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Jacquelet E, Beretti J, De-Tassigny A, Girardot-Tinant N, Wenisch E, Lachaux A, Pheulpin MC, Poujois A, Woimant F. [Compliance with treatment in Wilson's disease: On the interest of a multidisciplinary closer follow-up]. Rev Med Interne 2017; 39:155-160. [PMID: 29274796 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compliance with treatment is very important for patients who suffer from Wilson's disease, a rare genetic disorder. They can benefit a long-life and effective treatment. The purpose of our study is to identify the level of compliance in Wilson's disease patients and features associated with compliance as well. METHODS This is a prospective study carried out in the National Reference Center for Wilson Disease (based in Paris and Lyon) over a 8 months period. Patients were evaluated on the first (M0) and last month (M8) with a questionnaire evaluating the number of missed treatment doses, a self-questionnaire collecting the reasons for non-compliance, and analogic scales analyzing the doctor-patient relationship and their behavior towards the treatment. The severity of depression symptoms was investigated by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). A detailed phone call interview was conducted by a psychologist every two months to evaluate their compliance and feeling. RESULTS Thirty-nine patients were included. The mean age of patients was 34 years (±9.9). At M0, 84.6% had a poor compliance with treatment. They were diagnosed more recently (P=0.049) with a higher proportion involving neurological disorders (P=0.007). Age, the type of treatment and the quality of the doctor-patient relationship were not associated with the outcome; 38.5% suffered from depressive symptoms. At M8, 56.8% of patients were poor compliants and 21.6% presented depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Wilsons's disease patients have important problems with compliance, without necessary being depressed. A close follow-up may help them become compliant, particularly those with neurological symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jacquelet
- Centre national de référence de la maladie de Wilson, hôpital Lariboisière, 2, rue Ambroise-Paré, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France; Laboratoire UTRPP, université Paris 13, 99, avenue Jean-Baptiste-Clément, 93430 Villetaneuse, France.
| | - J Beretti
- Centre national de référence de la maladie de Wilson, hôpital Lariboisière, 2, rue Ambroise-Paré, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France
| | - A De-Tassigny
- Centre national de référence de la maladie de Wilson, hôpital Lariboisière, 2, rue Ambroise-Paré, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France
| | - N Girardot-Tinant
- Centre national de référence de la maladie de Wilson, hôpital Lariboisière, 2, rue Ambroise-Paré, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France
| | - E Wenisch
- Centre national de référence de la maladie de Wilson, hôpital Lariboisière, 2, rue Ambroise-Paré, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France
| | - A Lachaux
- Service d'hépatologie-gastro-entérologie et nutrition pédiatriques, hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, CHU de Lyon, 39, avenue Doyen-Jean-Lépine, 69500 Bron, France
| | - M-C Pheulpin
- Université Paris 13, 99, avenue Jean-Baptiste-Clément, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - A Poujois
- Centre national de référence de la maladie de Wilson, hôpital Lariboisière, 2, rue Ambroise-Paré, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France
| | - F Woimant
- Centre national de référence de la maladie de Wilson, hôpital Lariboisière, 2, rue Ambroise-Paré, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France
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Trocello JM, Osmani K, Pernon M, Chevaillier G, de Brugière C, Remy P, Wenisch E, Cousin C, Girardot-Tinant N, Woimant F. Hypersialorrhea in Wilson's Disease. Dysphagia 2015. [PMID: 26209285 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-015-9627-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hypersialorrhea, corresponding to excessive salivation is a symptom frequently reported in Wilson's disease, especially in its neurological form. The prevalence of this frequent complaint has not been often evaluated. During a 7-month period, 87 consecutive Wilson's disease patients answered to the simple question "do you have the sensation of excess saliva in your mouth?" to evaluate the frequency of this symptom. A sub-sample of 10 consecutive Wilson's disease patients with drooling was recruited to undergo quantitative and qualitative measures to evaluate the mechanism of hypersialorrhea. Excessive drooling or excess saliva was found in 46 % of patients followed at the French Reference Centre. Ninety-eight percent of them presented neurological symptoms and drooling was found in only one patient without neurological symptoms. Our study showed that patients with a complaint of excessive saliva produced significantly higher quantities of saliva at rest than controls. Endoscopic examination was abnormal in six patients. A significant decrease of swallowing frequency, longer swallow latencies, and poor swallowing capacities may partly explain the salivary stasis. Oropharyngeal sensitivity disorders were present in 50 % of our patients. The decrease of the swallowing frequency observed in all patients could be related to cognitive and behavioral abnormalities with initiation difficulties objectified by longer latencies triggered by all the ingested volumes. This study confirmed the hypothesis of a multifactorial origin of hypersialorrhea in patients who have been diagnosed in Wilson's disease. It was essential to evaluate drooling with a multidisciplinary consultation to better identify the underlying mechanisms and to implement strategies for speech therapy and therapeutic adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Trocello
- French Reference Centre for Wilson's Disease, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75010, Paris, France.
| | - Karima Osmani
- French Reference Centre for Wilson's Disease, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Michaela Pernon
- French Reference Centre for Wilson's Disease, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Gérard Chevaillier
- Service ORL, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Claire de Brugière
- Service ORL, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Remy
- French Reference Centre for Wilson's Disease, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Emilie Wenisch
- French Reference Centre for Wilson's Disease, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Cousin
- French Reference Centre for Wilson's Disease, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Nadège Girardot-Tinant
- French Reference Centre for Wilson's Disease, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75010, Paris, France
| | - France Woimant
- French Reference Centre for Wilson's Disease, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75010, Paris, France.
