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Zavaglio F, Rivela F, Cassaniti I, Arena F, Gabanti E, Asti AL, Lilleri D, Rampino T, Baldanti F, Gregorini M. ELISPOT assays with pp65 peptides or whole HCMV antigen are reliable predictors of immune control of HCMV infection in seropositive kidney transplant recipients. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28507. [PMID: 36655741 PMCID: PMC10108170 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection represents a major complication for solid organ transplant recipients. The aim of this study was to verify if the measurement of HCMV-specific T-cells could help to identify patients protected against HCMV disease cytokine flow cytometry using infected dendritic cells as stimulus (CFC-iDC, which discriminates between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells), and ELISPOT, using infected cell lysate (ELISPOT-iCL) or pp65 (ELISPOT-pp65) as stimulus, were adopted. Among the 47 kidney transplant recipients (KTR) enrolled, 29 had a self-resolving HCMV infection (Controllers) and 18 required antiviral treatment (Non-Controllers). HCMV-specific T-cell frequency at the peak of HCMV infection identified Controllers and Non-Controllers, although the diagnostic performance of CD8+ CFC-iDC (area under the curve [AUC] of the receiver-operator characteristic curve: 0.65) was lower than that of CD4+ CFC-iDC (AUC: 0.83), ELISPOT-iCL (AUC: 0.83) and ELISPOT-pp65 (AUC: 0.80). CFC-iDC detected a protective immune reconstitution significantly earlier (median time: 38 days) than ELISPOT-iCL and ELISPOT-pp65 (median time: 126 and 133 days, respectively). Time to protective immune reconstitution in Non-Controllers was significantly longer than in Controllers with the ELISPOT and the CD4+ CFC-iDC assays, but not with CD8+ CFC-iDC. The majority of patients did not require antiviral treatment after protective immune reconstitution, with the exception of five patients according to CFC-iDC assay, one patient according to ELISPOT-iCL assay and three patients according to ELISPOT-pp65 assay. Monitoring the HCMV-specific immunological reconstitution with is effective in discriminating KTR at risk of or protected from HCMV disease and the ELISPOT assays are suitable for implementation in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Zavaglio
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Rivela
- Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Irene Cassaniti
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Arena
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Gabanti
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna L Asti
- Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Lilleri
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Teresa Rampino
- Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fausto Baldanti
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marilena Gregorini
- Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Cassaniti I, Bergami F, Percivalle E, Gabanti E, Sammartino JC, Ferrari A, Adzasehoun KMG, Zavaglio F, Zelini P, Comolli G, Sarasini A, Piralla A, Ricciardi A, Zuccaro V, Maggi F, Novazzi F, Simonelli L, Varani L, Lilleri D, Baldanti F. Humoral and cell-mediated response against SARS-CoV-2 variants elicited by mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 in healthcare workers: a longitudinal observational study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2022; 28:301.e1-301.e8. [PMID: 34582981 PMCID: PMC8464022 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the humoral and cell-mediated response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) elicited by the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine in SARS-CoV-2-experienced and -naive subjects against a reference strain and SARS-CoV-2 variants. METHODS The humoral response (including neutralizing antibodies) and T-cell-mediated response elicited by BNT162b2 vaccine in 145 healthcare workers (both naive and positive for previous SARS-CoV-2 infection) were evaluated. In a subset of subjects, the effect of SARS-CoV-2 variants on antibody level and cell-mediated response was also investigated. RESULTS Overall, 125/127 naive subjects (98.4%) developed both neutralizing antibodies and specific T cells after the second dose of vaccine. Moreover, the antibody and T-cell responses were effective against viral variants since SARS-CoV-2 NT Abs were still detectable in 55/68 (80.9%) and 25/29 (86.2%) naive subjects when sera were challenged against β and δ variants, respectively. T-cell response was less affected, with no significant difference in the frequency of responders (p 0.369). Of note, two doses of vaccine were able to elicit sustained neutralizing antibody activity against all the SARS-CoV-2 variants tested in SARS-CoV-2-experienced subjects. CONCLUSIONS BNT162b2 vaccine elicited a sustained humoral and cell-mediated response in immunocompetent subjects after two-dose administration of the vaccine, and the response seemed to be less affected by SARS-CoV-2 variants, the only exceptions being the β and δ variants. Increased immunogenicity, also against SARS-CoV-2 variant strains, was observed in SARS-CoV-2-experienced subjects. These results suggest that triple exposure to SARS-CoV-2 antigens might be proposed as valuable strategy for vaccination campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Cassaniti
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Italy
| | - Federica Bergami
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Percivalle
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Gabanti
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Josè Camilla Sammartino
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ferrari
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Kodjo Messan Guy Adzasehoun
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federica Zavaglio
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Zelini
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuditta Comolli
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Laboratory of Biochemistry-Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonella Sarasini
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Piralla
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Zuccaro
- Infectious Diseases I, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Federica Novazzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Luca Simonelli
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Luca Varani
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Lilleri
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Fausto Baldanti
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Italy
