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Kostromina MA, Tukhovskaya EA, Shaykhutdinova ER, Palikova YA, Palikov VA, Slashcheva GA, Ismailova AM, Kravchenko IN, Dyachenko IA, Zayats EA, Abramchik YA, Murashev AN, Esipov RS. Unified Methodology for the Primary Preclinical In Vivo Screening of New Anticoagulant Pharmaceutical Agents from Hematophagous Organisms. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3986. [PMID: 38612796 PMCID: PMC11011928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of novel anticoagulants requires a comprehensive investigational approach that is capable of characterizing different aspects of antithrombotic activity. The necessary experiments include both in vitro assays and studies on animal models. The required in vivo approaches include the assessment of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles and studies of hemorrhagic and antithrombotic effects. Comparison of anticoagulants with different mechanisms of action and administration types requires unification of the experiment scheme and its adaptation to existing laboratory conditions. The rodent thrombosis models in combination with the assessment of hemostasis parameters and hematological analysis are the classic methods for conducting preclinical studies. We report an approach for the comparative study of the activity of different anticoagulants in vivo, including the investigation of pharmacodynamics and the assessment of hemorrhagic effects (tail-cut bleeding model) and pathological thrombus formation (inferior vena cava stenosis model of venous thrombosis). The reproducibility and uniformity of our set of experiments were illustrated on unfractionated heparin and dabigatran etexilate (the most common pharmaceuticals in antithrombic therapy) as comparator drugs and an experimental drug variegin from the tick Amblyomma variegatum. Variegin is notorious since it is a potential analogue of bivalirudin (Angiomax, Novartis AG, Basel, Switzerland), which is now being actively introduced into antithrombotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Kostromina
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Technologies, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A. Tukhovskaya
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, ProspektNauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elvira R. Shaykhutdinova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, ProspektNauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuliya A. Palikova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, ProspektNauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktor A. Palikov
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, ProspektNauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gulsara A. Slashcheva
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, ProspektNauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina M. Ismailova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, ProspektNauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina N. Kravchenko
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, ProspektNauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor A. Dyachenko
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, ProspektNauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeniy A. Zayats
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Technologies, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuliya A. Abramchik
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Technologies, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Arkady N. Murashev
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, ProspektNauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman S. Esipov
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Technologies, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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Tikhonova IV, Dyukina AR, Grinevich AA, Shaykhutdinova ER, Safronova VG. Changed regulation of granulocyte NADPH oxidase activity in the mouse model of obesity-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 216:33-45. [PMID: 38479632 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
NADPH oxidase is a target of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which causes dysregulation of enzyme. Alterations in regulation of NADPH oxidase activity mediated receptor and non-receptor signaling in bone marrow granulocytes of mice with obesity-induced T2DM were studied. The animals fed high fat diet (516 kcal/100 g) for 16 weeks. NADPH oxidase-related generation of reactive species (RS) at normo- and hyperthermia was estimated using chemiluminescent analysis. The redox status of the cells was assessed by Redox Sensor Red CC-1. Baseline biochemical indicators in blood (glucose, cholesterol, HDL and LDL levels) were significant higher in T2DM mice versus controls. Using specific inhibitors, signaling mediated by formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) to NADPH oxidase was shown to involve PLC, PKC, cytochrome p450 in both control and T2DM groups and PLA2 in controls. In T2DM regulation of NADPH oxidase activity via mFpr1, a high-affinity receptors, occurred with a significant increase of the role of PKC isoforms and suppression of PLA2 participation. Significant differences between this regulation via mFpr2, low-affinity receptors, were not found. Non-receptor activation of NADPH oxidase with ionomycin (Ca2+ ionophore) or phorbol ester (direct activator of PKC isoforms) did not revealed differences in the kinetic parameters between groups at 37 °C and 40 °C. When these agents were used together (synergistic effect), lower sensitivity of cells to ionophore was observed in T2DM at both temperatures. Redox status in responses to opsonized zymosan was higher in T2DM mice at 37 °C and similar to control levels at 40 °C. ROC-analysis identified Tmax, RS production and effect of opsonized zymosan as the most significant predictors for discriminating between groups. It was concluded that Ca2+-dependent/PKC-mediated regulation of NADPH oxidase activity was altered in BM granulocytes from diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Tikhonova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st., 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia.