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Moutton S, Fergelot P, Trocello JM, Plante-Bordeneuve V, Houcinat N, Wenisch E, Larue V, Brugières P, Clot F, Lacombe D, Arveiler B, Goizet C. A novel FTL mutation responsible for neuroferritinopathy with asymmetric clinical features and brain anomalies. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2014; 20:935-7. [PMID: 24907184 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Moutton
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire MRGM: Maladies Rares, Génétique et Métabolisme, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Patricia Fergelot
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire MRGM: Maladies Rares, Génétique et Métabolisme, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Marc Trocello
- Centre national de référence de la maladie de Wilson, service de neurologie, APHP, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | | | - Nada Houcinat
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire MRGM: Maladies Rares, Génétique et Métabolisme, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Emilie Wenisch
- Centre national de référence de la maladie de Wilson, service de neurologie, APHP, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Larue
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre Brugières
- Service de neuroradiologie, APHP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Creteil, France
| | - Fabienne Clot
- UF de Neurogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Département de Génétique, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Paris, France
| | - Didier Lacombe
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire MRGM: Maladies Rares, Génétique et Métabolisme, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Benoit Arveiler
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire MRGM: Maladies Rares, Génétique et Métabolisme, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cyril Goizet
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire MRGM: Maladies Rares, Génétique et Métabolisme, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Wenisch E, De Tassigny A, Trocello JM, Beretti J, Girardot-Tinant N, Woimant F. Cognitive profile in Wilson's disease: a case series of 31 patients. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2013; 169:944-9. [PMID: 24120329 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wilson's disease (WD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism. If untreated, WD, which is initially a liver disease, can turn into a multi-systemic disease with neurological involvement. Very few studies have described cognitive impairment in WD. The aim of this study is to report the cognitive profile of 31 treated WD patients. METHODS Patients were classed into two groups using the Unified Wilson Disease Rating Scale (UWDRS): WD patients without neurological signs (WD-N(-)) (n=13), and WD patients with neurological signs (WD-N(+)) (n=18). The patients participated in a neuropsychological assessment evaluating memory, executive function and visuo-spatial abilities. RESULTS Both groups performed well for verbal intelligence and episodic memory skills. However, the majority of these patients exhibited altered performance for at least one cognitive test, particularly in the executive domain. The WD-N(+) group performed less well than the WD-N(-) group on cognitive tests involving rapid motor function, abstract thinking, working memory and top-down inhibitory control. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive impairment in treated WD patients essentially affects executive function involving fronto-striatal circuits. Verbal intelligence and episodic memory abilities seem to be remarkably preserved. Neuropsychological assessment is a valuable tool to evaluate the presence and the consequences of these cognitive impairments in WD patients with or without neurological signs in the course of this chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wenisch
- French national reference centre for Wilson's disease, neurology department, Lariboisière hospital, 2, rue Ambroise-Paré, 75010 Paris cedex 10, France.
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Wenisch E, De Tassigny A, Yssaad-Fesselier R, Beretti J, Trocello JM, Woimant F. Profil cognitif dans la maladie de Wilson : étude de 64 cas. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2012.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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de Rotrou J, Cantegreil I, Faucounau V, Wenisch E, Chausson C, Jegou D, Grabar S, Rigaud AS. Do patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease benefit from a psycho-educational programme for family caregivers? A randomised controlled study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2011; 26:833-42. [PMID: 20922772 DOI: 10.1002/gps.2611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Aide dans la Maladie d'Alzheimer (AIDMA) study was conducted to determine whether a psycho-educational programme (PEP) for primary caregivers in addition to standard anti-dementia drugs for patients improves caregivers' psychological condition and patients' activities of daily life. METHOD Multicentre randomised controlled intervention trial. One hundred and sixty-seven dyads 'patient-caregiver' were recruited from 15 French memory clinics and randomised in two parallel groups. The intervention group was offered the PEP in 12 group sessions for 3 months. The control group had usual care. Patients in both groups with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) were diagnosed and treated with pharmacotherapy. Patients' primary efficacy variable was functional status assessed with the Disability Assessment Scale for Dementia (DAD) scale. Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-Cog) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) were secondary criteria. Caregivers' first outcome measure was depressive symptoms assessed with the Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scale. Zarit scale, Sense of Competence Questionnaire (SCQ) and Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) were secondary criteria. Assessment was done at baseline, 3 months (M3, end of intervention) and 6 months (M6). RESULTS Patients' stabilisation was observed in both groups. In caregivers, significant improvement in disease understanding at M3 (p = 0.007) and M6 (p = 0.0001) and in ability to cope with care-recipients' disease at M6 (0.02) was evidenced. CONCLUSION The PEP had no additional impact on patients but carers developed more effective disease understanding and ability of coping. Results support the idea that the PEP although improving caregivers' condition is not sufficient to improve patients' activities in daily life which requires additional individually tailored interventions provided by professionals.
