1
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Weidner P, Saar D, Söhn M, Schroeder T, Yu Y, Zöllner FG, Ponelies N, Zhou X, Zwicky A, Rohrbacher FN, Pattabiraman VR, Tanriver M, Bauer A, Ahmed H, Ametamey SM, Riffel P, Seger R, Bode JW, Wade RC, Ebert MPA, Kragelund BB, Burgermeister E. Myotubularin-related-protein-7 inhibits mutant (G12V) K-RAS by direct interaction. Cancer Lett 2024; 588:216783. [PMID: 38462034 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Inhibition of K-RAS effectors like B-RAF or MEK1/2 is accompanied by treatment resistance in cancer patients via re-activation of PI3K and Wnt signaling. We hypothesized that myotubularin-related-protein-7 (MTMR7), which inhibits PI3K and ERK1/2 signaling downstream of RAS, directly targets RAS and thereby prevents resistance. Using cell and structural biology combined with animal studies, we show that MTMR7 binds and inhibits RAS at cellular membranes. Overexpression of MTMR7 reduced RAS GTPase activities and protein levels, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, c-FOS transcription and cancer cell proliferation in vitro. We located the RAS-inhibitory activity of MTMR7 to its charged coiled coil (CC) region and demonstrate direct interaction with the gastrointestinal cancer-relevant K-RASG12V mutant, favouring its GDP-bound state. In mouse models of gastric and intestinal cancer, a cell-permeable MTMR7-CC mimicry peptide decreased tumour growth, Ki67 proliferation index and ERK1/2 nuclear positivity. Thus, MTMR7 mimicry peptide(s) could provide a novel strategy for targeting mutant K-RAS in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Weidner
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Daniel Saar
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory (SBiNLab) and the Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michaela Söhn
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Torsten Schroeder
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yanxiong Yu
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Frank G Zöllner
- Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Institute for Intelligent Systems in Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Cooperative Core Facility Animal Scanner ZI, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Ponelies
- Orthopaedics & Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - André Zwicky
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience of ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian N Rohrbacher
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience of ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vijaya R Pattabiraman
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience of ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Tanriver
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience of ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Bauer
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory (SBiNLab) and the Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hazem Ahmed
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences of ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon M Ametamey
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences of ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Riffel
- Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rony Seger
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jeffrey W Bode
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience of ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca C Wade
- Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg University, Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, and Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias P A Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; DKFZ-Hector Institute at the University Medical Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Birthe B Kragelund
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory (SBiNLab) and the Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
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Yu Y, Farooq MS, Eberhart Meessen S, Jiang Y, Kato D, Zhan T, Weiss C, Seger R, Kang W, Zhang X, Yu J, Ebert MPA, Burgermeister E. Nuclear pore protein POM121 regulates subcellular localization and transcriptional activity of PPARγ. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:7. [PMID: 38177114 PMCID: PMC10766976 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06371-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Manipulation of the subcellular localization of transcription factors by preventing their shuttling via the nuclear pore complex (NPC) emerges as a novel therapeutic strategy against cancer. One transmembrane component of the NPC is POM121, encoded by a tandem gene locus POM121A/C on chromosome 7. Overexpression of POM121 is associated with metabolic diseases (e.g., diabetes) and unfavorable clinical outcome in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) is a transcription factor with anti-diabetic and anti-tumoral efficacy. It is inhibited by export from the nucleus to the cytosol via the RAS-RAF-MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway, a major oncogenic driver of CRC. We therefore hypothesized that POM121 participates in the transport of PPARγ across the NPC to regulate its transcriptional activity on genes involved in metabolic and tumor control. We found that POM121A/C mRNA was enriched and POM121 protein co-expressed with PPARγ in tissues from CRC patients conferring poor prognosis. Its interactome was predicted to include proteins responsible for tumor metabolism and immunity, and in-silico modeling provided insights into potential 3D structures of POM121. A peptide region downstream of the nuclear localization sequence (NLS) of POM121 was identified as a cytoplasmic interactor of PPARγ. POM121 positivity correlated with the cytoplasmic localization of PPARγ in patients with KRAS mutant CRC. In contrast, POM121A/C silencing by CRISPR/Cas9 sgRNA or siRNA enforced nuclear accumulation of PPARγ and activated PPARγ target genes promoting lipid metabolism and cell cycle arrest resulting in reduced proliferation of human CRC cells. Our data suggest the POM121-PPARγ axis as a potential drugable target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiong Yu
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mohammad S Farooq
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sabine Eberhart Meessen
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yidan Jiang
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dominik Kato
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tianzuo Zhan
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christel Weiss
- Department of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rony Seger
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Matthias P A Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- DKFZ-Hector Institute, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Healthy Metabolism, Center of Preventive Medicine and Digital Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Cancer Center (MCC), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
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3
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Burgermeister E. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Exploratory Nuclear Receptor Crosstalk in Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14546. [PMID: 37833991 PMCID: PMC10572424 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The three major mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways (ERK1/2, p38, and JNK/SAPK) are upstream regulators of the nuclear receptor superfamily (NRSF). These ligand-activated transcription factors are divided into subclasses comprising receptors for endocrine hormones, metabolic compounds (e.g., vitamins, diet), xenobiotics, and mediators released from host immune reactions such as tissue injury and inflammation. These internal and external cues place the NRSF at the frontline as sensors and translators of information from the environment towards the genome. For most of the former "orphan" receptors, physiological and synthetic ligands have been identified, opening intriguing opportunities for combination therapies with existing cancer medications. Hitherto, only preclinical data are available, warranting further validation in clinical trials in patients. The current review summarized the existing literature covering the expression and function of NRSF subclasses in human solid tumors and hematopoietic malignancies and their modulatory effects on innate (e.g., macrophages, dendritic cells) and adaptive (i.e., T cell subsets) immune cells, encouraging mechanistic and pharmacological studies in combination with current clinically approved therapeutics against immune checkpoint molecules (e.g., PD1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
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Burgermeister E. Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Nuclear Hormone Receptor Crosstalk in Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13661. [PMID: 37686465 PMCID: PMC10488039 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The three major MAP-kinase (MAPK) pathways, ERK1/2, p38 and JNK/SAPK, are upstream regulators of the nuclear "hormone" receptor superfamily (NHRSF), with a prime example given by the estrogen receptor in breast cancer. These ligand-activated transcription factors exert non-genomic and genomic functions, where they are either post-translationally modified by phosphorylation or directly interact with components of the MAPK pathways, events that govern their transcriptional activity towards target genes involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, metabolism and host immunity. This molecular crosstalk takes place not only in normal epithelial or tumor cells, but also in a plethora of immune cells from the adaptive and innate immune system in the tumor-stroma tissue microenvironment. Thus, the drugability of both the MAPK and the NHRSF pathways suggests potential for intervention therapies, especially for cancer immunotherapy. This review summarizes the existing literature covering the expression and function of NHRSF subclasses in human tumors, both solid and leukemias, and their effects in combination with current clinically approved therapeutics against immune checkpoint molecules (e.g., PD1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
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5
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Wang S, Feng R, Wang SS, Liu H, Shao C, Li Y, Link F, Munker S, Liebe R, Meyer C, Burgermeister E, Ebert M, Dooley S, Ding H, Weng H. FOXA2 prevents hyperbilirubinaemia in acute liver failure by maintaining apical MRP2 expression. Gut 2023; 72:549-559. [PMID: 35444014 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-326987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) is a bottleneck in bilirubin excretion. Its loss is sufficient to induce hyperbilirubinaemia, a prevailing characteristic of acute liver failure (ALF) that is closely associated with clinical outcome. This study scrutinises the transcriptional regulation of MRP2 under different pathophysiological conditions. DESIGN Hepatic MRP2, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and Forkhead box A2 (FOXA2) expression and clinicopathologic associations were examined by immunohistochemistry in 14 patients with cirrhosis and 22 patients with ALF. MRP2 regulatory mechanisms were investigated in primary hepatocytes, Fxr -/- mice and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice. RESULTS Physiologically, homeostatic MRP2 transcription is mediated by the nuclear receptor FXR/retinoid X receptor complex. Fxr-/- mice lack apical MRP2 expression and rapidly progress into hyperbilirubinaemia. In patients with ALF, hepatic FXR expression is undetectable, however, patients without infection maintain apical MRP2 expression and do not suffer from hyperbilirubinaemia. These patients express FOXA2 in hepatocytes. FOXA2 upregulates MRP2 transcription through binding to its promoter. Physiologically, nuclear FOXA2 translocation is inhibited by insulin. In ALF, high levels of glucagon and tumour necrosis factor α induce FOXA2 expression and nuclear translocation in hepatocytes. Impressively, ALF patients with sepsis express low levels of FOXA2, lose MRP2 expression and develop severe hyperbilirubinaemia. In this case, LPS inhibits FXR expression, induces FOXA2 nuclear exclusion and thus abrogates the compensatory MRP2 upregulation. In both Fxr -/- and LPS-treated mice, ectopic FOXA2 expression restored apical MRP2 expression and normalised serum bilirubin levels. CONCLUSION FOXA2 replaces FXR to maintain MRP2 expression in ALF without sepsis. Ectopic FOXA2 expression to maintain MRP2 represents a potential strategy to prevent hyperbilirubinaemia in septic ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Wang
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rilu Feng
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Shan Shan Wang
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Pathology, Beijing You'an Hospital, Affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Shao
- Department of Pathology, Beijing You'an Hospital, Affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujia Li
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Frederik Link
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Munker
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU, Munich, Germany
- Liver Center Munich, University Hospital, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Roman Liebe
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Centre, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Meyer
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Healthy Metabolism, Center of Preventive Medicine and Digital Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Steven Dooley
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Huiguo Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing You'an Hospital, Affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Honglei Weng
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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6
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Huang Z, Li Y, Park H, Ho M, Bhardwaj K, Sugimura N, Lee HW, Meng H, Ebert MP, Chao K, Burgermeister E, Bhatt AP, Shetty SA, Li K, Wen W, Zuo T. Unveiling and harnessing the human gut microbiome in the rising burden of non-communicable diseases during urbanization. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2237645. [PMID: 37498052 PMCID: PMC10376922 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2237645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The world is witnessing a global increase in the urban population, particularly in developing Asian and African countries. Concomitantly, the global burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is rising, markedly associated with the changing landscape of lifestyle and environment during urbanization. Accumulating studies have revealed the role of the gut microbiome in regulating the immune and metabolic homeostasis of the host, which potentially bridges external factors to the host (patho-)physiology. In this review, we discuss the rising incidences of NCDs during urbanization and their links to the compositional and functional dysbiosis of the gut microbiome. In particular, we elucidate the effects of urbanization-associated factors (hygiene/pollution, urbanized diet, lifestyles, the use of antibiotics, and early life exposure) on the gut microbiome underlying the pathogenesis of NCDs. We also discuss the potential and feasibility of microbiome-inspired and microbiome-targeted approaches as novel avenues to counteract NCDs, including fecal microbiota transplantation, diet modulation, probiotics, postbiotics, synbiotics, celobiotics, and precision antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Biomedical Innovation Centre, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Biomedical Innovation Centre, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heekuk Park
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Centre, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin Ho
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kanchan Bhardwaj
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Haryana, India
| | - Naoki Sugimura
