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Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Ngolong Ngea GL, Godana EA, Yang Q, Zhang H. Biodegradation of patulin in fresh pear juice by an aldo-keto reductase from Meyerozyma guilliermondii. Food Chem 2024; 436:137696. [PMID: 37862990 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Bio-enzymes have shown broad application prospects in controlling mycotoxins due to their strong specificity, fast reaction rate and mild reaction conditions. However, the number of enzymes isolated, purified and characterized to degrade patulin (PAT) is limited. We expressed an aldo-keto reductase (MgAKR) from Meyerozyma guilliermondii in Escherichia coli. The results demonstrated that the purified MgAKR could convert PAT into ascladiol in vitro with NADPH serving as a coenzyme. Adding 300 μg/mL MgAKR resulted in an 88 % reduction of PAT in fresh pear juice without affecting its quality in the biodegradation process. The site-directed mutagenesis suggested that the interaction between MgAKR and PAT occurred through the active sites of Lys242 and Leu240. This study serves as a valuable theoretical reference for the development of enzymes aimed at detoxifying PAT in fruit and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianhua Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Esa Abiso Godana
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiya Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hongyin Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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2
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Godana EA, Guo S, Yang Q, Zhang X, Zhao L, Wang K, Ackah M, Zhang H. A transcriptome profile of Wickerhamomyces anomalus incubated with chitosan revealed dynamic changes in gene expression and metabolic pathways. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128850. [PMID: 38114004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that Wickerhamomyces anomalus can control postharvest diseases of fruits and incubation of the yeast with chitosan can improve its efficiency. In this study, transcriptome study was conducted to determine molecular mechanisms involved in the yeast-chitosan interaction. The bioinformatics analysis of the RNA-seq data confirmed that incubating W. anomalus with 1 % chitosan for 24 h significantly altered the expression of differential genes involved in yeast metabolic and cellular activities. Genes involved in ethyl acetate production, reactive oxygen species regulation, cell wall reinforcement, stress resistance, and signalling were all significantly up-regulated. Pathways which have significant role in the yeast growth and reproduction, energy production, cellular homeostasis, signal transduction, catalytic, and antioxidant activities were significantly enriched. In general, incubation of the yeast with chitosan genes metabolic pathways which are important for the yeast survival, adaptation, and reproduction. Molecular studies are important in providing fundamental theoretical foundation for the practical application of antagonistic yeasts for future uses. As a result, this research will be an input for use of the antagonistic yeast as microbial or biochemical pesticides instead of synthetic chemicals which have both health and environmental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esa Abiso Godana
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shuaiying Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qiya Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Kaili Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Michael Ackah
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hongyin Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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3
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Xu M, Godana EA, Li J, Deng Y, Ma Y, Ya H, Zhang H. Infection of postharvest pear by Penicillium expansum is facilitated by the glycoside hydrolase (eglB) gene. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 410:110465. [PMID: 37980812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The primary reason for postharvest loss is blue mold disease which is mainly caused by Penicillium expansum. Strategies for disease control greatly depend on the understanding of mechanisms of pathogen-fruit interaction. A member of the glycoside hydrolase family, β-glucosidase 1b (eglB), in P. expansum was significantly upregulated during postharvest pear infection. Glycoside hydrolases are a large group of enzymes that can degrade plant cell wall polymers. High homology was found between the glycoside hydrolase superfamily in P. expansum. Functional characterization and analysis of eglB were performed via gene knockout and complementation analysis. Although eglB deletion had no notable effect on P. expansum colony shape or microscopic morphology, it did reduce the production of fungal hyphae, thereby reducing P. expansum's sporulation and patulin (PAT) accumulation. Moreover, the deletion of eglB (ΔeglB) reduced P. expansum pathogenicity in pears. The growth, conidia production, PAT accumulation, and pathogenicity abilities of ΔeglB were restored to that of wild-type P. expansum by complementation of eglB (ΔeglB-C). These findings indicate that eglB contributes to P. expansum's development and pathogenicity. This research is a contribution to the identification of key effectors of fungal pathogenicity for use as targets in fruit safety strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqiu Xu
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Esa Abiso Godana
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Li
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Deng
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufei Ma
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyuan Ya
