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Shipman P, Arnold E, Beswick DM, Rowan NR, Karsy M, Alt JA, Gill AS. Site-Specific Quality of Life Outcomes Following Anterior Skull Base Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World Neurosurg 2024; 185:254-260. [PMID: 38431213 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.02.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a limited understanding of site-specific, quality of life (QOL) outcomes in anterior skull base surgery (ASBS). The objective of the present investigation was to characterize postoperative change in QOL outcomes for anterior skull base lesions following open and endoscopic surgery. METHODS A comprehensive review of the literature was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines using the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane databases for studies reporting pre- and postoperative, site-specific, QOL outcome measures in ASBS using validated questionnaires. Studies utilizing the anterior skull base quality of life (ASBQ) questionnaire or the skull base inventory were included. Investigations focusing on skull base surgery for pituitary lesions, as well as survey validation and non-English studies, were excluded. RESULTS A total of 112 studies were screened; 4 studies, comprising a total of 195 patients and focusing exclusively on the ASBQ, were included in the systematic review. Using a fixed effect model for the meta-analysis, the mean ASBQ score was similar at six (3.45, P = 0.312; -0.19, 95% confidence interval: -0.57, 0.18) and 12 months postoperatively (3.6, P = 0.147; 0.3, 95% confidence interval: -0.11, 0.72) compared to baseline (3.53). CONCLUSIONS Across a variety of anterior skull base pathologies, skull base-specific QOL demonstrated no improvement at 6 months and 12 months postsurgery. Few studies to date have published pre- and postoperative QOL data for patients undergoing ASBS, highlighting a current shortcoming in the available literature. Long-term follow-up in patients undergoing open and endoscopic approaches will be necessary to better understand and optimize outcomes for patients having ASBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige Shipman
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Erica Arnold
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Daniel M Beswick
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nicholas R Rowan
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael Karsy
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jeremiah A Alt
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Amarbir S Gill
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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Musa A, Arnold E, Carpenter-Thompson R, Anavim A, Ter-Oganesyan R, Harvill M, Kakos R, Salamo R, Carle T, Harb A. Abstract No. 185 Superior Hypogastric Nerve Blockade to Reduce Pain after Uterine Fibroid Artery Embolization: A Systematic Review of the Literature. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
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Musa A, Afify O, Al-Hihi M, Anavim A, Holton J, Azar S, Kumar V, Cassella K, Ledbetter K, Trivedi P, Arnold E, Ter-Oganesyan R. Abstract No. 526 How do interventional radiology residency program directors prefer to increase female and under-represented minority (URM) representation? J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Loza-Gomez A, NokLam C, Arnold E, Menchine M. 293 Barriers in Telephone CPR Instruction by 911 Dispatchers for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Ann Emerg Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.09.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Arnold E, Hites L, Miltner R, Shirey M, Su W, White-Williams C. Transitional Care Home Visits: Outcomes Among Underserved Patients in a Heart Failure Clinic. Heart Lung 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2020.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ginn RE, Packard VS, Fox TL, Arnold E, Barnett J, Bulthaus M, Bushman P, Case R, Crevey N, Fenelon M, Fuqua R, Gilman C, Hawkinson J, Heady J, Hendrickson H, Koenig E, Messer J, Mullen R, Phillips M, Santorello J, Slamp R, Wehr M, Zimmerman A. Enumeration of Total Bacteria and Coliforms in Milk by Dry Rehydratable Film Methods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/69.3.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Eleven laboratories participated in a collaborative study to compare the dry rehydratable film (Petrifilm® SM and Petrifilm® VRB) methods, respectively, to the standard plate count (SPC) and violet red bile agar (VRBA) standard methods for estimation of total bacteria and coliform counts in raw and homogenized pasteurized milk. Each laboratory analyzed 16 samples (8 different samples in blind duplicate) for total count by both the SPC and Petrifilm SM methods. A second set of 16 samples was analyzed by the VRBA and Petrifilm VRB methods. The repeatability standard deviations (the square root of the between-replicates variance) of the SPC, Petrifilm SM, VRBA, and Petrifilm VRB methods were 0.0S104, 0.0444, 0.14606, and 0.13806, respectively; the reproducibility standard deviations were 0.7197, C.06380, 0.15326, and 0.13806, respectively. The difference between the mean Iog10 SPC and the mean logio Petrifilm SM results was 0.027. For the VRBA and Petrifilm VRB methods, the mean log10 difference was 0.013. These results generally indicate the suitability of the dry rehydratable film methods as alternatives to the SPC and VRBA methods for milk samples. The methods have been adopted official first action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy E Ginn
