1
|
Nyaku ST, Karapareddy S, Cebert E, Lawrence K, Eleblu JSY, Sharma GC, Sripathi VR. Two Intra-Individual ITS1 rDNA Sequence Variants Identified in the Female and Male Rotylenchulus reniformis Populations of Alabama. Plants (Basel) 2023; 13:5. [PMID: 38202313 PMCID: PMC10780758 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Around 300 different plant species are infected by the plant-parasitic reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis), including cotton. This is a devasting nematode with a preference for cotton; it is commonly found in Alabama farms and causes severe reduction in yields. Its first internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) region can be sequenced, and potential mutations can be found in order to study the population dynamics of the reniform nematode. The goal of our study was to sequence the ITS1 rDNA region in male and female RNs that were collected from BelleMina, Hamilton, and Lamons locations in Alabama. After separating the single male and female RNs from the samples collected from the three selected listed sites above, the ITS1 region was amplified selectively using specific primers, and the resulting products were cloned and sequenced. Two distinct bands were observed after DNA amplification of male and female nematodes at 550 bp and 730 bp, respectively. The analysis of sequenced fragments among the three populations showed variation in average nucleotide frequencies of female and male RNs. Singletons within the female and male Hamilton populations ranged from 7.8% to 10%, and the variable sites ranged from 13.4% to 26%. However, female and male BelleMina populations had singletons ranging from 7.1% to 19.7% and variable regions in the range of 13.9% to 49.3%. The female and male Lamons populations had singletons ranging from 2.5% to 8.7% and variable regions in the range of 2.9% to 14.2%. Phylogenetic (neighbor-joining) analysis for the two ITS1 fragments (ITS-550 and ITS-730) showed relatively high intra-nematode variability. Different clone sequences from an individual nematode often had greater similarity with other nematodes than with their own sequences. RNA fold analysis of the ITS1 sequences revealed varied stem and loop structures, suggesting both conserved and variable regions in the variants identified from female and male RNs, thus underscoring the presence of significant intra- and inter-nematodal variation among RN populations in Alabama.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seloame T. Nyaku
- Department of Crop Science, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 44, Ghana;
| | - Sowndarya Karapareddy
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Alabama A&M University, Huntsville, AL 35811, USA (G.C.S.)
| | - Ernst Cebert
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Alabama A&M University, Huntsville, AL 35811, USA (G.C.S.)
| | - Kathy Lawrence
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA;
| | - John S. Y. Eleblu
- West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra P.O. Box LG 30, Ghana
| | - Govind C. Sharma
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Alabama A&M University, Huntsville, AL 35811, USA (G.C.S.)
| | - Venkateswara R. Sripathi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Alabama A&M University, Huntsville, AL 35811, USA (G.C.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Omontese BO, Ogunkunle N, Samuel F, Zakari F, Allen D, Jones K, Simpson M, Gilles-Brown Y, Kuang X, Cebert E. PSXIII-B-9 Effects of Hemp (Cannabis Sativa) Supplementation on Behavior, Heart Rate, Hemogram and Serum Biochemistry Profiles of Beef cow-Calf Pairs During Weaning. J Anim Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac247.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Weaning is a stressful event that affects animal welfare and performance. This study examined the effects of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa) supplementation on behavior, chute score and physiological responses of cow-calf pairs during weaning. Ten apparently healthy Angus cow-calf pairs, average BCS of 6.0, were randomly allocated to one of two groups for 7 days: Control (CON, 200g/head of commercial grower feed, n=10) and Hemp (HMP, 200g/head containing 80% commercial grower feed containing 20% hemp, n=10), daily. Hay and water were provided ad libitum. Chute and exit scores were recorded and blood samples were collected at d 0, 4 and 7 of the feeding period. Animal activity data was recorded using automated activity monitoring systems Moomonitor and IceQubes for cows and calves, respectively. At weaning, cow-calf pairs were separated abruptly and observed. Data was analyzed using Stata 14.2. Overall, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, rumination duration, rumen fluid pH and activity did not differ (P > 0.05) between treatments. Specifically, hemogram and serum biochemistry results did not differ (P > 0.05) between cow groups. However, resting duration tended to be greater in HEMP compared with CON (383.94±19.3 vs 298.60±16.1 mins/day, P = 0.06) cows. In addition, feeding duration was greater in HEMP compared with CON (473.8±24.5 vs 262.3±31.6 min/day) cows. In calves, heart rate was lower in HEMP compared with CON (62.67 vs 94.7 beats/min, P = 0.03). Hemoglobin concentration was smaller in HEMP compared with CON (12.6 vs 14.1mg/mL, P = 0.02). However, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration was greater in HEMP compared with CON (33.04 vs 32.04g/dl, P = 0.04). We concluded that hemp supplementation increased resting and feeding duration of cows, and reduced heart rate of calves during weaning. This is the first report on the use of hemp to improve welfare of cow-calf pairs during weaning.
