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Kaluzynski P, Kepska K, Maciuch M, Maciak E, Stolarczyk A, Procek M, Jarosz T. Effect of Ultraviolet Activation on Sub-ppm NO 2 Sensing Dynamics of Poly(3-hexylthiophene)-Bearing Graft Copolymers. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:9824. [PMID: 36560194 PMCID: PMC9783011 DOI: 10.3390/s22249824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) sensors utilising graft copolymers bearing poly(3-hexylthiophene) chains have been developed and investigated in terms of their operation parameters using different carrier gases (N2 or air) and in either dark conditions or with ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Interestingly, sensor performance improved upon transition from N2 to air, with the inverse being true for most NO2 sensors. UV irradiation both improved sensor dynamics and stabilised the sensor electrical baseline, allowing sensors based on SilPEG to fulfil the requirements of sensing solutions used in industry (below 10% baseline drift after sensors reach saturation) and making them promising candidates for further development and applications. Based on conducted multi-variate experiments, an initial mechanism underlying the interplay of exposure to oxygen (present in air) and UV irradiation was postulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kaluzynski
- Department of Optoelectronics, Silesian University of Technology, 2 Krzywoustego Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Kinga Kepska
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Monika Maciuch
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Erwin Maciak
- Department of Optoelectronics, Silesian University of Technology, 2 Krzywoustego Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Stolarczyk
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Marcin Procek
- Department of Optoelectronics, Silesian University of Technology, 2 Krzywoustego Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Jarosz
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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Paleczek A, Szafraniak B, Fuśnik Ł, Brudnik A, Grochala D, Kluska S, Jurzecka-Szymacha M, Maciak E, Kałużyński P, Rydosz A. The Heterostructures of CuO and SnO x for NO 2 Detection. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:s21134387. [PMID: 34206823 PMCID: PMC8272026 DOI: 10.3390/s21134387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Controlling environmental pollution is a burning problem for all countries more than ever. Currently, due to the increasing industrialization, the number of days when the limits of air pollutants are over the threshold levels exceeds 80-85% of the year. Therefore, cheap and effective sensors are always welcome. One idea is to combine such solutions with cars and provide real-time information about the current pollution level. However, the environmental conditions are demanding, and thus the developed sensors need to be characterized by the high 3S parameters: sensitivity, stability and selectivity. In this paper, we present the results on the heterostructure of CuO/SnOx and SnOx/CuO as a possible approach for selective NO2 detection. The developed gas sensors exhibited lower operating temperature and high response in the wide range of NO2 and in a wide range of relative humidity changes. Material characterizations and impedance spectroscopy measurements were also conducted to analyze the chemical and electrical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Paleczek
- Faculty of Computer Science, Electronics and Telecommunications, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (A.P.); (B.S.); (A.B.); (D.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Bartłomiej Szafraniak
- Faculty of Computer Science, Electronics and Telecommunications, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (A.P.); (B.S.); (A.B.); (D.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Łukasz Fuśnik
- Faculty of Computer Science, Electronics and Telecommunications, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (A.P.); (B.S.); (A.B.); (D.G.); (A.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-126-172-900
| | - Andrzej Brudnik
- Faculty of Computer Science, Electronics and Telecommunications, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (A.P.); (B.S.); (A.B.); (D.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Dominik Grochala
- Faculty of Computer Science, Electronics and Telecommunications, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (A.P.); (B.S.); (A.B.); (D.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Stanisława Kluska
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland; (S.K.); (M.J.-S.)
| | - Maria Jurzecka-Szymacha
- Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland; (S.K.); (M.J.-S.)
| | - Erwin Maciak
- Department of Optoelectronics, Silesian University of Technology, 2 Krzywoustego Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (E.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Piotr Kałużyński
- Department of Optoelectronics, Silesian University of Technology, 2 Krzywoustego Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (E.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Artur Rydosz
- Faculty of Computer Science, Electronics and Telecommunications, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (A.P.); (B.S.); (A.B.); (D.G.); (A.R.)
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Maciak E, Pustelny T, Opilski Z. The Optoelectronic Ammonia Gas Sensor System based on Pd/CuPc Interferometric Nanostructures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.09.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sieron A, Gibinski P, Pustelny T, Kwiatek S, Opilski Z, Kawczyk-Krupka A, Woznica T, Maciak E, Kubica W, Urbanczyk M, Latos W. Optical biopsy using spectral camera in BCC and oral leukoplakia. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2008; 5:271-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2008.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2008] [Revised: 09/19/2008] [Accepted: 10/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Maciak E, Opilski Z, Pustelny T, Bednorz M. An optical detection NH3gas by means of a-WO3thin films based on SPR technique*. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1051/jp4:2005129028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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