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Croizat G, Gregor A, Joniova J, Gerelli E, Wagnières G. Identification of excimer delayed fluorescence by Protoporphyrin IX: A novel access to local chromophore concentration? J Photochem Photobiol B 2022; 229:112408. [PMID: 35294918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) is a molecule produced in the mitochondria following the administration of its approved precursor, aminolevulinic acid (ALA). Strong light absorber at different wavelengths in the visible range, PpIX is extensively used as a photosensitizer (PS) for Photodynamic Therapy (PDT). PpIX is also an ideal molecular probe for the quantification of the tissue oxygen partial pressure (pO2), as its delayed fluorescence (DF) is quenched by oxygen, creating a direct relationship between the DF lifetime and the pO2. A limitation of both techniques is the ignorance of the PpIX concentration in tissues when the pO2 is measured or during PDT. In this study, the prompt (PF) and delayed fluorescence of PpIX dissolved in DiMethylFormamide (DMF) were acquired, in absence of oxygen, at different PpIX concentrations. Measurements of the PpIX emission for different excitation energies and temperatures, as well as spectral considerations led to the conclusion that E-type (thermal) DF was the dominant DF mechanism at low PpIX excited states concentrations (density of absorbed energy Hε[PpIX] < 1 μJ. cm-3, H:excitation radiant exposure per pulse, ε: molar extinction coefficient at excitation wavelength) while P-type (Triplet Triplet Annihilation) DF took place at higher excited states concentrations (Hε[PpIX] > 10 μJ. cm-3). The gradual development of a strong, red-shifted structureless DF peak at 670 nm, invisible in the PF and absorption spectra, strongly points towards the first observation of PpIX excimer DF (EDF). It appears that, similarly to other aromatic molecules, PpIX excimers can be formed either by the encounter of two molecules in the first excited triplet state T1, or by the reaction of an excited singlet S1 with a triplet T1. Excimer DF could be beneficially used to determine the local concentration of PpIX, as the initial DF intensity ratio I0670/I0630 is linearly correlated with the local PpIX concentration, and thus rises up to the challenge of PpIX based pO2 measurement and PDT. This work could also pave the way for a fine comprehension of the production, diffusion and catabolization of PpIX in biological tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauthier Croizat
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, LIFMET, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Aurélien Gregor
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, LIFMET, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jaroslava Joniova
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, LIFMET, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Gerelli
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, LIFMET, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Georges Wagnières
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, LIFMET, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Croizat G, Gregor A, Gerelli E, Joniova J, Scholz M, Wagnières G. A general framework for non-exponential delayed fluorescence and phosphorescence decay analysis, illustrated on Protoporphyrin IX. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 2020; 209:111887. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Gerelli E, Wagnières G, Joniová J. Stimulation of the oxygen consumption by photobiomodulation in the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane during hypoxia. Translational Biophotonics 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/tbio.201900025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Gerelli
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic ImagingSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Georges Wagnières
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic ImagingSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jaroslava Joniová
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic ImagingSwiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) Lausanne Switzerland
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Joniová J, Kažiková V, Gerelli E, Bánó G, Wagnières G. Measurements of the optical coefficients of the protoporphyrin IX endogenously producing yeast-based model in the visible and NIR. J Biomed Opt 2018; 23:1-5. [PMID: 29981223 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.7.075001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Models mimicking the endogenous production of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), as well as its fluorescence, are of high interest for applied and fundamental studies in the fields of cancer detection by fluorescence imaging, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and photobiomodulation (PBM). Here, we present and describe optical properties of the yeast-based models able to produce PpIX endogenously after the administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and/or 2,2'-bipyridyl. As their optical properties have an important impact on the spatial distribution of the fluence rate in these liquid models, their absorption and reduced scattering coefficients were determined to be between 400 and 808 nm for two yeast solutions previously described by our group. These coefficients were derived from measurements of the total reflectance and light penetration depth using a dedicated Monte Carlo simulation. We observed that absorption and scattering coefficients were smaller than those of soft tissues at all wavelengths. This work will enable the production of a low-cost optical phantom loaded with appropriate amounts of light-absorbing and -scattering particles to mimic tumors containing PpIX, offering a useful tool to optimize the spectral and radiometric design of certain cancer photodetection setups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gregor Bánó
- Pavol Jozef Šafárik Univ. in Košice, Slovakia