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Gabanti E, Borsani O, Colombo AA, Zavaglio F, Binaschi L, Caldera D, Sciarra R, Cassinelli G, Alessandrino EP, Bernasconi P, Ferretti VV, Lilleri D, Baldanti F. Human cytomegalovirus-specific T-cell reconstitution and late-onset cytomegalovirus infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients following letermovir prophylaxis. Transplant Cell Ther 2022; 28:211.e1-211.e9. [PMID: 35042012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Letermovir (LTV), recently approved for the prophylaxis of human Citomegalovirus (HCMV) reactivation after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), has decreased the rate of infection in the first months post-transplant. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of LTV prophylaxis on immune reconstitution and late-onset infection. STUDY DESIGN We studied HCMV infection and HCMV-specific T-cell reconstitution in two matched groups of HSCT recipients receiving LTV prophylaxis (N=30, LTV group) vs pre-emptive therapy (N=31, PET group). Rate of GvHD, neutropenia, baseline disease recurrence and overall survival were analyzed. RESULTS Clinically significant infections requiring pre-emptive therapy showed a similar rate in the PET (21/31, 68%) vs the LTV group (17/30, 57%; P=0.434), but occurred significantly later (after prophylaxis discontinuation) in the LTV group. No difference was found in peak HCMV DNAemia levels (P=0.232). HCMV-specific T-cell recovery was delayed by about 100 days in the LTV group. HCMV-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells were significantly lower in the LTV group between days 120-360 and 90-120, respectively. A lower rate of chronic GvHD (P=0.024) was found in the LTV-group. Time to engraftment, rate of disease relapse and one-year survival were not different in the two groups, whereas a trend towards a lower occurrence of neutropenia (P=0.124) and higher occurrence of acute GvHD grade III-IV (P=0.103) was observed in the LTV group. CONCLUSIONS LTV prophylaxis delays HCMV infection and HCMV-specific immune reconstitution, therefore immunological and virological monitoring should be implemented post-prophylaxis discontinuation. The potential effect of LTV prophylaxis in reducing chronic GvHD should be evaluated by prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Gabanti
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Oscar Borsani
- Molecular Medicine Department, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Amelia Colombo
- Hematology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federica Zavaglio
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luana Binaschi
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Caldera
- Hematology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberta Sciarra
- Hematology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Paolo Bernasconi
- Hematology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Lilleri
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Fausto Baldanti
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy; Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia Italy
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Pandolfi L, Bozzini S, Frangipane V, Percivalle E, De Luigi A, Violatto MB, Lopez G, Gabanti E, Carsana L, D'Amato M, Morosini M, De Amici M, Nebuloni M, Fossali T, Colombo R, Saracino L, Codullo V, Gnecchi M, Bigini P, Baldanti F, Lilleri D, Meloni F. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Induce the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition: Implications in Post-COVID-19 Fibrosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:663303. [PMID: 34194429 PMCID: PMC8236949 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.663303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a process termed NETosis, avoids pathogen spread but may cause tissue injury. NETs have been found in severe COVID-19 patients, but their role in disease development is still unknown. The aim of this study is to assess the capacity of NETs to drive epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lung epithelial cells and to analyze the involvement of NETs in COVID-19. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of severe COVID-19 patients showed high concentration of NETs that correlates with neutrophils count; moreover, the analysis of lung tissues of COVID-19 deceased patients showed a subset of alveolar reactive pneumocytes with a co-expression of epithelial marker and a mesenchymal marker, confirming the induction of EMT mechanism after severe SARS-CoV2 infection. By airway in vitro models, cultivating A549 or 16HBE at air-liquid interface, adding alveolar macrophages (AM), neutrophils and SARS-CoV2, we demonstrated that to trigger a complete EMT expression pattern are necessary the induction of NETosis by SARS-CoV2 and the secretion of AM factors (TGF-β, IL8 and IL1β). All our results highlight the possible mechanism that can induce lung fibrosis after SARS-CoV2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pandolfi
- Research Laboratory of Lung Diseases, Section of Cell Biology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Bozzini
- Research Laboratory of Lung Diseases, Section of Cell Biology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Vanessa Frangipane
- Research Laboratory of Lung Diseases, Section of Cell Biology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Percivalle
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ada De Luigi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Martina Bruna Violatto
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Gianluca Lopez
- Pathology Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Gabanti
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Carsana
- Pathology Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maura D'Amato
- Research Laboratory of Lung Diseases, Section of Cell Biology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Biochemistry Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Monica Morosini
- Research Laboratory of Lung Diseases, Section of Cell Biology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mara De Amici
- Laboratory of Immuno Allergology Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics Clinic, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Manuela Nebuloni
- Pathology Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Tommaso Fossali
- Division of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Colombo
- Division of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Saracino
- Unit of Pneumology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Veronica Codullo
- Unit of Rheumatology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Gnecchi
- Coronary Care Unit and Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Cardiology Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Bigini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Fausto Baldanti
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Lilleri
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federica Meloni
