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Aparicio E, Rocaspana R, de Sostoa A, Palau-Ibars A, Alcaraz C. Movements and dispersal of brown trout ( Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758) in Mediterranean streams: influence of habitat and biotic factors. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5730. [PMID: 30345173 PMCID: PMC6188007 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dispersal is a critical determinant of animal distribution and population dynamics, and is essential information for management planning. We studied the movement patterns and the influence of habitat and biotic factors on Mediterranean brown trout (Salmo trutta) by mark-recapture methods in three headwater streams of the Ebro Basin (NE Iberian Peninsula). Fish were sampled by electrofishing on five occasions over 18-24 months and movements of over 3,000 individually tagged trout (age 1+ onwards) were recorded. Most of the tagged fish exhibited limited movement and were recaptured within 100 m from the initial capture section. Small seasonal differences in the movement pattern were observed, but in two of the streams, displacement distances increased prior the spawning period in autumn. The frequency distributions of dispersal distances were highly leptokurtic and skewed to the right and fitted well to a two-group exponential model, thus trout populations were composed of mobile and stationary individuals, the latter being the predominant component in the populations (71.1-87.5% of individuals). The mean dispersal distances, for fish captured at least in three sampling events, ranged 20.7-45.4 m for the stationary group and 229.4-540.5 m for the mobile group. Moving brown trout were larger than non-moving individuals and exhibited higher growth rates in two of the streams. Habitat features were not consistently linked to movement rates, but there were some interaction effects between stream and habitat characteristics such as depth, cover and water velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enric Aparicio
- GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Adolfo de Sostoa
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antoni Palau-Ibars
- Department of Environment and Soil Sciences, University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carles Alcaraz
- IRTA Marine and Continental Waters, Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Catalonia, Spain
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Oromi N, Jové M, Pascual-Pons M, Royo JL, Rocaspana R, Aparicio E, Pamplona R, Palau A, Sanuy D, Fibla J, Portero-Otin M. Differential metabolic profiles associated to movement behaviour of stream-resident brown trout (Salmo trutta). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181697. [PMID: 28750027 PMCID: PMC5531495 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that can contribute in the fish movement strategies and the associated behaviour can be complex and related to the physiology, genetic and ecology of each species. In the case of the brown trout (Salmo trutta), in recent research works, individual differences in mobility have been observed in a population living in a high mountain river reach (Pyrenees, NE Spain). The population is mostly sedentary but a small percentage of individuals exhibit a mobile behavior, mainly upstream movements. Metabolomics can reflect changes in the physiological process and can determine different profiles depending on behaviour. Here, a non-targeted metabolomics approach was used to find possible changes in the blood metabolomic profile of S. trutta related to its movement behaviour, using a minimally invasive sampling. Results showed a differentiation in the metabolomic profiles of the trouts and different level concentrations of some metabolites (e.g. cortisol) according to the home range classification (pattern of movements: sedentary or mobile). The change in metabolomic profiles can generally occur during the upstream movement and probably reflects the changes in metabolite profile from the non-mobile season to mobile season. This study reveals the contribution of the metabolomic analyses to better understand the behaviour of organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Oromi
- Animal Science Department, ETSEA, University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Mariona Jové
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Mariona Pascual-Pons
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Royo
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rafel Rocaspana
- Gesna Estudis Ambientals, S.L., Linyola, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Enric Aparicio
- GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Antoni Palau
- Environment and Soil Sciences Department, ETSEA, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Delfi Sanuy
- Animal Science Department, ETSEA, University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Fibla
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
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