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Duron E, Wenisch E, Joucdar T, Rigaud AS, Seux ML, Boudali Y, Schwald N, Chahwakilian A. [Education of nurses caring for patients with dementia in agreement with long-term nurses]. Soins Gerontol 2010:9-13. [PMID: 20191994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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De Rotrou J, Cantegreil I, Wenisch E, Chausson C, Rigaud AS. O4-4 Contribution d’un programme d’accompagnement des aidants familiaux dans la prise en charge de la maladie d’Alzheimer. Premiers résultats de l’étude AIDMA. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(09)72605-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Wenisch E, Cantegreil-Kallen I, De Rotrou J, Garrigue P, Moulin F, Batouche F, Richard A, De Sant'Anna M, Rigaud AS. Cognitive stimulation intervention for elders with mild cognitive impairment compared with normal aged subjects: preliminary results. Aging Clin Exp Res 2007; 19:316-22. [PMID: 17726363 DOI: 10.1007/bf03324708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cognitive training programs have been developed for Alzheimer's disease patients and the healthy elderly population. Collective cognitive stimulation programs have been shown to be efficient for subjects with memory complaint. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit of such cognitive programs in populations with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). METHODS Twelve patients with MCI and twelve cognitively normal elders were administered a cognitive stimulation program. Cognitive performance (Logical Memory, Word paired associative learning task, Trail Making Test, verbal fluency test) were collected before and after the intervention. A gain score [(post-score - pre-score)/ pre-score] was calculated for each variable and compared between groups. RESULTS The analysis revealed a larger intervention size effect in MCI than in normal elders' performances on the associative learning task (immediate recall: p<0.05, delayed recall: p<0.01). The intervention was more beneficial in improving associative memory abilities in MCI than in normal subjects. At the end of the intervention, the MCI group had lower results than the normal group only for the delayed recall of Logical Memory. CONCLUSIONS Although further studies are needed for more details on the impact of cognitive stimulation programs on MCI patients, this intervention is effective in compensating associative memory difficulties of these patients. Among non-pharmacological interventions, cognitive stimulation therapy is a repeatable and inexpensive collective method that can easily be provided to various populations with the aim of slowing down the rate of decline in elderly persons with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Wenisch
- Department of Gerontology, Broca Hospital, 75013 Paris, France.
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Traykov L, Bayle AC, Latour F, Lenoir H, Seux ML, Hanon O, Péquignot R, Bert P, Moulin F, Cantegreil I, Wenisch E, Batouche F, Mehrabian S, Rotrou JD, Rigaud AS. Apolipoprotein E ε4 allele frequency in elderly depressed patients with and without cerebrovascular disease. J Neurol Sci 2007; 257:280-3. [PMID: 17337010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2007.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Late-onset depression (LOD) could be a very early manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD), although contradictory results have been reported. Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) may favor the development of LOD, and that the particular forms of vascular depression should be individualized. The Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) epsilon4 allele was shown to be a risk factor for AD. Its role in LOD is controversial, while it is still unknown in vascular depression. Our objective was to clarify the relationship between ApoE epsilon4 allele and LOD in patients with and without CVD. We examined the ApoE phenotypes in a sample of 311 subjects: 50 with vascular LOD, 24 with LOD without CVD, 115 with AD and 122 normal controls (NC). The study of the ApoE epsilon4 allele frequency showed significant differences between: AD group and the vascular LOD and NC groups; LOD group without CVD compared with NC group (p<0.05 to 0.001). The frequency of the epsilon4 allele in the LOD group without CVD did not differ significantly from the AD group, similarly the frequency of the epsilon4 allele in the vascular LOD group was not different from that in NC. The study suggests an association between the ApoE epsilon4 allele and the LOD without CVD. These patients could be at risk of developing AD by an epsilon4-dependent pathway. In contrast, the results show no association between the presence of ApoE epsilon4 allele and vascular depression and provide further evidence in support of the concept that ApoE epsilon4 allele is not associated with clinical CVD.
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de Rotrou J, Battal-Merlet L, Wenisch E, Chausson C, Bizet E, Dray F, Lenoir H, Rigaud AS, Hanon O. Relevance of 10-min delayed recall in dementia screening. Eur J Neurol 2007; 14:144-9. [PMID: 17250721 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01578.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Within the context of early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), there is a growing interest in neuropsychological screening tests. Amongst these tests, we focused on the largely used Memory Impairment Screen (MIS). The objective of the present work was to show that adding a 10-min delayed recall to the MIS, improves the test psychometric characteristics in order to detect dementia in the earliest stages. A prospective study was carried out on a cohort of 270 consecutive elderly ambulatory subjects attending the Broca Hospital Memory Clinic: normal controls (n = 67), mild cognitive impairment subjects (n = 98) and mildly demented patients [n = 105, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) = 23 +/- 4]. This study consisted in testing the advantage of the 10-min delayed recall entitled MIS-D compared with the MIS. At a cut-off score of 6, the MIS-D revealed satisfying psychometric characteristics with a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 91%, whilst the MIS alone indicated a sensitivity of 60% and a specificity of 88% in detecting dementia. In demented patients with MMSE score > or =26, MIS-D properties still remained satisfying (sensitivity: 75%, specificity: 92%). MIS-D is a more relevant screening test than MIS alone at very early stages of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J de Rotrou
- Department of Geriatrics, Broca Hospital, Paris, France.
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De Rotrou J, Thévenet S, Richard A, Cantegreil I, Wenisch E, Chausson C, Moulin F, Batouche F, Rigaud AS. Impact d’un programme psycho-éducatif sur le stress des aidants de patients Alzheimer. Encephale 2006; 32 Pt 5:S650-5. [PMID: 17099590 DOI: 10.1016/s0013-7006(06)76217-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J De Rotrou
- CMRR de l'Hôpital Broca, 54-56 rue Pascal, 75013 Paris, France.
