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Cervi C, Sápi Z, Bedics G, Zajta E, Hegyi L, Pápay J, Dezső K, Varga E, Mudra K, Bödör C, Csóka M. Case report: Complete and durable response to larotrectinib (TRK inhibitor) in an infant diagnosed with angiosarcoma harbouring a KHDRBS1-NTRK3 fusion gene. Front Oncol 2023; 13:999810. [PMID: 36910630 PMCID: PMC9997097 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.999810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant improvements in the survival rates of paediatric cancer have been achieved over the past decade owing to recent advances in therapeutic and diagnostic strategies. However, disease progression and relapse remain a major challenge for the clinical management of paediatric angiosarcoma. Comprehensive genomic profiling of these rare tumours using high-throughput sequencing technologies may improve patient stratification and identify actionable biomarkers for therapeutic intervention. Here, we describe the clinical, histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular profile of a novel and precision medicine-informed case where a KHDRBS1-NTRK3 fusion determined by next-generation sequencing-based comprehensive genomic profiling led to complete and sustained remission (clinical and radiological response) in an otherwise incurable disease. Our patient represents the first paediatric angiosarcoma harbouring a targetable NTRK3 fusion in the literature and demonstrates the first example of targeting this alteration in angiosarcoma using larotrectinib, an NTRK inhibitor. Clinical and radiological remission was achieved in under two months of therapy, and the patient is currently in complete remission, 4 month after stopping larotrectinib therapy, which was given over 17 months with only mild side effects reported. Therefore, this remarkable case exemplifies the true essence of precision-based care by incorporating conventional pathology with the why, when, and how to test for rare oncogenic drivers and agnostic biomarkers in paediatric angiosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Cervi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,2nd Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Sápi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Bedics
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erik Zajta
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lajos Hegyi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Pápay
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Dezső
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edit Varga
- 2nd Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Mudra
- 2nd Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Bödör
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Monika Csóka
- 2nd Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Bedics G, Kotmayer L, Zajta E, Hegyi LL, Brückner EÁ, Rajnai H, Reiniger L, Bödör C, Garami M, Scheich B. Germline MUTYH mutations and high-grade gliomas: novel evidence for a potential association. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2022; 61:622-628. [PMID: 35545820 PMCID: PMC9541377 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.23054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing body of evidence supporting the role of germline mutations in the pathogenesis of pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors, and the widespread use of next‐generation sequencing (NGS) panels facilitates their detection. Variants of the MUTYH gene are increasingly recognized as suspected germline background of various extraintestinal malignancies, besides their well‐characterized role in the polyposis syndrome associated with biallelic mutations. Using a multigene NGS panel (Illumina TruSight Oncology 500), we detected one H3 G34V‐ and one H3 K27M‐mutant pediatric high‐grade diffuse glioma, in association with c.1178G>A (p.G393D) and c.916C>T (p.R306C) MUTYH variants, respectively. Both MUTYH mutations were germline, heterozygous and inherited, according to the subsequent genetic testing of the patients and their first‐degree relatives. In the H3 K27M‐mutant glioma, amplifications affecting the 4q12 region were also detected, in association with KDR‐PDGFRA, KIT‐PDGFRA, and KDR‐CHIC2 fusions, previously unreported in this entity. Among 47 other CNS tumors of various histological types tested with the same NGS panel in our institution, only one adult glioblastoma harbored MUTYH mutation. Together with a single previous report, our data raises the possibility of an association between germline MUTYH mutations and CNS malignancies, particularly in pediatric histone H3‐mutant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Bedics
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, Hungary.,HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lili Kotmayer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, Hungary.,HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erik Zajta
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, Hungary.,HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lajos László Hegyi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, Hungary.,HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edit Ágota Brückner
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 7-9, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Rajnai