| | - Alsu R Dyukina
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st., 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
| | - Andrei A Grinevich
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st., 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
| | - Elvira R Shaykhutdinova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Nauki, 6, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
| | - Valentina G Safronova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st., 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
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Shaykhutdinova ER, Severyukhina MS, Kholoshenko IV, Gondarenko EA, Shelukhina IV, Kryukova EV, Ismailova AM, Sadovnikova ES, Dyachenko IA, Murashev AN, Tsetlin VI, Utkin YN. Anti-smoking drugs cytisine and varenicline reduce cardiac reperfusion injury in rat model of myocardial ischemia. Biochimie 2024; 216:108-119. [PMID: 37871826 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Evidence to date indicates that activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) can reduce cardiac injury from ischemia and subsequent reperfusion. The use of nAChR agonists in various animal models leads to a reduction in reperfusion injury. Earlier this effect was shown for the agonists of α7 nAChR subtype. In this work, we demonstrated the expression of mRNA encoding α4, α6 and β2 nAChR subunits in the left ventricle of rat heart. In a rat model of myocardial ischemia, we studied the effect of α4β2 nAChR agonists cytisine and varenicline, medicines used for the treatment of nicotine addiction, and found them to significantly reduce myocardium ischemia-reperfusion injury, varenicline manifesting a higher protection. Dihydro-β-erythroidine, antagonist of α4β2 nAChR, as well as methyllycaconitine, antagonist of α7 and α6β2-containing nAChR, prevented protective effect of varenicline. This together with the presence of α4, α6 and β2 subunit mRNA in the left ventricule of rat heart raises the possibility that the varenicline effect is mediated by α4β2 as well as by α7 and/or α6β2-containing receptors. Our results point to a new way for the use of cytisine and varenicline as cardioprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira R Shaykhutdinova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290, Pushchino, Russia.
| | - Maria S Severyukhina
- Pushchino Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Russian Biotechnological University (BIOTECH University)", 3 Prospekt Nauki, 142290, Pushchino, Russia.
| | - Inna V Kholoshenko
- Department of Molecular Neuroimmune Signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (IBCh RAS), 16/10 Miklukho-Maklay Str., 117997, Moscow, Russia; Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 9 Miusskaya square, 125047, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Elena A Gondarenko
- Department of Molecular Neuroimmune Signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (IBCh RAS), 16/10 Miklukho-Maklay Str., 117997, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Irina V Shelukhina
- Department of Molecular Neuroimmune Signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (IBCh RAS), 16/10 Miklukho-Maklay Str., 117997, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Elena V Kryukova
- Department of Molecular Neuroimmune Signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (IBCh RAS), 16/10 Miklukho-Maklay Str., 117997, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alina M Ismailova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290, Pushchino, Russia.
| | - Elena S Sadovnikova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290, Pushchino, Russia.
| | - Igor A Dyachenko
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290, Pushchino, Russia.
| | - Arkady N Murashev
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290, Pushchino, Russia.
| | - Victor I Tsetlin
- Department of Molecular Neuroimmune Signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (IBCh RAS), 16/10 Miklukho-Maklay Str., 117997, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yuri N Utkin
- Department of Molecular Neuroimmune Signaling, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (IBCh RAS), 16/10 Miklukho-Maklay Str., 117997, Moscow, Russia.