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Abstract
A study was realized on 130 healthy and autonomous volunteers (60-80 years old) who met specific medical and functional inclusion criteria. A comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests was performed at baseline (M0), 6 and 12 months (M6, M12). At M0 the results indicated that 65% were cognitively normal on each of all the neuropsychological tests, whereas 35% presented a cognitive deficit on one or more tests. At M12, 52% of the subjects who had a cognitive deficit at M0 remained impaired, whereas 48% normalized their scores: they performed as well as the subjects classified normal at M0. The results also indicated that the subjects who remained impaired at M12, had at M0 low scores on three tests or more, whereas the ones who normalized their scores had one or two failed tests. This study focuses on the risk of false positive cases and shows that low scores can be accidental. The authors propose decision rules allowing to reduce the risk of false positive cases. The observation of accidental impairment invites to be cautious and makes this 1-year follow-up study particularly relevant, since a 1-year follow-up is generally needed to diagnose very mild dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J de Rotrou
- Service de Gérontologie Clinique Hôpital Broca, rue Pascal, Paris, France.
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Wenisch E, Stoker A, Bourrellis C, Pasquet C, Gauthier E, Corcos E, Banchi MT, De Rotrou J, Rigaud AS. Méthode de prise en charge globale non médicamenteuse des patients déments institutionnalisés. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2005; 161:290-8. [PMID: 15800450 DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(05)85035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the last decades many approaches have been developed to manage cognitive and behavioral disturbances in dementia. The present work describes a global intervention program carried out with moderately to severely demented institutionalized patients. The aims of the intervention program are to stimulate and maintain the preserved abilities of demented patients in a supportive context, to decrease the behavioral disturbance and to avoid burnout of care-unit staff. METHODS This intervention combines different means: psychosocial care (validation therapy, social interaction), cognitive stimulation (memory and verbal training), and motor and sensitive stimulation. The global intervention program requires a special trained team composed of a supervisor, six aid-nurses, an occupational therapist, a speech therapist, a psychomotor therapist and a psychologist. The team cared for the patients five days per week over a three-month period. Assessments were conducted before and after the intervention program to measure the benefit. RESULTS Positive effects were shown for cognitive abilities, nutritional problems and staff burnout. However, due to the small sample size for this study, more research is needed to verify the effectiveness of this global intervention program, particularly the implications for nutrition. CONCLUSION This global intervention combined with pharmacological treatment seems to be useful for managing psychological and behavioral disorders of institutionalized demented patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wenisch
- Service de Gérontologie Clinique II, Hôpital Broca, 54-56, rue Pascal, 75013 Paris, France.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The level of efficiency of implicit memory in Alzheimer's disease remains unclear as previous studies using stem completion tasks have led to contradictory results. METHOD The present study used target words embedded in significant short texts that subjects were required to read aloud (i.e. to enhance semantic processing). Texts were presented in two perceptual situations: 'simple' (blank spaces delimitating words) and complex' (spaces were filled by '8's). In the completion phase, patients had to write the first word that came to mind in order to complete a three-letter stem. The recognition phase explored explicit memory performance. The performance of 24 Alzheimer patients was compared to a matched sample of healthy controls. RESULTS Reading times differed between groups and were shorter for healthy controls. Recognition was dramatically lower in patients, thus confirming the alteration of explicit memory in this pathology. However, a significant priming effect (e.g. the tendency to complete the stem with the aid of a previously explored word) was present in both groups and did not differ between patients and healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS The absence of a correlation between priming and recognition scores suggests that this result cannot be explained by an explicit memory bias. Moreover, as the priming level was identical whatever the perceptual aspect of the text, we suggest that the priming effect is not only mediated by perceptual processes but also by lexical and conceptual processes, which to some extent are preserved during the light and moderate stages of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Camus
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Expérimentale, Universite Réné Descartes, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
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Righetti PG, Bossi A, Wenisch E, Orsini G. Protein purification in multicompartment electrolyzers with isoelectric membranes. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 1997; 699:105-15. [PMID: 9392371 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(97)00156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Preparative purification of proteins under isoelectric conditions is reviewed, with particular regard to novel equipment, a multicompartment electrolyzer with isoelectric membranes, which can capture any desired protein into an isoelectric trap as the sole, ultra-pure component. This novel machine is based on the Immobiline chemistry, i.e. the novel generation of non-amphoteric buffers, based on the chemistry of acrylamides, which can be insolubilized onto polyacrylamide supports. After a description of the instrument and of its performance, a number of protein purification protocols are described, leading to truly homogeneous (by the most stringent criterion of surface charge) protein fractions. Such a high charge purity has been found to be often a fundamental prerequisite for the growth of protein crystals. Interfacing the electrolyzer with mass spectrometry has permitted the decoding of the structure of minor components generated from a parental molecule, especially ones having a higher pI. It was found that these species were often generated either by proteolytic cleavage or by the formation of a trisulphide bridge between two Cys residues. A unique application of the electrolyzer is finally described: its use as an immobilized enzyme reactor under an electric field. The performance of this reaction is outstanding, in that the kinetic parameters of the immobilized enzyme are identical to those of a free enzyme form.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Righetti