Collapse
|
3
|
Oglesby L, Ananga A, Obuya J, Ochieng J, Cebert E, Tsolova V. Anthocyanin Accumulation in Muscadine Berry Skins Is Influenced by the Expression of the MYB Transcription Factors, MybA1, and MYBCS1. Antioxidants (Basel) 2016; 5:E35. [PMID: 27754335 PMCID: PMC5187533 DOI: 10.3390/antiox5040035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin color of grape berry is very important in the wine industry. The red color results from the synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins, which is regulated by transcription factors belonging to the MYB family. The transcription factors that activate the anthocyanin biosynthetic genes have been isolated in model plants. However, the genetic basis of color variation is species-specific and its understanding is relevant in many crop species. This study reports the isolation of MybA1, and MYBCS-1 genes from muscadine grapes for the first time. They are designated as VrMybA1 (GenBank Accession No. KJ513437), and VrMYBCS1 (VrMYB5a) (GenBank Accession No. KJ513438). The findings in this study indicate that, the deduced VrMybA1 and VrMYBCS1 protein structures share extensive sequence similarity with previously characterized plant MYBs, while phylogenetic analysis confirms that they are members of the plant MYB super-family. The expressions of MybA1, and MYBCS1 (VrMYB5a) gene sequences were investigated by quantitative real-time PCR using in vitro cell cultures, and berry skin samples at different developmental stages. Results showed that MybA1, and MYBCS1 genes were up-regulated in the veràison and physiologically mature red berry skins during fruit development, as well as in in vitro red cell cultures. This study also found that in ripening berries, the transcription of VrMybA1, and VrMYBCS1 in the berry skin was positively correlated with anthocyanin accumulation. Therefore, the upregulation of VrMybA1, and VrMYBCS1 results in the accumulation and regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in berry development of muscadine grapes. This work greatly enhances the understanding of anthocyanin biosynthesis in muscadine grapes and will facilitate future genetic modification of the antioxidants in V. rotundifolia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Oglesby
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Florida A & M University, 6505 Mahan Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32317, USA.
| | - Anthony Ananga
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Florida A & M University, 6505 Mahan Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32317, USA.
- Food Science Program, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA.
| | - James Obuya
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Florida A & M University, 6505 Mahan Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32317, USA.
| | - Joel Ochieng
- Faculties of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi 00625, Kenya.
| | - Ernst Cebert
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Alabama A & M University, 4900 Meridian Street, Normal, AL 35762, USA.
