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Vera M, Aparicio E, Heras S, Abras A, Casanova A, Roldán MI, García-Marin JL. Regional environmental and climatic concerns on preserving native gene pools of a least concern species: Brown trout lineages in Mediterranean streams. Sci Total Environ 2023; 862:160739. [PMID: 36502686 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The European brown trout, Salmo trutta, is a cold-adapted fish reported as a Least Concern species in the IUCN Red List. This species colonized new territories from southern refuges during the last glacial melting, but during the 20th century suffered from anthropic impacts on its habitats. The long-time survival of the species relies on the genetic diversity within and among populations. Brown trout is among the genetically most diverse vertebrate species; however, native populations in Mediterranean rivers have dramatically suffered of introgressive hybridization from extensive releases of evolutionary distant non-native Atlantic stocks. In addition, in Mediterranean rivers climate change will result in unsuitable conditions for the species during the 21st century. Using brown trout populations at the headstreams of a Pyrenean river as a model, this paper revised how hatchery releases have affected the native gene pools and how environmental and climatic variables controlled the amount of local introgression at intra-basin level. Introgressive hybridization was detected in all studied sites. Ten times larger divergence was observed among populations at tributaries than among populations along the main stem. A highly impacted population distributed in a long transect in the main stem suggested that hatchery fish move towards the main stem wherever released. From already highly impacted populations and despite the cessation of hatchery releases, warmer temperatures and lower precipitation expected from climate change will extend the introgressive hybridization along the basin, contributing to the extinction of the native gene pools. Based on available morphological distinction of native, hatchery and hybrid brown trout, we advocate the involvement of regional social groups (e.g. riverside dwellers, anglers, conservationists, hikers) in citizen science programs to detect the spread of non-native phenotypes along the rivers. These are cheap and fast methods to collaborate with fishery managers in the preservation and recovery of the regional native populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Vera
- Departamento de Zoología, Xenética e Antropología Física, Campus Lugo, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
| | - Enric Aparicio
- GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Sandra Heras
- Laboratori d'Ictiologia Genètica, Campus Montilivi, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Alba Abras
- Laboratori d'Ictiologia Genètica, Campus Montilivi, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Adrián Casanova
- Laboratori d'Ictiologia Genètica, Campus Montilivi, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Maria-Inés Roldán
- Laboratori d'Ictiologia Genètica, Campus Montilivi, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain.
| | - Jose-Luis García-Marin
- Laboratori d'Ictiologia Genètica, Campus Montilivi, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain.
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González-Gloria KD, Rodríguez-Jasso RM, Rosero-Chasoy G, Shiva, Kostas ET, Aparicio E, Sanchez A, López-Sandin I, Ruiz HA. Scale-up of hydrothermal processing: Liquid hot water and pilot-scale tubular steam explosion batch reactor for bioethanol production using macroalgae Sargassum spp biomass. Bioresour Technol 2023; 369:128448. [PMID: 36513304 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sargassum spp. is a biomass that can potentially use as an alternative for bioethanol production. Hydrothermal processes (liquid hot water and steam explosion pretreatment) were carried out at different operational conditions. Enzymatic hydrolysis performed a preliminary test with different ratios 1:1 and 1:2 (cellulases and hemicellulases) of enzyme loading, once selected 1:2 ratio was obtained conversion yield of 99.91% and therefore carried a scale-up in stirred bioreactor getting 95.92% saccharification yield. Pre-simultaneous saccharification and fermentation strategy was performed in a continuous stirred tank bioreactor (CSTBR), producing ethanol yield of 57.69%, and for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation strategy was performed in a bubble column reactor was 71.37% ethanol yield. The energy efficiency was analyzed in different scenarios; the best data was 30.19 (gsugar/MJ) in the bioreactor enzymatic hydrolysis process. This development allows for establishing the conditions for a third-generation biorefinery on a circular bioeconomy using Sargassum biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D González-Gloria
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, 25280, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Rosa M Rodríguez-Jasso
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, 25280, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Gilver Rosero-Chasoy
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, 25280, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Shiva
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, 25280, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Emily T Kostas
- The Advanced Centre of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - E Aparicio
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, 25280, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Arturo Sanchez
- Laboratorio de Futuros en Bioenergía, Unidad Guadalajara de Ingeniería Avanzada, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Zapopan, Jalisco, 45019, Mexico
| | - Iosvany López-Sandin
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, 25280, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Héctor A Ruiz
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, 25280, Coahuila, Mexico.