- Research Laboratory of Lung Diseases, Section of Cell Biology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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Piloni D, Gabanti E, Morosini M, Oggionni T, Saracino L, Conio V, Frangipane V, Cassinelli G, Lilleri D, Meloni F. Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction is Associated with Acute Rejection and High Levels of Cytomegalovirus Load in Blood (but Not in Lung). J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Lilleri D, Zavaglio F, Gabanti E, Gerna G, Arbustini E. Analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Italy: The role of local and interventional factors in the control of the epidemic. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242305. [PMID: 33180880 PMCID: PMC7660511 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Containment measures have been applied in several countries in order to limit the diffusion of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. The scope of this study is to analyze the evolution of the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic throughout Italy and factors associated to the different way it spread in the Italian Regions, starting from the day that the first indigenous cases were detected through day 81 (6 days after the end of the strict lockdown). Data were obtained from daily reports and are represented as number (and percentage) of cases/100,000 persons. A lockdown with movement restrictions, especially across Regions, was declared at day 20. At day 81, 219,070 cases (363/100,000 persons) were diagnosed. A regression analysis based on the Gompertz model predicts a total number 233,606 cases (386/100,000 persons) at the end of the epidemic. The 21 areas, divided into Italian Regions and autonomous Provinces, showed a wide range in the frequency of cases at day 81 (58-921, median 258/100,000 persons) and total predicted cases (58-946, median 267/100,000 persons). Similarly, the predicted time for the end of the wave of the epidemic (considering as surrogate marker the time at which 99% of the total cases are predicted to occur) was highly variable, ranging from 64 to 136 (median 99) days. We analyzed the impact of local and interventional variables on the epidemic curve in each Region. The number of cases correlated inversely with the distance from the area in which first cases were detected and directly also with the gross domestic product pro capite (as a marker of industrial activity) of the Region. Moreover, an earlier start of the lockdown (i.e. in the presence of a lower number of cases) and wider testing were associated with a lower final number of total cases. In conclusion, this analysis shows that population-wide testing and early lockdown enforcement appear effective in limiting the spreading of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Lilleri
- Laboratorio Genetica–Trapiantologia e Malattie Cardiovascolari, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Microbiologia e Virologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Federica Zavaglio
- Laboratorio Genetica–Trapiantologia e Malattie Cardiovascolari, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Microbiologia e Virologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Gabanti
- Laboratorio Genetica–Trapiantologia e Malattie Cardiovascolari, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Microbiologia e Virologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gerna
- Laboratorio Genetica–Trapiantologia e Malattie Cardiovascolari, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Eloisa Arbustini
- Laboratorio Genetica–Trapiantologia e Malattie Cardiovascolari, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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Piloni D, Gabanti E, Morosini M, Oggionni T, Saracino L, Conio V, Lilleri D, Meloni F. Effective prevention of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) disease in lung transplant recipients (LTR) by pre-emptive therapy based on HCMV monitoring in blood and lung. Transplantation 2019. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Gabanti E, Lilleri D, Scaramuzzi L, Zelini P, Rampino T, Gerna G. Comparison of the T-cell response to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) as detected by cytokine flow cytometry and QuantiFERON-CMV assay in HCMV-seropositive kidney transplant recipients. New Microbiol 2018; 41:195-202. [PMID: 30028473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-specific T-cell response in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) helps to identify patients at risk for severe infection. To assess the T-cell response, this study compared our in-house developed reference test, based on T-cell (both CD4+ and CD8+) stimulation by autologous HCMV-infected dendritic cells (iDC) and subsequent detection by cytokine flow cytometry (CFC-iDC), with the Quanti-FERON-CMV (QF-CMV) assay. Fifty-three HCMV-seropositive KTR were enrolled. At the DNAemia peak, 33 (62%) had low viral load (LVL, <3x105 DNA copies/mL) self-resolving infection, 19 (36%) high viral load (HVL, >3x105 DNA copies/mL) infection treated with antivirals, and one LVL patient (2%) tissue-invasive disease alone. Both assays showed a delayed recovery of HCMV-specific T-cell immunity in HVL vs LVL patients. Immune reconstitution kinetics did not significantly differ between the two assays in HVL patients. QF-CMV and CFC-iDC showed comparable sensitivities, but QF-CMV had a lower (although not significantly) specificity. Indeed, 7/19 HVL patients (37%) were erroneously considered protected from severe infection by QF-CMV, whereas CFC-iDC misidentified only 3/19 (16%) patients as protected. Although our reference test takes longer to complete, it appears slightly better at predicting patients at risk for severe HCMV infection. Moreover, QF-CMV may provide false negative results with some HLA types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Gabanti
- Laboratorio Genetica - Trapiantologia e Malattie cardiovascolari, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Laboratorio Biochimica-Biotecnologie e Diagnostica avanzata, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Lilleri
- Laboratorio Genetica - Trapiantologia e Malattie cardiovascolari, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Laboratorio Biochimica-Biotecnologie e Diagnostica avanzata, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lucia Scaramuzzi
- Unità di Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Zelini
- Laboratorio Genetica - Trapiantologia e Malattie cardiovascolari, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Laboratorio Biochimica-Biotecnologie e Diagnostica avanzata, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Teresa Rampino
- Unità di Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gerna
- Laboratorio Genetica - Trapiantologia e Malattie cardiovascolari, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- Consorzio Italiano per la Ricerca in Medicina (CIRM), 20159 Milano, Italy