- Dairy Quality Control Institute, Inc., 2353 Rice St, St. Paul, MN 55113
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Abstract
Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals include, but are not limited to, those who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ). LGBTQ individuals are considered a marginalized and at-risk population, facing significant health care inequities when compared with heterosexual and cisgendered (ie, "gender-conforming") populations. They are more likely than heterosexual and cisgendered individuals to experience discrimination, bias, and dissatisfaction with the medical system. This article provides a broad overview of systemic inequalities confronting SGM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Arnold
- Spring Street Dermatology, 73 Spring Street, Suite 303, New York, NY 10012, USA; University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Nikhil Dhingra
- Spring Street Dermatology, 73 Spring Street, Suite 303, New York, NY 10012, USA; Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Lane SJ, Walker I, Chan AK, Heddle NM, Poon MC, Minuk L, Jardine L, Arnold E, Sholapur N, Webert KE. Treatment decision-making among Canadian youth with severe haemophilia: a qualitative approach. Haemophilia 2014; 21:180-189. [PMID: 25296666 DOI: 10.1111/hae.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The first generation of young men using primary prophylaxis is coming of age. Important questions regarding the management of severe haemophilia with prophylaxis persist: Can prophylaxis be stopped? At what age? To what effect? Can the regimen be individualized? The reasons why some individuals discontinue or poorly comply with prophylaxis are not well understood. These issues have been explored using predominantly quantitative research approaches, yielding little insight into treatment decision-making from the perspectives of persons with haemophilia (PWH). Positioning the PWH as a source of expertise about their condition and its management, we undertook a qualitative study: (i) to explore and understand the lived experience of young men with severe haemophilia A or B and (ii) to identify the factors and inter-relationships between factors that affect young men's treatment decision-making. This manuscript reports primarily on the second objective. A modified Straussian, grounded theory methodology was used for data collection (interviews) and preliminary analysis. The study sample, youth aged 15-29, with severe haemophilia A or B, was chosen selectively and recruited through three Canadian Haemophilia Treatment Centres. We found treatment decision-making to be multi-factorial and used the Framework method to analyze the inter-relationships between factors. A typology of four distinct approaches to treatment was identified: lifestyle routine prophylaxis, situational prophylaxis, strict routine prophylaxis and no prophylaxis. Standardized treatment definitions (i.e.: 'primary' and 'secondary', 'prophylaxis') do not adequately describe the ways participants treat. Naming the variation of approaches documented in this study can improve PWH/provider communication, treatment planning and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Lane
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Heddle NM, Lane SJ, Sholapur N, Arnold E, Newbold B, Eyles J, Webert KE. Implementation and public acceptability: lessons from food irradiation and how they might apply to pathogen reduction in blood products. Vox Sang 2014; 107:50-9. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. M. Heddle
- Department of Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
- Research and Development; Canadian Blood Services; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - S. J. Lane
- Department of Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - N. Sholapur
- Department of Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - E. Arnold
- Department of Social Sciences; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - B. Newbold
- School of Geography and Earth Sciences; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - J. Eyles
- School of Geography and Earth Sciences; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
- Centre for Health Policy; School of Public Health; University of Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - K. E. Webert
- Department of Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
- Medical Services and Innovation; Canadian Blood Services; Hamilton ON Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
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Arnold E, Lane S, Webert KE, Chan A, Walker I, Tufts J, Rubin S, Poon MC, Heddle NM. What should men living with haemophilia need to know? The perspectives of Canadian men with haemophilia. Haemophilia 2013; 20:219-25. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.12297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Arnold
