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Tobi M, Antaki F, Rambus MA, Yang YX, Kaplan D, Rodriguez R, Maliakkal B, Majumdar A, Demian E, Tobi YY, Sochacki P, Ehrinpreis M, Lawson MG, McVicker B. The Non-Invasive Prediction of Colorectal Neoplasia (NIPCON) Study 1995-2022: A Comparison of Guaiac-Based Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) and an Anti-Adenoma Antibody, Adnab-9. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17257. [PMID: 38139086 PMCID: PMC10743815 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the need to improve the sensitivity of non-invasive methods to detect colorectal neoplasia, particularly adenomas, we compared a fecal test using a monoclonal antibody (Mab) raised against constituents of colonic adenomas designated Adnab-9 (Adenoma Antibody 9), recognizing an N-linked 87 kDa glycoprotein, to gFOBT, which is shown to reduce CRC mortality. p87 immunohistochemistry testing is significantly more sensitive (OR 3.64[CI 2.37-5.58]) than gFOBT (guaiac-based fecal occult blood test) for adenomas (<3 in number), advanced adenomas (OR 4.21[CI 2.47-7.15]), or a combination of the two (OR 3.35[CI 2.47-4.53]). p87 immunohistochemistry shows regional Paneth cell (PC) expression mainly in the right-sided colon and is significantly reduced in the ceca of African Americans (p < 0.0001). In a subset of patients, we obtained other body fluids such as urine, colonic effluent, and saliva. Urine tests (organ-specific neoantigen) showed a significant difference for advanced adenomas (p < 0.047). We conclude that fecal p87 testing is more sensitive than gFOBT and Adnab-9 and could be used to better direct the colonoscopy screening effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Tobi
- Department of Research and Development, John D. Dingell VAMC, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (F.A.)
| | - Fadi Antaki
- Department of Research and Development, John D. Dingell VAMC, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (F.A.)
| | - Mary Ann Rambus
- Department of Research and Development, John D. Dingell VAMC, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (F.A.)
| | - Yu-Xiao Yang
- Department of Research and Development, Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA (D.K.); (R.R.)
| | - David Kaplan
- Department of Research and Development, Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA (D.K.); (R.R.)
| | - Rebecca Rodriguez
- Department of Research and Development, Philadelphia VAMC, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA (D.K.); (R.R.)
| | | | - Adhip Majumdar
- Department of Research and Development, John D. Dingell VAMC, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (F.A.)
| | - Ereny Demian
- Departments of Medicine, State University of Pennsylvania, State College, PA 16802, USA;
| | - Yosef Y. Tobi
- New York Medical College, Touro University, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
| | - Paula Sochacki
- Department of Research and Development, John D. Dingell VAMC, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (F.A.)
| | - Murray Ehrinpreis
- Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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Tobi M, Bluth MH, Rossi NF, Demian E, Talwar H, Tobi YY, Sochacki P, Levi E, Lawson M, McVicker B. In the SARS-CoV-2 Pandora Pandemic: Can the Stance of Premorbid Intestinal Innate Immune System as Measured by Fecal Adnab-9 Binding of p87:Blood Ferritin, Yielding the FERAD Ratio, Predict COVID-19 Susceptibility and Survival in a Prospective Population Database? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087536. [PMID: 37108697 PMCID: PMC10145175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 severity predictions are feasible, though individual susceptibility is not. The latter prediction allows for planning vaccination strategies and the quarantine of vulnerable targets. Ironically, the innate immune response (InImS) is both an antiviral defense and the potential cause of adverse immune outcomes. The competition for iron has been recognized between both the immune system and invading pathogens and expressed in a ratio of ferritin divided by p87 (as defined by the Adnab-9 ELISA stool-binding optical density, minus the background), known as the FERAD ratio. Associations with the FERAD ratio may allow predictive modeling for the susceptibility and severity of disease. We evaluated other potential COVID-19 biomarkers prospectively. Patients with PCR+ COVID-19 tests (Group 1; n = 28) were compared to three other groups. In Group 2 (n = 36), and 13 patients displayed COVID-19-like symptoms