- Gastrointestinal Centre and Institute of Minimally-Invasive Endoscopic Care (iMEC), Sano Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Huicui Meng
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition Translation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Matthias P. Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Cancer Centre (MCC), University Medical Centre Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kang Chao
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Aadra P. Bhatt
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, and the Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sudarshan A. Shetty
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kai Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiping Wen
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Biomedical Innovation Centre, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Biomedical Innovation Centre, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Hinsenkamp I, Köhler JP, Flächsenhaar C, Hitkova I, Meessen SE, Gaiser T, Wieland T, Weiss C, Röcken C, Mowat M, Quante M, Taxauer K, Mejias-Luque R, Gerhard M, Vogelmann R, Meindl-Beinker N, Ebert M, Burgermeister E. Functional antagonism between CagA and DLC1 in gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:358. [PMID: 35963849 PMCID: PMC9376073 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01134-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter (H.) pylori-induced gastritis is a risk factor for gastric cancer (GC). Deleted-in-liver-cancer-1 (DLC1/ARHGAP7) inhibits RHOA, a downstream mediator of virulence factor cytotoxin-A (CagA) signalling and driver of consensus-molecular-subtype-2 diffuse GC. DLC1 located to enterochromaffin-like and MIST1+ stem/chief cells in the stomach. DLC1+ cells were reduced in H. pylori gastritis and GC, and in mice infected with H. pylori. DLC1 positivity inversely correlated with tumour progression in patients. GC cells retained an N-terminal truncation variant DLC1v4 in contrast to full-length DLC1v1 in non-neoplastic tissues. H. pylori and CagA downregulated DLC1v1/4 promoter activities. DLC1v1/4 inhibited cell migration and counteracted CagA-driven stress phenotypes enforcing focal adhesion. CagA and DLC1 interacted via their N- and C-terminal domains, proposing that DLC1 protects against H. pylori by neutralising CagA. H. pylori-induced DLC1 loss is an early molecular event, which makes it a potential marker or target for subtype-aware cancer prevention or therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Hinsenkamp
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jan P Köhler
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Flächsenhaar
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ivana Hitkova
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sabine Eberhart Meessen
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Timo Gaiser
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Wieland
- Experimental Pharmacology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christel Weiss
- Department of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Institute of Pathology, Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Mowat
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Michael Quante
- Department of Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karin Taxauer
- Institute for Med. Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Raquel Mejias-Luque
- Institute for Med. Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Gerhard
- Institute for Med. Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Roger Vogelmann
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nadja Meindl-Beinker
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,DKFZ-Hector Institute at the University Medical Center, Mannheim, Germany.,Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Unit Healthy Metabolism, Center of Preventive Medicine and Digital Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Mannheim Cancer Center (MCC), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
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8
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Cao Z, Sugimura N, Burgermeister E, Ebert MP, Zuo T, Lan P. The gut virome: A new microbiome component in health and disease. EBioMedicine 2022; 81:104113. [PMID: 35753153 PMCID: PMC9240800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract harbours an abundance of viruses, collectively known as the gut virome. The gut virome is highly heterogeneous across populations and is linked to geography, ethnicity, diet, lifestyle, and urbanisation. The currently known function of the gut virome varies greatly across human populations, and much remains unknown. We review current literature on the human gut virome, and the intricate trans-kingdom interplay among gut viruses, bacteria, and the mammalian host underlying health and diseases. We summarise evidence on the use of the gut virome as diagnostic markers and a therapeutic target. We shed light on novel avenues of microbiome-inspired diagnosis and therapies. We also review pre-clinical and clinical studies on gut virome-rectification-based therapies, including faecal microbiota transplantation, faecal virome transplantation, and refined phage therapy. Our review suggests that future research effort should focus on unravelling the mechanisms exerted by gut viruses/phages in human pathophysiology, and on developing phage-prompted precision therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Cao
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Centre for Faecal Microbiota Transplantation Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Naoki Sugimura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias P Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Cancer Centre (MCC), University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tao Zuo
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Centre for Faecal Microbiota Transplantation Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ping Lan
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Centre for Faecal Microbiota Transplantation Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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9
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Bamberg LV, Heigwer F, Wandmacher AM, Singh A, Betge J, Rindtorff N, Werner J, Josten J, Skabkina OV, Hinsenkamp I, Erdmann G, Röcken C, Ebert MP, Burgermeister E, Zhan T, Boutros M. Targeting euchromatic histone lysine methyltransferases sensitizes colorectal cancer to histone deacetylase inhibitors. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:1586-1601. [PMID: 35666536 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic dysregulation is an important feature of colorectal cancer (CRC). Combining epigenetic drugs with other antineoplastic agents is a promising treatment strategy for advanced cancers. Here, we exploited the concept of synthetic lethality to identify epigenetic targets that act synergistically with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors to reduce the growth of CRC. We applied a pooled CRISPR-Cas9 screen using a custom sgRNA library directed against 614 epigenetic regulators and discovered that knockout of the euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferases 1 and 2 (EHMT1/2) strongly enhanced the antiproliferative effect of clinically used HDAC inhibitors. Using tissue microarrays from 1066 CRC samples with different tumor stages, we showed that low EHMT2 protein expression is predominantly found in advanced CRC and associated with poor clinical outcome. Co-targeting of HDAC and EHMT1/2 with specific small molecule inhibitors synergistically reduced proliferation of CRC cell lines. Mechanistically, we used a high-throughput Western blot assay to demonstrate that both inhibitors elicited distinct cellular mechanisms to reduce tumor growth, including cell cycle arrest and modulation of autophagy. On the epigenetic level, the compounds increased H3K9 acetylation and reduced H3K9 dimethylation. Finally, we used a panel of patient-derived CRC organoids to show that HDAC and EHMT1/2 inhibition synergistically reduced tumor viability in advanced models of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonhard Valentin Bamberg
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Internal Medicine II, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Florian Heigwer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Maxi Wandmacher
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ambika Singh
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Betge
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Internal Medicine II, Mannheim, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Junior Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology and Preclinical Models, Heidelberg, Germany.,DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Niklas Rindtorff
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Werner
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Josten
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olga Valerievna Skabkina
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Internal Medicine II, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Isabel Hinsenkamp
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Internal Medicine II, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Röcken
- Christian-Albrechts University, Department of Pathology, Schleswig-Holstein University Hospital, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias P Ebert
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Internal Medicine II, Mannheim, Germany.,DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Internal Medicine II, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tianzuo Zhan
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Internal Medicine II, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Boutros
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Div. Signaling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, Dept. Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
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10
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Betge J, Rindtorff N, Sauer J, Rauscher B, Dingert C, Gaitantzi H, Herweck F, Srour-Mhanna K, Miersch T, Valentini E, Boonekamp KE, Hauber V, Gutting T, Frank L, Belle S, Gaiser T, Buchholz I, Jesenofsky R, Härtel N, Zhan T, Fischer B, Breitkopf-Heinlein K, Burgermeister E, Ebert MP, Boutros M. The drug-induced phenotypic landscape of colorectal cancer organoids. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3135. [PMID: 35668108 PMCID: PMC9170716 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30722-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived organoids resemble the biology of tissues and tumors, enabling ex vivo modeling of human diseases. They have heterogeneous morphologies with unclear biological causes and relationship to treatment response. Here, we use high-throughput, image-based profiling to quantify phenotypes of over 5 million individual colorectal cancer organoids after treatment with >500 small molecules. Integration of data using multi-omics modeling identifies axes of morphological variation across organoids: Organoid size is linked to IGF1 receptor signaling, and cystic vs. solid organoid architecture is associated with LGR5 + stemness. Treatment-induced organoid morphology reflects organoid viability, drug mechanism of action, and is biologically interpretable. Inhibition of MEK leads to cystic reorganization of organoids and increases expression of LGR5, while inhibition of mTOR induces IGF1 receptor signaling. In conclusion, we identify shared axes of variation for colorectal cancer organoid morphology, their underlying biological mechanisms, and pharmacological interventions with the ability to move organoids along them. The heterogeneity underlying cancer organoid phenotypes is not yet well understood. Here, the authors develop an imaging analysis assay for high throughput phenotypic screening of colorectal organoids that allows to define specific morphological changes that occur following different drug treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Betge
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, and Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg University, Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Junior Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology and Preclinical Models, Heidelberg, Germany.,DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Mannheim Cancer Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Niklas Rindtorff
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, and Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Sauer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, and Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Computational Genome Biology Group, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Rauscher
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, and Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Clara Dingert
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, and Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Haristi Gaitantzi
- Heidelberg University, Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Mannheim Cancer Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Frank Herweck
- Heidelberg University, Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Mannheim Cancer Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kauthar Srour-Mhanna
- Heidelberg University, Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Junior Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology and Preclinical Models, Heidelberg, Germany.,DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thilo Miersch
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, and Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Erica Valentini
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, and Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kim E Boonekamp
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, and Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Veronika Hauber
- Heidelberg University, Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Mannheim Cancer Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Gutting
- Heidelberg University, Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Mannheim Cancer Center, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Larissa Frank
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, and Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Belle
- Heidelberg University, Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Mannheim Cancer Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Timo Gaiser
- Mannheim Cancer Center, Mannheim, Germany.,Heidelberg University, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Inga Buchholz
- Heidelberg University, Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Mannheim Cancer Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ralf Jesenofsky
- Heidelberg University, Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Mannheim Cancer Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nicolai Härtel
- Heidelberg University, Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Mannheim Cancer Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tianzuo Zhan
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, and Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Heidelberg, Germany.,Heidelberg University, Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Mannheim Cancer Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bernd Fischer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Computational Genome Biology Group, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katja Breitkopf-Heinlein
- Heidelberg University, Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Mannheim Cancer Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Heidelberg University, Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Mannheim Cancer Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias P Ebert
- Heidelberg University, Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany. .,DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany. .,Mannheim Cancer Center, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Michael Boutros
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, and Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Heidelberg, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.