- Department of Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - S. Lane
- Department of Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - K. E. Webert
- Canadian Blood Services; Hamilton ON Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - A. Chan
- Department of Pediatrics; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - I. Walker
- Department of Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - J. Tufts
- Department of Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
| | - S. Rubin
- Department of Medicine; Horizon Health Network; Moncton NB Canada
| | - M-C. Poon
- Department of Medicine, Pediatrics and Oncology; University of Calgary; Calgary AB Canada
| | - N. M. Heddle
- Department of Medicine; McMaster University; Hamilton ON Canada
- Canadian Blood Services, Research and Development; Hamilton ON Canada
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Arnold E, Bell N, Boesen T, Boldt N, Borden A, Bro J, Douglas M, Fuller J, Furumo Q, Gummin C, Keuler A, Kim D, Martinez A, Moldenhauer D, Mullooly I, Nelsen‐Freund R, Ogunkunle D, Ortega L, Palmersheim S, Sabatino T, Schwabe B, Sung R, Trzcinski K, Ulschmid C, Klestinski K, Kaiser C, Vogt D, Cunningham CW. One Indole Ring to Rule Them All: How Modeling of Naltrindole Bound to the Delta Opioid Receptor Can Aid the Development of Novel Analgesics. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.lb171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Arnold
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
| | - N. Bell
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
| | - T. Boesen
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
| | - N. Boldt
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
| | - A. Borden
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
| | - J. Bro
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
| | - M. Douglas
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
| | - J. Fuller
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
| | - Q. Furumo
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
| | - C. Gummin
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
| | - A. Keuler
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
| | - D. Kim
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
| | | | | | | | | | | | - L. Ortega
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
| | | | | | - B. Schwabe
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
| | - R. Sung
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
| | | | | | | | - C. Kaiser
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
| | - D. Vogt
- Marquette University High SchoolMilwaukeeWI
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13
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Lane S, Arnold E, Webert KE, Chan A, Walker I, Heddle NM. What should men living with severe haemophilia need to know? The perspectives of Canadian haemophilia health care providers. Haemophilia 2013; 19:503-10. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Lane
- McMaster University; Department of Medicine; Hamilton; ON; Canada
| | - E. Arnold
- McMaster University; Department of Medicine; Hamilton; ON; Canada
| | | | - A. Chan
- McMaster University; Department of Pediatrics; Hamilton; ON; Canada
| | - I. Walker
- McMaster University; Division of Hematology & Thromboembolism; Department of Medicine; Hamilton; ON; Canada
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Castoldi R, Jucknischke U, Pradel LP, Arnold E, Klein C, Scheiblich S, Niederfellner G, Sustmann C. Molecular characterization of novel trispecific ErbB-cMet-IGF1R antibodies and their antigen-binding properties. Protein Eng Des Sel 2012; 25:551-9. [PMID: 22936109 PMCID: PMC3449402 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzs048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic antibodies are well established drugs in diverse medical indications. Their success invigorates research on multi-specific antibodies in order to enhance drug efficacy by co-targeting of receptors and addressing key questions of emerging resistance mechanisms. Despite challenges in production, multi-specific antibodies are potentially more potent biologics for cancer therapy. However, so far only bispecific antibody formats have entered clinical phase testing. For future design of antibodies allowing even more targeting specificities, an understanding of the antigen-binding properties of such molecules is crucial. To this end, we have generated different IgG-like TriMAbs (trispecific, trivalent and tetravalent antibodies) directed against prominent cell surface antigens often deregulated in tumor biology. A combination of surface plasmon resonance and isothermal titration calorimetry techniques enables quantitative assessment of the antigen-binding properties of TriMAbs. We demonstrate that the kinetic profiles for the individual antigens are similar to the parental antibodies and all antigens can be bound simultaneously even in the presence of FcγRIIIa. Furthermore, cooperative binding of TriMAbs to their antigens was demonstrated. All antibodies are fully functional and inhibit receptor phosphorylation and cellular growth. TriMAbs are therefore ideal candidates for future applications in various therapeutic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Castoldi