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla Reiniger
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Bödör
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, Hungary.,HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Garami
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 7-9, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Scheich
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, Hungary
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Zajta E, Csonka K, Tóth A, Tiszlavicz L, Németh T, Orosz A, Novák Á, Csikós M, Vágvölgyi C, Mócsai A, Gácser A. Signaling through Syk or CARD9 Mediates Species-Specific Anti- Candida Protection in Bone Marrow Chimeric Mice. mBio 2021; 12:e0160821. [PMID: 34465030 PMCID: PMC8406149 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01608-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and the downstream adaptor protein CARD9 are crucial signaling molecules in antimicrobial immunity. Candida parapsilosis is an emerging fungal pathogen with a high incidence in neonates, while Candida albicans is the most common agent of candidiasis. While signaling through Syk/CARD9 promotes protective host mechanisms in response to C. albicans, its function in immunity against C. parapsilosis remains unclear. Here, we generated Syk-/- and CARD9-/- bone marrow chimeric mice to study the role of Syk/CARD9 signaling in immune responses to C. parapsilosis compared to C. albicans. We demonstrate various functions of this pathway (e.g., phagocytosis, phagosome acidification, and killing) in Candida-challenged, bone marrow-derived macrophages with differential involvement of Syk and CARD9 along with species-specific differences in cytokine production. We report that Syk-/- or CARD9-/- chimeras rapidly display high susceptibility to C. albicans, while C. parapsilosis infection exacerbates over a prolonged period in these animals. Thus, our results establish that Syk and CARD9 contribute to systemic resistance to C. parapsilosis and C. albicans differently. Additionally, we confirm prior studies but also detail new insights into the fundamental roles of both proteins in immunity against C. albicans. Our data further suggest that Syk has a more prominent influence on anti-Candida immunity than CARD9. Therefore, this study reinforces the Syk/CARD9 pathway as a potential target for anti-Candida immune therapy. IMPORTANCE While C. albicans remains the most clinically significant Candida species, C. parapsilosis is an emerging pathogen with increased affinity to neonates. Syk/CARD9 signaling is crucial in immunity to C. albicans, but its role in in vivo responses to other pathogenic Candida species is largely unexplored. We used mice with hematopoietic systems deficient in Syk or CARD9 to comparatively study the function of these proteins in anti-Candida immunity. We demonstrate that Syk/CARD9 signaling has a protective role against C. parapsilosis differently than against C. albicans. Thus, this study is the first to reveal that Syk can exert immune responses during systemic Candida infections species specifically. Additionally, Syk-dependent immunity to a nonalbicans Candida species in an in vivo murine model has not been reported previously. We highlight that the contribution of Syk and CARD9 to fungal infections are not identical and underline this pathway as a promising immune-therapeutic target to fight Candida infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Zajta
- HCEMM-USZ Fungal Pathogens Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katalin Csonka
- HCEMM-USZ Fungal Pathogens Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Adél Tóth
- HCEMM-USZ Fungal Pathogens Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Tamás Németh
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anita Orosz
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Novák
- HCEMM-USZ Fungal Pathogens Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Máté Csikós
- HCEMM-USZ Fungal Pathogens Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- HCEMM-USZ Fungal Pathogens Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila Mócsai
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Gácser
- HCEMM-USZ Fungal Pathogens Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE “Lendület” Mycobiome Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Csepregi JZ, Orosz A, Zajta E, Kása O, Németh T, Simon E, Fodor S, Csonka K, Barátki BL, Kövesdi D, He YW, Gácser A, Mócsai A. Myeloid-Specific Deletion of Mcl-1 Yields Severely Neutropenic Mice That Survive and Breed in Homozygous Form. J Immunol 2018; 201:3793-3803. [PMID: 30464050 PMCID: PMC6287103 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mouse strains with specific deficiency of given hematopoietic lineages provide invaluable tools for understanding blood cell function in health and disease. Whereas neutrophils are dominant leukocytes in humans and mice, there are no widely useful genetic models of neutrophil deficiency in mice. In this study, we show that myeloid-specific deletion of the Mcl-1 antiapoptotic protein in Lyz2Cre/CreMcl1flox/flox (Mcl1ΔMyelo) mice leads to dramatic reduction of circulating and tissue neutrophil counts without affecting circulating lymphocyte, monocyte, or eosinophil numbers. Surprisingly, Mcl1ΔMyelo mice appeared normally, and their survival was mostly normal