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Batyrbekov E, Vityuk V, Vurim A, Vityuk G. Experimental opportunities and main results of the impulse graphite reactor use for research in safety area. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2022.109582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Skakov M, Miniyazov A, Batyrbekov E, Baklanov V, Koyanbayev Y, Gradoboev A, Kozhakhmetov Y, Sokolov I, Tulenbergenov T, Zhanbolatova G. Influence of the Carbidized Tungsten Surface on the Processes of Interaction with Helium Plasma. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:7821. [PMID: 36363413 PMCID: PMC9654725 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the results of experimental studies of the interaction of helium plasma with a near-surface tungsten carbide layer. The experiments were implemented at the plasma-beam installation. The helium plasma loading conditions were close to those expected in the ITER divertor. The technology of the plasma irradiation was applied in a stationary type linear accelerator. The impact of the helium plasma was realized in the course of the experiment with the temperatures of ~905 °C and ~1750 °C, which were calculated by simulating heat loading on a tungsten monoblock of the ITER divertor under the plasma irradiation at the load of 10 MW/m2 and 20 MW/m2, respectively. The structure was investigated with scanning microscopy, transmitting electron microscopy and X-ray analysis. The data were obtained showing that the surface morphology changed due to the erosion. It was found that the carbidization extremely impacted the plasma-tungsten interaction, as the plasma-tungsten interaction with the carbide layer led to the carbon sputtering and partial diffusion towards to the depth of the sample. According to these results, WC-based tungsten carbide is less protected against fracture by helium than W and W2C. An increase in temperature leads to much more extensive surface damage accompanied by the formation of molten and recrystallized flanges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazhyn Skakov
- National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
| | - Arman Miniyazov
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Shakarim University, Semey 070000, Kazakhstan
| | - Erlan Batyrbekov
- National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
| | - Viktor Baklanov
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
| | - Yerbolat Koyanbayev
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
| | - Aleksandr Gradoboev
- Department of Experimental Physics, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Yernat Kozhakhmetov
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
| | - Igor Sokolov
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Shakarim University, Semey 070000, Kazakhstan
| | - Timur Tulenbergenov
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Shakarim University, Semey 070000, Kazakhstan
| | - Gainiya Zhanbolatova
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
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Skakov M, Batyrbekov E, Sokolov I, Miniyazov A, Tulenbergenov T, Sapataev Y, Orazgaliyev N, Bukina O, Zhanbolatova G, Kozhakhmetov Y. Influence of Hydrogen Plasma on the Surface Structure of Beryllium. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:6340. [PMID: 36143649 PMCID: PMC9503244 DOI: 10.3390/ma15186340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the research results of hydrogen plasma effect on the surface structure of the TGP-56 beryllium. In the linear simulator, the operating conditions of the first wall of ITER are simulated. Beryllium was irradiated with hydrogen plasma at surface temperatures of ~360 °C, ~800 °C, and ~1200 °C, depending on its location in the ITER chamber; with a different number of pulses with a duration of each pulse of 500 s. Samples of irradiated beryllium were subjected to a set of material studies. Experimental data were obtained on the change in the structure of the surface and edges of the beryllium samples after the plasma effect. It was found that at normal (2 MW/m2) and increased (4.7 MW/m2) heat fluxes on the first wall of the ITER, the edges and beryllium surface have good resistance to erosion. Under critical conditions close to the melting point, beryllium strongly erodes and evaporates. It has been established that this material has a high resource resistance to hydrogen plasma effect in the ITER under operating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazhyn Skakov
- National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
| | - Erlan Batyrbekov
- National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
| | - Igor Sokolov
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
- The Department of Applied Physics and Heat Power Engineering, Shakarim University, Semey 071412, Kazakhstan
| | - Arman Miniyazov
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
- The Department of Applied Physics and Heat Power Engineering, Shakarim University, Semey 071412, Kazakhstan