- Discovery Oncology Department, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, 81377 Penzberg, Germany
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Arnold E, Werner G. La spirométrie séparée en pratique phtisiologique. Respiration 2010. [DOI: 10.1159/000191250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Arnold E. Risque persistant de contamination tuberculeuse chez l’enfant. Respiration 2009. [DOI: 10.1159/000191985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Arnold E, Deller M. Note sur la pleurésie des phtisiques. Respiration 2009. [DOI: 10.1159/000191499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Arnold E, Hauduroy P, Wiesmann E. Intérêt de la Kanamycine en cas de résistance aux médicaments antituberculeux majeurs. Respiration 2009. [DOI: 10.1159/000192326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Werner G, Arnold E. Observations sur l’électrocardiogramme des tuberculeux pulmonaires. Respiration 2009. [DOI: 10.1159/000191382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Arnold E. Les examens de la fonction respiratoire. Respiration 2009. [DOI: 10.1159/000191759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Arnold E. Les indications actuelles de la collapsothérapie et de l’exérèse dans le traitement de la tuberculose pulmonaire cavitaire. Respiration 2009. [DOI: 10.1159/000191889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Arnold E, Wacker T. Topographie segmentaire par tomographies obliques. Respiration 2009. [DOI: 10.1159/000191935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Arnold E, Messerli P. Troubles de la mémoire et thérapeutique antituberculeuse. Respiration 2009. [DOI: 10.1159/000192123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Arnold E, Ahmad-Zadeh C. Abcès du poumon et tuberculose. Respiration 2009. [DOI: 10.1159/000192324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Arnold E. La streptomycine dans l’empyème tuberculeux. Respiration 2008. [DOI: 10.1159/000191151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Arnold E, de Meyer G. Les modifications apportées à la formule sanguine par la toxine tuberculeuse. Respiration 2008. [DOI: 10.1159/000191111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Himmel D, Pauly T, Bauman J, Dharia C, Clark A, Ryan K, Maegley K, Arnold E. Structure for an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase RNase H inhibitor bound at the active site. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308088880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Das K, Baruman J, Bandwar R, Clark Jr A, Hughes S, Arnold E. Role of structures in designing anti-AIDS drugs targeting reverse transcriptase. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308098826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Bhat T, Nguyen A, Noble G, Cooney L, Nasr M, Wlodawer A, Das K, Arnold E. Structural database using semantic web concepts to support structure-based drug design for AIDS. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308094713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Clark A, Bauman J, Das K, Dharia C, Boyer P, Clark P, Shatkin A, Hughes S, Arnold E. Many are called but few are chosen: 20 years of crystallizing HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s010876730809226x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Pai M, Li Y, Whittaker S, Arnold E, Seecharan JL, Moffat KA, Webert KE, Cook RJ, Heddle N, Hayward CPM. GENDER DIFFERENCES IN BLEEDING PROBLEMS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF A BLEEDING DISORDER. CLIN INVEST MED 2008. [DOI: 10.25011/cim.v31i4.4819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background: The value of gender-specific questions in assessing patients for bleeding problems is not well established, nor is the impact of bleeding on sexual and reproductive health.
Methods: We administered the CHAT (clinical history assessment tool) to 256 females and 66 males referred for bleeding problems, and 67 female and 32 male healthy controls. This detailed bleeding history questionnaire included questions about sexual health, blood in semen, and bleeding with circumcision, menses, pregnancies, and childbirth. A diagnosis for each patient was established by independent medical record review. The prevalence of symptoms among patients and controls was compared.
Results: 80% of patients had bleeding disorders (205 women, 54 men). Men with bleeding disorders did not have significantly increased intercourse-related bleeding, bleeding affecting their sex life, or gender-specific bleeding. Women with bleeding disorders had significantly increased intercourse-related bleeding and bleeding affecting their sex life. They also had significantly increased risks of prolonged menses, menses interfering with lifestyle, and menses requiring medical or surgical therapy (all p values < 0.001). Women with bleeding disorders were more concerned about pregnancy and delivery because of bleeding (p=0.0001), and 38% had been told by a doctor not to become pregnant. Yet they did not have increased risks for pregnancy loss or bleeding during pregnancy (p values > 0.1) and had similar numbers of offspring as controls (mean 2.0 vs.1.7).