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Flores E, Mella JD, Aparicio E, Gonzalez RI, Parra C, Bringa EM, Munoz F. Inducing a topological transition in graphene nanoribbon superlattices by external strain. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:7134-7143. [PMID: 35262146 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00038e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Armchair graphene nanoribbons, when forming a superlattice, can be classified into different topological phases, with or without edge states. By means of tight-binding and classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we studied the electronic and mechanical properties of some of these superlattices. MD shows that fracture in modulated superlattices is brittle, as for unmodulated ribbons, and occurs at the thinner regions, with staggered superlattices achieving a larger fracture strain than inline superlattices. We found a general mechanism to induce a topological transition with strain, related to the electronic properties of each segment of the superlattice, and by studying the sublattice polarization we were able to characterize the transition and the response of these states to the strain. For the cases studied in detail here, the topological transition occurred at ∼3-5% strain, well below the fracture strain. The topological states of the superlattice - if present - are robust to strain even close to fracture. The topological transition was characterized by means of the sublattice polarization of the states.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Flores
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José D Mella
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - E Aparicio
- CONICET and Universidad de Mendoza, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - R I Gonzalez
- Centro de Nanotecnología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile. .,Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnología, CEDENNA, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Parra
- Laboratorio de Nanobiomateriales, Departamento de Física, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaiso, Chile.
| | - E M Bringa
- CONICET and Universidad de Mendoza, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina.,Centro de Nanotecnología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
| | - F Munoz
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnología, CEDENNA, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Aparicio E, Rodríguez-Jasso RM, Pinales-Márquez CD, Loredo-Treviño A, Robledo-Olivo A, Aguilar CN, Kostas ET, Ruiz HA. High-pressure technology for Sargassum spp biomass pretreatment and fractionation in the third generation of bioethanol production. Bioresour Technol 2021; 329:124935. [PMID: 33713900 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sargassum spp is an invasive macroalgae and an alternative feedstock for bioethanol production. Sargassum spp biomass was subjected to high-pressure technology for biomass fractionation under different operating conditions of temperature and residence time to obtain glucan enriched pretreated solids (32.22 g/100 g of raw material). Enzyme hydrolysis process at high pretreated solid loading (13%, w/v) and enzyme loading of 10 FPU/g of glucan was performed, obtaining 43.01 g/L of glucose corresponding to a conversion yield of 92.12%. Finally, a pre-simultaneous saccharification and fermentation strategy (PSSF) was performed to produce bioethanol. This operational strategy produced 45.66 g/L of glucose in the pre-saccharification stage, and 18.14 g/L of bioethanol was produced with a glucose to bioethanol conversion yield of 76.23%. The development of this process highlights the feasibility of bioethanol production from macroalgal biomass in the biorefinery concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Aparicio
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Rosa M Rodríguez-Jasso
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico.
| | - César D Pinales-Márquez
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Araceli Loredo-Treviño
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Armando Robledo-Olivo
- Food Science & Technology Department, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Unidad Saltillo, Blvd Antonio Narro 1923, Buenavista, 25315 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Cristóbal N Aguilar
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Emily T Kostas
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, The Advanced Centre of Biochemical Engineering, Bernard Katz Building, Gower Street, London WC1H 6BT, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Héctor A Ruiz
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila, 25280 Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico.