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11
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Ebert MP, Meindl-Beinker NM, Gutting T, Maenz M, Betge J, Schulte N, Zhan T, Weidner P, Burgermeister E, Hofheinz R, Vogel A, Angermeier S, Bolling C, de Wit M, Jakobs R, Karthaus M, Stocker G, Thuss-Patience P, Leidig T, Gaiser T, Kather JN, Haertel N. Second-line therapy with nivolumab plus ipilimumab for older patients with oesophageal squamous cell cancer (RAMONA): a multicentre, open-label phase 2 trial. Lancet Healthy Longev 2022; 3:e417-e427. [PMID: 36098320 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(22)00116-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The overall survival of patients with advanced and refractory oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, mostly aged 65 years and older, is poor. Treatment with PD-1 antibodies showed improved progression-free survival and overall survival. We assessed the safety and efficacy of combined nivolumab and ipilimumab therapy in this population. METHODS This multicentre, open-label, phase 2 trial done in 32 sites in Germany included patients aged 65 years and older with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma and disease progression or recurrence following first-line therapy. Patients were treated with nivolumab (240 mg fixed dose once every 2 weeks, intravenously) in the safety run-in phase and continued with nivolumab and ipilimumab (nivolumab 240 mg fixed dose once every 2 weeks and ipilimumab 1 mg/kg once every 6 weeks, intravenously). The primary endpoint was overall survival, which was compared with a historical cohort receiving standard chemotherapy in the intention-to-treat population. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03416244. FINDINGS Between March 2, 2018, and Aug 20, 2020, we screened 75 patients with advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. We enrolled 66 patients (50 [76%] men and 16 [24%] women; median age 70·5 years [IQR 67·0-76·0]), 44 (67%) of whom received combined nivolumab and ipilimumab therapy and 22 (33%) received nivolumab alone. Median overall survival time at the prespecified data cutoff was 7·2 months (95% CI 5·7-12·4) and significantly higher than in a historical cohort receiving standard chemotherapy (p=0·0063). The most common treatment-related adverse events were fatigue (12 [29%] of 42), nausea (11 [26%]), and diarrhoea (ten [24%]). Grade 3-5 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 13 (20%) of 66 patients. Treatment-related death occurred in one patient with bronchiolitis obliterans while on nivolumab and ipilimumab treatment. INTERPRETATION Patients aged at least 65 years, with advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma might benefit from combined nivolumab and ipilimumab therapy in second-line treatment. FUNDING Bristol Myers Squibb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias P Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Cancer Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Nadja M Meindl-Beinker
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Cancer Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Gutting
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Cancer Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Betge
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Cancer Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany; Junior Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology and Preclinical Models, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nadine Schulte
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Cancer Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tianzuo Zhan
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Cancer Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Philip Weidner
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Cancer Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Cancer Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ralf Hofheinz
- Interdisciplinary Tumor Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arndt Vogel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology und Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Angermeier
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Klinikum Ludwigsburg, Ludwigsburg, Germany
| | - Claus Bolling
- Department of Internal Medicine, Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus Frankfurt, Diakonie Kliniken, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maike de Wit
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Jakobs
- Department of Medicine C, Klinikum der Stadt Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Meinolf Karthaus
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Klinikum Neuperlach, Munich, Germany
| | - Gertraud Stocker
- University Cancer Center, University Medicine Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Thuss-Patience
- Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Timo Gaiser
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jakob N Kather
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicolai Haertel
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Mannheim Cancer Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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12
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Zhong R, Zhang F, Yang Z, Li Y, Xu Q, Lan H, Lang S, Cyganek L, Burgermeister E, El-Battrawy I, Zhou X, Akin I, Borggrefe M. Regulation of Ion Channel Function in Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes by Cancer Cell Secretion Through DNA Methylation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:839104. [PMID: 35265687 PMCID: PMC8899119 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.839104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac dysfunction including arrhythmias appear frequently in patients with cancers, which are expected to be caused mainly by cardiotoxic effects of chemotherapy. Experimental studies investigating the effects of cancer cell secretion without chemotherapy on ion channel function in human cardiomyocytes are still lacking. Methods The human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) generated from three healthy donors were treated with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer (AGS and SW480 cells) medium for 48 h. The qPCR, patch-clamp, western blotting, immunostaining, dot blotting, bisulfite sequence, and overexpression of the ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzyme were performed for the study. Results After treated with cancer cell secretion, the maximum depolarization velocity and the action potential amplitude were reduced, the action potential duration prolonged, peak Na+ current, and the transient outward current were decreased, late Na+ and the slowly activating delayed rectifier K+ current were increased. Changes of mRNA and protein level of respective channels were detected along with altered DNA methylation level in CpG island in the promoter regions of ion channel genes and increased protein levels of DNA methyltransferases. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor attenuated and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) mimicked the effects of cancer cell secretion. Conclusions GI cancer cell secretion could induce ion channel dysfunction, which may contribute to occurrence of arrhythmias in cancer patients. The ion channel dysfunction could result from DNA methylation of ion channel genes via activation of TGF-β/PI3K signaling. This study may provide new insights into pathogenesis of arrhythmia in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujia Zhong
- First Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Feng Zhang
- First Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Zhen Yang
- First Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yingrui Li
- First Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Qiang Xu
- First Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Huan Lan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Siegfried Lang
- First Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lukas Cyganek
- Stem Cell Unit, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Second Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ibrahim El-Battrawy
- First Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- First Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Mannheim, Germany
- *Correspondence: Xiaobo Zhou
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- First Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin Borggrefe
- First Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site, Mannheim, Germany
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13
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Gutting T, Merkel A, Fink DJ, Hetjens S, Weidner P, Yu Y, Kähler G, Ebert MP, Gaiser T, Burgermeister E, Belle S. Expression of the EGFR-RAS Inhibitory Proteins DOK1 and MTMR7 and its Significance in Colorectal Adenoma and Adenoma Recurrence. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2021; 30:446-455. [PMID: 34941983 DOI: 10.15403/jgld-3681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Colorectal adenomas are precursor lesions for colorectal cancer (CRC), a major cause of cancer-related death. Despite all molecular insights, there are still unknown variables in the development of CRC as well as uncertainties regarding adenoma recurrence after resection. We aimed to characterize the expression of docking protein 1 (DOK1) and myotubularin-related protein 7 (MTMR7), which share inhibiting functions on EGFR-RAS-signalling, a major oncogenic driver in CRC, and their association with clinical variables and adenoma recurrence. METHODS This observational study is based on clinical data obtained from patients who underwent routine endoscopy and consecutive follow-up examinations. Immunohistochemistry was conducted both in dysplastic tissue and adjacent non-dysplastic mucosa followed by microscopical assessment. Recurrence was differentiated between local, segmental and distant relapse. RESULTS A total of 56 patients (23 females) gathering 96 adenomas/polyps were included. 36 patients experienced a metachronous lesion, 23 patients had simultaneous lesions in their index endoscopy. Female patients showed lower levels of MTMR7 in adenomas (p=0.0318). Adenomas of young patients showed lower DOK1 than those of older patients (p=0.0469). Big adenomas showed a higher expression of DOK1 than small lesions (p=0.0044). In serrated lesions, DOK1 was reduced (p=0.0026) and correlated with the quantity of lesions (p < 0.001). MTMR7 was significantly reduced in distant (p=0.05) and local segmental recurrence (p=0.0362), while DOK1 showed higher expression in recurrence (p=0.0291). CONCLUSIONS We found ambivalent results regarding the role of the markers as potential tumor suppressors, implying a context-dependent function of these molecules which might change in the course of time. DOK1 may play an inhibiting role in the serrated pathway. Remarkably, molecular markers have the potential to predict recurrence, since a combined expression analysis of high DOK1 and low MTMR7 correlated with the likelihood of segmental adenoma recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Gutting
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg; 2) Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Merkel
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - David J Fink
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Svetlana Hetjens
- Department of Medical Statistics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Philip Weidner
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg.
| | - Yanxiong Yu
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georg Kähler
- Central Interdisciplinary Endoscopy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Matthias P Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Timo Gaiser
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Belle
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg; Central Interdisciplinary Endoscopy, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
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Gutting T, Hauber V, Pahl J, Klapproth K, Wu W, Dobrota I, Herweck F, Reichling J, Helm L, Schroeder T, Li B, Weidner P, Zhan T, Eckardt M, Betge J, Belle S, Sticht C, Gaiser T, Boutros M, Ebert MP, Cerwenka A, Burgermeister E. PPARγ induces PD-L1 expression in MSS+ colorectal cancer cells. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1906500. [PMID: 34026331 PMCID: PMC8115557 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1906500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Only a small subset of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients benefits from immunotherapies, comprising blocking antibodies (Abs) against checkpoint receptor "programmed-cell-death-1" (PD1) and its ligand (PD-L1), because most cases lack the required mutational burden and neo-antigen load caused by microsatellite instability (MSI) and/or an inflamed, immune cell-infiltrated PD-L1+ tumor microenvironment. Peroxisome proliferator-activated-receptor-gamma (PPARγ), a metabolic transcription factor stimulated by anti-diabetic drugs, has been previously implicated in pre/clinical responses to immunotherapy. We therefore raised the hypothesis that PPARγ induces PD-L1 on microsatellite stable (MSS) tumor cells to enhance Ab-target engagement and responsiveness to PD-L1 blockage. We found that PPARγ-agonists upregulate PD-L1 mRNA/protein expression in human gastrointestinal cancer cell lines and MSS+ patient-derived tumor organoids (PDOs). Mechanistically, PPARγ bound to and activated DNA-motifs similar to cognate PPARγ-responsive-elements (PPREs) in the proximal -2 kb promoter of the human PD-L1 gene. PPARγ-agonist reduced proliferation and viability of tumor cells in co-cultures with PD-L1 blocking Ab and lymphokine-activated killer cells (LAK) derived from the peripheral blood of CRC patients or healthy donors. Thus, metabolic modifiers improved the antitumoral response of immune checkpoint Ab, proposing novel therapeutic strategies for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Gutting
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Veronika Hauber
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jens Pahl
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kay Klapproth
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wenyue Wu
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ioana Dobrota
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Frank Herweck
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane Reichling
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Laura Helm
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Torsten Schroeder
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Beifang Li
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Philip Weidner
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tianzuo Zhan
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Maximilian Eckardt
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Betge
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Junior Clinical Cooperation Unit Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology and Preclinical Models (B440), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Belle
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Center for Medical Research (ZMF), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Timo Gaiser
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Boutros
- Division Signaling and Functional Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias P.A. Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center of Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Adelheid Cerwenka
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center of Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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15