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Gabanti E, Bruno F, Scaramuzzi L, Mangione F, Zelini P, Gerna G, Lilleri D. Predictive value of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) T-cell response in the control of HCMV infection by seropositive solid-organ transplant recipients according to different assays and stimuli. New Microbiol 2016; 39:247-258. [PMID: 27727404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is still the most common viral infection in solid-organ transplant recipients (SOTR). Our study aimed to identify the predictive values of the T-cell response able to protect from HCMV disease, according to different assays. Viral DNA was determined by real-time PCR. The T-cell immune response to HCMV infection was investigated in SOTR according to the following assays and stimuli: cytokine flow cytometry (CFC) after peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) stimulation with autologous HCMV-infected dendritic cells (iDC) vs three ELISPOT assays using PBMCs stimulated with: 1. HCMV-infected cell lysate (iCL); 2. a pool of 34 epitopic peptides (PP) from different HCMV proteins; 3. a commercial pp65 peptide pool (CPM). ELISPOT results were normalized to T-cell counts. Overall, 51 SOTR were enrolled: 29 (57%) had low viral load (LVL) self-resolving infections, 19 (37%) high viral load (HVL) infections treated with antiviral drugs, and 3 (6%) tissue-invasive disease (TID). At DNAemia peak, ROC analysis showed that CFC-iDC CD4+ and the ELISPOT-iCL assays yielded overlapping area under the curve (AUC) results. The time needed to reconstitute protective T-cell immunity in SOTR with HVL infections was significantly longer with each assay compared to LVL infections. Using the CFC-iDC assay as a reference test (requiring 7 days to complete), the 24h ELISPOT-iCL assay provides similar results in terms of protection prediction from HCMV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Gabanti
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Bruno
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lucia Scaramuzzi
- Department of Nephrology, University of Pavia, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Filippo Mangione
- Department of Nephrology, University of Pavia, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Zelini
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gerna
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Lilleri
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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Gerna G, Lilleri D, Fornara C, Bruno F, Gabanti E, Cane I, Furione M, Revello MG. Differential kinetics of human cytomegalovirus load and antibody responses in primary infection of the immunocompetent and immunocompromised host. J Gen Virol 2015; 96:360-369. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.070441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gerna
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Area Trapiantologica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Lilleri
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Area Trapiantologica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fornara
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Area Trapiantologica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Bruno
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Area Trapiantologica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Gabanti
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Area Trapiantologica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cane
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Area Trapiantologica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Milena Furione
- Struttura Semplice Virologia Molecolare, Struttura Complessa Microbiologia e Virologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - M. Grazia Revello
- Struttura Complessa Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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Gabanti E, Bruno F, Fornara C, Bernuzzi S, Lilleri D, Gerna G. Polyfunctional Analysis of Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-Specific CD4+ and CD8+ Memory T-Cells in HCMV-Seropositive Healthy Subjects Following Different Stimuli. J Clin Immunol 2014; 34:999-1008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10875-014-0093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Gabanti E, Bruno F, Lilleri D, Fornara C, Zelini P, Cane I, Migotto C, Sarchi E, Furione M, Gerna G. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are both required for prevention of HCMV disease in seropositive solid-organ transplant recipients. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106044. [PMID: 25166270 PMCID: PMC4148399 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In solid-organ transplant recipients (SOTR) the protective role of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-specific CD4+, CD8+ and γδ T-cells vs. HCMV reactivation requires better definition. The aim of this study was to investigate the relevant role of HCMV-specific CD4+, CD8+ and γδ T-cells in different clinical presentations during the post-transplant period. Thirty-nine SOTR underwent virologic and immunologic follow-up for about 1 year after transplantation. Viral load was determined by real-time PCR, while immunologic monitoring was performed by measuring HCMV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (following stimulation with autologous HCMV-infected dendritic cells) and γδ T-cells by flow cytometry. Seven patients had no infection and 14 had a controlled infection, while both groups maintained CD4+ T-cell numbers above the established cut-off (0.4 cell/µL blood). Of the remaining patients, 9 controlled the infection temporarily in the presence of HCMV-specific CD8+ only, until CD4+ T-cell appearance; while 9 had to be treated preemptively due to a viral load greater than the established cut-off (3×10(5) DNA copies/mL blood) in the absence of specific CD4+ T-cells. Polyfunctional CD8+ T-cells as well as Vδ2- γδ T-cells were not associated with control of infection. In conclusion, in the absence of HCMV-specific CD4+ T-cells, no long-term protection is conferred to SOTR by either HCMV-specific CD8+ T-cells alone or Vδ2- γδ T-cell expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Gabanti
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Area Trapiantologica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Bruno
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Area Trapiantologica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniele Lilleri
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Area Trapiantologica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fornara
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Area Trapiantologica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Zelini
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Area Trapiantologica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cane
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Area Trapiantologica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Clara Migotto
- Divisione di Nefrologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Sarchi
- Divisione di Cardiochirurgia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Milena Furione
- S. S. Virologia Molecolare, S. C. Microbiologia e Virologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gerna
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Area Trapiantologica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Lilleri D, Gerna G, Bruno F, Draghi P, Gabanti E, Fornara C, Meloni F. Systemic and local human cytomegalovirus-specific T-cell response in lung transplant recipients. New Microbiol 2013; 36:267-277. [PMID: 23912868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