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Severyukhina MS, Ismailova AM, Shaykhutdinova ER, Dyachenko IA, Egorova NS, Murashev AN, Tsetlin VI, Utkin YN. Synthetic Peptide Fragments of the Wtx Toxin Reduce Blood Pressure in Rats under General Anesthesia. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2023; 513:319-323. [PMID: 37700213 PMCID: PMC10808285 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672923700497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Previously, it was shown that the non-conventional toxin WTX from the venom of the cobra Naja kaouthia, when administered intravenously, caused a decrease in blood pressure (BP) and an increase in heart rate (HR) in rats [13]. To identify the site of the toxin molecule responsible for these effects, we studied the influence of synthetic peptide fragments of the WTX on BP and HR in normotensive male Sprague-Dawley rats under general anesthesia induced by Telazol and Xylazine. It was found that peptides corresponding to the WTX central polypeptide loop, stabilized by a disulfide bond, at intravenous injection at concentrations from 0.1 to 1.0 mg/mL caused a dose-dependent decrease in BP, with the HR increasing only in the first 5-10 min after administration. Thus, WTX fragments corresponding to the central polypeptide loop reproduce the decrease in blood pressure caused by the toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Severyukhina
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
- Pushchino State Natural-Science Institute, Pushchino, Russia
| | - A M Ismailova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - E R Shaykhutdinova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - I A Dyachenko
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - N S Egorova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A N Murashev
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - V I Tsetlin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu N Utkin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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5
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Severyukhina MS, Ismailova AM, Shaykhutdinova ER, Dyachenko IA, Egorova NS, Murashev AN, Tsetlin VI, Utkin YN. Erratum to: Synthetic Peptide Fragments of the Wtx Toxin Reduce Blood Pressure in Rats under General Anesthesia. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2023; 513:355. [PMID: 38267779 PMCID: PMC10808160 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672923050095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1607672923050095
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Severyukhina
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
- Pushchino State Natural-Science Institute, Pushchino, Russia
| | - A M Ismailova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - E R Shaykhutdinova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - I A Dyachenko
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - N S Egorova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A N Murashev
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - V I Tsetlin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu N Utkin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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Danilkovich AV, Turobov VI, Palikov VA, Palikova YA, Shepelyakovskaya AO, Mikhaylov ES, Slashcheva GA, Shadrina TE, Shaykhutdinova ER, Rasskazova EA, Tukhovskaya EA, Khokhlova ON, Dyachenko IA, Ismailova AM, Zinchenko DV, Navolotskaya EV, Lipkin VM, Murashev AN, Udovichenko IP. C-Terminal Region of Caveolin-3 Contains a Stretch of Amino Acid Residues Capable of Diminishing Symptoms of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis but Not Rheumatoid Arthritis Modeled in Rats. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2855. [PMID: 37893228 PMCID: PMC10603933 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A short synthetic peptide from the C-terminal part of the caveolin-3 structure was tested for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) treatment in rats. The structure-function similarity established between the novel synthetic peptide of pCav3 and the well-known immunomodulator immunocortin determined pCav3's ability to reduce EAE symptoms in Dark Agouti (DA) rats injected with pCav3 (500 µg/kg). pCav3 was found to interfere with the proliferation of lymphocytes extracted from the LNs of DA rats primed with homogenate injection, with IC50 = 0.42 μM (2.35 mcg/mL). pCav3 affected EAE in a very similar manner as immunocortin. The high degree of homology between the amino acid sequences of pCav3 and immunocortin corresponded well with the therapeutic activities of both peptides, as demonstrated on EAE. The latter peptide, possessing a homologous structure to pCav3, was also tested on EAE to explore whether there were structural restrictions between these peptides implied by the MHC-involved cell machinery. Consequently, immunocortin was further examined with a different autoimmune disease model, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), established in Sprague-Dawley rats. CIA was established using an intentionally different genetic platform than EAE. Based on the results, it was concluded that the effectiveness of pCav3 and immunocortin peptides in EAE rat model was almost identical, but differed in the rat model of rheumatoid arthritis; thus, efficacy may be sensitive to the MHC type of animals used to establish the autoimmune disease model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V. Danilkovich
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
- Fundamental Biotechnology Department, RosBioTech University at Pushchino, 3 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Valery I. Turobov
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Victor A. Palikov
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Yulia A. Palikova
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Anna O. Shepelyakovskaya
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Evgeniy S. Mikhaylov
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Gulsara A. Slashcheva
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Tatiana E. Shadrina
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Elvira R. Shaykhutdinova
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Rasskazova
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Elena A. Tukhovskaya
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Oksana N. Khokhlova
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Igor A. Dyachenko
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
- Fundamental Biotechnology Department, RosBioTech University at Pushchino, 3 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Alina M. Ismailova
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Dmitry V. Zinchenko
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Elena V. Navolotskaya
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Valery M. Lipkin
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Arkady N. Murashev
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
- Fundamental Biotechnology Department, RosBioTech University at Pushchino, 3 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Igor. P. Udovichenko
- State Center for Sciences by Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (BIBCh RAS), 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Russia (O.N.K.); (D.V.Z.)