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Li T, Li B, Sara A, Ay C, Leung WY, Zhang Y, Dong Y, Liang Q, Zhang X, Weidner P, Gutting T, Behrens HM, Röcken C, Sung JJ, Ebert MP, Yu J, Burgermeister E. Docking protein-1 promotes inflammatory macrophage signaling in gastric cancer. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:e1649961. [PMID: 31646096 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1649961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Docking protein-1 (DOK1) is a tumor suppressor frequently lost in malignant cells, however, it retains the ability to control activities of immune receptors in adjacent stroma cells of the tumor microenvironment. We therefore hypothesized that addressing DOK1 may be useful for cancer immunotherapy. DOK1 mRNA and DOK1 protein expression were downregulated in tumor cells of gastric cancer patients (n = 249). Conversely, its expression was up-regulated in cases positive for Epstein Barr Virus (EBV+) together with genes related to macrophage biology and targets of clinical immunotherapy such as programmed-cell-death-ligand-1 (PD-L1). Notably, high DOK1 positivity in stroma cells conferred poor prognosis in patients and correlated with high levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase in CD68+ tumor-associated macrophages. In macrophages derived from human monocytic leukemia cell lines, DOK1 (i) was inducible by agonists of the anti-diabetic transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), (ii) increased polarization towards an inflammatory phenotype, (iii) augmented nuclear factor-κB-dependent transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines and (iv) reduced PD-L1 expression. These properties empowered DOK1+ macrophages to decrease the viability of human gastric cancer cells in contact-dependent co-cultures. DOK1 also reduced PD-L1 expression in human primary blood monocytes. Our data propose that the drugability of DOK1 may be exploited to reprogram myeloid cells and enforce the innate immune response against EBV+ human gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Dept. of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Beifang Li
- Dept. of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Asgharpour Sara
- Dept. of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christine Ay
- Dept. of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wing Yan Leung
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanquan Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yujuan Dong
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiaoyi Liang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Philip Weidner
- Dept. of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Gutting
- Dept. of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Röcken
- Dept. of Pathology, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Joseph Jy Sung
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Matthias P Ebert
- Dept. of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Dept. of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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16
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Burgermeister E, Battaglin F, Eladly F, Wu W, Herweck F, Schulte N, Betge J, Härtel N, Kather JN, Weis CA, Gaiser T, Marx A, Weiss C, Hofheinz R, Miller IS, Loupakis F, Lenz HJ, Byrne AT, Ebert MP. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like (ARNTL/BMAL1) is associated with bevacizumab resistance in colorectal cancer via regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor A. EBioMedicine 2019; 45:139-154. [PMID: 31300350 PMCID: PMC6642438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of new biomarkers and the development of novel, targetable contexts of vulnerability are of urgent clinical need in drug-resistant metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Aryl-Hydrocarbon-Receptor-Nuclear-Translocator-Like (ARNTL/BMAL1) is a circadian clock-regulated transcription factor promoting expression of genes involved in angiogenesis and tumour progression. We hypothesised that BMAL1 increases expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor A VEGFA gene and, thereby, confers resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy with bevacizumab (Beva), a clinically used antibody for neutralization of VEGFA. METHODS PCR and immunohistochemistry were employed to assess BMAL1 expression in mice (C57BL/6 J Apcmin/+; BALB/c nu/nu xenografts) and CRC patients under combination chemotherapy with Beva. BMAL1 single nucleotide gene polymorphisms (SNPs) were analysed by DNA-microarray in clinical samples. BMAL1 functions were studied in human CRC cell lines using colorimetric growth, DNA-binding and reporter assays. FINDINGS In murine CRCs, high BMAL1 expression correlated with poor preclinical response to Beva treatment. In CRC patients' tumours (n = 74), high BMAL1 expression was associated with clinical non-response to combination chemotherapy with Beva (*p = .0061) and reduced progression-free survival (PFS) [*p = .0223, Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.69]. BMAL1 SNPs also correlated with shorter PFS (rs7396943, rs7938307, rs2279287) and overall survival (OS) [rs11022780, *p = .014, HR = 1.61]. Mechanistically, Nuclear-Receptor-Subfamily-1-Group-D-Member-1 (NR1D1/REVERBA) bound a - 672 bp Retinoic-Acid-Receptor-Related-Orphan-Receptor-Alpha-responsive-element (RORE) adjacent to a BMAL1 DNA-binding motif (E-box) in the VEGFA gene promoter, resulting in increased VEGFA synthesis and proliferation of human CRC cell lines. INTERPRETATION BMAL1 was associated with Beva resistance in CRC. Inhibition of REVERBA-BMAL1 signalling may prevent resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. FUND: This work was in part supported by the European Commission Seventh Framework Programme (Contract No. 278981 [ANGIOPREDICT]).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Francesca Battaglin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, CA, United States; Unit of Medical Oncology 1, Clinical and Experimental Oncology Department, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Fagr Eladly
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wen Wu
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Frank Herweck
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nadine Schulte
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Betge
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nicolai Härtel
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jakob N Kather
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Hepatobiliary Oncology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Cleo-Aron Weis
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Timo Gaiser
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alexander Marx
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christel Weiss
- Department of Medical Statistics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ralf Hofheinz
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ian S Miller
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fotios Loupakis
- Unit of Medical Oncology 1, Clinical and Experimental Oncology Department, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, CA, United States
| | - Annette T Byrne
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Matthias P Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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17
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Weidner P, Boettche D, Zimmerer T, Burgermeister E, Teufel A, Ebert MPA, Antoni C. Impact of direct acting antiviral (DAA) treatment on glucose metabolism and reduction of pre-diabetes in patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2019; 27:281-289. [PMID: 30240472 DOI: 10.15403/jgld.2014.1121.273.daa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM With the development of direct acting antiviral agents (DAA) chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has become curable in most patients. Since HCV infection is known to have direct and/or indirect effects on glucose metabolism, successful HCV treatment may have an impact in reducing glucose level, pre-diabetes, the need of treatment for diabetes, and ultimately diabetes-associated morbidity. We investigated the association of DAA treatment and glucose metabolism in the context of development or resolution of hepatic fibrosis in a large cohort of HCV- infected patients. METHODS In this retrospective single-center observational study, we investigated 281 patients receiving all-oral DAA therapy for fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, liver enzymes and general clinical chemistry, measured during a 52-week follow-up. In addition, elastography, FIB-4- and APRI-calculation were used to assess hepatic fibrosis non-invasively. RESULTS Successful elimination of HCV through DAA treatment was associated with a significant drop in fasting glucose level and a reduced rate of impaired fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Interestingly, this metabolic change was BMI-independent. In addition, long-term glucose levels also decreased after successful DAA treatment. A significant APRI-score reduction was associated with a persistent improvement of FPG. However, DAA did not have an impact on glucose metabolism in patients suffering from liver cirrhosis. CONCLUSION This study highlights the beneficial impact of successful HCV therapy on glucose metabolism and identifies patients with liver cirrhosis as a collective in need of intensified surveillance with regard to diabetes progression despite HCV eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Weidner
- Dept. of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Dominik Boettche
- Dept. of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Zimmerer
- Clinic of Internal Medicine, Center of Gastroenterology, East-Tallinn Central Hospital, 10138 Tallinn, Estland
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Dept. of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Teufel
- Dept. of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias P A Ebert
- Dept. of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Antoni
- Dept. of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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18
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Meindl-Beinker NM, Betge J, Gutting T, Burgermeister E, Belle S, Zhan T, Schulte N, Maenz M, Ebert MP, Haertel N. A multicenter open-label phase II trial to evaluate nivolumab and ipilimumab for 2nd line therapy in elderly patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell cancer (RAMONA). BMC Cancer 2019; 19:231. [PMID: 30871493 PMCID: PMC6419339 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Advanced esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is frequently diagnosed in elderly patients. The impact of 2nd line chemotherapy is poorly defined. Recent data demonstrated effectiveness of checkpoint inhibitors in different squamous cell carcinomas. Therefore, we assess combined nivolumab/ipilimumab as 2nd line therapy in elderly ESCC patients. Methods RAMONA is a multicenter open-label phase II trial. The primary objective is to demonstrate a significant survival benefit of nivolumab/ipilimumab in advanced ESCC compared to historical data of standard chemotherapy. Primary endpoint is therefore overall survival (OS). Major secondary objective is the evaluation of tolerability. Time to QoL deterioration will thus be determined as key secondary endpoint. Further secondary endpoints are tumor response, PFS and safety. We aim to recruit a total of n = 75 subjects that have to be > 65 years old. Eligibility is determined by the geriatric status (G8 screening and Deficit Accumulation Frailty Index (DAFI)). A safety assessment will be performed after a 3 cycle run-in phase of nivolumab (240 mg Q2W) to justify escalation for eligible patients to combined nivolumab (240 mg Q2W) and ipilimumab (1 mg/kg Q6W), while the other patients will remain on nivolumab only. RAMONA also includes translational research sub-studies to identify predictive biomarkers, including PD-1 and PD-L1 evaluation at different time points, establishment of organoid cultures and microbiome analyses for response prediction. Discussion The RAMONA trial aims to implement checkpoint inhibitors for elderly patients with advanced ESCC as second line therapy. Novel biomarkers for checkpoint-inhibitor response are analyzed in extensive translational sub-studies. Trial registration EudraCT Number: 2017–002056-86; NCT03416244, registered: 31.1.2018. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5446-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja M Meindl-Beinker
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Johannes Betge
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Gutting
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sebastian Belle
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tianzuo Zhan
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nadine Schulte
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Matthias P Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nicolai Haertel
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
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19
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Erich K, Reinle K, Müller T, Munteanu B, Sammour DA, Hinsenkamp I, Gutting T, Burgermeister E, Findeisen P, Ebert MP, Krijgsveld J, Hopf C. Spatial Distribution of Endogenous Tissue Protease Activity in Gastric Carcinoma Mapped by MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:151-161. [PMID: 30293968 PMCID: PMC6317471 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.000980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant protease activity has been implicated in the etiology of various prevalent diseases including neurodegeneration and cancer, in particular metastasis. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has recently been established as a key technology for bioanalysis of multiple biomolecular classes such as proteins, lipids, and glycans. However, it has not yet been systematically explored for investigation of a tissue's endogenous protease activity. In this study, we demonstrate that different tissues, spray-coated with substance P as a tracer, digest this peptide with different time-course profiles. Furthermore, we reveal that distinct cleavage products originating from substance P are generated transiently and that proteolysis can be attenuated by protease inhibitors in a concentration-dependent manner. To show the translational potential of the method, we analyzed protease activity of gastric carcinoma in mice. Our MSI and quantitative proteomics results reveal differential distribution of protease activity - with strongest activity being observed in mouse tumor tissue, suggesting the general applicability of the workflow in animal pharmacology and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Erich
- From the ‡Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany;; §Institute of Medical Technology, Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kevin Reinle
- From the ‡Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Torsten Müller
- ¶German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;; ‡‡Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty, Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bogdan Munteanu
- From the ‡Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Denis A Sammour
- From the ‡Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany;; §Institute of Medical Technology, Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Isabel Hinsenkamp
- ‖Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Gutting
- ‖Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- ‖Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter Findeisen
- **Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias P Ebert
- ‖Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jeroen Krijgsveld
- ¶German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;; ‡‡Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty, Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Hopf
- From the ‡Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany;; §Institute of Medical Technology, Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany;.