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongyin Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Godana EA, Zhang X, Yang Q, Hu W, Zhao L, Wang K, Zhang H. Yarrowia lipolytica increased the activities of disease defense related enzymes and anti-fungal compounds in asparagus (Asparagus officinalis). Pestic Biochem Physiol 2024; 198:105748. [PMID: 38225091 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Fungal diseases pose significant threats to the production of asparagus, resulting in economic losses and decreased crop quality. The potential of the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica as a biocontrol agent against Fusarium proliferatum, a common pathogen of asparagus, was investigated in this study. The effects of Y. lipolytica treatment on decay incidence, disease index, and activities of major disease defense-related enzymes were investigated. In addition, we examined the levels of antifungal compounds such as total phenols, flavonoids, and lignin in asparagus plants exposed to Y. lipolytica. The results showed that Y. lipolytica treatment significantly reduced decay incidence and disease index caused by F. proliferatum when compared to the control group. Furthermore, Y. lipolytica-treated plants showed increased activity of disease defense-related enzymes, indicating that defense responses were activated. The activities of all evaluated enzymes were significantly higher in Y. lipolytica-treated asparagus, indicating an improved ability to combat fungal pathogens. Furthermore, Y. lipolytica treatment increased the content of antifungal compounds such as total phenols, flavonoids, and lignin, which are known to possess antimicrobial properties. These findings highlight the potential of Y. lipolytica as a biocontrol agent for fungal diseases in asparagus crops. The ability of Y. lipolytica to reduce disease incidence, boost disease defense-related enzymes, and increase antifungal compound content provides valuable insights into its efficacy as a natural and sustainable approach to disease management. However, further investigations are needed to optimize application methods and determine its efficacy under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esa Abiso Godana
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qiya Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Wanying Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Kaili Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hongyin Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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5
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Godana EA, Yang Q, Zhang X, Zhao L, Wang K, Dhanasekaran S, Mehari TG, Zhang H. Biotechnological and Biocontrol Approaches for Mitigating Postharvest Diseases Caused by Fungal Pathogens and Their Mycotoxins in Fruits: A Review. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:17584-17596. [PMID: 37938803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Postharvest diseases caused by fungal pathogens are significant contributors to the postharvest losses of fruits. Moreover, some fungal pathogens produce mycotoxins, which further compromise the safety and quality of fruits. In this review, the potential of biotechnological and biocontrol approaches for mitigating postharvest diseases and mycotoxins in fruits is explored. The review begins by discussing the impact of postharvest diseases on fruit quality and postharvest losses. Next, it provides an overview of major postharvest diseases caused by fungal pathogens. Subsequently, it delves into the role of biotechnological approaches in controlling these diseases. The review also explored the application of biocontrol agents, such as antagonistic yeasts, bacteria, and fungi, which can suppress pathogen growth. Furthermore, future trends and challenges in these two approaches are discussed in detail. Overall, this review can provide insights into promising biotechnological and biocontrol strategies for managing postharvest diseases and mycotoxins in fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esa Abiso Godana
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qiya Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Kaili Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Solairaj Dhanasekaran
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | | | - Hongyin Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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6
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Wang K, Huai S, Tan Z, Ngea GLN, Godana EA, Shi J, Yang Q, Zhang X, Zhao L, Zhang H. A First Expression, Purification and Characterization of Endo-β-1,3-Glucanase from Penicillium expansum. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:961. [PMID: 37888217 PMCID: PMC10608044 DOI: 10.3390/jof9100961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
β-1,3-glucanase plays an important role in the biodegradation, reconstruction, and development of β-1,3-glucan. An endo-β-1,3-glucanase which was encoded by PeBgl1 was expressed, purified and characterized from Penicillium expansum for the first time. The PeBgl1 gene was amplified and transformed into the competent cells of E. coli Rosetta strain with the help of the pET-30a cloning vector. The recombinant protein PeBgl1 was expressed successfully at the induction conditions of 0.8 mmol/L IPTG at 16 °C for 16 h and then was purified by nickel ion affinity chromatography. The optimum reaction temperature of PeBgl1 was 55 °C and it had maximal activity at pH 6.0 according to the enzymatic analysis. Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer (pH 6.0) and NaCl have inhibitory and enhancing effects on the enzyme activities, respectively. SDS, TritonX-100 and some metal ions (Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) have an inhibitory effect on the enzyme activity. The results showed that PeBgl1 protein has good enzyme activity at 50-60 °C and at pH 5.0-9.0, and it is not a metal dependent enzyme, which makes it robust for storage and transportation, ultimately holding great promise in green biotechnology and biorefining.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hongyin Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (K.W.); (S.H.); (Z.T.); (G.L.N.N.); (E.A.G.); (J.S.); (Q.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.Z.)