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7
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Tukhovskaya EA, Shaykhutdinova ER, Pakhomova IA, Slashcheva GA, Goryacheva NA, Sadovnikova ES, Rasskazova EA, Kazakov VA, Dyachenko IA, Frolova AA, Brovkin AN, Kaluzhsky VE, Beburov MY, Murashev AN. AICAR Improves Outcomes of Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes Induced by High-Fat Diet in C57Bl/6 Male Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415719. [PMID: 36555360 PMCID: PMC9778872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of AMP-activated protein kinase activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) on the consequences of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes induced by the consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) in male C57Bl/6 mice. Additionally, the animals from group 6 were administered Methotrexate (MTX) at a dose of 1 mg/kg in parallel with AICAR, which slows down the metabolism of AICAR. The animals were recorded with signs of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus by recording their body weights, glucose and insulin levels, and the calculating HOMA-IRs. At the end of the study, at the end of the 13th week, during necropsy, the internal organs were assessed, the masses of the organs were recorded, and special attention was paid to visceral fat, assessing its amount and the mass of the fat surrounding epididymis. The biochemical parameters and histology of the internal organs and tissues were assessed. The animals showed signs of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, namely, weight gain, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, an increase in the amount and mass of abdominal fat, and metabolic disorders, all expressed in a pathological change in biochemical parameters and pathological changes in internal organs. The AICAR treatment led to a decrease in body weight, a decrease in the amount and mass of abdominal fat, and an improvement in the pathomorphological picture of internal organs. However, some hepatotoxic effects were observed when the animals, on a received standard diet (STD), were treated with AICAR starting from the first day of the study. The additional administration of MTX, an AICAR metabolic inhibitor, did not improve its efficacy. Thus, AICAR has therapeutic potential for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A. Tukhovskaya
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Nauki, 6, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Elvira R. Shaykhutdinova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Nauki, 6, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina A. Pakhomova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Nauki, 6, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gulsara A. Slashcheva
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Nauki, 6, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalya A. Goryacheva
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Nauki, 6, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena S. Sadovnikova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Nauki, 6, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A. Rasskazova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Nauki, 6, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaly A. Kazakov
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Nauki, 6, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor A. Dyachenko
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Nauki, 6, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina A. Frolova
- LLC “OKA-BIOTECH”, Novatorov St., d. 34, bldg. 7, apt. 42, 119421 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey N. Brovkin
- LLC “OKA-BIOTECH”, Novatorov St., d. 34, bldg. 7, apt. 42, 119421 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasiliy E. Kaluzhsky
- LLC “OKA-BIOTECH”, Novatorov St., d. 34, bldg. 7, apt. 42, 119421 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Yu. Beburov
- LLC “OKA-BIOTECH”, Novatorov St., d. 34, bldg. 7, apt. 42, 119421 Moscow, Russia
| | - Arkady N. Murashev
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Nauki, 6, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow, Russia
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8