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Betge J, Chi-Kern J, Schulte N, Belle S, Gutting T, Burgermeister E, Jesenofsky R, Maenz M, Wedding U, Ebert MP, Haertel N. A multicenter phase 4 geriatric assessment directed trial to evaluate gemcitabine +/- nab-paclitaxel in elderly pancreatic cancer patients (GrantPax). BMC Cancer 2018; 18:747. [PMID: 30021548 PMCID: PMC6052545 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4665-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the group of elderly patients (≥70 years) with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC), it is not known who benefits from intensive 1st line nab-paclitaxel/gemcitabine (nab-p/gem) combination chemotherapy or who would rather suffer from increased toxicity. We aim to determine whether treatment individualization by comprehensive geriatric assessments (CGAs) improves functional outcome of the patients. Methods/Design GrantPax is a multicenter, open label phase 4 interventional trial. We use a CGA to stratify elderly patients into three parallel treatment groups (n = 45 per arm): 1) GOGO (nab-p/gem), 2) SLOWGO (gem mono) or 3) FRAIL (best supportive care). After the 1st cycle of chemotherapy (or 4 weeks in FRAIL group) another CGA and safety assessment is performed. CGA-stratified patients may not decline in their CGA performance in response to the first cycle of chemotherapy (primary objective), measured as a loss of 5 points or less in Barthels activities of daily living. Based on the second CGA, patients are re-assigned to their definite treatment arm and undergo further CGAs to monitor the course of treatment. Secondary endpoints include CGA scores during the course of therapy (CGA1–4), response rates, safety and survival rates. Discussion GrantPax is the first trial implementing a CGA-driven treatment to personalize therapy for elderly patients with pancreatic cancer. This may lead to standardization of therapy decisions for elderly patients and may optimize standard of care for this increasing group of patients. Trial registration NCT02812992, registered 24.06.2016. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4665-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Betge
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jing Chi-Kern
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nadine Schulte
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sebastian Belle
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Gutting
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ralf Jesenofsky
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Wedding
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias P Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Nicolai Haertel
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
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21
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Gutting T, Burgermeister E, Härtel N, Ebert MP. Checkpoints and beyond - Immunotherapy in colorectal cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 55:78-89. [PMID: 29716829 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is the latest revolution in cancer therapy. It continues to show impressive results in malignancies like melanoma and others. At least so far, effects are modest in colorectal cancer (CRC) and only a subset of patients benefits from already approved checkpoint inhibitors. In this review, we discuss major hurdles of immunotherapy like the immunosuppressive niche and low immunogenicity of CRC next to current achievements of checkpoint inhibitors, interleukin treatment and adoptive cell transfer (dendritic cells/cytokine induced killer cells, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, chimeric antigen receptor cells, T cell receptor transfer) in pre-clinical models and clinical trials. We intensively examine approaches to overcome low immunogenicity by combination of different therapies and address future strategies of therapy as well as the need of predictive factors in this emerging field of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Gutting
- Department of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nicolai Härtel
- Department of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany; Heilig-Geist Hospital Bensheim, Rodensteinstraße 94, 64625 Bensheim, Germany
| | - Matthias P Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
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22
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Gutting T, Weber CA, Weidner P, Herweck F, Henn S, Friedrich T, Yin S, Kzhyshkowska J, Gaiser T, Janssen KP, Reindl W, Ebert MPA, Burgermeister E. PPARγ-activation increases intestinal M1 macrophages and mitigates formation of serrated adenomas in mutant KRAS mice. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1423168. [PMID: 29721374 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1423168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify novel hubs for cancer immunotherapy, we generated C57BL/6J mice with concomitant deletion of the drugable transcription factor PPARγ and transgenic overexpression of the mutant KRASG12V oncogene in enterocytes. Animals developed epithelial hyperplasia, transmural inflammation and serrated adenomas in the small intestine with infiltration of CD3+ FOXP3+ T-cells and macrophages into the lamina propria of the non-malignant mucosa. Within serrated polyps, CD3+ CD8+ T-cells and phosphorylated ERK1/2 were reduced and the senescence marker P21 and macrophage counts up-regulated, indicative of an immunosuppressive tissue microenvironment. Treatment of mutant KRASG12V mice with the PPARγ-agonist rosiglitazone augmented M1 macrophage numbers, reduced IL4 expression and diminished polyp load in mice. Rosiglitazone also promoted M1 polarisation of human THP1-derived macrophages and decreased Il4 mRNA in isolated murine lymphocytes. Thus, inhibition of the oncogenic driver mutant RAS by PPARγ in epithelial and immune cell compartments may be a future target for the prevention or treatment of human malignancies associated with intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Gutting
- Dept. of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian A Weber
- Dept. of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Philip Weidner
- Dept. of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Frank Herweck
- Dept. of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sarah Henn
- Dept. of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Teresa Friedrich
- Dept. of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Shuiping Yin
- Dept. of Innate Immunity and Tolerance, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julia Kzhyshkowska
- Dept. of Innate Immunity and Tolerance, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Timo Gaiser
- Dept. of Pathology, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Klaus-Peter Janssen
- Dept. of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Reindl
- Dept. of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias P A Ebert
- Dept. of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Dept. of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Burgermeister E, Eladly F, Wu W, Schulte N, Betge J, Hartel N, Gaiser T, Marx A, Weiss C, Hofheinz R, Miller IS, Byrne AT, Ebert MP. Correlation of BMAL1 expression in colorectal cancer with resistance to anti-VEGFA therapy with bevacizumab. J Clin Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2018.36.4_suppl.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
705 Background: Mechanisms underlying failure of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients to respond to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) therapy with bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy are largely unknown, and novel predictive markers required. Methods: Tumours from patients/mice and CRC cell lines were analysed by IHC, PCR, EMSA, ChIP, ELISA and Western blot. Statistics of (pre)clinical data was calculated with SAS and Graphpad Prism. Response outcomes including progression-free survival (PFS) and restaging according to RECIST (PR/SD/PD) were analyzed. Results: Circadian rhythm transcription factor and heme receptor REVERBA and its target gene BMAL1 promoted binding to and activation of the -700kB RORE DNA-element in the VEGFA promoter resulting in increased VEGFA mRNA expression and VEGFA protein secretion from human CRC cell lines. Conversely, REVERBA siRNA and its antagonist (Fe3+) hemin inhibited VEGFA synthesis. In C57BL/6J Apcmin/+ mice treated with murinized VEGFA Ab (n=11 mu_chimeric_B20-4.1 vs. n=42 mock; 10 mg/kg*week; i.p.; 4 weeks), Vegfa mRNA was reduced, as was incidence (*p=0.0411 Fisher Exact Test) and multiplicity (*p=0.0157 Cochran Armitage Trend Test) of vascularized CRCs. However, Bmal1 mRNA was up-regulated, and high BMAL1 protein expression in tumor cells positively correlated with Ki67+ proliferation (n=3 B20 vs. n=3 mock; *p<0.05 t-test) in treated Apcmin/+ CRCs. BMAL1 protein was also induced in xenografts from BALB/c nude mice s.c. implanted with the human CRC cell line HCT116 and treated with humanized VEGFA Ab (n=4 bevacizumab vs. n=4 vehicle; 10 mg/kg*week; i.p.; 3 weeks; *p<0.05 t-test). In CRC patients, high BMAL1 protein expression in tumor cells was associated with clinical non-response to bevacizumab (n=15 SD vs. n=29 PD: BMAL1- vs. BMAL1+, *p=0.0061 Cochran Armitage Trend Test,*p=0.0130 Fisher Exact Test) and reduced PFS (BMAL1- [671 days] vs. BMAL1+ [368 days], *p=0.0030 log rank test, HR=0.4792 [95%CI 0.3103-0.7871], n=74). Conclusions: BMAL1 may represent a predictive marker for bevacizumab non-response. Due to its drugability, the REVERBA-BMAL1-VEGFA axis may be a potential target to prevent resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wen Wu
- University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nadine Schulte
- University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Betge
- University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Timo Gaiser
- Institute of Pathology/ University Hospital Mannheim/ Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alexander Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Hofheinz
- University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ian S. Miller
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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24
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Weidner P, Söhn M, Gutting T, Friedrich T, Gaiser T, Magdeburg J, Kienle P, Ruh H, Hopf C, Behrens HM, Röcken C, Hanoch T, Seger R, Ebert MPA, Burgermeister E. Myotubularin-related protein 7 inhibits insulin signaling in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:50490-50506. [PMID: 27409167 PMCID: PMC5226598 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide (PIP) phosphatases such as myotubularins (MTMs) inhibit growth factor receptor signaling. However, the function of myotubularin-related protein 7 (MTMR7) in cancer is unknown. We show that MTMR7 protein was down-regulated with increasing tumor grade (G), size (T) and stage (UICC) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) (n=1786). The presence of MTMR7 in the stroma correlated with poor prognosis, whereas MTMR7 expression in the tumor was not predictive for patients' survival. Insulin reduced MTMR7 protein levels in human CRC cell lines, and CRC patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or loss of imprinting (LOI) of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) had an increased risk for MTMR7 loss. Mechanistically, MTMR7 lowered PIPs and inhibited insulin-mediated AKT-ERK1/2 signaling and proliferation in human CRC cell lines. MTMR7 provides a novel link between growth factor signaling and cancer, and may thus constitute a potential marker or drug target for human CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Weidner
- Department of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michaela Söhn
- Department of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Gutting
- Department of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Teresa Friedrich
- Department of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Timo Gaiser
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julia Magdeburg
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter Kienle
- Department of Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hermelindis Ruh
- ABIMAS Research Center, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, D-68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Hopf
- ABIMAS Research Center, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, D-68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Röcken
- Institute of Pathology, Christian Albrecht University, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Tamar Hanoch
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, I-7610001 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rony Seger
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, I-7610001 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Matthias P A Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
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25
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Burgermeister E, Höde P, Betge J, Gutting T, Merkel A, Wu W, Tänzer M, Mossner M, Nowak D, Magdeburg J, Rückert F, Sticht C, Breitkopf-Heinlein K, Schulte N, Härtel N, Belle S, Post S, Gaiser T, Heppner BI, Behrens HM, Röcken C, Ebert MPA. Epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor candidate 3 confers adverse prognosis in early colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:84714-84728. [PMID: 29156678 PMCID: PMC5689568 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a biologically and clinically heterogeneous disease. Even though many recurrent genomic alterations have been identified that may characterize distinct subgroups, their biological impact and clinical significance as prognostic indicators remain to be defined. The tumor suppressor candidate-3 (TUSC3/N33) locates to a genomic region frequently deleted or silenced in cancers. TUSC3 is a subunit of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) which catalyzes bulk N-glycosylation of membrane and secretory proteins. However, the consequences of TUSC3 loss are largely unknown. Thus, the aim of the study was to characterize the functional and clinical relevance of TUSC3 expression in CRC patients' tissues (n=306 cases) and cell lines. TUSC3 mRNA expression was silenced by promoter methylation in 85 % of benign adenomas (n=46 cases) and 35 % of CRCs (n =74 cases). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was selected as one exemplary ER-derived target protein of TUSC3-mediated posttranslational modification. We found that TUSC3 inhibited EGFR-signaling and promoted apoptosis in human CRC cells, whereas TUSC3 siRNA knock-down increased EGFR-signaling. Accordingly, in stage I/II node negative CRC patients (n=156 cases) loss of TUSC3 protein expression was associated with poor overall survival. In sum, our data suggested that epigenetic silencing of TUSC3 may be useful as a molecular marker for progression of early CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Patrick Höde
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Betge
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Gutting
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Merkel
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wen Wu
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marc Tänzer
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Mossner
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Daniel Nowak
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julia Magdeburg
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Felix Rückert
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Center for Medical Research (ZMF), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Katja Breitkopf-Heinlein
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nadine Schulte
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nicolai Härtel
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sebastian Belle
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Post
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Timo Gaiser
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | | - Christoph Röcken
- Institute of Pathology, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthias P A Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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26
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Hinsenkamp I, Schulz S, Roscher M, Suhr AM, Meyer B, Munteanu B, Fuchser J, Schoenberg SO, Ebert MPA, Wängler B, Hopf C, Burgermeister E. Inhibition of Rho-Associated Kinase 1/2 Attenuates Tumor Growth in Murine Gastric Cancer. Neoplasia 2017; 18:500-11. [PMID: 27566106 PMCID: PMC5018096 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a malignant disease with high mortality. Patients are frequently diagnosed in advanced stages where survival prognosis is poor. Thus, there is high medical need to find novel drug targets and treatment strategies. Recently, the comprehensive molecular characterization of GC subtypes revealed mutations in the small GTPase RHOA as a hallmark of diffuse-type GC. RHOA activates RHO-associated protein kinases (ROCK1/2) which regulate cell contractility, migration and growth and thus may play a role in cancer. However, therapeutic benefit of RHO-pathway inhibition in GC has not been shown so far. The ROCK1/2 inhibitor 1-(5-isoquinoline sulfonyl)-homopiperazine (HA-1077, fasudil) is approved for cerebrovascular bleeding in patients. We therefore investigated whether fasudil (i.p., 10 mg/kg per day, 4 times per week, 4 weeks) inhibits tumor growth in a preclinical model of GC. Fasudil evoked cell death in human GC cells and reduced the tumor size in the stomach of CEA424-SV40 TAg transgenic mice. Small animal PET/CT confirmed preclinical efficacy. Mass spectrometry imaging identified a translatable biomarker for mouse GC and suggested rapid but incomplete in situ distribution of the drug to gastric tumor tissue. RHOA expression was increased in the neoplastic murine stomach compared with normal non-malignant gastric tissue, and fasudil reduced (auto) phosphorylation of ROCK2 at THR249 in vivo and in human GC cells in vitro. In sum, our data suggest that RHO-pathway inhibition may constitute a novel strategy for treatment of GC and that enhanced distribution of future ROCK inhibitors into tumor tissue may further improve efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Hinsenkamp
- Dept. of Internal Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sandra Schulz
- Center for Applied Research in Biomedical Mass Spectrometry (ABIMAS) and Institute of Medical Technology of Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mareike Roscher
- Dept. of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anne-Maria Suhr
- Dept. of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Björn Meyer
- Center for Applied Research in Biomedical Mass Spectrometry (ABIMAS) and Institute of Medical Technology of Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bogdan Munteanu
- Center for Applied Research in Biomedical Mass Spectrometry (ABIMAS) and Institute of Medical Technology of Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Stefan O Schoenberg
- Dept. of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias P A Ebert
- Dept. of Internal Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Björn Wängler
- Dept. of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Hopf
- Center for Applied Research in Biomedical Mass Spectrometry (ABIMAS) and Institute of Medical Technology of Heidelberg University and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Dept. of Internal Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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27
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Cassese A, Ellis SR, Ogrinc Potočnik N, Burgermeister E, Ebert M, Walch A, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, McDonnell LA, Heeren RMA, Balluff B. Spatial Autocorrelation in Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Anal Chem 2016; 88:5871-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Cassese
- Department
of Methodology and Statistics, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Shane R. Ellis
- Maastricht
MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nina Ogrinc Potočnik
- Maastricht
MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department
of Internal Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Ebert
- Department
of Internal Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Axel Walch
- Research
Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | | | - Liam A. McDonnell
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, 56121 Pisa, Italy
- Center
for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department
of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ron M. A. Heeren
- Maastricht
MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Balluff
- Maastricht
MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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28
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Munteanu B, Meyer B, von Reitzenstein C, Burgermeister E, Bog S, Pahl A, Ebert MP, Hopf C. Label-Free in Situ Monitoring of Histone Deacetylase Drug Target Engagement by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Mass Spectrometry Biotyping and Imaging. Anal Chem 2014; 86:4642-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac500038j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department
of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Susanne Bog
- Heidelberg Pharma
GmbH, Schriesheimer Strasse 101, 68526 Ladenburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Pahl
- Heidelberg Pharma
GmbH, Schriesheimer Strasse 101, 68526 Ladenburg, Germany
| | - Matthias P. Ebert
- Department
of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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Abstract
Every year approximately 2 million Europeans develop a malignancy; the group of gastrointestinal cancers is the single largest group, with approximately 600,000 new cancers annually. Despite recent innovations and developments in the diagnosis and management of these cancers, prognosis remains poor and treatment options limited. In recent years, new technological advances in proteome analysis and its application to patient management have been made and are the subject of ongoing clinical studies. The identification of biomarkers and biomarker patterns has raised hope that noninvasive diagnosis of cancers in their early stages may soon be an option. However, before the results of proteome analysis can be implemented in the management of cancer patients, further validation of these markers and the issues of sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility and accuracy need to be addressed and solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Ebert
- Technische Universität München, Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, München, Germany.