but had negative PCR or negative antibody tests. Group 3 (n = 90) had no symptoms and were negative when routinely PCR-tested before medical procedures. Group 4 (n = 2129) comprised a pool of patients who had stool tests and symptoms, but their COVID-19 diagnoses were unknown; therefore, they were chosen to represent the general population. Twenty percent of the Group 4 patients (n = 432) had sufficient data to calculate their FERAD ratios, which were inversely correlated with the risk of COVID-19 in the future. In a case report of a neonate, we studied three biomarkers implicated in COVID-19, including p87, Src (cellular-p60-sarcoma antigen), and Abl (ABL-proto-oncogene 2). The InImS of the first two were positively correlated. An inverse correlation was found between ferritin and lysozyme in serum (p < 0.05), suggesting that iron could have impaired an important innate immune system anti-viral effector and could partially explain future COVID-19 susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Tobi
- Research and Development Service, Detroit VAMC, 4747 John R Street, Detroit, MI 48602, USA
| | - Martin H Bluth
- Blood Transfusion and Donor Services, Department of Pathology, Maimonides Medical Center, 4802 10th Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11219, USA
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E Canfield St, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Noreen F Rossi
- Research and Development Service, Detroit VAMC, 4747 John R Street, Detroit, MI 48602, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E. Canfield Ave., Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Ereny Demian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 700 HMC Cres Rd., Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Harvinder Talwar
- Research and Development Service, Detroit VAMC, 4747 John R Street, Detroit, MI 48602, USA
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E Canfield St, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Yosef Y Tobi
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Paula Sochacki
- Department of Pathology, Detroit VAMC, 4747 John R Street, Detroit, MI 48602, USA
| | - Edi Levi
- Research and Development Service, Detroit VAMC, 4747 John R Street, Detroit, MI 48602, USA
| | - Michael Lawson
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California at Sacramento, Sacramento, CA 95819, USA
| | - Benita McVicker
- Research Service, VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Chang E, Vickery J, Zaiat N, Sallam E, Hanan A, Baker S, Alhamar M, Poulik J, Demian E, Shehata BM. Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis (CRMO): A Study of 12 Cases from One Institution and Literature Review. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2022; 41:759-770. [PMID: 34542007 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2021.1978602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CRMO is a sterile auto inflammatory bone disease that affects the pediatric population. Recently, single gene mutations in LPIN2, DIRA, and IL1RN have been reported in murine models of CRMO. MATERIALS AND METHODS The medical records and histopathological slides of twelve patients were reviewed. RESULTS The diagnosis was determined by multiple lesions, imaging, negative cultures, bone biopsy, and lack of antibiotic response. Biopsy showed early neutrophilic infiltrates, and older lesions showed lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates and fibrosis. Patients were treated with anti-inflammatory medication with some lesions completely resolving. CONCLUSION Bone biopsy aids the diagnosis of CRMO in correlation with clinical presentation, imaging, and culture findings. Our findings indicate the kinetics of CRMO is not well defined and the fibrosis may be reached after months, in contrast to the previously reported several years. We hope that these genetic mutations can be further studied in human models to describe the genetics behind CRMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Chang
- Pathology, Children Hospital of Michigan, Detroit MI, USA
| | | | - Nadeen Zaiat
- Pathology, Children Hospital of Michigan, Detroit MI, USA
| | - Eman Sallam
- Pathology, Children Hospital of Michigan, Detroit MI, USA
| | - Abdul Hanan
- Pathology, Children Hospital of Michigan, Detroit MI, USA
| | - Scott Baker
- Pathology, Children Hospital of Michigan, Detroit MI, USA
| | | | - Janet Poulik
- Pathology, Children Hospital of Michigan, Detroit MI, USA
| | - Ereny Demian
- Pathology, Children Hospital of Michigan, Detroit MI, USA
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