1
|
Doan K, Zachos FE, Wilkens B, Vigne JD, Piotrowska N, Stanković A, Jędrzejewska B, Stefaniak K, Niedziałkowska M. Phylogeography of the Tyrrhenian red deer (Cervus elaphus corsicanus) resolved using ancient DNA of radiocarbon-dated subfossils. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2331. [PMID: 28539631 PMCID: PMC5443832 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02359-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We present ancient mitochondrial DNA analyses of 31 complete cytochrome b gene sequences from subfossil red deer remains from the Tyrrhenian islands (Corsica and Sardinia) and mainland Italy in a European-wide phylogeographic framework. Tyrrhenian and North African red deer, both going back to human introductions, were previously the only red deer to harbour the mitochondrial B lineage whose origin, however, remained unknown. Our ancient Italian samples from the central part of the peninsula that were radiocarbon-dated to an age of ca. 6300 to 15 600 cal BP all showed B haplotypes, closely related or even identical to those found on Sardinia. Genetic diversity in the mainland population was considerably higher than on the islands. Together with palaeontological evidence our genetic results identify the Italian Peninsula as the ultimate origin of the B lineage and thus the Tyrrhenian and North African red deer. This is in line with previous biogeographic findings that uncovered distinct intraspecific phylogeographic lineages in Italian mammals, underlining Italy’s status as a hotspot of European mammalian diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Doan
- College of Inter-Faculty Individual Studies in Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - F E Zachos
- Natural History Museum Vienna, 1010, Vienna, Austria.
| | - B Wilkens
- Department of Nature and Environmental Science, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - J-D Vigne
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle - CNRS (InEE) - Sorbonne Universités, Archaeozoology, Archaeobotany, Paris, France
| | - N Piotrowska
- Radiocarbon Laboratory Institute of Physics - Center for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - A Stanković
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.,The Antiquity of Southeastern Europe Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Jędrzejewska
- Mammal Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 17-230, Białowieża, Poland
| | - K Stefaniak
- Department of Palaeozoology, University of Wrocław, 50-335, Wrocław, Poland
| | - M Niedziałkowska
- Mammal Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 17-230, Białowieża, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Affiliation(s)
- M Husemann
- Department of Entomology, Centrum für Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- General Zoology, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - F E Zachos
- Natural History Museum Vienna, Vienna, Austria;
| | - R J Paxton
- General Zoology, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - J C Habel
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management Universität München, Freising, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zachos FE, Mattioli S, Ferretti F, Lorenzini R. The unique Mesola red deer of Italy: taxonomic recognition (Cervus elaphus italicusnova ssp., Cervidae) would endorse conservation#. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/11250003.2014.895060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
4
|
Zachos FE, Ben Slimen H, Hackländer K, Giacometti M, Suchentrunk F. Regional genetic
in situ
differentiation despite phylogenetic heterogeneity in Alpine mountain hares. J Zool (1987) 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2010.00710.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. E. Zachos
- Zoological Institute, Christian‐Albrechts‐University, Kiel, Germany
| | - H. Ben Slimen
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Immunologie et Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Campus Universitaire El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - K. Hackländer
- Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research, Institute of Wildlife Biology and Game Management, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - F. Suchentrunk
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Debes PV, Zachos FE, Hanel R. Mitochondrial phylogeography of the European sprat (Sprattus sprattus L., Clupeidae) reveals isolated climatically vulnerable populations in the Mediterranean Sea and range expansion in the northeast Atlantic. Mol Ecol 2008; 17:3873-88. [PMID: 18643878 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.03872.