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Friedrich T, Richter B, Gaiser T, Weiss C, Janssen KP, Einwächter H, Schmid RM, Ebert MPA, Burgermeister E. Deficiency of caveolin-1 in Apc(min/+) mice promotes colorectal tumorigenesis. Carcinogenesis 2013; 34:2109-18. [PMID: 23640045 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav1), a scaffold protein of membrane caveolae and coactivator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARg), inhibits oncogenic signaling through Ras and wingless. However, the in vivo role of Cav1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remained unknown. To test whether loss of Cav1 accelerates tumorigenesis, we generated a novel mouse model of CRC by crossing C57BL/6 Apc(min/+) with B6129 Cav1 knockout (Cav1-/-) mice. Apc(min/+) Cav1-/- mice developed large, microinvasive and vascularized intraepithelial adenocarcinomas in the distal colon and rectum with higher incidence than Apc(min/+) Cav1+/- and Apc(min/+) Cav1+/+ littermates. Intratumoral gene signatures related to Ras and wingless signaling were elevated, nuclear localization of PPARg protein and expression of PPARg-target genes were reduced independently of Cav1. The PPARg-agonist rosiglitazone prevented tumor formation in mice irrespectively of the Cav1 status and upregulated expression of the Ras-inhibitory protein docking protein-1. Thus, codeficiency of Cav1 and adenomatous polyposis coli facilitated formation of CRC, and activation of PPARg may offer novel strategies for treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Friedrich
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
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31
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Hitkova I, Yuan G, Anderl F, Gerhard M, Kirchner T, Reu S, Röcken C, Schäfer C, Schmid RM, Vogelmann R, Ebert MPA, Burgermeister E. Caveolin-1 protects B6129 mice against Helicobacter pylori gastritis. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003251. [PMID: 23592983 PMCID: PMC3623771 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav1) is a scaffold protein and pathogen receptor in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract. Chronic infection of gastric epithelial cells by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a major risk factor for human gastric cancer (GC) where Cav1 is frequently down-regulated. However, the function of Cav1 in H. pylori infection and pathogenesis of GC remained unknown. We show here that Cav1-deficient mice, infected for 11 months with the CagA-delivery deficient H. pylori strain SS1, developed more severe gastritis and tissue damage, including loss of parietal cells and foveolar hyperplasia, and displayed lower colonisation of the gastric mucosa than wild-type B6129 littermates. Cav1-null mice showed enhanced infiltration of macrophages and B-cells and secretion of chemokines (RANTES) but had reduced levels of CD25+ regulatory T-cells. Cav1-deficient human GC cells (AGS), infected with the CagA-delivery proficient H. pylori strain G27, were more sensitive to CagA-related cytoskeletal stress morphologies (“humming bird”) compared to AGS cells stably transfected with Cav1 (AGS/Cav1). Infection of AGS/Cav1 cells triggered the recruitment of p120 RhoGTPase-activating protein/deleted in liver cancer-1 (p120RhoGAP/DLC1) to Cav1 and counteracted CagA-induced cytoskeletal rearrangements. In human GC cell lines (MKN45, N87) and mouse stomach tissue, H. pylori down-regulated endogenous expression of Cav1 independently of CagA. Mechanistically, H. pylori activated sterol-responsive element-binding protein-1 (SREBP1) to repress transcription of the human Cav1 gene from sterol-responsive elements (SREs) in the proximal Cav1 promoter. These data suggested a protective role of Cav1 against H. pylori-induced inflammation and tissue damage. We propose that H. pylori exploits down-regulation of Cav1 to subvert the host's immune response and to promote signalling of its virulence factors in host cells. Infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) mainly affects children in the developing countries who are at risk to progress to gastric cancer (GC) as adults after many years of persistent infection, especially with strains which are positive for the oncogenic virulence factor CagA. Eradication of H. pylori by antibiotics is a treatment of choice but may also alter the susceptibility to allergies and other tumor types. Thus, novel diagnostic or prognostic markers are needed which detect early molecular changes in the stomach mucosa during the transition of chronic inflammation to cancer. In our study, we found that the tumor suppressor caveolin-1 (Cav1) is reduced upon infection with H. pylori, and CagA was sufficient but not necessary for this down-regulation. Loss of Cav1 was caused by H. pylori-dependent activation of sterol-responsive element-binding protein-1 (SREBP1), and this event abolished the interaction of Cav1 with p120 RhoGTPase-activating protein/deleted in liver cancer-1 (p120RhoGAP/DLC1), a second bona fide tumor suppressor in gastric tissue. Conclusively, Cav1 and DLC1 may constitute novel molecular markers in the H. pylori-infected gastric mucosa before neoplastic transformation of the epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Hitkova
- Department of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gang Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Florian Anderl
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Markus Gerhard
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), München, Germany
| | - Thomas Kirchner
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum der Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Simone Reu
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum der Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Department of Pathology, Christian-Albrechts Universität, Kiel, Germany
| | - Claus Schäfer
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum der Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Roland M. Schmid
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Roger Vogelmann
- Department of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias P. A. Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Regel I, Merkl L, Friedrich T, Burgermeister E, Zimmermann W, Einwächter H, Herrmann K, Langer R, Röcken C, Hofheinz R, Schmid R, Ebert MP. Pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat sensitizes gastric cancer cells to anthracyclines via induction of CITED2. Gastroenterology 2012; 143:99-109.e10. [PMID: 22465428 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2012.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Chemotherapy modestly prolongs survival of patients with advanced gastric cancer, but strategies are needed to increase its efficacy. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors modify chromatin and can block cancer cell proliferation and promote apoptosis. METHODS Gastric cancer cell lines were incubated with the HDAC inhibitor LBH589 (Panobinostat, Novartis, Germany); levels of proliferation, apoptosis, histone acetylation, and gene expression were determined. We identified factors downstream of HDAC that regulated chemoresistance. The effects of combination chemotherapy of HDAC inhibitors and anthracyclines were studied in CEA424/SV40 T-antigen (CEA/Tag) transgenic mice, which develop gastric tumors. We analyzed gastric tumor samples from patients using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS HDAC2 was expressed in human gastric cancer cell lines and tumor samples, as well as in gastric tumors from CEA/Tag mice, compared with non-neoplastic gastric tissue. LBH589 inhibited proliferation of cancer cells in vitro. LBH589 down-regulated expression of genes that mediate anthracycline resistance by activating expression of Cbp/p300-interacting transactivator, with Glu/Asp-rich carboxy-terminal domain 2 (CITED2), a gene that mediates sensitivity to chemotherapeutics. Pre-incubation of cells with an HDAC inhibitor and overexpression of CITED2-sensitized gastric cell lines to anthracycline-mediated cell death. In CEA/Tag mice, LBH589 induced tumor-cell expression of CITED2 and increased the efficacy of anthracycline to reduce tumor growth. Levels of CITED2 were increased in gastric tumor samples from patients who had complete responses to epirubicin. CONCLUSIONS The HDAC inhibitor LBH589 can overcome the resistance of mouse gastric cancer cells to anthracyclines by inducing expression of CITED2. Levels of CITED2 in gastric tumors correlate with patients' response to epirubicin. LBH589 might be used to increase the response of patients to anthracyclines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Regel
- Department of Medicine II, Universität München, München, Germany
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Prade E, Tobiasch M, Hitkova I, Schäffer I, Lian F, Xing X, Tänzer M, Rauser S, Walch A, Feith M, Post S, Röcken C, Schmid RM, Ebert MPA, Burgermeister E. Bile acids down-regulate caveolin-1 in esophageal epithelial cells through sterol responsive element-binding protein. Mol Endocrinol 2012; 26:819-32. [PMID: 22474125 DOI: 10.1210/me.2011-1140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acids are synthesized from cholesterol and are major risk factors for Barrett adenocarcinoma (BAC) of the esophagus. Caveolin-1 (Cav1), a scaffold protein of membrane caveolae, is transcriptionally regulated by cholesterol via sterol-responsive element-binding protein-1 (SREBP1). Cav1 protects squamous epithelia by controlling cell growth and stabilizing cell junctions and matrix adhesion. Cav1 is frequently down-regulated in human cancers; however, the molecular mechanisms that lead to this event are unknown. We show that the basal layer of the nonneoplastic human esophageal squamous epithelium expressed Cav1 mainly at intercellular junctions. In contrast, Cav1 was lost in 95% of tissue specimens from BAC patients (n = 100). A strong cytoplasmic expression of Cav1 correlated with poor survival in a small subgroup (n = 5) of BAC patients, and stable expression of an oncogenic Cav1 variant (Cav1-P132L) in the human BAC cell line OE19 promoted proliferation. Cav1 was also detectable in immortalized human squamous epithelial, Barrett esophagus (CPC), and squamous cell carcinoma cells (OE21), but was low in BAC cell lines (OE19, OE33). Mechanistically, bile acids down-regulated Cav1 expression by inhibition of the proteolytic cleavage of 125-kDa pre-SREBP1 from the endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi apparatus and nuclear translocation of active 68-kDa SREBP1. This block in SREBP1's posttranslational processing impaired transcriptional activation of SREBP1 response elements in the proximal human Cav1 promoter. Cav1 was also down-regulated in esophagi from C57BL/6 mice on a diet enriched with 1% (wt/wt) chenodeoxycholic acid. Mice deficient for Cav1 or the nuclear bile acid receptor farnesoid X receptor showed hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis of the basal cell layer of esophageal epithelia, respectively. These data indicate that bile acid-mediated down-regulation of Cav1 marks early changes in the squamous epithelium, which may contribute to onset of Barrett esophagus metaplasia and progression to BAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Prade
- Department of Chemistry, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, D-81675 Munich, Germany
