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Barone M, Gemello E, Viggiani MT, Cristofori F, Renna C, Iannone A, Di Leo A, Francavilla R. Evaluation of Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity in Patients with Previous Diagnosis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030705. [PMID: 32155878 PMCID: PMC7146412 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. To date, there is no reliable marker for the diagnosis of non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), which benefits from a gluten-free diet (GFD). This condition is characterized by functional gastrointestinal symptoms similar to those occurring in the course of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, IBS has a higher prevalence, and often benefits from the administration of a low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAP) diet. The overlap of symptoms between these two pathologies has led to an overestimation of self-made diagnosis NCGS. Aims. To better identify NCGS in subjects with a previous diagnosis of IBS. Methods. All subjects received a low FODMAP diet that was also gluten-free (low FODMAP-GFD), and those presenting an improvement of symptoms were exposed to gluten or placebo (double-blind challenge with wash-out and crossover). The response to dietary treatments was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS). Results. Of 30 patients (23 women, seven men, aged 42.2 ± 12.5 years, body mass index (BMI ) 24.7 ± 4.1 kg/m2), 26 benefited from the administration of low FODMAP-GFD and were exposed to the gluten/placebo challenge. After the challenge, using an increase of visual analogue scale VAS (Δ-VAS) ≥30%, 46.1% of the patients were NCGS+. However, this percentage became only 19.2% using a different method (mean ∆-VAS score plus two standard deviations). Conclusions. FODMAP intolerance could hide the response to a challenge test with gluten for the identification of NCGS in IBS patients. A low FODMAP-GFD followed by gluten/placebo challenge is able to identify patients with NCGS better. ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT04017585.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Barone
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70100 Bari, Italy; (M.T.V.); (A.I.); (A.D.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-080-5593514; Fax: +39-080-5593177
| | - Eugenio Gemello
- Center for the Study and Treatment of Eating Disorders ASL/LE, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (E.G.); (C.R.)
| | - Maria Teresa Viggiani
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70100 Bari, Italy; (M.T.V.); (A.I.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Fernanda Cristofori
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Paediatric Section, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70100 Bari, Italy; (F.C.); (R.F.)
| | - Caterina Renna
- Center for the Study and Treatment of Eating Disorders ASL/LE, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (E.G.); (C.R.)
| | - Andrea Iannone
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70100 Bari, Italy; (M.T.V.); (A.I.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Alfredo Di Leo
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70100 Bari, Italy; (M.T.V.); (A.I.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Ruggiero Francavilla
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Paediatric Section, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70100 Bari, Italy; (F.C.); (R.F.)
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Gammone MA, Gemello E, Riccioni G, D'Orazio N. Marine bioactives and potential application in sports. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:2357-82. [PMID: 24796298 PMCID: PMC4052294 DOI: 10.3390/md12052357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An enriched diet with antioxidants, such as vitamin E, vitamin C, β-carotene and phenolic compounds, has always been suggested to improve oxidative stress, preventing related diseases. In this respect, marine natural product (MNP), such as COX inhibitors, marine steroids, molecules interfering with factors involved in the modulation of gene expression (such as NF-κB), macrolides, many antioxidant agents, thermogenic substances and even substances that could help the immune system and that result in the protection of cartilage, have been recently gaining attention. The marine world represents a reserve of bioactive ingredients, with considerable potential as functional food. Substances, such as chitin, chitosan, n-3 oils, carotenoids, vitamins, minerals and bioactive peptides, can provide several health benefits, such as the reduction of cardiovascular diseases, anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic activities. In addition, new marine bioactive substances with potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and thermogenic capacity may provide health benefits and performance improvement, especially in those who practice physical activity, because of their increased free radical and Reacting Oxygen Species (ROS) production during exercise, and, particularly, in athletes. The aim of this review is to examine the potential pharmacological properties and application of many marine bioactive substances in sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alessandra Gammone
- Human and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Biomedical Science, Via Dei Vestini, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti 66013, Italy.
| | - Eugenio Gemello
- Human and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Biomedical Science, Via Dei Vestini, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti 66013, Italy.
| | - Graziano Riccioni
- Human and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Biomedical Science, Via Dei Vestini, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti 66013, Italy.
| | - Nicolantonio D'Orazio
- Human and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Biomedical Science, Via Dei Vestini, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti 66013, Italy.
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Di Blasio A, Gemello E, Di Iorio A, Di Giacinto G, Celso T, Di Renzo D, Sablone A, Ripari P. Order effects of concurrent endurance and resistance training on post-exercise response of non-trained women. J Sports Sci Med 2012; 11:393-399. [PMID: 24149345 PMCID: PMC3737937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Physical exercise is used for the promotion and maintenance of good health and for the improvement of physical fitness. Both endurance and resistance exercises are needed to carry out a complete training program. Because time may be a barrier to physical exercise practice, the aim of this study was to verify whether the order of execution of endurance and resistance exercises, in concurrent training, has different effects on the metabolic responses during recovery. Thirteen healthy women [24.40 (1.67) years, Mean (SD)] were investigated for energy expenditure (EE), oxygen consumption (VO2), ventilation (Ve), respiratory frequency (RF), proportion of oxygen in expired air (FeO2) and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) both before and after three concurrent endurance and resistance trainings, carried out in different orders: endurance-resistance training (ERT), resistance-endurance training (RET) and alternating endurance-resistance training (AERT). AERT elicited a significantly greater increase of EE, VO2, and Ve and a greater decrease of FeO2. ERT elicited a lower increase of RPE. Acute post-exercise physiological responses to concurrent endurance and resistance physical exercise seem to depend on the order of execution of the two parts: among the selected protocols, AERT seems to elicit the best responses. Key pointsThe concurrent execution of both endurance and resistance exercise, in the same training session, could be a practical solution to conform to guidelines for health in the presence of lack of time.The order of concurrent execution of both endurance and resistance exercise, in the same training session, influences the amplitude of some post-exercise physiological responses.