- Department of Agricultural and Industrial Biotechnologies, University of Verona, Italy
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17
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Bossi A, Righetti PG, Visco C, Breme U, Mauriello M, Valsasina B, Orsini G, Wenisch E. Investigation on minor degraded derivatives of the recombinant hirudin variant HM2 from Hirudinaria manillensis isolated by isoelectric focusing in multicompartment electrolyzers. Electrophoresis 1996; 17:932-7. [PMID: 8783019 DOI: 10.1002/elps.1150170515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
On isoelectric focusing in immobilized pH gradients (IPG) a preparation of recombinant hirudin from Hirudinaria manillensis, purified to homogeneity, was found to still contain a total of 5% minor components: three with higher pI values (pIs 4.10, 4.25 and 4.31), one with a lower pI value (pI 3.98) as compared with the main form (pI 4.03). Multicompartment electrolyzers with isoelectric membranes and micropreparative IPG gel slabs allowed the recovery of pure fractions of such minor components, which were further characterized by electrospray mass spectra, limited proteolysis, and sequence analysis. All four minor isoforms were found to be cleavage products of the parent, full-length hirudin molecule (molecular mass 6797 Da), as follows: the pI 4.31 (5032 Da) had lost sixteen amino acids from the N-terminus, the pI 4.25 (6212 Da) lacked five amino acids from the C-terminus, the pI 4.10 (2980 Da) was a cleavage product at residue Cys37, and the pI 3.98 (6610 Da) lacked the dipeptide Val-Ser at the N-terminus. Combining the extreme resolving power of IPGs with the high accuracy of mass spectra was found to be an attractive strategy in decoding post-synthetic modifications often encountered in r-DNA proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bossi
- University of Milano, L.I.T.A., Segrate, Italy
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18
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Breton J, Avanzi N, Valsasina B, Sgarella L, La Fiura A, Breme U, Orsini G, Wenisch E, Righetti PG. Detection of traces of a trisulphide derivative in the preparation of a recombinant truncated interleukin-6 mutein. J Chromatogr A 1995; 709:135-46. [PMID: 7581842 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(95)00108-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A new mutein of interleukin-6, called delta 22-IL-6 Cys 3,4, characterized by the deletion of the first 22 amino acids at the N-terminal end and by the substitution of the first two cysteines (Cys23 and Cys29) with serine residues, was produced in Escherichia coli and was found to maintain the structural and functional properties of the human native form. A partially purified preparation still showed in isoelectric focusing a minor acidic component (pI 6.10) and a more basic component (pI 6.70), the native form having a pI of 6.56. This preparation was further fractionated in a multi-compartment electrolyser with isoelectric membranes, which allowed the collection of the more alkaline species for characterization. Mass spectra of the pI 6.70 form gave an additional mass of 32 atomic mass units (amu), suggesting the addition of two oxygen atoms (a potential oxidation of two methionine residues to sulphoxide). However, the five methionine residues in this higher pI form were identified after enzymatic hydrolysis and peptide mapping and were found to be in a reduced state. In addition, the pI 6.70 form was quickly converted into the native form by mild reductive treatment. On digestion and fingerprinting, the peptide from residues 50 to 65 of the pI 6.70 species (containing the only two cysteine residues of the molecule) exhibited a more hydrophobic behaviour in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and retained a mass increase of 32 amu. These experimental findings more likely suggest the addition of an extra sulphur atom to the only disulphide bridge to give an unusual protein trisulphide molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Breton
- Pharmacia Farmitalia, BioScience Center, Nerviano, Italy
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19
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Weber W, Wenisch E, Günther N, Marnitz U, Betzel C, Righetti PG. Protein microheterogeneity and crystal habits: the case of epidermal growth factor receptor isoforms as isolated in a multicompartment electrolyzer with isoelectric membranes. J Chromatogr A 1994; 679:181-9. [PMID: 7951989 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(94)80325-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A purified, soluble form of the epidermal growth factor receptor (sEGFR) was found, by isoelectric focusing in immobilized pH gradients, to consist of three major isoforms (with pI values 6.45, 6.71 and 6.96, respectively) and ca. a dozen minor components. This wild-type sEGFR, while producing crystals, has so far defied any attempt at decoding the structure, due to the very poor diffraction pattern. When the wild-type sEGFR was purified in a multicompartment electrolyzer with isoelectric Immobiline membranes, it yielded the three major isoforms as single-pI components, collected in three separate chambers of the recycling electrolyzer. The pI 6.71 and the pI 6.96 isoforms produced large crystals of apparent good quality. However, while the former produced a high-quality diffraction pattern, which may lead to decoding of three-dimensional structure, the pI 6.96 produced crystals which did not diffract at all. It is concluded that, in the case of "tough" proteins (large size, heterogeneous glycosylation, high water content of crystals), purification to single-charge components might be an essential step for growing proper crystals. The unique advantage of purification via isoelectric membranes is that the protein is collected both isoelectric and isoionic, i.e. uncontaminated by soluble buffers (such as the carrier ampholytes used in conventional focusing).