| | - Timur Tulenbergenov
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
- The Department of Applied Physics and Heat Power Engineering, Shakarim University, Semey 071412, Kazakhstan
| | - Yerzhan Sapataev
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
| | - Nurkhat Orazgaliyev
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
| | - Olga Bukina
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
| | - Gainiya Zhanbolatova
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
| | - Yernat Kozhakhmetov
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
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Samarkhanov K, Khasenov M, Batyrbekov E, Gordienko Y, Baklanova Y, Kenzhina I, Tulubayev Y, Karambayeva I. Optical Radiation from the Sputtered Species under Excitation of Ternary Mixtures of Noble Gases by the 6Li(n,α)3H Nuclear Reaction Products. Eurasian Chem Tech J 2021. [DOI: 10.18321/ectj1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The present paper examines the luminescence of ternary Ar-Kr-Xe and Ne-Ar-Kr mixtures of noble gases in the spectral range from 300 to 970 nm, excited by the 6Li(n,α)3H nuclear reaction products in the core of a nuclear reactor. A thin layer of lithium applied on the walls of the experimental device, stabilized in the matrix of the capillary-porous structure, serves as a source of gas excitation. During in-pile tests, conducted at the IVG.1M research reactor, thermal neutrons interact via the 6Li(n,α)3H reaction, and the emergent alpha particles with a kinetic energy of 2.05 MeV and tritium ions with a kinetic energy of 2.73 MeV excite gaseous medium. The study was carried out in a wide temperature range. The temperature dependence of the intensity of the emission of the atoms of noble gases and alkali metals, heteronuclear ionic molecules of noble gases were studied. The obtained values of the activation energy of the emission process 1.58 eV for lithium and 0.72 eV for potassium agree well with the known values of evaporation energy. Excitation of alkali metals atoms occurs consequently of the Penning process of alkali metals atoms on noble gas atoms in the 1s-states and further ion-molecular reactions.
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Ponkratov Y, Batyrbekov E, Khasenov M, Samarkhanov K, Chikhray Y. Application of High-Energy Tritium Ions and Alpha Particles Formed in 6Li( n,α)T Nuclear Reaction to Excite the Luminescence of Inert Gas Mixtures. Fusion Science and Technology 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2021.1887714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ponkratov
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov, Kazakhstan
| | - E. Batyrbekov
- National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov, Kazakhstan
| | - M. Khasenov
- School of Science and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - K. Samarkhanov
- Institute of Atomic Energy Branch of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov, Kazakhstan
| | - Ye Chikhray
- Science Research Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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Samarkhanov K, Batyrbekov E, Khasenov M, Gordienko Y, Zaurbekova Z, Bochkov V. Study of Luminescence in Noble Gases and Binary Kr-Xe Mixture Excited by the Products of 6Li(n,α)T Nuclear Reaction. Eurasian Chem Tech J 2019. [DOI: 10.18321/ectj821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
At the present time the direct nuclear energy conversion into optical radiation is realized in gas media in which filling of energy levels takes place in the low-temperature plasma (nuclear-excited plasma) induced by ionizing radiation. The research of optical radiation of the nuclear-excited plasma induced by products of nuclear reactions is interest for development of an alternative outlet method of energy from the nuclear reactor, creation of control and regulating bodies for parameters of nuclear reactors as well as creation of one of diagnostics of high-temperature plasma in fusion reactors. The purpose of this work was to obtain new experimental data about processes of nuclear energy conversion into optical radiation with the optimal gas media having high coefficient of nuclear energy conversion into optical radiation and also with a possibility of outlet method of energy from the nuclear reactor core. In this article, description of the reactor experimental bench (LIANA) and the experiment scheme, the irradiating ampoule device (AD) with surface source of charged particles is provided, and the procedure of reactor experiment is presented. This paper presents the results of the reactor experiments of studying the spectral-luminescent characteristics of unary noble gases (Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe) and binary Kr-Xe gas mixture in a 200–975 nm spectral range with ionization gaseous media by products of 6Li(n,α)T nuclear reaction under irradiation at research water-cooled heterogeneous reactor (the IVG.1M).
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