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Wu Y, Chen G, Feng Z, Cui H, Rao F, Ni Y, Huang Z, Zhu W. Phase Difference Network for Efficient Differentiation of Hepatic Tumors with Multi-Phase CT. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2023; 2023:1-5. [PMID: 38083466 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer has been one of the top causes of cancer-related death. For developing an accurate treatment strategy and raising the survival rate, the differentiation of liver cancers is essential. Multiphase CT recently acts as the primary examination method for clinical diagnosis. Deep learning techniques based on multiphase CT have been proposed to distinguish hepatic cancers. However, due to the recurrent mechanism, RNN-based approaches require expensive calculations whereas CNN-based models fail to explicitly establish temporal correlations among phases. In this paper, we proposed a phase difference network, termed as Phase Difference Network (PDN), to identify two liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, from four-phase CT. Specifically, the phase difference was used as interphase temporal information in a differential attention module, which enhanced the feature representation. Additionally, utilizing a multihead self-attention module, a transformer-based classification module was employed to explore the long-term context and capture the temporal relation between phases. Clinical datasets are used in experiments to compare the performance of the proposed strategy versus conventional approaches. The results indicate that the proposed method outperforms the traditional deep learning based methods.
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Hao RN, Ye XL, Xu BL, Sun Y, Liu HY, Rao F, Xue JJ. [Application and advances of nanozyme-loaded tissue engineering scaffolds in wound repair]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi 2023; 39:591-595. [PMID: 37805777 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20220806-00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
At present, effective reconstruction of the integrity and functionality of damaged skin tissue remains an important medical problem in the field of wound repair. In recent years, the rapid development of nanozymes and tissue engineering scaffolds in the field of regenerative medicine has made it possible to develop new skin wound repair materials. Based on the process of skin wound repair and regeneration, this review briefly describes the nanozymes and its catalytic mechanism. At the same time, the common tissue engineering scaffolds loaded with nanozymes and their manufacturing strategies are introduced, the application of tissue engineering scaffolds loaded with nanozymes during the stages of anti-bacteria and anti-inflammation in the process of wound repair is summarized, and their future development direction is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Center of Advanced Elastomer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - X L Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Center of Advanced Elastomer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - B L Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Bionanomaterials & Translational Engineering Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Y Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Bionanomaterials & Translational Engineering Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - H Y Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Bionanomaterials & Translational Engineering Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - F Rao
- Trauma Center, Peking University People's Hospital, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China
| | - J J Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Center of Advanced Elastomer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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Liu J, Nie H, Rao F. Effectiveness of the "Internet-Plus"-Based Life-Cycle Management on Pediatric Chronic Diseases. Iran J Public Health 2023; 52:1207-1214. [PMID: 37484145 PMCID: PMC10362822 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v52i6.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Background We aimed to assess the effect of life-cycle management on the satisfaction and health outcomes of children with chronic diseases and their parents, as well as the career benefits of healthcare workers. Methods Participants were children with chronic diseases who received long-term treatment at the Three Gorges Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing University from January 2021 to November 2022. From the first admission, compare the children's disease onset, satisfaction and professional benefits of medical staff among "Medical and Nursing Integration" + "Internet plus"-based life cycle management group (n = 221, the experimental group), the routine management group (n = 53, the control group 1) and the "Medical and Nursing Integration" group (n = 67, control group 2). Results The overall satisfaction of children in the experimental group (100 %) was higher than that in the control group 1 (98.11%) and control group 2 (98.51%). The times of second admission and third admission of patients in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group 1 were (both P<0.001) and control group 2 (both P<0.01). Nurses' sense of professional benefit, professional identity, and doctor's satisfaction with nurses in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group 1 (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001) and control group 2 (all P<0.05). Conclusion The application of "Medical and Nursing Integration" + "Internet plus"-based life cycle management in chronic disease nursing management can effectively improve the management on pediatric chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Pediatric Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Three Gorges Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing University, Chongqing, 404100, China
| | - Hongying Nie
- Department of Pediatrics, Wushan County People’s Hospital, Chongqing, 404700, China
| | - Fan Rao
- Department of Pediatric Comprehensive Internal Medicine, Three Gorges Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing University, Chongqing, 404100, China
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Rao F, Chen M, Yang D, Morrell B, Song Q, Zhu W. scENT for Revealing Gene Clusters From Single-Cell RNA-Seq Data. IEEE/ACM Trans Comput Biol Bioinform 2023; 20:2266-2277. [PMID: 37022879 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2023.3242260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the fast development of single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) techniques has enabled high-resolution transcriptomic statistical analysis of individual cells in heterogeneous tissues, which can help researchers to explore the relationship between genes and human diseases. The emerging scRNA-seq data results in new analysis methods aiming to identify cell-level clustering and annotations. However, there are few methods developed to gain insights into the gene-level clusters with biological significance. This study proposes a new deep learning-based framework, scENT (single cell gENe clusTer), to identify significant gene clusters from single-cell RNA-seq data. We started with clustering the scRNA-seq data into multiple optimal groups, followed by a gene set enrichment analysis to identify classes of over-represented genes. Considering high-dimensional data with extensive zeros and dropout issues, scENT integrates perturbation in the learning process of clustering scRNA-seq data to improve its robustness and performance. Experimental results show that scENT outperformed other benchmarking methods on simulation data. To validate the biological insights of scENT, we applied it to the public experimental scRNA-seq data profiled from patients with Alzheimer's disease and brain metastasis. scENT successfully identified novel functional gene clusters and associated functions, facilitating the discovery of prospective mechanisms and the understanding of related diseases.