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Affiliation(s)
- W Weber
- Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Universitätskrankenhaus Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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20
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Wenisch E, Vorauer K, Jungbauer A, Katinger H, Righetti PG. Purification of human recombinant superoxide dismutase by isoelectric focusing in a multicompartment electrolyzer with zwitterionic membranes. Electrophoresis 1994; 15:647-53. [PMID: 7925244 DOI: 10.1002/elps.1150150191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Human recombinant superoxide dismutase (SOD), purified to homogeneity, is resolved by both conventional isoelectric focusing and immobilized pH gradients into three bands, with isoelectric points (pIs) in the pH range 4.8 to 5.1, the pI 4.80 form representing the minor component. Due to the fact that this enzyme is expressed in E. coli, N-terminal acetylation or glycosylation should be ruled out. When purified by small-scale preparative isoelectric focusing in immobilized pH gradient gels, it was found that, upon subsequent analysis, the pI 5.07 form would band in the same position, but the intermediate pI 4.92 band would split into the upper (pI 5.07) and the lower (pI 4.80) species, in nearly the same amounts, whereas the lowest pI component would always generate both the intermediate and upper forms. Enzymatic essays pointed out that these three isoforms had nearly the same specific activity, slightly higher than that of the starting material. Metal analysis indicated that all three forms contained the same metal/protein ratio, approaching the value Cu2Zn2-SOD, as reported in the literature. Circular dichroism spectra of the pI 4.80 and 5.07 forms showed the same profile in the 190-240 nm range, but marked differences in the 250-350 nm region. Treatment with EDTA produces 1-2 additional, slightly higher pI isoforms, whereas treatment with KCN generates a number of higher pI components, reaching pI values as high as pH 7, with nearly complete disappearance of the three major SOD isoforms. It is concluded that these three isoforms could represent interconvertible species, the highest pI component representing the most stable conformer.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wenisch
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, School of Food and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Vienna
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21
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Wenisch E, Schneider P, Hansen SA, Rezzonico R, Righetti PG. Isoelectric focusing in a multicompartment electrolyzer with zwitterionic membranes, exemplified by purification of glucoamylase. J Biochem Biophys Methods 1993; 27:199-213. [PMID: 8258640 DOI: 10.1016/0165-022x(93)90004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A highly purified preparation of glucoamylase G1 from Aspergillus niger was found, by isoelectric focusing in immobilized pH gradients, to contain a major form with a pI of 3.50 and a number of minor, more acidic and more basic contaminants. The major isoform was purified to homogeneity by recycling isoelectric focusing in a multicompartment electrolyzer, by confining this form in between two zwitterionic membranes, with pI 3.49 at the anodic side and pI 3.52 at the cathodic side. Recoveries were high (90%) and, notwithstanding the rather low operational pH, the electrosmotic flow was minimal and no protein precipitation occurred up to concentrations of 2.5 mg/ml (at the isoelectric point). The forms resolved in an analytical focusing gel were subjected to two types of in situ enzyme detections, by the glucose oxidase peroxidase (GOP) test and by the starch-iodine test. By both criteria all resolved zones exhibited enzyme activity, the GOP assay, however, following more closely the Coomassie blue stained protein profile. By computer modelling, it is shown that it is impossible to obtain linear pH gradients at such low pH values (pH 2.5-4.5 intervals) when the mixture has a low buffering power (beta = 2.0 mequiv.l-1 pH-1). When the beta power was gradually raised (beta = 4, beta = 6, beta = 8) the pH gradient became progressively linear until, in a recipe with beta = 10 mequiv.l-1 pH-1 full linearity of the pH gradient could be obtained. This is shown to be due to the substantial buffering power of bulk water in the pH 2.5-3.5 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wenisch
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, School of Food and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Vienna, Austria
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22
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Wenisch E, Günther N, DeLucas LJ, Bugg CE, Righetti PG, Betzel C, Weber W. Improvement of EGF receptor crystallization by exposure to microgravity and by isoform separation. Acta Crystallogr A 1993. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767378089047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Abstract
Lateral aggregation in presence of a hydrophilic polymer (e.g. 10 kDa polyethylene glycol) in the gelling solution (Righetti et al., Electrophoresis 1992, 13, 587-595) is not inhibited by high ionic strength nor in the pH 4-10 interval. However, the bundles are disaggregated by glycerol (Tm at 20%) and by ethylene glycol (Tm at 24.5%) as well as by pH extremes (pH 3 and pH 11). Supercoiling is also strongly inhibited in a copolymer, formed by acrylamide an N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-methylacrylamide. A level of 50% uncoiling is obtained well before a 1:1 ratio, already at a level of 18% N,N-dimethylacrylamide. All the above data strongly suggest that the nascent chains are held together in bundles by hydrogen bonds prior to the cross-linking event, instead of having a random orientation and distribution in the solvent. However, it is not possible to distinguish between H-bonds oriented perpendicular to the chain axis vs. H-bonds occurring within a single polymer filament, and the two types of H-bonds probably coexist. Macroporous gels perform well in steady-state electrophoretic techniques, such as conventional isoelectric focusing and immobilized pH gradients, where a large-pore structure is necessary for fast protein migration and for attainment of equilibrium conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wenisch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University of Milano, Italy
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24
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Wenisch E, Righetti PG, Weber W. Purification to single isoforms of a secreted epidermal growth factor receptor in a multicompartment electrolyzer with isoelectric membranes. Electrophoresis 1992; 13:668-73. [PMID: 1459089 DOI: 10.1002/elps.11501301142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A purified, size-homogeneous (100 kDa), desialylated form of a truncated, soluble form of the epidermal growth factor receptor secreted by A431 human tumor cells has been found, by isoelectric focusing in immobilized pH gradients, to consist of two major isoforms (with pIs of 6.96 and 6.71), one intermediate form (pI 6.45) and a number (> 10) of minor components. The two major components have been purified to charge homogeneity by isoelectric focusing in a multicompartment electrolyzer with buffering isoelectric membranes having the following pI values: 5.90, 6.63, 6.76, 6.92, 7.05 and 7.35. Such single pI species are presently used for attempts at crystal growing.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wenisch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University of Milano, Italy
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25