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Ebert MPA, Tänzer M, Balluff B, Burgermeister E, Kretzschmar AK, Hughes DJ, Tetzner R, Lofton-Day C, Rosenberg R, Reinacher-Schick AC, Schulmann K, Tannapfel A, Hofheinz R, Röcken C, Keller G, Langer R, Specht K, Porschen R, Stöhlmacher-Williams J, Schuster T, Ströbel P, Schmid RM. TFAP2E-DKK4 and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 2012; 366:44-53. [PMID: 22216841 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1009473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer leads to improved survival; however, predictors of response to systemic treatment are not available. Genomic and epigenetic alterations of the gene encoding transcription factor AP-2 epsilon (TFAP2E) are common in human cancers. The gene encoding dickkopf homolog 4 protein (DKK4) is a potential downstream target of TFAP2E and has been implicated in chemotherapy resistance. We aimed to further evaluate the role of TFAP2E and DKK4 as predictors of the response of colorectal cancer to chemotherapy. METHODS We analyzed the expression, methylation, and function of TFAP2E in colorectal-cancer cell lines in vitro and in patients with colorectal cancer. We examined an initial cohort of 74 patients, followed by four cohorts of patients (total, 220) undergoing chemotherapy or chemoradiation. RESULTS TFAP2E was hypermethylated in 38 of 74 patients (51%) in the initial cohort. Hypermethylation was associated with decreased expression of TFAP2E in primary and metastatic colorectal-cancer specimens and cell lines. Colorectal-cancer cell lines overexpressing DKK4 showed increased chemoresistance to fluorouracil but not irinotecan or oxaliplatin. In the four other patient cohorts, TFAP2E hypermethylation was significantly associated with nonresponse to chemotherapy (P<0.001). Conversely, the probability of response among patients with hypomethylation was approximately six times that in the entire population (overall estimated risk ratio, 5.74; 95% confidence interval, 3.36 to 9.79). Epigenetic alterations of TFAP2E were independent of mutations in key regulatory cancer genes, microsatellite instability, and other genes that affect fluorouracil metabolism. CONCLUSIONS TFAP2E hypermethylation is associated with clinical nonresponsiveness to chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. Functional assays confirm that TFAP2E-dependent resistance is mediated through DKK4. In patients who have colorectal cancer with TFAP2E hypermethylation, targeting of DKK4 may be an option to overcome TFAP2E-mediated drug resistance. (Funded by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and others.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias P A Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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Xing X, Burgermeister E, Geisler F, Einwächter H, Fan L, Hiber M, Rauser S, Walch A, Röcken C, Ebeling M, Wright MB, Schmid RM, Ebert MPA. Hematopoietically expressed homeobox is a target gene of farnesoid X receptor in chenodeoxycholic acid-induced liver hypertrophy. Hepatology 2009; 49:979-88. [PMID: 19072826 DOI: 10.1002/hep.22712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Farnesoid X receptor (FXR/Fxr) is a bile acid-regulated nuclear receptor that promotes hepatic bile acid metabolism, detoxification, and liver regeneration. However, the adaptive pathways under conditions of bile acid stress are not fully elucidated. We found that wild-type but not Fxr knockout mice on diets enriched with chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) increase their liver/body weight ratios by 50% due to hepatocellular hypertrophy. Microarray analysis identified Hex (Hematopoietically expressed homeobox), a central transcription factor in vertebrate embryogenesis and liver development, as a novel CDCA- and Fxr-regulated gene. HEX/Hex was also regulated by FXR/Fxr and CDCA in primary mouse hepatocytes and human HepG2 cells. Comparative genomic analysis identified a conserved inverted repeat-1-like DNA sequence within a 300 base pair enhancer element of intron-1 in the human and mouse HEX/Hex gene. A combination of chromatin immunoprecipitation, electromobility shift assay, and transcriptional reporter assays demonstrated that FXR/Fxr binds to this element and mediates HEX/Hex transcriptional activation. CONCLUSION HEX/Hex is a novel bile acid-induced FXR/Fxr target gene during adaptation of hepatocytes to chronic bile acid exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbin Xing
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany
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Burgermeister E, Liscovitch M, Röcken C, Schmid RM, Ebert MPA. Caveats of caveolin-1 in cancer progression. Cancer Lett 2008; 268:187-201. [PMID: 18482795 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2008] [Revised: 03/25/2008] [Accepted: 03/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Caveolin-1, an essential scaffold protein of caveolae and cellular transport processes, lately gained recognition as a stage- and tissue-specific tumor modulator in vivo. Patient studies and rodent models corroborated its janus-faced role as a tumor suppressor in non-neoplastic tissue, its down-regulation (loss of function) upon transformation and its re-expression (regain of function) in advanced-stage metastatic and multidrug resistant tumors. This review is focussed on the role of caveolin-1 in metastasis and angiogenesis and its clinical implications as a prognostic marker in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of München, München, Germany.
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Tencer L, Burgermeister E, Ebert MP, Liscovitch M. Rosiglitazone induces caveolin-1 by PPARgamma-dependent and PPRE-independent mechanisms: the role of EGF receptor signaling and its effect on cancer cell drug resistance. Anticancer Res 2008; 28:895-906. [PMID: 18507034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caveolin-1, a key component of plasma membrane caveolae, has been implicated in the regulation of cancer cell growth and survival. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) is a ligand-activated nuclear receptor which plays a pivotal role in many cellular processes. Activation of PPARgamma by its ligand rosiglitazone upregulates caveolin-1 mRNA and protein in human carcinoma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have used specific signaling inhibitors to dissect the mechanisms of caveolin-1 mRNA and protein induction by rosiglitazone, determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. ROS generation was measured by flow cytometry and cell survival was determined by the MTT assay. RESULTS We show that in HT-29 human colon cancer cells the induction ofcaveolin-1 by rosiglitazone is inhibited by the EGF receptor (EGFR) blocker AG1478. Moreover, rosiglitazone stimulates EGFR phosphorylation, while direct activation of EGFR by EGF up-regulates caveolin-1 mRNA. Inhibitors of Src and the Mek1-Erk1/2 and p38 MAP kinase pathways also inhibit up-regulation of caveolin-1 by rosiglitazone. Furthermore, rosiglitazone stimulates formation of superoxide anions, whereas induction of caveolin-1 expression by rosiglitazone is attenuated by the antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine. Finally, rosiglitazone increases the resistance of HT-29 cells to doxorubicin and to hydrogen peroxide. The caveolin-1 gene promoter lacks a canonical PPARgamma response element (PPRE) and a PPRE-reporter construct is not sensitive to EGF or EGFR inhibition. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that up-regulation of caveolin-1 by rosiglitazone requires superoxide formation and the activation of Src, EGFR, and the Mek1-Erk1/2 and p38 MAP kinase pathways. We suggest a novel mode of action of PPARgamma ligands in the regulation of caveolin-1, and possibly other genes devoid of a PPRE in their promoters, which involves the coordinate activation of PPARgamma and intracellular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilach Tencer
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Burgermeister E, Xing X, Röcken C, Juhasz M, Chen J, Hiber M, Mair K, Shatz M, Liscovitch M, Schmid RM, Ebert MPA. Differential expression and function of caveolin-1 in human gastric cancer progression. Cancer Res 2007; 67:8519-26. [PMID: 17875691 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-1125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 is a scaffold protein of caveolae that acts as a tumor modulator by interacting with cell adhesion molecules and signaling receptors. The role of caveolin-1 in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC) is currently unknown. We show by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and immunohistochemistry of biopsies from GC patients (n = 41) that the nonneoplastic mucosa expressed caveolin-1 in foveolar epithelial cells and adjacent connective tissue. GC cells of only 3 of 41 (7%) patients expressed caveolin-1 and were all of the intestinal type. Quantitative PCR and Western blotting confirmed that, compared with nonneoplastic tissue, the overall caveolin-1 mRNA was decreased in 14 of 19 (74%) GC patients and protein in 7 of 13 (54%), respectively. Strong caveolin-1 reactivity was found in the nonepithelial compartment (myocytes, fibroblasts, perineural, and endothelial cells) in both tumor-free and GC samples. In a series of human GC cell lines, caveolin-1 expression was low in cells derived from a primary tumor (AGS and SNU-1) but was increased in cell lines originating from distant metastases (MKN-7, MKN-45, NCI-N87, KATO-III, and SNU-5). Ectopic expression of caveolin-1 in AGS cells decreased proliferation but promoted anchorage-independent growth and survival. RNAi-mediated knockdown of endogenous caveolin-1 in MKN-45 cells accelerated cell growth. These data indicate that caveolin-1 exhibits a stage-dependent differential expression and function in GC and may thereby contribute to its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of München, Munich, Germany
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Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) is a ligand-activated transcription factor of the nuclear receptor superfamily that regulates genes involved in differentiation, metabolism and immunity. PPARgamma-ligands are used for therapy of type 2 diabetes and hold the promise for treatment of inflammation and cancer. As a central regulatory component, PPARgamma activity is well regulated during various cellular processes, and indeed mitogenic stimulation often suppresses PPARgamma's genomic activity. This downregulation is mediated largely by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERKs)/mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling cascade, which attenuates PPARgamma's transactivation function either by an inhibitory phosphorylation or by modulating PPARgamma's nucleo-cytoplasmic compartmentalization. The latter is achieved by the mitogen-induced nuclear export of PPARgamma through its direct interaction with the ERK cascade component MAPK/ERK-kinases 1/2 (MEKs). Upon mitogenic stimulation, MEKs translocate into the nucleus, but are rapidly exported from this location by their N-terminal nuclear export signal (NES), in a process that is accompanied by the export of their interacting nuclear PPARgamma molecules. Interestingly, it was recently demonstrated that PPARgamma has cytoplasmatic activities, and therefore, the MEK-dependent shuttle may also represent a mechanism for control of the extra-nuclear/nongenomic actions of PPARgamma. Because of the similarity within nuclear receptor docking motifs, it is possible that the same mechanism may control the nuclear and cytoplasmatic activity of other receptors. The changes in the subcellular localization of PPARgamma may also represent novel targets for selective interference in patients with chronic inflammatory or proliferation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University, Munich, Germany
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Burgermeister E, Chuderland D, Hanoch T, Meyer M, Liscovitch M, Seger R. Interaction with MEK causes nuclear export and downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma. Mol Cell Biol 2006; 27:803-17. [PMID: 17101779 PMCID: PMC1800691 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00601-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) cascade plays a central role in intracellular signaling by many extracellular stimuli. One target of the ERK cascade is peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma), a nuclear receptor that promotes differentiation and apoptosis. It was previously demonstrated that PPARgamma activity is attenuated upon mitogenic stimulation due to phosphorylation of its Ser84 by ERKs. Here we show that stimulation by tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA) attenuates PPARgamma's activity in a MEK-dependent manner, even when Ser84 is mutated to Ala. To elucidate the mechanism of attenuation, we found that PPARgamma directly interacts with MEKs, which are the activators of ERKs, but not with ERKs themselves, both in vivo and in vitro. This interaction is facilitated by MEKs' phosphorylation and is mediated by the basic D domain of MEK1 and the AF2 domain of PPARgamma. Immunofluorescence microscopy and subcellular fractionation revealed that MEK1 exports PPARgamma from the nucleus, and this finding was supported by small interfering RNA knockdown of MEK1 and use of a cell-permeable interaction-blocking peptide, which prevented TPA-induced export of PPARgamma from the nucleus. Thus, we show here a novel mode of downregulation of PPARgamma by its MEK-dependent redistribution from the nucleus to the cytosol. This unanticipated role for the stimulation-induced nuclear shuttling of MEKs shows that MEKs can regulate additional signaling components besides the ERK cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Burgermeister E, Schnoebelen A, Flament A, Benz J, Stihle M, Gsell B, Rufer A, Ruf A, Kuhn B, Märki HP, Mizrahi J, Sebokova E, Niesor E, Meyer M. A novel partial agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) recruits PPARgamma-coactivator-1alpha, prevents triglyceride accumulation, and potentiates insulin signaling in vitro. Mol Endocrinol 2005; 20:809-30. [PMID: 16373399 DOI: 10.1210/me.2005-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Partial agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma), also termed selective PPARgamma modulators, are expected to uncouple insulin sensitization from triglyceride (TG) storage in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. These agents shall thus avoid adverse effects, such as body weight gain, exerted by full agonists such as thiazolidinediones. In this context, we describe the identification and characterization of the isoquinoline derivative PA-082, a prototype of a novel class of non-thiazolidinedione partial PPARgamma ligands. In a cocrystal with PPARgamma it was bound within the ligand-binding pocket without direct contact to helix 12. The compound displayed partial agonism in biochemical and cell-based transactivation assays and caused preferential recruitment of PPARgamma-coactivator-1alpha (PGC1alpha) to the receptor, a feature shared with other selective PPARgamma modulators. It antagonized rosiglitazone-driven transactivation and TG accumulation during de novo adipogenic differentiation of murine C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells. The latter effect was mimicked by overexpression of wild-type PGC1alpha but not its LXXLL-deficient mutant. Despite failing to promote TG loading, PA-082 induced mRNAs of genes encoding components of insulin signaling and adipogenic differentiation pathways. It potentiated glucose uptake and inhibited the negative cross-talk of TNFalpha on protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation in mature adipocytes and HepG2 human hepatoma cells. PGC1alpha is a key regulator of energy expenditure and down-regulated in diabetics. We thus propose that selective recruitment of PGC1alpha to favorable PPARgamma-target genes provides a possible molecular mechanism whereby partial PPARgamma agonists dissociate TG accumulation from insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Burgermeister
- Pharmaceuticals Division, Department of Vascular and Metabolic Diseases, Fa. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
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Burgermeister E, Tencer L, Liscovitch M. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma upregulates caveolin-1 and caveolin-2 expression in human carcinoma cells. Oncogene 2003; 22:3888-900. [PMID: 12813462 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1206625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) is a nuclear receptor for eicosanoids that promotes differentiation of human epithelial and mesenchymal cells in vitro and in vivo. PPARgamma was proposed as a target for drug-induced differentiation therapy of cancer. Caveolin-1 is a constituent of plasma membrane caveolae in epithelial cells that is often downregulated upon oncogenic transformation. Caveolin-1 has growth-inhibitory activities and its disruption is sufficient to induce transformation in fibroblasts. Herein we have tested the hypothesis that caveolins are transcriptional target genes for PPARgamma. In human HT-29 colon carcinoma cells, thiazolidinedione PPARgamma ligands increased the levels of caveolin-1 and caveolin-2 proteins two to fivefold in a concentration-dependent manner within 24 h. In human MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cells, nonthiazolidinedione PPARgamma ligands elevated caveolin-2 protein three to fourfold, while the thiazoli-dinediones were less effective. Caveolin-1 mRNA levels were found to be upregulated by PPARgamma ligands already after 3 h in both the cell lines. Ectopic expression of a dominant-negative PPARgamma construct attenuated ligand-induced upregulation of caveolins in both HT-29 and HEK-293T cells, indicating that ligand action is mediated by PPARgamma. Ligand-treated MCF-7 cells exhibited a differentiated phenotype, as evinced by analysis of cell-specific differentiation markers: protein levels of maspin were elevated and perinuclear lipid droplets accumulated. In contrast, in HT-29 cells, caveolin expression was not correlated with differentiation. Interestingly, PPARgamma partially cofractionated in lipid rafts and could be coimmunoprecipitated from cell lysates with caveolin-1, indicating that PPARgamma and caveolin-1 may coexist in a complex. Our data indicate that PPARgamma participates in the regulation of caveolin gene expression in human carcinoma cells and suggest that caveolin-1 may mediate some of the phenotypic changes induced by this nuclear receptor in cancer cells. These findings may have potentially important functional implications in the context of cancer differentiation therapy and multidrug resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/pathology
- Antigens, Differentiation/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Differentiation/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Caveolin 1
- Caveolin 2
- Caveolins/biosynthesis
- Caveolins/genetics
- Caveolins/physiology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Line/drug effects
- Cell Line/metabolism
- Chromans/pharmacology
- Colonic Neoplasms/pathology
- Dimerization
- Drug Resistance, Multiple
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Genes, Dominant
- Humans
- Kidney/cytology
- Ligands
- Macromolecular Substances
- Membrane Microdomains/metabolism
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/physiology
- Phenotype
- Phenylacetates/pharmacology
- Prostaglandin D2/analogs & derivatives
- Prostaglandin D2/pharmacology
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/agonists
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/chemistry
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/physiology
- Rosiglitazone
- Thiazoles/pharmacology
- Thiazolidinediones
- Transcription Factors/agonists
- Transcription Factors/chemistry
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/physiology
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
- Troglitazone
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Burgermeister E, Endl J, Scheuer WV. Activation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 in human T-lymphocytes involves inhibitor-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinases. Eur J Pharmacol 2003; 466:169-80. [PMID: 12679154 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(03)01492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The group IV 85 kDa cytosolic phospholipase A(2) regulates many aspects of innate immunity. However, the function of this enzyme in T-cells remains controversial. We show here that human peripheral blood lymphocytes and Jurkat cells express cytosolic phospholipase A(2) and produce prostaglandin A(2) and leukotriene B(4). Selective inhibitors of this enzyme suppressed Ca(2+)-ionophore-, mitogen- and T-cell receptor-mediated expression of interleukin-2 at the level of transcription from the promoter. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), degradation of inhibitor-kappaBalpha and transactivation by nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB) were impaired as was the antigen-, lectin- and interleukin-2-driven proliferation of T-cells in vitro. Ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) induced rapid phosphorylation of MAPK in human monocytic but not in Jurkat cells. These data indicated that in T-cells, eicosanoids generated upon signal-activated cytosolic phospholipase A(2) promote NFkappaB-dependent interleukin-2 transcription via a PPARgamma-independent mechanism involving the MAPK-pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Burgermeister
- Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, I-76100 Rehovot, Israel
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Abstract
Nuclear receptor (NR) agonists induce activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) through an yet unknown rapid non-genomic mechanism. Vice versa, NR are targets for phosphorylation by MAPK. By multiple alignment of the amino acid sequences and comparative analysis of the secondary and tertiary structures we identified four peptides in MAPK with similarity to bona fide protein-protein-interaction motifs in NR. In both molecule species, these motifs mediate selective docking to dimerization partners, coregulators or phosphoacceptors. We therefore propose that similar motifs may direct the site-specific association of NR with MAPK. Based on mutual allosteric interactions within a kinase-receptor complex, we discuss a novel principle how NR-agonists may regulate kinase activity and thus expression of hormone-dependent genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Burgermeister
- Dept. of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, I-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
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Burgermeister E, Pessara U, Tibes U, Küster A, Heinrich PC, Scheuer WV. Inhibition of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) attenuates activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases in human monocytic cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2000; 388:195-208. [PMID: 10675727 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00816-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Eicosanoids and platelet-activating factor generated upon activation of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) enhance activity of transcription factors and synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines. Here, we show that selective inhibitors and antisense oligonucleotides against this enzyme suppressed expression of the interleukin-1beta gene at the level of transcription and promoter activation in human monocytic cell lines. This inhibitory effect was due to failure of activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) through phosphorylation by upstream mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MKK). Consequently, phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor-kappaBalpha (I-kappaBalpha) and subsequent cytoplasmic mobilization, DNA-binding and the transactivating potential of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB), nuclear factor-interleukin-6 (NF-IL6), activation protein-1 (AP-1) and signal-transducer-and-activator-of-transcription-1 (STAT-1) were impaired. It is concluded, that lipid mediators promote activation of MAPKs, which in turn lead to phosphorylation and liberation of active transcription factors. Since inhibition of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) ameliorates inflammation in vivo, this potency may reside in interference with the MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Burgermeister
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Roche Diagnostics, Nonnenwald. 2, D-82372, Penzberg, Germany
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Burgermeister E, Tibes U, Stockinger H, Scheuer WV. Activation of nuclear factor-kappaB by lipopolysaccharide in mononuclear leukocytes is prevented by inhibitors of cytosolic phospholipase A2. Eur J Pharmacol 1999; 369:373-86. [PMID: 10225377 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00011-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In monocytes, lipopolysaccharide induces synthesis and activity of the 85-kDa cytosolic phospholipase A2. This enzyme releases arachidonic acid and lyso-phospholipids from membranes which are metabolized to eicosanoids and platelet-activating-factor. These lipid mediators increase activity of transcription factors and expression of cytokine genes indicating a function for cytosolic phospholipase A2 in signal transduction and inflammation. We have shown previously that trifluoromethylketone inhibitors of cytosolic phospholipase A2 suppressed interleukin-1beta protein and steady-state mRNA levels in human lipopolysaccharide-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes. In this study, the subcellular mechanisms were analyzed by which trifluoromethylketones interfere with gene expression. We found that they reduced the initial interleukin-1beta mRNA transcription rate through prevention of degradation of inhibitor-kappaB alpha. Consequently, cytosolic activation, nuclear translocation and DNA-binding of nuclear factor-kappaB were decreased. Trifluoromethylketones ameliorate chronic inflammation in vivo. Thus, this therapeutic potency may reside in retention of inactive nuclear factor-kappaB in the cytosol thereby abrogating interleukin-1beta gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Burgermeister
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Roche Diagnostics, Penzberg, Germany
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