Conclusion: Gender has an important impact on the manifestations, diagnosis and management of common bleeding disorders. Detailed questions about gender-specific bleeding are useful in assessing women with possible bleeding disorders, as they are at greater risk for bleeding that negatively impacts their sexual and reproductive health.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Herb and plant based preparations are a popular treatment for asthma, although there remain concerns as to their efficacy and safety. In Western societies, motivations for using such treatments may be both positive and negative, with their perceived safety and dissatisfaction with conventional medicine among them. In China such treatments are more commonly used and many compounds considered 'conventional' are derived from herbs or plants. OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy and safety of herb and plant extracts in the management of chronic asthma. SEARCH STRATEGY The Cochrane Airways Group Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE and AMED were searched with pre-defined terms. Searches are current as of February 2007. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised placebo controlled trials of any herb or plant extract were eligible. Study participants had to have a primary diagnosis of asthma. Studies in both adults and children were eligible for the review. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers assessed studies for suitability. Data were extracted and double-checked. MAIN RESULTS Twenty-seven studies (29 experimental groups) met the review entry criteria, randomising a total of 1925 participants. The studies identified assessed the effects of 21 different herbal preparations. Study quality varied considerably, and the sample sizes were often small. For primary outcomes (exacerbations, steroids use and lung function measurements): Two out of six studies reporting change in FEV1 were positive, with very few data available on the frequency of exacerbations. One study which did report these data was negative. Health-related quality of life was only measured in one trial. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The evidence base for the effects of herbal treatments is hampered by the variety of treatments assessed, poor reporting quality of the studies and lack of available data. The data that are available from the studies provide only a small insight into the long-term efficacy and harm profiles of these treatments. The absence of common endpoint measurements limits the validity of our findings further. Positive findings in this review warrant additional well-designed trials in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Arnold
- St George's, University of London, Community Health Sciences (6th Floor, Hunter Wing), Cranmer Terrace, Tooting, London, UK, SW17 0RE.
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Kafatos G, Verlander NQ, Gelb D, Arnold E, Charlett A. A comparison of public domain software for outbreak investigations: Epi Info and EpiData. Euro Surveill 2007; 12:E070111.4. [PMID: 17370933 DOI: 10.2807/esw.12.02.03111-en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the early 1980s, there has been an increase in the number of outbreaks investigated using analytical epidemiology since it became widely accepted that microbiological investigation alone is often insufficient. This increase has also been encouraged by a growing availability of statistical tools within public health and the establishment of international and national training programmes and courses.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kafatos
- Statistics, Modelling and Bioinformatics Department, Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, London, UK.
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Hope R, Potz NAC, Warner M, Fagan EJ, Arnold E, Livermore DM. Efficacy of practised screening methods for detection of cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. J Antimicrob Chemother 2006; 59:110-3. [PMID: 17090552 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkl431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Enterobacteriaceae with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are now widespread and simple phenotypic tests are required to detect them in diagnostic laboratories. We investigated the performance of screening methods at 16 hospitals in South-East England. METHODS Sixteen laboratories in South-East England submitted 1195 consecutive Enterobacteriaceae isolates found to be resistant, by their routine methods, to any or all of cefpodoxime, ceftazidime and cefotaxime. These isolates were re-tested centrally with various cephalosporin/clavulanate combinations and with multiplex PCR for bla(CTX-M) and bla(AmpC) alleles. RESULTS Screening methods among the laboratories were the following: cefpodoxime discs alone (1 site); cefpodoxime, cefotaxime and ceftazidime discs (9 sites) or agar dilution (1 site); Phoenix (2 sites), Vitek 1 (1 site) and Vitek 2 (2 sites). A total of 8% of isolates submitted based on disc tests proved fully cephalosporin-susceptible, compared with 3% sent based on tests with automated systems and none of those sent based on agar dilution tests. Among isolates submitted solely on cefpodoxime resistance 256/372 (69%) proved cephalosporin-susceptible or had only borderline resistance with no clear mechanism demonstrable; this proportion decreased to 28/160 (18%) for those submitted on the basis of resistance to ceftazidime, 18/122 (15%) for those resistant to cefotaxime and 26/496 (5%) for those resistant to both cefotaxime and ceftazidime. The inference of ESBL production by Vitek 2 had the best agreement with reference laboratory results. CONCLUSIONS Many isolates found resistant only to cefpodoxime at the source sites proved not to have ESBLs or AmpC; screening with cefotaxime and ceftazidime allowed better specificity for identification of mechanism-based resistance, as did the automated systems. Cefpodoxime disc tests nevertheless remain a useful primary screen for laboratories prepared only to test one agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hope
- Centre for Infections, Health Protection Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK.