It is debated whether human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection/disease of the pulmonary compartment in lung transplant recipients (LTRs) may be controlled by the HCMV-specific systemic T-cell response or requires a local (lung) T-cell response. Systemic and local HCMV loads were investigated in parallel by real-time PCR in 20 LTRs. T-cell responses were measured by intracellular cytokine staining of HCMV-specific IFN-? + CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in PBMC, and by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay in lung (BAL) mononuclear cells. Patients were grouped at time of peak of infection based on viral load in blood and BAL. Immunological testing results showed that five patients with no HCMV infection (either local or systemic) had both local and systemic T-cell responses; four patients with systemic infection had no systemic T-cell response; five patients with both systemic and lung infection had neither local nor systemic T-cell responses; and six patients with lung infection had no local and a partial (only CD8+ in the absence of CD4+) systemic T-cell response. These results indicate that local immunity is associated with resolution of lung infection. Systemic T-cell response alone is not sufficient to provide lung protection from HCMV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Lilleri
- Laboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
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Esposito P, Rampino T, Gregorini M, Gabanti E, Bianzina S, Dal Canton A. Mechanisms underlying sCD40 production in hemodialysis patients. Cell Immunol 2012; 278:10-5. [PMID: 23121970 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2012.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CD40 and its ligand (CD40L) regulate several cellular functions, including T and B-cell activation. The soluble form of CD40 (sCD40) antagonizes CD40/CD40L interaction. Patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) present elevated sCD40 serum levels, which underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. We studied sCD40 serum and urinary levels, CD40 membrane and gene expression and membrane shedding in HD, uremic not-HD patients (UR) and healthy subjects (N). We found that in HD sCD40 serum levels were higher than UR and N, being significantly elevated in anuric patients, and that sCD40 correlated to renal function in UR subjects, who presented also a reduced sCD40 urinary excretion rate. HD and UR presented reduced CD40 membrane and gene expression. The concentration of TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE), responsible for CD40 cleavage was not different between HD and N. Therefore the reduced renal clearance is the main cause of elevated sCD40 levels in HD. This finding could have relevant clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Esposito
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, and University of Pavia, Italy.
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Mangieri D, Palmisano A, Libri I, Corradi D, Carnevali ML, Buzio C, Vaglio A, Zikou X, Rousouli K, Tellis C, Tselepis A, Siamopoulos K, Zawada AM, Rogacev KS, Rotter B, Winter P, Marell RR, Fliser D, Heine GH, Fligny C, Milon M, Huang J, Schordan S, Mesnard L, Endlich N, Tharaux PL, Yurkevich M, Komissarov K, Pilotovich V, Zafranskaya M, Smykal-Jankowiak K, Niemir Z, Polcyn-Adamczak M, Szramka-Pawlak B, Zaba R, Wornle M, Ribeiro A, Merkle M, Hiemstra TF, Charles PD, Hester SS, Al-Lamki R, Su Y, Robinson C, Floto RA, Lilley KS, Karet FE, Wu CC, Lu KC, Chen JS, Lin YF, Sytwu HK, Esposito P, Gabanti E, Bianzina S, Rampino T, Dal Canton A, Hung KY, Lang CL, Lu KC, Liu SY, Rakityanskaya I, Ryabova T, Novak J, Suzuki H, Yamada K, Moldoveanu Z, Takahashi K, Horynova M, Novakova J, Julian BA, Novak L, Poulsen K, Kilian M, Gharavi AG, Renfrow MB, Mestecky J, Raska M, Camilla R, Loiacono E, Dapra V, Morando L, Peruzzi L, Conrieri M, Bianciotto M, Bosetti FM, Gallo R, Amore A, Coppo R, Ito S, Higuchi Y, Nishijima F, Yamato H, Ishii H, Yoshida M, Na KY, Oh SW, Chin HJ, Chae DW, Oh YK, Joo KW, Han JS, Mazanowska O, Kaminska D, Krajewska M, Zabinska M, Kopec W, Boratynska M, Klinger M, Wornle M, Merkle M, Ribeiro A, Cohen G, Raupachova J, Borchhardt K, Horl WH, Pletinck A, Glorieux G, Schepers E, Van Landschoot M, Van De Voorde J, Van Biesen W, Vanholder R, Bansal V, Davis R, Litinas E, Hoppensteadt D, Fareed J, Abdgawad M, Gunnarsson L, Segelmark M, Hellmark T, Izuka I, Quinto B, Goes M, Monte J, Pavao O, Santos B, Pereira V, Dalboni M, Cendoroglo M, Batista M, Quinto B, Goes M, Izuka I, Monte J, Durao M, Pavao O, Pereira V, Dalboni M, Cendoroglo M, Batista M, Lai CF, Lin SL, Chen YM, Chiang WC, Wu KD, Kuo ML, Tsai TJ. Immune and inflammatory mechanisms. Clin Kidney J 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/ndtplus/4.s2.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Esposito P, Tinelli C, Libetta C, Gabanti E, Rampino T, Dal Canton A. Impact of seropositivity to Chlamydia pneumoniae and anti-hHSP60 on cardiovascular events in hemodialysis patients. Cell Stress Chaperones 2011; 16:219-24. [PMID: 20922511 PMCID: PMC3059795 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-010-0235-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Revised: 09/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/17/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmunity to heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) has been related to atherosclerosis. Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP), the most studied infectious agent implicated in promoting atherosclerosis, produces a form of HSP60, which can induce an autoimmune response, due to high antigenic homology with human HSP60 (hHSP60). In this study, we evaluated the correlations among anti-hHSP60 antibodies, CP infection, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a high-risk population, such as patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Thirty-two patients (67.9 ± 13.9 years; male/female, 23:9) on regular HD were enrolled. Global absolute cardiovascular risk (GCR) was assessed using the Italian CUORE Project's risk charts, which evaluate age, gender, smoking habits, diabetes, systolic blood pressure, and serum cholesterol. The occurrence of cardiovascular events during a 24-month follow-up was recorded. Seropositivity to CP and the presence of anti-hHSP60 antibodies were tested by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Inflammation was assessed by measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP) serum levels. Fifteen healthy sex and age-matched (61.9 ± 9.5 years; male/female, 11:4) subjects were the control group. Fifteen of 32 patients resulted seropositive for CP. CP + patients were older than CP-, while they did not differ for GCR, CRP, and dialytic parameters. CVD incidence was significantly higher in CP+ (9 CP+ vs 2 CP-, p < 0.05). Cox analysis recognized that the incidence of CVD was independently correlated with seropositivity to CP (HR, 7.59; p = 0.01; 95% CI = 1.63-35.4). On the other hand, there were no significant differences in anti-hHSP60 levels among CP+, CP- and healthy subjects: 18.11 μg/mL (14.8-47.8), 31.4 μg/mL (23.2-75.3), and 24.72 μg/mL (17.7-41.1), respectively. Anti-hHSP60 did not correlate to GCR, CRP, and incidence of CVD. In conclusion, our data suggest that anti-hHSP60 autoimmune response is not related to CP infection and CP-related CVD risk in HD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Esposito
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi no. 2, Pavia, Italy.