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Huntosova V, Gerelli E, Horvath D, Wagnieres G. Measurement of pO 2 by luminescence lifetime spectroscopy: A comparative study of the phototoxicity and sensitivity of [Ru(Phen) 3 ] 2+ and PdTCPP in vivo. J Biophotonics 2017; 10:708-717. [PMID: 27588712 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunctions in tissue metabolism can be detected at early stages by oxygen partial pressure (pO2 ) measurement. The measurement of emission lifetimes offers very promising and non-invasive approach to estimate pO2 in vivo. This study compares two extensively used oxygen sensors and assesses their in vivo oxygen sensitivity and phototoxic effect. Luminescence lifetime of Ru-polypyridyl complex and of Pd-porphyrin is measured in the Chick's Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) model with a dedicated optical fiber-based, time-resolved spectrometer. The Pd-porphyrin luminescence lifetimes measured in the CAM model exposed to different pO2 levels are longer and have a broader dynamic range (10-100 μs) than those of Ru-polypyridyl complex (0.6-1 μs). The combined statistical analysis based on an estimate of the kurtosis and skewness, bootstrapping method and routine normality tests is performed. The indicators of the averages and signal to noise ratio stability are also calculated. The combination of several data processing allows selection of the better sensor for a given application. In particular, it is found that the advantage of Ru-polypyridyl complex over Pd-porphyrin is two-fold: i) Ru-polypyridyl complex datasets have consistently better statistical characteristics, ii) Ru-polypyridyl exhibits lower cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Huntosova
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences at Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Jesenna 5, 04154, Kosice, Slovakia
- Laboratory of Organometallic and Medicinal Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Station 6, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Gerelli
- Laboratory of Organometallic and Medicinal Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Station 6, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Denis Horvath
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences at Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Jesenna 5, 04154, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Georges Wagnieres
- Laboratory of Organometallic and Medicinal Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Station 6, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
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Huntosova V, Gerelli E, Zellweger M, Wagnières G. Influence of the protoporphyrin IX photoproducts on tissue oxygenation measurements performed by time-resolved delayed fluorescence spectroscopy in vivo. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Joniová J, Gerelli E, Zellweger M, Wagnières G. Optimization and characterization of the endogenous production of protoporphyrin IX in a yeast model. J Biomed Opt 2016; 21:125008. [PMID: 28001277 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.12.125008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The availability of reproducible, convenient, and inexpensive model organisms able to generate predictable levels of endogenous porphyrins, including protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), is essential in photomedicine research. Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces endogenous PpIX and was used as a model organism for this study with the aim to maximize endogenous PpIX fluorescence intensity. It was found that PpIX fluorescence was significantly enhanced by administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and 2,2?-bipyridyl. Fluorescence intensity and spectroscopy of PpIX produced endogenously were measured in diluted yeast solutions under various conditions. The optimal protocol was: 5 ?? ? M ALA and 1 mM 2,2?-bipyridyl administered synchronously at 32°C. After 3 h, PpIX in yeast demonstrated similar steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy as that of PpIX in DMSO. Moreover, under hypoxic conditions, the reciprocal lifetime of PpIX delayed fluorescence measured in real time was correlated to the partial pressure of oxygen ( pO 2 ) measured concomitantly with a commercially available pO 2 probe. These data show that yeast can, in optimal conditions, reproducibly generate PpIX. This is of interest in various fields such as photodiagnosis, photodynamic therapy, and photobiomodulation. Use of this model organism focuses on essential mechanisms, without the complexity of a multicellular organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslava Joniová
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Laboratory of Organometallic and Medicinal Chemistry, ISIC, BCH 2402 (Batochime), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Gerelli
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Laboratory of Organometallic and Medicinal Chemistry, ISIC, BCH 2402 (Batochime), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Zellweger
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Laboratory of Organometallic and Medicinal Chemistry, ISIC, BCH 2402 (Batochime), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Georges Wagnières
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Laboratory of Organometallic and Medicinal Chemistry, ISIC, BCH 2402 (Batochime), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Koptasikova L, Huntosova V, Gerelli E, Miskovsky P, Wagnieres G, Stroffekova K. Study of the NIR Light Induced Effects on Neuroblastoma N2A Cells with Parkinson's-Like Features. Biophys J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.11.2519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Huntosova V, Belej D, Gerelli E, Miskovsky P, Wagnieres G. Use of Water-Soluble Oxygen Sensors to Study the Oxygen Consumption during Photosensitization with Hypericin in Vitro and in Vivo. Biophys J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.11.2712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Liu H, Erouel M, Gerelli E, Harouri A, Benyattou T, Orobtchouk R, Milord L, Belarouci A, Letartre X, Jamois C. Nanoantenna-induced fringe splitting of Fabry-Perot interferometer: a model study of plasmonic/photonic coupling. Opt Express 2015; 23:31085-31097. [PMID: 26698737 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.031085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a simple approach to study the coupling mechanisms between a plasmonic system consisting of bowtie nanoantennas and a photonic structure based on a Fabry-Perot interferometer. The nanoantenna array is represented by an equivalent homogeneous layer placed at the interferometer surface and yielding the effective dielectric function of the NA resonance. A phase matching model based on thin film interference is developed to describe the multi-layer interferences in the device and to analyze the fringe variations induced by the introduction of the plasmonic layer. The general model is validated by an experimental system consisting of a bowtie nanoantenna array and a porous-silicon-based interferometer. The optical response of this hybrid device exhibits both the enhancement induced by the nanoantenna resonance and the fringe pattern of the interferometer. Using the phase matching model, we demonstrate that strong coupling can occur in such a system, leading to fringe splitting. A study of the splitting strength and of the coupling behavior is given. The model study performed in this work enables to gain deeper understanding of the optical behavior of plasmonic/photonic hybrid devices.
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