both under specific pathogen-free and conventional housing conditions. Mcl1ΔMyelo mice were also able to breed in homozygous form, making them highly useful for in vivo experimental studies. The functional relevance of neutropenia was confirmed by the complete protection of Mcl1ΔMyelo mice from arthritis development in the K/B×N serum-transfer model and from skin inflammation in an autoantibody-induced mouse model of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita. Mcl1ΔMyelo mice were also highly susceptible to systemic Staphylococcus aureus or Candida albicans infection, due to defective clearance of the invading pathogens. Although neutrophil-specific deletion of Mcl-1 in MRP8-CreMcl1flox/flox (Mcl1ΔPMN) mice also led to severe neutropenia, those mice showed an overt wasting phenotype and strongly reduced survival and breeding, limiting their use as an experimental model of neutrophil deficiency. Taken together, our results with the Mcl1ΔMyelo mice indicate that severe neutropenia does not abrogate the viability and fertility of mice, and they provide a useful genetic mouse model for the analysis of the role of neutrophils in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janka Zsófia Csepregi
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, 1094 Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE "Lendület" Inflammation Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anita Orosz
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, 1094 Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE "Lendület" Inflammation Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erik Zajta
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Kása
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, 1094 Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE "Lendület" Inflammation Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Németh
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, 1094 Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE "Lendület" Inflammation Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edina Simon
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, 1094 Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE "Lendület" Inflammation Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szabina Fodor
- Department of Computer Science, Corvinus University of Budapest, 1093 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Csonka
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Balázs L Barátki
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Kövesdi
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.,Office of Supported Research Groups of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1051 Budapest, Hungary; and
| | - You-Wen He
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Attila Gácser
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila Mócsai
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; .,MTA-SE "Lendület" Inflammation Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
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Csonka K, Vadovics M, Marton A, Vágvölgyi C, Zajta E, Tóth A, Tóth R, Vizler C, Tiszlavicz L, Mora-Montes HM, Gácser A. Investigation of OCH1 in the Virulence of Candida parapsilosis Using a New Neonatal Mouse Model. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1197. [PMID: 28713338 PMCID: PMC5491538 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida parapsilosis is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen that poses a serious threat to low birth weight neonates, particularly at intensive care units. In premature infants, the distinct immune responses to Candida infections are not well understood. Although several in vivo models exist to study systemic candidiasis, only a few are available to investigate dissemination in newborns. In addition, the majority of related studies apply intraperitoneal infection rather than intravenous inoculation of murine infants that may be less efficient when studying systemic invasion. In this study, we describe a novel and conveniently applicable intravenous neonatal mouse model to monitor systemic C. parapsilosis infection. Using the currently developed model, we aimed to analyze the pathogenic properties of different C. parapsilosis strains. We infected 2 days-old BALB/c mouse pups via the external facial vein with different doses of C. parapsilosis strains. Homogenous dissemination of yeast cells was found in the spleen, kidney, liver and brain of infected newborn mice. Colonization of harvested organs was also confirmed by histological examinations. Fungal burdens in newborn mice showed a difference for two isolates of C. parapsilosis. C. parapsilosis CLIB infection resulted in higher colonization of the spleen, kidney and liver of neonatal mice compared to the C. parapsilosis GA1 strain at day 2 after the infection. In a comprehensive study with the adult mice infection, we also presented the attenuated virulence of a C. parapsilosis cell wall mutant (OCH1) in this model. Significantly less och1Δ/Δ null mutant cells were recovered from the spleen, kidney and liver of newborn mice compared to the wild type strain. When investigating the cytokine response of neonatal mice to C. parapsilosis infection, we found elevated TNFα, KC, and IL-1β expression levels in all organs examined when compared to the uninfected control. Furthermore, all three measured cytokines showed a significantly elevated expression when newborn mice were infected with och1Δ/Δ cells compared to the wild type strain. This result further supported the inclusion of OCH1 in C. parapsilosis pathogenicity. To our current knowledge, this is the first study that uses a mice neonatal intravenous infection model to investigate C. parapsilosis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Csonka
