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Khosravi-Maharlooei M, Li H, Hoelzl M, Zhao G, Ruiz A, Misra A, Li Y, Teteloshvili N, Nauman G, Danzl N, Ding X, Pinker EY, Obradovic A, Yang YG, Iuga A, Creusot RJ, Winchester R, Sykes M. Role of the thymus in spontaneous development of a multi-organ autoimmune disease in human immune system mice. J Autoimmun 2021; 119:102612. [PMID: 33611150 PMCID: PMC8044037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2021.102612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the role of the thymus in development of multi-organ autoimmunity in human immune system (HIS) mice. T cells were essential for disease development and the same T cell clones with varying phenotypes infiltrated multiple tissues. De novo-generated hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-derived T cells were the major disease drivers, though thymocytes pre-existing in grafted human thymi contributed if not first depleted. HIS mice with a native mouse thymus developed disease earlier than thymectomized mice with a thymocyte-depleted human thymus graft. Defective structure in the native mouse thymus was associated with impaired negative selection of thymocytes expressing a transgenic TCR recognizing a self-antigen. Disease developed without direct recognition of antigens on recipient mouse MHC. While human thymus grafts had normal structure and negative selection, failure to tolerize human T cells recognizing mouse antigens presented on HLA molecules may explain eventual disease development. These new insights have implications for human autoimmunity and suggest methods of avoiding autoimmunity in next-generation HIS mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Khosravi-Maharlooei
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - HaoWei Li
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Markus Hoelzl
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Guiling Zhao
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Amanda Ruiz
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Aditya Misra
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Nato Teteloshvili
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Grace Nauman
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Nichole Danzl
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Xiaolan Ding
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Elisha Y Pinker
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Aleksandar Obradovic
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Yong-Guang Yang
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Alina Iuga
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Remi J Creusot
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Robert Winchester
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Megan Sykes
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA,Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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Zhang B, Liu E, Gertie JA, Joseph J, Xu L, Pinker EY, Waizman DA, Catanzaro J, Hamza KH, Lahl K, Gowthaman U, Eisenbarth SC. Divergent T follicular helper cell requirement for IgA and IgE production to peanut during allergic sensitization. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:5/47/eaay2754. [PMID: 32385053 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aay2754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the dominant antibody isotype in the gut and has been shown to regulate microbiota. Mucosal IgA is also widely believed to prevent food allergens from penetrating the gut lining. Even though recent work has elucidated how bacteria-reactive IgA is induced, little is known about how IgA to food antigens is regulated. Although IgA is presumed to be induced in a healthy gut at steady state via dietary exposure, our data do not support this premise. We found that daily food exposure only induced low-level, cross-reactive IgA in a minority of mice. In contrast, induction of significant levels of peanut-specific IgA strictly required a mucosal adjuvant. Although induction of peanut-specific IgA required T cells and CD40L, it was T follicular helper (TFH) cell, germinal center, and T follicular regulatory (TFR) cell-independent. In contrast, IgG1 and IgE production to peanut required TFH cells. These data suggest an alternative paradigm in which the cellular mechanism of IgA production to food antigens is distinct from IgE and IgG1. We developed an equivalent assay to study this process in stool samples from healthy, nonallergic humans, which revealed substantial levels of peanut-specific IgA that were stable over time. Similar to mice, patients with loss of CD40L function had impaired titers of gut peanut-specific IgA. This work challenges two widely believed but untested paradigms about antibody production to dietary antigens: (i) the steady state/tolerogenic response to food antigens includes IgA production and (ii) TFH cells drive food-specific gut IgA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Elise Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Jake A Gertie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Julie Joseph
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Lan Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Elisha Y Pinker
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Daniel A Waizman
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Jason Catanzaro
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Section of Pulmonology, Allergy, Immunology and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Kedir Hussen Hamza
- Department for Experimental Medicine, Immunology Section, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Katharina Lahl
- Department for Experimental Medicine, Immunology Section, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden.,Division of Biopharma, Institute for Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Uthaman Gowthaman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Stephanie C Eisenbarth
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA. .,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.,Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
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Tuganbaev T, Mor U, Bashiardes S, Liwinski T, Nobs SP, Leshem A, Dori-Bachash M, Thaiss CA, Pinker EY, Ratiner K, Adlung L, Federici S, Kleimeyer C, Moresi C, Yamada T, Cohen Y, Zhang X, Massalha H, Massasa E, Kuperman Y, Koni PA, Harmelin A, Gao N, Itzkovitz S, Honda K, Shapiro H, Elinav E. Diet Diurnally Regulates Small Intestinal Microbiome-Epithelial-Immune Homeostasis and Enteritis. Cell 2020; 182:1441-1459.e21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Ladinsky MS, Araujo LP, Zhang X, Veltri J, Galan-Diez M, Soualhi S, Lee C, Irie K, Pinker EY, Narushima S, Bandyopadhyay S, Nagayama M, Elhenawy W, Coombes BK, Ferraris RP, Honda K, Iliev ID, Gao N, Bjorkman PJ, Ivanov II. Endocytosis of commensal antigens by intestinal epithelial cells regulates mucosal T cell homeostasis. Science 2019; 363:eaat4042. [PMID: 30846568 PMCID: PMC6708280 DOI: 10.1126/science.aat4042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Commensal bacteria influence host physiology, without invading host tissues. We show that proteins from segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) are transferred into intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) through adhesion-directed endocytosis that is distinct from the clathrin-dependent endocytosis of invasive pathogens. This process transfers microbial cell wall-associated proteins, including an antigen that stimulates mucosal T helper 17 (TH17) cell differentiation, into the cytosol of IECs in a cell division control protein 42 homolog (CDC42)-dependent manner. Removal of CDC42 activity in vivo led to disruption of endocytosis induced by SFB and decreased epithelial antigen acquisition, with consequent loss of mucosal TH17 cells. Our findings demonstrate direct communication between a resident gut microbe and the host and show that under physiological conditions, IECs acquire antigens from commensal bacteria for generation of T cell responses to the resident microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Ladinsky
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Leandro P Araujo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - John Veltri
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neurosciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Marta Galan-Diez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Salima Soualhi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Carolyn Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Koichiro Irie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Elisha Y Pinker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Seiko Narushima
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | | | - Manabu Nagayama
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Wael Elhenawy
- Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian K Coombes
- Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ronaldo P Ferraris
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neurosciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Kenya Honda
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Iliyan D Iliev
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and The Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Pamela J Bjorkman
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
| | - Ivaylo I Ivanov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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