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Esposito P, Gabanti E, Bianzina S, Rampino T, Dal Canton A. CD40/SCD40 imbalance in hemodialysis patients. Clin Biochem 2011; 44:268-9. [PMID: 21093425 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2010.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Revised: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Rampino T, Gregorini M, Bedino G, Piotti G, Gabanti E, Ibatici A, Sessarego N, Piacenza C, Balenzano CT, Esposito P, Bosio F, Soccio G, Frassoni F, Dal Canton A. Mesenchymal stromal cells improve renal injury in anti-Thy 1 nephritis by modulating inflammatory cytokines and scatter factors. Clin Sci (Lond) 2011; 120:25-36. [PMID: 20583996 DOI: 10.1042/cs20100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MSC (mesenchymal stromal cells) can differentiate into renal adult cells, and have anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating activity. In the present study, we investigated whether MSC have protective/reparative effects in anti-Thy1 disease, an Ab (antibody)-induced mesangiolysis resulting in mesangioproliferative nephritis. We studied five groups of rats: (i) rats injected with anti-Thy1.1 Ab on day 0 (group A); (ii) rats injected with anti-Thy1.1 Ab on day 0+MSC on day 3 (group B); (iii) rats injected with anti-Thy1.1 Ab on day 0+mesangial cells on day 3 (group C); (iv) rats injected with saline on day 0+MSC on day 3 (group D); and (v) rats injected with saline on day 0 (group E). Rats were killed on days 1, 3, 7 and 14. MSC prevented the increase in serum creatinine, proteinuria, glomerular monocyte influx and glomerular histopathological injury. Furthermore, MSC suppressed the release of IL-6 (interleukin-6) and TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β), modulated glomerular PDGF-β (platelet-derived growth factor-β), and reset the scatter factors and their receptors, potentiating HGF (hepatocyte growth factor)/Met and inactivating MSP (macrophage-stimulating protein)/Ron (receptor origin nantaise). Few MSC were found in the kidney. These results indicate that MSC improve anti-Thy 1 disease not by replacing injured cells, but by preventing cytokine-driven inflammation and modulating PDGF-β and the scatter factors, i.e. systems that regulate movement and proliferation of monocytes and mesangial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Rampino
- Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Crotti L, Insolia R, Pedrazzini M, Andreoli C, Gabanti E, Moncalvo C, Crimi G, De Ferrari GM, Schwartz PJ. Gene symbol: KCNH2. Hum Genet 2007; 120:911. [PMID: 17438606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Crotti
- Department of Cardiology, Policlinico San Matteo, Univeristy of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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Cereda C, Gabanti E, Corato M, de Silvestri A, Alimonti D, Cova E, Malaspina A, Ceroni M. Increased incidence of FMO1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 7:227-34. [PMID: 17127561 DOI: 10.1080/17482960600864413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMO) represent a gene family involved in the oxidative metabolism of a variety of xenobiotics, pesticides and drugs. A new function for FMO proteins has been recently uncovered: yeast FMO has been demonstrated to take part in maintaining the redox balance, catalysing the oxidation of reduced glutathione (GSH) to glutathione disulfide (GSSG). The GSSG/GSH balance is an important buffering system for reactive oxygen species and its involvement has been documented in ALS and other neurodegenerative disorders. Human FMO genes present different mutations, which may be related to ethnicity, altered metabolic activity and, in some cases, specific diseases. The human FMO1 gene presents 20 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in coding regions, intronic sequences and untranslated regions. The FMO1 gene has also recently been found underexpressed in spinal cord of ALS patients. Using SSCP and direct sequencing, we studied the allelic and genotypic frequency of two 3'UTR SNPs of the FMO1 gene in sporadic ALS patients compared to a healthy control population. We found a significantly higher frequency of these two polymorphisms, exclusive of the female population, in SALS patients compared to controls (p<0.01), suggesting that specific allelic variants of the FMO1 gene might be associated to susceptibility to develop ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cereda
- Experimental Neurobiology, Neurological Institute IRCCS C Mondino, Pavia, Italy.