| | - Violeta Tsolova
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Florida A & M University, 6505 Mahan Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32317, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nyaku ST, Kantety RV, Cebert E, Lawrence KS, Honger JO, Sharma GC. Principal Component Analysis and Molecular Characterization of Reniform Nematode Populations in Alabama. Plant Pathol J 2016; 32:123-35. [PMID: 27147932 PMCID: PMC4853102 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.09.2015.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
U.S. cotton production is suffering from the yield loss caused by the reniform nematode (RN), Rotylenchulus reniformis. Management of this devastating pest is of utmost importance because, no upland cotton cultivar exhibits adequate resistance to RN. Nine populations of RN from distinct regions in Alabama and one population from Mississippi were studied and thirteen morphometric features were measured on 20 male and 20 female nematodes from each population. Highly correlated variables (positive) in female and male RN morphometric parameters were observed for body length (L) and distance of vulva from the lip region (V) (r = 0.7) and tail length (TL) and c' (r = 0.8), respectively. The first and second principal components for the female and male populations showed distinct clustering into three groups. These results show pattern of sub-groups within the RN populations in Alabama. A one-way ANOVA on female and male RN populations showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) among the variables. Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) of 18S rRNA sequences (421) showed lengths of 653 bp. Sites within the aligned sequences were conserved (53%), parsimony-informative (17%), singletons (28%), and indels (2%), respectively. Neighbor-Joining analysis showed intra and inter-nematodal variations within the populations as clone sequences from different nematodes irrespective of the sex of nematode isolate clustered together. Morphologically, the three groups (I, II and III) could not be distinctly associated with the molecular data from the 18S rRNA sequences. The three groups may be identified as being non-geographically contiguous.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seloame T. Nyaku
- Department of Crop Science, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 44, Legon-Accra
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Alabama A & M University, Normal-AL, 35762
| | - Ramesh V. Kantety
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Alabama A & M University, Normal-AL, 35762
| | - Ernst Cebert
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Alabama A & M University, Normal-AL, 35762
| | - Kathy S. Lawrence
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
| | - Joseph O. Honger
- Soil and Irrigation Research Centre, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 44, Legon-Accra
| | - Govind C. Sharma
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Alabama A & M University, Normal-AL, 35762
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Miller-Cebert RL, Boateng J, Cebert E, Shackelford L, Verghese M. Chemopreventive Potential of Canola Leafy Greens and Other Cruciferous Vegetables on Azoxymethane (AOM)-Induced Colon Cancer in Fisher-344 Male Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2016.711095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
6
|
|
7
|
Miller-Cebert RL, Sistani NA, Cebert E. Comparative mineral composition among canola cultivars and other cruciferous leafy greens. J Food Compost Anal 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2008.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
8
|
Collins JC, Adamek D, Boles R, Cape L, Caylor MJ, Cebert E, Flinn J, Garrison D, Gray K, Lamb N, Lee H, McKeel J, Reeves D, Reutter J, Shelton G, Williams K. VIA: Cellular and Economic Transformation. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.2_supplement.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jerry C Collins
- Valley Innovation AllianceHuntsvilleAL
- Protean Venture LLCNashvilleTN
| | - D Adamek
- Valley Innovation AllianceHuntsvilleAL
| | - R Boles
- Valley Innovation AllianceHuntsvilleAL
| | - L Cape
- Valley Innovation AllianceHuntsvilleAL
| | - MJ Caylor
- Valley Innovation AllianceHuntsvilleAL
| | - E Cebert
- Valley Innovation AllianceHuntsvilleAL
| | - J Flinn
- Valley Innovation AllianceHuntsvilleAL
| | | | - K Gray
- Valley Innovation AllianceHuntsvilleAL
| | - N Lamb
- Valley Innovation AllianceHuntsvilleAL
| | - H Lee
- Valley Innovation AllianceHuntsvilleAL
| | - J McKeel
- Valley Innovation AllianceHuntsvilleAL
| | - D Reeves
- Valley Innovation AllianceHuntsvilleAL
| | - J Reutter
- Valley Innovation AllianceHuntsvilleAL
| | - G Shelton
- Valley Innovation AllianceHuntsvilleAL
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lema M, Felix A, Salako S, Cebert E, Bishnoi U. Nutrient Content andin vitroDry Matter Digestibility of Silages made from Various Grain Sorghum Cultivars. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2001. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2001.9706717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
10
|
|