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Schupp N, Schmid U, Arnold E, Heidland A, Stopper H. Th-P16:362 Rosuvastatin reduces oxidative stress and DNA damage in human promyelocytic HL-60 cells. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(06)82320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Arnold E. Intl Tables for Crystallography Vol F1, space-group symmetry for structural biology. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305094389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Frenkel YV, Das K, Clark AD, Lewi PJ, Arnold E. Hydrophobic drug aggregates: structure and biology. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305082395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Arnold E, Frenkel YV, Oren DA, Hughes SA, Elsasser DA, Clark Jr AD, Velasco PA, Ding J, Arnold GF. Structure-based vaccine design of human rhinovirus: HIV chimeras as candidate AIDS vaccines. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305097874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Das K, Clark Jr AD, Lewi PJ, Hughes SH, Janssen PAJ, Arnold E. Structure-based design of new AIDS drugs: overcoming drug resistance. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305094973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Arnold E, Rossmann MG. Update on International Tables for Crystallography Volume F. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305094390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Himmel DM, Sarafianos SG, Dharmasena S, Hossain M, McCoy-Simandle K, Clark PK, Clark Jr AD, Knight JL, Levy RM, Hughes SH, Parniak MA, Arnold E. X-ray structure for an RNase H inhibitor bound to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305089397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Arnold E, Heddle N, Lane S, Sek J, Almonte T, Walker I. Handheld computers and paper diaries for documenting the use of factor concentrates used in haemophilia home therapy: a qualitative study. Haemophilia 2005; 11:216-26. [PMID: 15876266 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2005.01095.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A recently published randomized controlled trial (RCT) showed that adherence to infusion diary record keeping was improved by the use of handheld computers. In this study, attitudes to record keeping were explored and patient preferences regarding the method of recording determined for the patients who participated in the trial. Qualitative study consisting of individual semi-structured interviews with 20 severely affected patients with haemophilia who participated in an RCT. Individuals were purposefully sampled based on their recent method of record keeping and whether child or adult. Analysis employed a constant comparative method to identify key themes from the data. Most individuals (19 of 20, 95%) considered record keeping to be important. They readily identified reasons to keep records: to benefit themselves, their families, clinical staff, product distributors and manufacturers. Keeping records helps them: feel a part of the health care team; have confidence they would be notified of product recalls; review their past history; improve their ability to advocate for themselves and improve communication among all parties. Record keeping, particularly when using paper diaries, can be burdensome and a challenge to maintain consistently. All 10 individuals (100%) who had used both paper diaries and handheld computers preferred the latter. Most patients understand that record keeping can be of benefit to them. Clinics can use this knowledge to inspire other patients by developing educational programmes that de-emphasize authority. In addition, given the evidence of both patients' preference for handheld computers, and the effectiveness of this approach documented in an RCT, switching to handheld computers is likely to improve record keeping.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Arnold