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We examined the genetic structure of the European sprat (Sprattus sprattus) by means of a 530-bp sequence of the mitochondrial control region from 210 fish originating from seven sampling localities of its distributional range. Phylogeographical analysis of 128 haplotypes showed a phylogenetic separation into two major clades with the Strait of Sicily acting as a barrier to gene flow between them. While no population differentiation was observed based on analysis of molecular variance and net nucleotide differences between samples of the Baltic Sea, the North Sea and the Bay of Biscay nor between the Black Sea and the Bosporus, a strong population differentiation between these samples and two samples from the Mediterranean Sea was found. Further, the biggest genetic distance was observed within the Mediterranean Sea between the populations of the Gulf of Lyon and the Adriatic Sea, indicating genetic isolation of these regions. Low genetic diversities and star-like haplotype networks of both Mediterranean Sea populations point towards recent demographic expansion scenarios after low population size, which is further supported by negative F(S) values and unimodal mismatch distributions with a low mean. Along the northeast Atlantic coast, a northwards range expansion of a large and stable population can be assumed. The history of a diverse but differentiated Black Sea population remains unknown due to uncertainties in the palaeo-oceanography of this sea. Our genetic data did not confirm the presently used classification into subspecies but are only preliminary in the absence of nuclear genetic analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P V Debes
- Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences IFM-GEOMAR, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
|
7
|
|
8
|
Zachos FE, Hartl GB, Suchentrunk F. Fluctuating asymmetry and genetic variability in the roe deer (Capreolus capreolus): a test of the developmental stability hypothesis in mammals using neutral molecular markers. Heredity (Edinb) 2007; 98:392-400. [PMID: 17375126 DOI: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluctuating asymmetry (FA), used as an indicator of developmental stability, has long been hypothesized to be negatively correlated with genetic variability as a consequence of more variable organisms being better suited to buffer developmental pathways against environmental stress. However, it is still a matter of debate if this is due to metabolic properties of enzymes encoded by certain key loci or rather to overall genomic heterozygosity. Previous analyses suggest that there might be a general difference between homeo- and poikilotherms in that only the latter tend to exhibit the negative correlation predicted by theory. In the present study, we addressed these questions by analysing roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from five German populations with regard to FA in metric and non-metric skull and mandible traits as well as variability at eight microsatellite loci. Genetic variability was quantified by heterozygosity and mean d2 parameters, and although the latter did not show any relationship with FA, we found for the first time a statistically significant negative correlation of microsatellite heterozygosity and non-metric FA among populations. Because microsatellites are non-coding markers, this may be interpreted as evidence for the role of overall genomic heterozygosity in determining developmental stability. To test if the threshold character of non-metric traits is responsible for the metric vs non-metric difference we also carried out calculations where we treated our metric traits as threshold values. This, however, did not yield significant correlations between FA and genetic variability either.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F E Zachos
- Zoological Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hmwe SS, Zachos FE, Sale JB, Rose HR, Hartl GB. Genetic variability and differentiation in red deer (Cervus elaphus) from Scotland and England. J Zool (1987) 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00123.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
10
|
Zachos FE, Hmwe SS, Hartl GB. Biochemical and DNA markers yield strikingly different results regarding variability and differentiation of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus, Artiodactyla: Cervidae) populations from northern Germany. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.2006.00350.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
11
|
Feulner PGD, Bielfeldt W, Zachos FE, Bradvarovic J, Eckert I, Hartl GB. Mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite analyses of the genetic status of the presumed subspecies Cervus elaphus montanus (Carpathian red deer). Heredity (Edinb) 2005; 93:299-306. [PMID: 15241451 DOI: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibly distinct Carpathian red deer was compared genetically to other European populations. We screened 120 red deer specimens from Serbia, the Romanian lowland and the Romanian Carpathians for genetic variability using 582 bp of the mitochondrial control region and nine polymorphic nuclear microsatellite loci. The study aimed at a population genetic characterization of the Carpathian red deer, which are often treated as a distinct subspecies (Cervus elaphus montanus). The genetic integrity of the Carpathian populations was confirmed through the haplotype distribution, private alleles and genetic distances. The Carpathian red deer are thus identified as one of the few remaining natural populations of this species, deserving special attention among game and conservation biologists. The history of the populations studied, in particular the introduction of Carpathian red deer into Romanian lowland areas in the 20th century, was reflected by the genetic data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P G D Feulner
- Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, Evolutionsbiologie/Spezielle Zoologie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25 (Haus 25), 14476 Golm, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|