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Shaykhutdinova ER, Kondrakhina AE, Ivanov IA, Kudryavtsev DS, Dyachenko IA, Murashev AN, Tsetlin VI, Utkin YN. Synthetic Analogs of 6-Bromohypaphorine, a Natural Agonist of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, Reduce Cardiac Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Model of Myocardial Ischemia. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2022; 503:47-51. [PMID: 35538277 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672922020132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The data available to date indicate that the activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) of α7 type can reduce heart damage resulting from ischemia and subsequent reperfusion. We have studied two new synthetic D-analogs of 6-bromohypaphorine, which are selective agonists of α7 nAChR, in a rat model of myocardial ischemia. Acute myocardial infarction in animals was induced by occlusion of the left coronary artery with its subsequent reperfusion under mechanical lung ventilation. It was found that one of the analogs was more active, and treatment with it at the onset of reperfusion statistically reduced infarct size. This analog also prevented changes in the concentration of potassium and sodium ions in the blood, occurring during occlusion/reperfusion injury. The data obtained indicate that hypaphorine analogs are promising for the development of drugs that reduce the adverse effects of myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Shaykhutdinova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Pushchino Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - A E Kondrakhina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Pushchino Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - I A Ivanov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - D S Kudryavtsev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - I A Dyachenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Pushchino Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - A N Murashev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Pushchino Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - V I Tsetlin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu N Utkin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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9
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Tukhovskaya EA, Ismailova AM, Shaykhutdinova ER, Slashcheva GA, Prudchenko IA, Mikhaleva II, Khokhlova ON, Murashev AN, Ivanov VT. Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide Recovers Motor Function in SD Rats after Focal Stroke. Molecules 2021; 26:5173. [PMID: 34500605 PMCID: PMC8434407 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Mutual effect of the preliminary and therapeutic intranasal treatment of SD rats with DSIP (8 days) on the outcome of focal stroke, induced with intraluminal middle cerebral occlusion (MCAO), was investigated. Materials and Methods: The groups were the following: MCAO + vehicle, MCAO + DSIP, and SHAM-operated. DSIP or vehicle was applied nasally 60 (±15) minutes prior to the occlusion and for 7 days after reperfusion at dose 120 µg/kg. The battery of behavioral tests was performed on 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after MCAO. Motor coordination and balance and bilateral asymmetry were tested. At the end of the study, animals were euthanized, and their brains were perfused, serial cryoslices were made, and infarction volume in them was calculated. Results: Although brain infarction in DSIP-treated animals was smaller than in vehicle-treated animals, the difference was not significant. However, motor performance in the rotarod test significantly recovered in DSIP-treated animals. Conclusions: Intranasal administration of DSIP in the course of 8 days leads to accelerated recovery of motor functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A. Tukhovskaya
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Prospekt Nauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.I.); (E.R.S.); (G.A.S.); (O.N.K.); (A.N.M.)
| | - Alina M. Ismailova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Prospekt Nauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.I.); (E.R.S.); (G.A.S.); (O.N.K.); (A.N.M.)
| | - Elvira R. Shaykhutdinova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Prospekt Nauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.I.); (E.R.S.); (G.A.S.); (O.N.K.); (A.N.M.)
| | - Gulsara A. Slashcheva
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Prospekt Nauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.I.); (E.R.S.); (G.A.S.); (O.N.K.); (A.N.M.)
| | - Igor A. Prudchenko
- Laboratory of Peptide Chemistry, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.A.P.); (I.I.M.); (V.T.I.)
| | - Inessa I. Mikhaleva
- Laboratory of Peptide Chemistry, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.A.P.); (I.I.M.); (V.T.I.)
| | - Oksana N. Khokhlova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Prospekt Nauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.I.); (E.R.S.); (G.A.S.); (O.N.K.); (A.N.M.)
| | - Arkady N. Murashev
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Prospekt Nauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia; (A.M.I.); (E.R.S.); (G.A.S.); (O.N.K.); (A.N.M.)
| | - Vadim T. Ivanov
- Laboratory of Peptide Chemistry, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.A.P.); (I.I.M.); (V.T.I.)