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Lagonigro MS, Tamborini E, Negri T, Staurengo S, Dagrada GP, Miselli F, Gabanti E, Greco A, Casali PG, Carbone A, Pierotti MA, Pilotti S. PDGFRα, PDGFRβ and KIT expression/activation in conventional chondrosarcoma. J Pathol 2006; 208:615-23. [PMID: 16470538 DOI: 10.1002/path.1945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Chondrosarcomas represent 20% of all primary bone sarcomas, and many studies have attempted to unravel molecular targets for future development of new therapies. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression/activation of PDGFRalpha, PDGFRbeta and KIT receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) as potential therapeutic targets in conventional central primary chondrosarcomas (CCS). The expression of PDGFRalpha, PDGFRbeta and KIT RTKs was detected in 16 CCSs using immunohistochemistry (IHC), and their level of expression and activation status were analysed by immunoprecipitation and western blot experiments. PDGFRalpha, PDGFRbeta and KIT cDNAs were screened to verify the presence of activating mutations and the presence of the cognate ligands was analysed by means of RT-PCR. RTK gene amplification was further studied by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. The immunophenotyping and biochemical analyses showed that the CCSs co-expressed PDGFRalpha and PDGFRbeta, with the latter showing definitively greater protein expression and phosphorylation levels. PDGFRbeta was expressed but not activated in control healthy joint cartilage, in line with no PDGFB detection. Conversely, the KIT gene product did not seem to play a relevant role. These findings, in the absence of activating mutations or an abnormal genomic profile and the presence of PDGFA and PDGFB expression, are consistent with an autocrine/paracrine loop activation of the corresponding receptors. The CCS gene profile described here offers a rationale for the use of RTK inhibitors alone or in combination with chemotherapy, and supports further investigation of RTKs and their downstream signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Lagonigro
- Experimental Molecular Pathology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Perrone F, Tamborini E, Dagrada GP, Colombo F, Bonadiman L, Albertini V, Lagonigro MS, Gabanti E, Caramuta S, Greco A, Torre GD, Gronchi A, Pierotti MA, Pilotti S. 9p21 locus analysis in high-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors characterized for c-kit and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha gene alterations. Cancer 2005; 104:159-69. [PMID: 15929122 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.21113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are noncomplex sarcomas that often are due to c-kit-activating and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha gene (PDGFRalpha)-activating mutations and perturbations of their related signaling pathways. Molecular and cytogenetic findings have indicated correlations between tumor progression and high-risk GISTs with c-kit mutations, the overexpression of genes such as ezrin, and losses at 9p. In particular, it was reported recently that malignant GISTs showed alterations in the p16INK4a gene located at the 9p21 locus. METHODS To assess the involvement of p14ARF and p15INK4b in addition to p16INK4a in GISTs, the authors undertook a molecular and cytogenetic study of the 9p21 locus. A series of 22 pre-Gleevec era, cryopreserved, high-risk GISTs that were characterized well in terms of KIT and PDGFRalpha receptors were investigated for mRNA expression, homozygous deletions, mutations, and promoter methylation of locus 9p21, in some instances complemented by fluorescent in situ hybridization studies. RESULTS The results indicated the loss of p16INK4a mRNA expression in 41% of the GISTs, mainly due to the homozygous deletion of both the p16INK4a gene and the p14ARF gene (24%). No mutations were found, and promoter methylation (detected by means of methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction analysis in 27% of tumors) was restricted mainly to the p15INK4b gene (20%). It is noteworthy that, in all of the methylated GISTs, the epigenetic promoter alteration was coupled with mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS Alterations in the 9p21 locus were found cumulatively in 54% of the tumors in the current series and were represented mainly by the loss of tumor suppressor gene expression. The p16INK4a deletion, which always was coupled with p14ARF gene loss, seemed to be the most common 9p21 inactivation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Perrone
- Unit of Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Tamborini E, Gabanti E, Lagonigro MS, Negri T, Pilotti S, Pierotti MA, Pricl S. KIT/Val654 Ala receptor detected in one imatinib-resistant GIST patient. Cancer Res 2005; 65:1115; author reply 1115. [PMID: 15705916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
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Tamborini E, Gabanti E, Lagonigro MS, Negri T, Pilotti S, Pierotti MA, Pricl S. KIT/Val654Ala Receptor Detected in One Imatinib-Resistant GIST Patient. Cancer Res 2005. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.1115.65.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tamborini
- Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e al Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Gabanti
- Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e al Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Stefania Lagonigro
- Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e al Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Negri
- Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e al Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Pilotti