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Tian Y, Ramesh CV, Ma X, Naqvi S, Patel T, Cenizal T, Tiscione M, Diaz K, Crea T, Arnold E, Arnold GF, Taylor JW. Structure-affinity relationships in the gp41 ELDKWA epitope for the HIV-1 neutralizing monoclonal antibody 2F5: effects of side-chain and backbone modifications and conformational constraints. J Pept Res 2002; 59:264-76. [PMID: 12010517 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-3011.2002.02988.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The human monoclonal antibody, mAb 2F5, has broad HIV-1 neutralizing activity and binds a conserved linear epitope within the envelope glycoprotein gp41 having a core recognition sequence ELDKWA. In this study, the structural requirements of this epitope for high-affinity binding to mAb 2F5 were explored using peptide synthesis and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Expansion of the minimal epitope to an end-capped, linear nonapeptide, Ac-LELDKWASL-amide, was sufficient to attain maximal affinity within the set of native gp41-sequence peptides assayed. Scanning single-residue alanine and d-residue substitutions then confirmed the essential recognition requirements of 2F5 for the central DKW sequence, and also established the importance of the terminal leucine residues in determining high-affinity binding of the linear nonapeptide. Further studies of side-chain and backbone-modified analogs revealed a high degree of structural specificity for the DK sequence in particular, and delineated the steric requirements of the Leu(3) and Trp(6) residues. The nine-residue 2F5 epitope, flanked by pairs of serine residues, retained a high affinity for 2F5 when it was conformationally constrained as a 15-residue, disulfide-bridged loop. However, analogs with smaller or larger loop sizes resulted in lower 2F5 affinities. The conformational effects of the gp41 C-peptide helix immediately adjacent to the N-terminal end of the ELDKWA epitope were examined through the synthesis of helix-initiated analogs. Circular dichroism (CD) studies indicated that the alpha-helical conformation was propagated efficiently into the LELDKWASL epitope, but without any significant effect on its affinity for 2F5. This study should guide the design of a second generation of conformationally constrained ELDKWA analogs that might elicit an immune response that mimics the HIV-neutralizing actions of 2F5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tian
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, USA; also Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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Montelione GT, Arnold E, Meinwald YC, Stimson ER, Denton JB, Huang SG, Clardy J, Scheraga HA. Chain-folding initiation structures in ribonuclease A: conformational analysis of trans-Ac-Asn-Pro-Tyr-NHMe and trans-Ac-Tyr-Pro-Asn-NHMe in water and in the solid state. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00337a052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Das K, Xiao R, Wahlberg E, Hsu F, Arrowsmith CH, Montelione GT, Arnold E. X-ray crystal structure of MTH938 from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum at 2.2 A resolution reveals a novel tertiary protein fold. Proteins 2001; 45:486-8. [PMID: 11746696 DOI: 10.1002/prot.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Das
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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Abstract
The synthesis of retroviral DNA is initiated near the 5' end of the RNA. DNA synthesis is transferred from the 5' end to the 3' end of viral RNA in an RNase H-dependent step. In the case of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) (and certain other retroviruses that have complex secondary structures at the ends of the viral RNA), there is the possibility that DNA synthesis can lead to a self-priming event that would block viral replication. The extent of RNase H cleavage must be sufficient to allow the strand transfer reaction to occur, but not so extensive that self-priming occurs. We have used a series of model RNA substrates, with and without a 5' cap, to investigate the rules governing RNase H cleavage at the 5' end of the HIV-1 genome. These in vitro RNase H cleavage reactions produce an RNA fragment of the size needed to block self-priming but still allow strand transfer. The cleavages seen in vitro can be understood in light of the structure of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in a complex with an RNA/DNA substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Q Gao
- ABL-Basic Research Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, USA
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Merlin T, Arnold E, Petros P, MacTaggart P, Tulloch A, Faulkner K, Maddern G. A systematic review of tension-free urethropexy for stress urinary incontinence: intravaginal slingplasty and the tension-free vaginal tape procedures. BJU Int 2001; 88:871-80. [PMID: 11851606 DOI: 10.1046/j.1464-4096.2001.01667.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Merlin
- Australian Safety and Efficacy Register of New Interventional Procedures - Surgical (ASERNIP-S), North Adelaide, South Australia
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