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10
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Tukhovskaya EA, Shaykhutdinova ER, Ismailova AM, Slashcheva GA, Prudchenko IA, Mikhaleva II, Khokhlova ON, Murashev AN, Ivanov VT. DSIP-Like KND Peptide Reduces Brain Infarction in C57Bl/6 and Reduces Myocardial Infarction in SD Rats When Administered during Reperfusion. Biomedicines 2021; 9:407. [PMID: 33918965 PMCID: PMC8069497 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A structural analogue of the DSIP, peptide KND, previously showed higher detoxification efficacy upon administration of the cytotoxic drug cisplatin, compared to DSIP. DSIP and KND were investigated using the model of acute myocardial infarction in male SD rats and the model of acute focal stroke in C57Bl/6 mice. A significant decrease in the myocardial infarction area was registered in KND-treated animals relative to saline-treated control animals (19.1 ± 7.3% versus 42.1 ± 9.2%). The brain infarction volume was significantly lower in animals intranasally treated with KND compared to the control saline-treated animals (7.4 ± 3.5% versus 12.2 ± 5.6%). Injection of KND in the first minute of reperfusion in the models of myocardial infarction and cerebral stroke reduced infarction of these organs, indicating a pronounced cardioprotective and neuroprotective effect of KND and potentiality for the treatment of ischemia-reperfusion injuries after transient ischemic attacks on the heart and brain, when administered during the reperfusion period. A preliminary pilot study using the model of myocardial infarction with the administration of DSIP during occlusion, and the model of cerebral stroke with the administration of KND during occlusion, resulted in 100% mortality in animals. Thus, in the case of ischemia-reperfusion injuries of the myocardium and the brain, use of these peptides is only possible during reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A. Tukhovskaya
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Prospekt Nauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia; (E.R.S.); (A.M.I.); (G.A.S.); (O.N.K.); (A.N.M.)
| | - Elvira R. Shaykhutdinova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Prospekt Nauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia; (E.R.S.); (A.M.I.); (G.A.S.); (O.N.K.); (A.N.M.)
| | - Alina M. Ismailova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Prospekt Nauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia; (E.R.S.); (A.M.I.); (G.A.S.); (O.N.K.); (A.N.M.)
| | - Gulsara A. Slashcheva
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Prospekt Nauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia; (E.R.S.); (A.M.I.); (G.A.S.); (O.N.K.); (A.N.M.)
| | - Igor A. Prudchenko
- Laboratory of Peptide Chemistry, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.A.P.); (I.I.M.); (V.T.I.)
| | - Inessa I. Mikhaleva
- Laboratory of Peptide Chemistry, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.A.P.); (I.I.M.); (V.T.I.)
| | - Oksana N. Khokhlova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Prospekt Nauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia; (E.R.S.); (A.M.I.); (G.A.S.); (O.N.K.); (A.N.M.)
| | - Arkady N. Murashev
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Prospekt Nauki, 6, 142290 Moscow, Russia; (E.R.S.); (A.M.I.); (G.A.S.); (O.N.K.); (A.N.M.)
| | - Vadim T. Ivanov
- Laboratory of Peptide Chemistry, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.A.P.); (I.I.M.); (V.T.I.)
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11
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Leonova EI, Sadovnikova ES, Shaykhutdinova ER, Galzitskaya OV, Murashev AN, Solonin AS. Hepatic and Aortic Arch Expression and Serum Levels of Syndecan-1 in ApoE -/- Mice. Open Biochem J 2017; 11:77-93. [PMID: 29151984 PMCID: PMC5676011 DOI: 10.2174/1874091x01711010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) syndecan-1 (Sdc1) acts as a receptor for triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), growth factors, chemokines and enzymes. Due to the disordered structure, its function is as diverse as its ligands. In this paper, we have analyzed hepatic and aortic arch expression of Sdc1 in ApoE-/- mice and examined their association with biochemical changes in plasma during the atheroma formation. Methods: ApoE knockout (ApoE-/-) mice as a model of atherosclerosis were used. Plasma chemistry parameters were estimated by automatic biochemical analyzer. The ELISA test was used to detect soluble Sdc1. The mRNA level of syndecan-1 in liver cells and aortic arch was determined by real time PCR. Results: The Sdc1 mRNA level in liver cells was 1.5-2.5 times higher in ApoE-/- mice compared to the wild-type species and increased with age, whereas it remained at the same level in wild-type mice upon aging. Furthermore, the plasma cholesterol level was 4-6 times higher in ApoE-/- mice compared to the wild type; in contrast, triglyceride (TG) remained at the same level. Simultaneously, the expression of Sdc1 in the aortic arch of ApoE-/- mice decreases with age; however, it increases in wild-type mice of the same age. We determined that the Sdc1 mRNA expression in liver cells is significantly higher compared to the cells of aortic arch. In addition, our research demonstrated that the level of soluble Sdc1 slightly increased with age and did not depend on mouse genotype; yet, the total amount of soluble Sdc1 was higher in ApoE-/- mice. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the level of soluble Sdc1 in serum of mice can be associated with chronic inflammation. In addition, we hypothesized that a compensatory increase in the Sdc1 expression in ApoE-/- mice may prevent accumulation of triglycerides in serum, yet having no effect on cholesterol accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena I Leonova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow Region, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