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Harant H, Wimmer K, Wenisch E, Strutzenberger K, Reiter M, Blüml G, Gaida T, Schmatz C, Katinger H. Two-dimensional electrophoresis as a tool for control of quality and consistency in production systems using animal cells. Cytotechnology 1992; 8:119-27. [PMID: 1368812 DOI: 10.1007/bf02525494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A nonrecombinant human melanoma cell line and recombinant chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were used as examples for long-term in vitro cultivation in protein-free media. The method used to monitor the consistency of protein release by these mammalian cells was two-dimensional electrophoresis with immobilized pH gradient. Secreted proteins from a melanoma cell line cultivated in a continuous fermentation system over a period of 22 months were monitored. Two-dimensional patterns of secreted proteins were compared and the stability of their composition was determined over a period of nearly 14 months, with significant pattern variation being observed after 14 months. The protein pattern from this extended in vitro culture was compared to those of the very same melanoma cell line recultivated after being frozen in liquid nitrogen for more than 2 years. Due to the high resolution of complex polypeptide mixtures and the possibility to detect even minor differences in the composition of protein patterns, we propose the two-dimensional electrophoresis as a tool for quality assessment in animal cell culture technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Harant
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Vienna, Austria
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26
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Casale E, Wenisch E, He XM, Righetti PG, Snyder RS, Jungbauer A, Tauer C, Ruker F, Carter DC. Crystallization of the Fab from a human monoclonal antibody against gp 41 of human immunodeficiency virus type I. J Mol Biol 1990; 216:511-2. [PMID: 2258926 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(90)90377-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A monoclonal IgG antibody directed against gp 41 from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) has been crystallized in both intact and Fab forms. Crystals of the intact antibody grow as tetragonal-like prisms too small for conventional X-ray analysis. However, the Fab portion of the antibody produces suitable plate-like crystals which belong to the space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) with unit cell constants of a = 66.5 A, b = 74.3 A and c = 105.3 A. There is one molecule of Fab in the asymmetric unit. The Fab crystals show diffraction to d-spacings less than 3.0 A.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Casale
- Space Science Laboratory, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL 35812
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27
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Wenisch E, Reiter S, Hinger S, Steindl F, Tauer C, Jungbauer A, Katinger H, Righetti PG. Shifts of isoelectric points between cellular and secreted antibodies as revealed by isoelectric focusing and immobilized pH gradients. Electrophoresis 1990; 11:966-9. [PMID: 2079044 DOI: 10.1002/elps.1150111116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Charge microheterogeneity of monoclonal antibodies, as revealed by isoelectric focusing in carrier ampholytes, has been known for a long time. Here we demonstrate, in the case of monoclonals against the gp-41 of the HIV-1 virus, that this heterogeneity is already present within the cell sap of hybridoma cells during antibody synthesis. When the monoclonals are secreted extracellularly, the same isoelectric point (pI) spectrum is maintained, but there is marked redistribution of the relative isoform abundance towards the lower pI components. This suggests in vivo processing of such forms, possibly via glycosylation or deamidation. The secreted antibodies are also analyzed by immobilized pH gradients (IPG), where they demonstrate an even more extensive heterogeneity, due to the marked increment in resolving power. Single bands are purified by preparative IPGs in a multicompartment electrolyzer and are shown to be stable with time. Thus, artefactual heterogeneity produced by the focusing technique is completely excluded and cellular processing is clearly established.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wenisch
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Vienna
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28
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Espinosa G, Wenisch E, Danner H, Katinger H, Righetti PG. Isoelectric focusing in immobilized pH gradients of phosphoglucomutase and esterases from the spiny lobster. Electrophoresis 1990; 11:810-2. [PMID: 2150371 DOI: 10.1002/elps.1150111006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A method is described for detecting polymorphisms of cephalothorax and tail homogenates of 25 puerulus staged Panulirus argus in phosphoglucomutase (PGM) and esterases. Isoelectric focusing in immobilized pH gradients was used. In the pH 6.0-8.0 interval for phosphoglucomutase and in the pH 3.5-5.0 and 4.2-4.9 ranges for esterases, both enzymes appeared as polymorphic band patterns. These could be explained by one locus with 2 alleles for phosphoglucomutase and 3 loci with 2, 3 and 4 alleles for esterases. Esterases exhibit a more extensive polymorphism in immobilized pH gradients than in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Espinosa
- Faculty of Biology, University of Habana
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29
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Wenisch E, Tauer C, Jungbauer A, Katinger H, Faupel M, Righetti PG. Capillary zone electrophoresis for monitoring r-DNA protein purification in multi-compartment electrolysers with immobiline membranes. J Chromatogr A 1990; 516:133-46. [PMID: 2286619 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)90211-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Isoforms of human monoclonal antibodies against the gp-41 of AIDS virus and of human recombinant superoxide dismutase have been purified to homogeneity by isoelectric focusing (IEF) in a multi-compartment electrolyser with isoelectric, immobiline membranes. This system allows the processing of large sample volumes and gram-scale protein loads and can resolve isoforms as close as 0.001 in pI difference. The purification progress was usually monitored by analytical IEF in immobilized pH gradients (IPG). Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) was applied to the monitoring of the content of each chamber of the electrolyser. CZE was found to be superior in terms of speed of analysis and quantification (but only by UV reading at 200-210 nm, i.e., in the region of the peptide bond) but, notwithstanding the millions of theoretical plates reported, was no match for the resolving power of IPGs, at least for protein analysis. When compared also with chromatofocusing, the resolving power decreases in the order IPG greater than CZE much greater than chromatofocusing.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wenisch
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Agriculture and Foresty, Vienna, Austria
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30
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Jungbauer A, Tauer C, Wenisch E, Uhl K, Brunner J, Purtscher M, Steindl F, Buchacher A. Isolation of isoproteins from monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins by chromatofocusing. J Chromatogr A 1990; 512:157-63. [PMID: 2229225 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)89482-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A fast protein liquid chromatographic method for the preparative separation of the various isoproteins is described. Highly purified human monoclonal antibodies, recombinant human superoxide dismutase and human superoxide dismutase from erythrocytes were used as starting material. The isoproteins were separated by chromatofocusing on Mono P columns. A very narrow pH gradient was applied to achieve complete separation of the isoproteins. The prepurification steps and the pretreatment of the samples to achieve optimum resolution are described in detail. The method is also applicable to extremely basic monoclonal antibodies (pI = 9). The successful separation was checked by isoelectric focusing in immobilized pH gradients (Immobilines). The future of these methods is discussed, because for many different biochemical and biophysical investigations pure and homogeneous isoproteins are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jungbauer