- Experimental Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e al Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco A. Pierotti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e al Cura dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular Simulation Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical, Environmental and Raw Materials Engineering, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Pricl S, Ferrone M, Paneni M, Tamborini E, Negri T, Gabanti E, Lagonigro M, Pilotti S, Greco A, Pierotti M. 619 Analogies in imatinib-resistant threonine-to-isoleucine mutation in BCR-ABL, KIT and PDGFRa: a combined experimental/computational approach. EJC Suppl 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(04)80627-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Trotti R, Carratelli M, Bo P, Barbieri M, Mangiagalli A, Samuele A, Gabanti E, Blandini F. Pro-oxidant activity and methionine metabolism in chronic alcohol abusers: relationship to alcohol withdrawal and folate administration. Panminerva Med 2004; 46:161-4. [PMID: 15510084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate whether alcohol withdrawal and folate administration could play a role on redox balance and metionine metabolism in heavy drinkers. METHODS The derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs), homocysteine, total thiols, vitamin B12 and folate were evaluated in a selected group of 40 consecutive chronic alcohol abusers by comparison with 44 healthy moderate drinkers, as controls. RESULTS Before alcohol withdrawal, d-ROMs were significantly higher (p<0.0001) in heavy drinkers than in controls: 368.5 (254.8-718.6) U.CARR vs 245 (200.7-360) U.CARR, respectively, median with range. Plasma homocysteine were significantly higher in alcoholics than in moderate drinkers (p<0.0001): 18 (9.5-82.2) micromol/L vs 9.1 (4.9-19.6) micromol/L, respectively. Heavy drinkers also exhibited higher serum thiols than moderate drinkers (p<0.003): 605.8 (448.2-717.7) micromol/L vs 554.8 (508.3-658.4) micromol/L, respectively. The patients showed lower plasma folate than controls (p<0.0001): 4.1 (1.9-9.7) ng/mL vs 8.8 (5.0-8.4) ng/mL, respectively, but similar vitamin B12 levels: 487 (299-786) pg/mL 621 (243-894) pg/mL. A negative correlation between homocysteine and folate was observed before withdrawal in alcoholics (r=-0.4546, p<0.038). Both serum thiols (549.7 micromol/L, range 402.4-616.6 micromol/L) and homocysteinemia (6.6 micromol/L, range 2.9-18.5 micromol/L) were significantly decreased (p<0.0001 and p<0.022, respectively) after a week of alcohol withdrawal and folate administration. CONCLUSION Our findings show that both enhanced pro-oxidant activity and a derangement of methionine metabolism can be observed in heavy drinkers before alcohol withdrawal and folate administration. Furthermore, folate seems to be a strong determinant of both plasma homocysteine and thiol concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Trotti
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Neurological Institute C. Mondino IRCCS, Pavia, Italy.
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Trotti R, Rondanelli M, Cuzzoni G, Magnani B, Gabanti E, Ferrari E. Circadian organization of serum electrolytes in physiological aging. Funct Neurol 2003; 18:77-81. [PMID: 12911137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Age-related structural and neurochemical changes occurring in the central nervous system have been related to changes in some rhythmometric parameters. In spite of their clinical importance, only a few studies have investigated the modifications over time of serum electrolytes in senescence. The aim of our study was to evaluate the circadian pattern of serum potassium, chloride, sodium, calcium and phosphorus in 30 clinically healthy elderly subjects, with no cognitive impairment, and to compare the findings with those given by 24 healthy young controls. The subjects were synchronized as regards their daily activities, sleeping/waking habits, time/quality of meals and dietary electrolyte intake. After an overnight fast, samples were taken beginning at 08.00 and every 4 h thereafter until 20.00, and every 2 h from 20.00 to 04.00. Both the young and the elderly subjects exhibited statistically significant circadian rhythms for all serum electrolytes considered. Our findings suggest that circadian organization of serum electrolytes is maintained in physiological aging, even though it should be noted that sodium and phosphorus acrophases differed significantly in the two experimental groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Trotti
- Biochemical-Clinical Analysis Laboratory, IRCCS C. Mondino Institute of Neurology, Pavia, Italy.
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Trotti R, Rondanelli M, Anesi A, Gabanti E, Brustia R, Minoli L. Increased erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity and serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha in HIV-infected patients: relationship to on-going prothrombotic state. J Hematother Stem Cell Res 2002; 11:369-75. [PMID: 11983108 DOI: 10.1089/152581602753658556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A condition of oxidative stress, due to perturbation of oxidant/antioxidant balance, has been suggested to play a role not only in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, but also in the promotion of a thrombophilic condition. Because various hemostatic dysfunctions usually considered as risk factors for thrombotic events were reported in HIV infection, this study was undertaken to investigate whether the oxidative phenomenon could promote a prothrombotic state in such condition. Erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), the major free-radical scavenger enzyme, and serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were evaluated in 33 consecutive HIV-infected out-patients and 35 matched HIV-negative healthy controls at a distance of any acute episode. Thrombin generation was explored by measuring the plasma levels of prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F1 + 2), whereas fibrin degradation products (D-dimer) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) activity were evaluated as indices of plasmin activity and fibrinolytic derangement. The anticoagulant pathway was investigated by measuring the plasma levels of antithrombin and protein C. Erythrocyte GSH-Px activity and serum TNF-alpha were significantly higher in HIV-infected patients when compared to controls. F1 + 2, D-dimer, and PAI-1 activity were increased in HIV-infected patients by comparison with controls. Normal antithrombin, but decreased protein C, was instead detected in HIV-infected patients. In the latter patients, serum TNF-alpha negatively correlated with both erythrocyte GSH-Px activity and plasma D-dimer. On the other hand, a positive correlation was shown between F1 + 2 and D-dimer and between D-dimer and GSH-Px activity. Furthermore, a trend toward increasing levels of GSH-Px with increasing PAI-1 activity was reported. These findings suggest a relationship between erythrocyte oxidative stress and the hypercoagulable condition during HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Trotti
- I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico Fondazione "C. Mondino", Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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