| | - Elena S Sadovnikova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Elvira R Shaykhutdinova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Oxana V Galzitskaya
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow Region, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Arkady N Murashev
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Alexandr S Solonin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow Region, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
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12
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Khokhlova ON, Tukhovskaya EA, Kravchenko IN, Sadovnikova ES, Pakhomova IA, Kalabina EA, Lobanov AV, Shaykhutdinova ER, Ismailova AM, Murashev AN. Using Tiletamine-Zolazepam-Xylazine Anesthesia Compared to CO 2-inhalation for Terminal Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, and Coagulation Analysis in Mice. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2016; 84:11-19. [PMID: 27773843 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is important that the method of anesthesia of mice does not considerably alter the animal's physiological and metabolic status before terminal blood sampling taken in order to analyze clinical pathology parameters. METHODS Hematology, hemostasis, and clinical chemistry parameters were compared in male and female BALB/c mice exposed to either tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine (TZX) anesthesia or euthanasia in carbon dioxide (CO2) chamber to reveal an alternative method of anesthesia vs. the recommended CO2 inhalation. Blood samples were taken from the inferior vena cava. RESULTS Clinical blood parameters in mice exposed to CO2 inhalation or TZX anesthesia proved to be substantially different. The TZX group had lower activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and fibrinogen (statistically in males and tending in females) and lower platelets (PLT), red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), and white blood cells (WBC) in both sexes. TZX anesthesia resulted in lower blood serum concentrations of total protein, albumin and globulins, creatinine in males (higher in females); cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase (АLT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) in both sexes, and bilirubin in males. The calcium level decreased in TZX-anesthetized males and females while the phosphates decreased only in females. The volume of serum obtained from females of TZX group was approximately two times higher than in the CO2-anesthetized group, with the degree of hemolysis tending to decrease. DISCUSSION The studied method of mouse anesthesia, followed by terminal blood sampling and analysis of clinical pathology parameters, suggests that TZX is a good alternative to CO2 inhalation in toxicological and other nonclinical studies. The differences in hemostasis, hematology, and clinical chemistry parameters between these groups are supposedly associated with alterations in physiological and metabolic status of mice under conditions of increasing hypoxia, respiratory standstill, and circulatory arrest after CO2 inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana N Khokhlova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Nauki Avenue, Pushchino 142290, Russia.
| | - Elena A Tukhovskaya
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Nauki Avenue, Pushchino 142290, Russia.
| | - Irina N Kravchenko
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Nauki Avenue, Pushchino 142290, Russia.
| | - Elena S Sadovnikova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Nauki Avenue, Pushchino 142290, Russia.
| | - Irina A Pakhomova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Nauki Avenue, Pushchino 142290, Russia.
| | - Elena A Kalabina
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Nauki Avenue, Pushchino 142290, Russia.
| | - Alexander V Lobanov
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Nauki Avenue, Pushchino 142290, Russia.
| | - Elvira R Shaykhutdinova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Nauki Avenue, Pushchino 142290, Russia.
| | - Alina M Ismailova
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Nauki Avenue, Pushchino 142290, Russia.
| | - Arkady N Murashev
- Biological Testing Laboratory, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Nauki Avenue, Pushchino 142290, Russia.
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