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Agriculture and Forestry and Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria
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31
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Righetti PG, Wenisch E, Jungbauer A, Katinger H, Faupel M. Preparative purification of human monoclonal antibody isoforms in a multi-compartment electrolyser with immobiline membranes. J Chromatogr A 1990; 500:681-96. [PMID: 2329157 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)96103-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The performance of a multi-compartment electrolyser with isoelectric Immobiline membranes for large-scale protein purification is evaluated. Owing to the presence of isoelectric membranes possessing a high buffering capacity and ionic strength, isoelectric protein precipitation inside the membranes, one of the major drawbacks of present membrane uses, is fully avoided. In addition, owing to this novel membrane technology, pH gradient decay, typical of isoelectric focusing in carrier ampholytes, is fully eliminated and pH and conductivity constancy is guaranteed in all flow chambers for running periods of more than 11 days (160,000 V h). The membranes described possess a unique selectivity, in that they act by modulating the surface charge (i.e., the mobility) of macroions crossing or tangential to them. The concept of isoelectric Immobiline membranes acting like a pH-stat unit is introduced. Protein homogeneity in each chamber of the electrolyser can be achieved even when purifying human monoclonal antibodies against HIV-1, which possess high pI values (9.0-9.6), are large molecules (Mr 150,000) and are fractionated in the presence of large micelles of neutral detergents.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Righetti
- Chair of Biochemistry, University of Milan, Italy
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32
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Jungbauer A, Tauer C, Reiter M, Purtscher M, Wenisch E, Steindl F, Buchacher A, Katinger H. Comparison of protein A, protein G and copolymerized hydroxyapatite for the purification of human monoclonal antibodies. J Chromatogr A 1989; 476:257-68. [PMID: 2777978 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)93874-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Protein A Superose, protein G Sepharose fast flow and copolymerized hydroxyapatite were used for the purification of human monoclonal antibodies against HIV 1. Both desalted culture supernatant and a prepurified protein solution were used as starting materials. The different runs were compared with respect to yield and recovery of biological activity. The biological activity (specific reactivity) was checked by antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with recombinant antigen. The human monoclonal antibodies could not be selectively eluted from the hydroxyapatite but elution could be effected from the protein A Superose at pH 4.0 and from protein G at pH 3.0. The eluted immunoglobulin G was distributed over a broad pH range when protein G Superose was used. Biologically active material could be obtained from protein A Superose and protein G Sepharose fast flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jungbauer
- University of Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Applied Microbiology, Vienna, Austria
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33
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Jungbauer A, Tauer C, Wenisch E, Steindl F, Purtscher M, Reiter M, Unterluggauer F, Buchacher A, Uhl K, Katinger H. Pilot scale production of a human monoclonal antibody against human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1. J Biochem Biophys Methods 1989; 19:223-40. [PMID: 2584609 DOI: 10.1016/0165-022x(89)90029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Human monoclonal antibodies against the transmembrane protein gp41 of HIV-1 were isolated and purified on a pilot scale. A purification scheme was established for the production of human monoclonal antibodies on the gram scale. 50 1 of culture supernatant can be treated in one purification cycle. The hybridomas were mass cultured in an airlift fermenter. The culture broth was clarified by microfiltration and chromatographed on CM-Sepharose fast flow and protein A Superose. Scale up of the high performance affinity chromatography from 1 ml protein A Superose up to 40 ml is described. All desalting steps were performed by gel filtration on Sephadex G-25 coarse. The yield of the whole purification procedure is in the range of 50-60%. The purity is higher than 99.9%. DNA and reverse transcriptase could not be detected. The whole method is designed as a basis for scale up to industrial scale. Results from quality control assays have proven the validity of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jungbauer
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Vienna, Austria
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Wenisch E, Jungbauer A, Tauer C, Reiter M, Gruber G, Steindl F, Katinger H. Isolation of human monoclonal antibody isoproteins by preparative isoelectric focusing in immobilized pH gradients. J Biochem Biophys Methods 1989; 18:309-22. [PMID: 2778264 DOI: 10.1016/0165-022x(89)90040-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A method for preparative isolation of human monoclonal antibody isoproteins is described in the present paper. A human monoclonal antibody directed against the transmembrane protein gp 41 from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) was used in this study. The antibody belongs to the IgG1 subtype and exhibits antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity. The resolving power of conventional preparative protein separation techniques such as ion-exchange chromatography, chromatofocusing and lectin affinity chromatography is too poor for a complete separation of isoproteins. The more sophisticated technique of chromatofocusing on FPLC-based material (Mono P, Pharmacia) did not satisfy our expectation. With semipreparative IEF in immobilized pH gradients we were able to prepare the different isoproteins of a human monoclonal antibody in milligram amounts. No significant difference between the single isoproteins with respect to specificity and avidity to the recombinant antigen (rec gp 160) was detected. Therefore, we assume that the separation conditions did not influence the immunochemical nature of the antibody and significant denaturation and/or precipitation of the IgG did not occur. Furthermore the method affords preparative separation with resolution equivalent to analytical runs. Experiments for scale up and further characterization of isoproteins (carbohydrate composition, amino acid analysis, half life times etc.) are in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wenisch
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Vienna, Austria
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Jungbauer A, Unterluggauer F, Uhl K, Buchacher A, Steindl F, Pettauer D, Wenisch E. Scaleup of monoclonal antibody purification using radial streaming ion exchange chromatography. Biotechnol Bioeng 1988; 32:326-33. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260320309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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