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7
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Wang Y, Yang Q, Godana EA, Zhang Y, Zhang H. Ultrastructural observation and transcriptome analysis provide insights into mechanisms of Penicillium expansum invading apple wounds. Food Chem 2023; 414:135633. [PMID: 36809724 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Penicillium expansum is a pathogen causing enormous postharvest losses of fruits, especially apples. In this study, we first investigated the morphological changes of P. expansum within apple wounds during infectious process by microscopic observation. We found that conidia swelled and secreted potential hydrophobin in 4 h, germinated in 8 h, and finally formed conidiophores in 36 h, a critical control time point to prevent the second contamination of spores. We then compared the transcript accumulation of P. expansum in apple tissues and liquid culture at 12 h. In total, 3168 and 1318 up-regulated and down-regulated genes were identified. Among them, genes regarding the biosynthesis of substances such as ergosterol, organic acid, cell wall degrading enzymes, and patulin were induced in expression. Pathways were activated, including autophagy, the mitogen-activated protein kinase, and pectin degradation. Our findings provide insights into the lifestyle and the mechanisms of P. expansum invading apple fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiya Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Esa Abiso Godana
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyin Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Tuly JA, Ma H, Zabed HM, Janet Q, Godana EA, Chen G, Ekumah JN. Potentiality assessment of microbial action on combined agri-food industrial wastes in amino acids catabolism. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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9
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Xu M, Wang K, Li J, Tan Z, Godana EA, Zhang H. Proteomic Analysis of Apple Response to Penicillium expansum Infection Based on Label-Free and Parallel Reaction Monitoring Techniques. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8121273. [PMID: 36547606 PMCID: PMC9780870 DOI: 10.3390/jof8121273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Blue mold, caused by Penicillium expansum, is the most destructive fungal disease of apples and causes great losses during the post-harvest storage of the fruit. Although some apple cultivars are resistant to P. expansum, there has been little information on the molecular mechanism of resistance. In this study, differential proteomic analysis was performed on apple samples infected and uninfected with P. expansum. Parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) technology was used to target and verify the expression of candidate proteins. The label-free technique identified 343 differentially expressed proteins, which were mainly associated with defense responses, metal ion binding, stress responses, and oxidative phosphorylation. The differential expression of enzymes related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis and scavenging, the activation of defense-related metabolic pathways, and the further production of pathogenesis-related proteins (PR proteins) during P. expansum infection in apples, and direct resistance to pathogen invasion were determined. This study reveals the mechanisms of apple response at the proteomic level with 9 h of P. expansum infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Kaili Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jun Li
- Analysis & Testing Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhuqing Tan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Esa Abiso Godana
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hongyin Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-511-88790211; Fax: +86-511-88780201
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10
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Wei M, Dhanasekaran S, Yang Q, Ngolong Ngea GL, Godana EA, Zhang H. Degradation and stress response mechanism of Cryptococcus podzolicus Y3 on ochratoxin A at the transcriptional level. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.113061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Lanhuang B, Yang Q, Godana EA, Zhang H. Efficacy of the Yeast Wickerhamomyces anomalus in Biocontrol of Gray Mold Decay of Tomatoes and Study of the Mechanisms Involved. Foods 2022; 11:foods11050720. [PMID: 35267353 PMCID: PMC8909804 DOI: 10.3390/foods11050720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Gray mold decay is a widespread postharvest disease in tomato that results from infection by the pathogen Botrytis cinerea, leading to huge economic losses. The objective of this study was to select the most effective antagonistic yeast to control tomato gray mold from six potential biocontrol agents and to investigate the possible control mechanism. The results showed that the yeast Wickerhamomyces anomalus was the most effective in inhibiting B. cinerea among the six strains both in vivo and in vitro on tomato, with a colony diameter of 11 mm, a decay diameter of 20 mm, and the lowest decay incidence (53%)—values significantly smaller and lower than the values recorded for the control group and the other yeasts. The efficacy of the control depended on the increase in yeast concentration, and the decay incidence and lesion diameter were reduced to 31%, 28% and 7 mm, 6 mm, respectively, when treated with 1 × 108 and 1 × 109 cells/mL W. anomalus. In addition, W. anomalus was able to rapidly colonize and stably multiply in tomato, occupying the space to control pathogen infection. W. anomalus was also able to motivate the defense mechanism of tomato with stimulation of defense-related enzymes PPO, POD, APX, and SOD and promotion of the content of total phenols and flavonoid compounds. All these results suggest that W. anomalus exhibited exceptional ability to control gray mold in tomato.