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D’Orazio N, Gemello E, Gammone MA, de Girolamo M, Ficoneri C, Riccioni G. Fucoxantin: a treasure from the sea. Mar Drugs 2012; 10:604-616. [PMID: 22611357 PMCID: PMC3347018 DOI: 10.3390/md10030604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2011] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 2.3 billion people will be overweight and 700 million obese in 2015. The reasons for this disastrous trend are attributed to the global tendency toward the reduced magnitude of exercise and physical activity and the increased dietary intake of fats, sugars and calories with reduced amount of vitamins and minerals. To prevent life-style-related diseases, like Metabolic Syndrome (MS), researchers' attention is increasingly focusing on some of the so called "functional foods" which may be useful for their prevention and treatment. One of these functional ingredients is fucoxanthin (FX), a characteristic carotenoid present in edible brown seaweeds, such as Undaria pinnatifida (Wakame), Hijikia fusiformis (Hijiki), Laminaria japonica (Ma-Kombu) and Sargassum fulvellum. The increasing popularity of this molecule is certainly due to its anti-obesity effect, primarily detected by murine studies. These works revealed FX mediated induction of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) in abdominal white adipose tissue (WAT) mitochondria, leading to the oxidation of fatty acids and heat production in WAT. Beyond this important role, in recent studies FX has shown a great antioxidant activity, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic and anti-photoaging properties. The aim of this review is to highlight the main effects of FX on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolantonio D’Orazio
- Human and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Biomedical Science, Via Dei Vestini, University G. D’Annunzio, Chieti, 66013, Italy; (E.G.); (M.A.G.); (M.G.); (C.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Eugenio Gemello
- Human and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Biomedical Science, Via Dei Vestini, University G. D’Annunzio, Chieti, 66013, Italy; (E.G.); (M.A.G.); (M.G.); (C.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Maria Alessandra Gammone
- Human and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Biomedical Science, Via Dei Vestini, University G. D’Annunzio, Chieti, 66013, Italy; (E.G.); (M.A.G.); (M.G.); (C.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Massimo de Girolamo
- Human and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Biomedical Science, Via Dei Vestini, University G. D’Annunzio, Chieti, 66013, Italy; (E.G.); (M.A.G.); (M.G.); (C.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Cristiana Ficoneri
- Human and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Biomedical Science, Via Dei Vestini, University G. D’Annunzio, Chieti, 66013, Italy; (E.G.); (M.A.G.); (M.G.); (C.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Graziano Riccioni
- Human and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Biomedical Science, Via Dei Vestini, University G. D’Annunzio, Chieti, 66013, Italy; (E.G.); (M.A.G.); (M.G.); (C.F.); (G.R.)
- Cardiology Unit, San Camillo De Lellis Hospital, Manfredonia, FG 71043, Italy
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Riccioni G, Sblendorio V, Gemello E, Di Bello B, Scotti L, Cusenza S, D’Orazio N. Dietary fibers and cardiometabolic diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:1524-1540. [PMID: 22408406 PMCID: PMC3291975 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13021524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2011] [Revised: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is largely attributable to the contemporary lifestyle that is often sedentary and includes a diet high in saturated fats and sugars and low ingestion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), fruit, vegetables, and fiber. Experimental data from both animals and humans suggest an association between increased dietary fiber (DF) intakes and improved plasma lipid profiles, including reduced low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations. These observations underline that the intake of DF may protect against heart disease and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziano Riccioni
- Cardiology Unit, San Camillo de Lellis Hospital, Manfredonia, Foggia, 71043, Italy
- Human Nutrition, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” Chieti, 66013, Italy; E-Mails: (E.G.); (B.D.B.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (N.D.)
| | - Valeriana Sblendorio
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialties, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Medical School, Surgical Clinic, Modena, 41100, Italy; E-Mail:
| | - Eugenio Gemello
- Human Nutrition, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” Chieti, 66013, Italy; E-Mails: (E.G.); (B.D.B.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (N.D.)
| | - Barbara Di Bello
- Human Nutrition, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” Chieti, 66013, Italy; E-Mails: (E.G.); (B.D.B.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (N.D.)
| | - Luca Scotti
- Human Nutrition, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” Chieti, 66013, Italy; E-Mails: (E.G.); (B.D.B.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (N.D.)
| | - Salvatore Cusenza
- Human Nutrition, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” Chieti, 66013, Italy; E-Mails: (E.G.); (B.D.B.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (N.D.)
| | - Nicolantonio D’Orazio
- Human Nutrition, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” Chieti, 66013, Italy; E-Mails: (E.G.); (B.D.B.); (L.S.); (S.C.); (N.D.)
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