- Department of Microbiology, University of SzegedSzeged, Hungary
| | - Máté Vadovics
- Department of Microbiology, University of SzegedSzeged, Hungary
| | | | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Department of Microbiology, University of SzegedSzeged, Hungary
| | - Erik Zajta
- Department of Microbiology, University of SzegedSzeged, Hungary
| | - Adél Tóth
- Department of Microbiology, University of SzegedSzeged, Hungary
| | - Renáta Tóth
- Department of Microbiology, University of SzegedSzeged, Hungary
| | | | - László Tiszlavicz
- Faculty of General Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of SzegedSzeged, Hungary
| | | | - Attila Gácser
- Department of Microbiology, University of SzegedSzeged, Hungary
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Tóth A, Zajta E, Csonka K, Vágvölgyi C, Netea MG, Gácser A. Specific pathways mediating inflammasome activation by Candida parapsilosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43129. [PMID: 28225025 PMCID: PMC5320503 DOI: 10.1038/srep43129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis are human pathogens causing severe infections. The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a crucial role in host defence against C. albicans, but it has been previously unknown whether C. parapsilosis activates this complex. Here we show that C. parapsilosis induces caspase-1 activation and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) secretion in THP-1, as well as primary, human macrophages. IL-1β secretion was dependent on NLRP3, K+-efflux, TLR4, IRAK, Syk, caspase-1, caspase-8 and NADPH-oxidase. Importantly, while C. albicans induced robust IL-1β release after 4 h, C. parapsilosis was not able to stimulate the production of IL-1β after this short incubation period. We also found that C. parapsilosis was phagocytosed to a lesser extent, and induced significantly lower ROS production and lysosomal cathepsin B release compared to C. albicans, suggesting that the low extent of inflammasome activation by C. parapsilosis may result from a delay in the so-called "signal 2". In conclusion, this is the first study to examine the molecular pathways responsible for the IL-1β production in response to a non-albicans Candida species, and these results enhance our understanding about the immune response against C. parapsilosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adél Tóth
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Erik Zajta
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katalin Csonka
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Attila Gácser
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Knapp D, Kovács G, Zajta E, Groenewald J, Crous P. Dark septate endophytic pleosporalean genera from semiarid areas. Persoonia 2015; 35:87-100. [PMID: 26823630 PMCID: PMC4713113 DOI: 10.3767/003158515x687669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dark septate endophytes (DSE) are distributed worldwide as root-colonising fungi, and frequent in environments with strong abiotic stress. DSE is not a taxon, but constitutes numerous fungal taxa belonging to several orders of Ascomycota. In this study we investigate three unidentified DSE lineages belonging to Pleosporales that were found previously in semiarid sandy grasslands. For molecular phylogenetic studies seven loci (ITS, partial 18S nrRNA, 28S nrRNA, actin, calmodulin, transcription-elongation factor 1- α and ß -tubulin genes) were amplified and sequenced. Based on morphology and the resulting molecular phylogeny these isolates were found to represent three novel genera within the Pleosporales, namely Aquilomyces, Flavomyces and Darksidea, with eight novel species. Molecular data revealed that monotypic Aquilomyces belongs to Morosphaeriaceae, monotypic Flavomyces represents an incertae sedis lineage related to Massarinaceae, and Darksidea, with six new species, is allied to the Lentitheciaceae. During this study we tested numerous conditions to induce sporulation, and managed for the first time to induce several DSE to form their sexual morphs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D.G. Knapp
- Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Anatomy, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - G.M. Kovács
- Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Anatomy, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - E. Zajta
- Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Anatomy, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - J.Z. Groenewald
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - P.W. Crous
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
- Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Zajta E. [Continuity of two discontinued "homeopathic" journals]. Orv Hetil 1994; 135:2453. [PMID: 7970666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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