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12
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Wang K, Ngea GLN, Godana EA, Shi Y, Lanhuang B, Zhang X, Zhao L, Yang Q, Wang S, Zhang H. Recent advances in Penicillium expansum infection mechanisms and current methods in controlling P. expansum in postharvest apples. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2598-2611. [PMID: 34542350 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1978384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the most significant challenges associated with postharvest apple deterioration is the blue mold caused by Penicillium expansum, which leads to considerable economic losses to apple production industries. Apple fruits are susceptible to mold infection owing to their high nutrient and water content, and current physical control methods can delay but cannot completely inhibit P. expansum growth. Biological control methods present promising alternatives; however, they are not always cost effective and have application restrictions. P. expansum infection not only enhances disease pathogenicity, but also inhibits the expression of host-related defense genes. The implementation of new ways to investigate and control P. expansum are expected with the advent of omics technology. Advances in these techniques, together with molecular biology approaches such as targeted gene deletion and whole genome sequencing, will lead to a better understanding of the P. expansum infectious machinery. Here, we review the progress of research on the blue mold disease caused by P. expansum in apples, including physiological and molecular infection mechanisms, as well as various methods to control this common plant pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Guillaume Legrand Ngolong Ngea
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Département de Transformation et Contrôle de Qualité des Produits Halieutique, Institut des Sciences Halieutiques, Université de Douala à Yabassi, Douala-Bassa, Cameroun
| | - Esa Abiso Godana
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Boen Lanhuang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiya Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyun Wang
- Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hongyin Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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13
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Godana EA, Yang Q, Zhao L, Zhang X, Liu J, Zhang H. Pichia anomala Induced With Chitosan Triggers Defense Response of Table Grapes Against Post-harvest Blue Mold Disease. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:704519. [PMID: 34367105 PMCID: PMC8339591 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.704519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the mechanism by which Pichia anomala induced with chitosan (1% w/v) controls blue mold disease in table grapes caused by Penicillium expansum, this study evaluated alterations in three yeast enzymatic activities. The changes in the five primary disease defense-related enzymes and two non-enzyme activities of table grapes were assayed. The results of the study showed that chitosan (1% w/v) significantly increased the yeast β-1,3-glucanase, catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) activities. Furthermore, P. anomala alone or induced with chitosan (1% w/v) significantly increased the table grapes enzymatic activities of Polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine (PAL), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) compared to the control. The RT-qPCR results also confirmed that the genes of these major disease defense enzymes were up-regulated when the table grapes were treated with P. anomala. The highest results were recorded when the fruit was treated by yeast induced with chitosan (1% w/v). The phenolic compounds, in addition to their nutritional value, can also increase the antimicrobial properties of table grapes. The current experiment determined that the total phenol and flavonoid contents of table grapes showed the highest results for fruits treated by P. anomala induced with chitosan compared with the control. Generally, the increment of these fruit enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities shows improved table grape defense against the pathogenic fungus. The induction of the yeast with chitosan also increases its bio-control efficacy against the pathogen. This study will enable future detailed investigation in the yeast pathogen control mechanisms and the use of yeasts as bio-pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esa Abiso Godana
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qiya Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jizhan Liu
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hongyin Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Zhang X, Gu N, Zhou Y, Godana EA, Dhanasekaran S, Gu X, Zhao L, Zhang H. Transcriptome analysis reveals the mechanisms involved in the enhanced antagonistic efficacy of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa induced by chitosan. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.110992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Zhang H, Godana EA, Sui Y, Yang Q, Zhang X, Zhao L. Biological control as an alternative to synthetic fungicides for the management of grey and blue mould diseases of table grapes: a review. Crit Rev Microbiol 2020; 46:450-462. [DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2020.1794793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyin Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Esa Abiso Godana
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Yuan Sui
- College of Landscape Architecture and Life Science/Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Qiya Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Lina Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
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Godana EA, Yang Q, Wang K, Zhang H, Zhang X, Zhao L, Abdelhai MH, Guillaume Legrand NN. Bio-control activity of Pichia anomala supplemented with chitosan against Penicillium expansum in postharvest grapes and its possible inhibition mechanism. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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