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Aparicio E, Tangarife E, Munoz F, Gonzalez RI, Valencia FJ, Careglio C, Bringa EM. Simulated mechanical properties of finite-size graphene nanoribbons. Nanotechnology 2021; 32:045709. [PMID: 33045683 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abc036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There are many simulation studies of mechanical properties of graphene nanoribbons (GNR), but there is a lack of agreement regarding elastic and plastic behavior. In this paper we aim to analyze mechanical properties of finite-size GNR, including elastic modulus and fracture, as a function of ribbon size. We present classical molecular dynamics simulations for three different empirical potentials which are often used for graphene simulations: AIREBO, REBO-scr and REAXFF. Ribbons with and without H-passivation at the borders are considered, and the effects of strain rate and different boundaries are also explored. We focus on zig-zag GNR, but also include some armchair GNR examples. Results are strongly dependent on the empirical potential employed. Elastic modulus under uniaxial tension can depend on ribbon size, unlike predictions from continuum-scale models and from some atomistic simulations, and fracture strain and progress vary significantly amongst the simulated potentials. Because of that, we have also carried out quasi-static ab-initio simulations for a selected size, and find that the fracture process is not sudden, instead the wave function changes from Blöch states to a strong interaction between localized waves, which decreases continuously with distance. All potentials show good agreement with DFT in the linear elastic regime, but only the REBO-scr potential shows reasonable agreement with DFT both in the nonlinear elastic and fracture regimes. This would allow more reliable simulations of GNRs and GNR-based nanostructures, to help interpreting experimental results and for future technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Aparicio
- CONICET and Universidad de Mendoza, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - E Tangarife
- Centro de Nanotecnología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile
| | - F Munoz
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnología, CEDENNA, Santiago, Chile
| | - R I Gonzalez
- Centro de Nanotecnología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnología, CEDENNA, Santiago, Chile
| | - F J Valencia
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Nanociencia y la Nanotecnología, CEDENNA, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación DAiTA Lab, Facultad de Estudios Interdisciplinarios, Universidad Mayor, Chile
| | - C Careglio
- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Facultad de Ingeniería, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
| | - E M Bringa
- CONICET and Universidad de Mendoza, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina
- Centro de Nanotecnología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 8580745, Chile
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Corral‐Lou A, Perea S, Aparicio E, Doadrio I. Phylogeography and species delineation of the genusPhoxinusRafinesque, 1820 (Actinopterygii: Leuciscidae) in the Iberian Peninsula. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Corral‐Lou
- Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology Department Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC Madrid Spain
| | - Silvia Perea
- Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology Department Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC Madrid Spain
| | - Enric Aparicio
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology University of Girona Girona Spain
| | - Ignacio Doadrio
- Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology Department Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC Madrid Spain
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Aparicio E, Rocaspana R, de Sostoa A, Palau-Ibars A, Alcaraz C. Movements and dispersal of brown trout ( Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758) in Mediterranean streams: influence of habitat and biotic factors. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5730. [PMID: 30345173 PMCID: PMC6188007 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dispersal is a critical determinant of animal distribution and population dynamics, and is essential information for management planning. We studied the movement patterns and the influence of habitat and biotic factors on Mediterranean brown trout (Salmo trutta) by mark-recapture methods in three headwater streams of the Ebro Basin (NE Iberian Peninsula). Fish were sampled by electrofishing on five occasions over 18-24 months and movements of over 3,000 individually tagged trout (age 1+ onwards) were recorded. Most of the tagged fish exhibited limited movement and were recaptured within 100 m from the initial capture section. Small seasonal differences in the movement pattern were observed, but in two of the streams, displacement distances increased prior the spawning period in autumn. The frequency distributions of dispersal distances were highly leptokurtic and skewed to the right and fitted well to a two-group exponential model, thus trout populations were composed of mobile and stationary individuals, the latter being the predominant component in the populations (71.1-87.5% of individuals). The mean dispersal distances, for fish captured at least in three sampling events, ranged 20.7-45.4 m for the stationary group and 229.4-540.5 m for the mobile group. Moving brown trout were larger than non-moving individuals and exhibited higher growth rates in two of the streams. Habitat features were not consistently linked to movement rates, but there were some interaction effects between stream and habitat characteristics such as depth, cover and water velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enric Aparicio
- GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Adolfo de Sostoa
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antoni Palau-Ibars
- Department of Environment and Soil Sciences, University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carles Alcaraz
- IRTA Marine and Continental Waters, Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Catalonia, Spain
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Oromi N, Jové M, Pascual-Pons M, Royo JL, Rocaspana R, Aparicio E, Pamplona R, Palau A, Sanuy D, Fibla J, Portero-Otin M. Differential metabolic profiles associated to movement behaviour of stream-resident brown trout (Salmo trutta). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181697. [PMID: 28750027 PMCID: PMC5531495 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that can contribute in the fish movement strategies and the associated behaviour can be complex and related to the physiology, genetic and ecology of each species. In the case of the brown trout (Salmo trutta), in recent research works, individual differences in mobility have been observed in a population living in a high mountain river reach (Pyrenees, NE Spain). The population is mostly sedentary but a small percentage of individuals exhibit a mobile behavior, mainly upstream movements. Metabolomics can reflect changes in the physiological process and can determine different profiles depending on behaviour. Here, a non-targeted metabolomics approach was used to find possible changes in the blood metabolomic profile of S. trutta related to its movement behaviour, using a minimally invasive sampling. Results showed a differentiation in the metabolomic profiles of the trouts and different level concentrations of some metabolites (e.g. cortisol) according to the home range classification (pattern of movements: sedentary or mobile). The change in metabolomic profiles can generally occur during the upstream movement and probably reflects the changes in metabolite profile from the non-mobile season to mobile season. This study reveals the contribution of the metabolomic analyses to better understand the behaviour of organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Oromi
- Animal Science Department, ETSEA, University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Mariona Jové
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Mariona Pascual-Pons
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Royo
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rafel Rocaspana
- Gesna Estudis Ambientals, S.L., Linyola, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Enric Aparicio
- GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Antoni Palau
- Environment and Soil Sciences Department, ETSEA, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Delfi Sanuy
- Animal Science Department, ETSEA, University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Fibla
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
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Aparicio E. First record of a self-sustaining population of Alpine charr Salvelinus umbla (Linnaeus, 1758) (Actinopterygii, Salmonidae) in Spain. GRAELLSIA 2015. [DOI: 10.3989/graellsia.2015.v71.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Franco S, Bellido R, Aparicio E, Cañete N, García-Retortillo M, Solà R, Tural C, Clotet B, Paredes R, Martínez MA. Natural prevalence of HCV minority variants that are highly resistant to NS3/4A protease inhibitors. J Viral Hepat 2011; 18:e578-82. [PMID: 21914079 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01490.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Minority drug-resistant hepatitis C virus (HCV) variants may go undetected yet be clinically important. NS3/4A protease resistance substitutions V36A and A156S/T/V were selected in patients treated with protease inhibitors. The aim of this study was to investigate whether these substitutions pre-existed in HCV infected patients. An allele-specific PCR protocol that detected the NS3/4A protease resistance substitutions V36A and A156S/T/V was used to determine the prevalence of naturally occurring variants in 45 patients. All patient samples were infected with HCV of genotype 1b and were naïve for pegIFNα/ribavirin treatment. Thirty samples (67%) had at least one HCV PI-resistant variant. A156T (23, 51%) was detected more frequently than A156V (13, 29%) or A156S (1, 2%). V36A was detected in 12 samples (27%). These results demonstrate the high prevalence of minority drug-resistant NS3/4 protease resistance substitutions. Our results also demonstrate that allele-specific PCR can be used to detect minor HCV NS3 protease resistant variants in pretreatment samples and to study in detail the evolution of mutant viruses during targeted antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Franco
- Fundació irsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
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Martínez Isla A, Rojo V, Aparicio E, Marinelli Ibarreta A. [Gas-producing necrotizing infection of the lower limbs secondary to ulcer perforated to retroperitoneum]. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 1990; 77:310-1. [PMID: 2390350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Arias J, Durán M, Enterría F, Aparicio E, Aller MA, Estébanez E, de Pedro JA, Jiménez G, Rodríguez J, Arias JI. [Surgical technics in an experimental transplant of the liver. II. Orthotopic transplant]. Rev Esp Enferm Apar Dig 1986; 69:385-95. [PMID: 3526442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Díaz Fernández A, Ferreiros J, Carrato A, Lantada P, Peña ML, Martin Rodilla C, Aparicio E. [Castleman's disease: myth or reality? Comments with presentation of a case]. Rev Clin Esp 1980; 156:361-3. [PMID: 7384586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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