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Xue M, Han L, Song Y, Rao F, Peng D. A Fissure-Aided Registration Approach for Automatic Pulmonary Lobe Segmentation Using Deep Learning. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:8560. [PMID: 36366258 PMCID: PMC9656539 DOI: 10.3390/s22218560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The segmentation of pulmonary lobes is important in clinical assessment, lesion location, and surgical planning. Automatic lobe segmentation is challenging, mainly due to the incomplete fissures or the morphological variation resulting from lung disease. In this work, we propose a learning-based approach that incorporates information from the local fissures, the whole lung, and priori pulmonary anatomy knowledge to separate the lobes robustly and accurately. The prior pulmonary atlas is registered to the test CT images with the aid of the detected fissures. The result of the lobe segmentation is obtained by mapping the deformation function on the lobes-annotated atlas. The proposed method is evaluated in a custom dataset with COPD. Twenty-four CT scans randomly selected from the custom dataset were segmented manually and are available to the public. The experiments showed that the average dice coefficients were 0.95, 0.90, 0.97, 0.97, and 0.97, respectively, for the right upper, right middle, right lower, left upper, and left lower lobes. Moreover, the comparison of the performance with a former learning-based segmentation approach suggests that the presented method could achieve comparable segmentation accuracy and behave more robustly in cases with morphological specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfan Xue
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Lu Han
- Philips Healthcare, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yiran Song
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Fan Rao
- Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Dongliang Peng
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
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Rao F, Wu Z, Han L, Yang B, Han W, Zhu W. Delayed PET imaging using image synthesis network and nonrigid registration without additional CT scan. Med Phys 2022; 49:3233-3245. [PMID: 35218053 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Attenuation correction is critical for positron emission tomography (PET) image reconstruction. The standard protocol for obtaining attenuation information in a clinical PET scanner is via the coregistered computed tomography (CT) images. Therefore for delayed PET imaging, the CT scan is repeated twice, which increases the radiation dose for the patient. In this paper, we propose a zero-extra-dose delayed PET imaging method which requires no additional CT scans. METHODS A deep learning based synthesis network is designed to convert the PET data into a pseudo CT image for the delayed scan. Then, nonrigid registration is performed between this pseudo CT image and the CT image of the first scan, warping the CT image of the first scan to an estimated CT images for the delayed scan. Finally, the PET image attenuation correction in the delayed scan is obtained from this estimated CT image. Experiments with clinical datasets are implemented to assess the effectiveness of the proposed method with the well-recognized GAN method. The average peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and the mean absolute percent error (MAPE) are used in comparison. We also use scoring from three experienced radiologists as subjective measurement means, based on the diagnostic consistency of the PET images reconstructed from GAN and the proposed method with respect to the ground truth images. RESULTS The experiments show that the average PSNR is 47.04 dB (the proposed method) v.s. 44.41 dB (the traditional GAN method) for the reconstructed delayed PET images in our evaluation dataset. The average MAPEs are 1.59% for the proposed method and 3.32% for the traditional GAN method across five organ Regions of Interest (ROIs). The scores for the GAN and the proposed method rated by three experienced radiologists are 8.08±0.60 and 9.02±0.52, indicating that the proposed method yields more consistent PET images with the ground truth. CONCLUSIONS This work proposes a novel method for CT-less delayed PET imaging based on image synthesis network and nonrigid image registration. The PET image reconstructed using the proposed method yields delayed PET images with high image quality without artifacts, and is quantitatively more accurate compared with the traditional GAN method. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Rao
- Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, China
| | - Zhuoxuan Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Lu Han
- Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, China
| | - Bao Yang
- Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, China
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, China
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction Discuss the application of magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating ankle motion injury. Objective Verify the influencing factors of magnetic resource imaging (MRI) diagnosis based on the linear regression algorithm model. Methods The experimental group was diagnosed by MRI, while the control group was diagnosed by plain X-ray. After that, the mathematical model of the linear regression algorithm was constructed. Results It could be concluded that the MRI detection rate was 85.71%, and the X-ray plain film detection rate was 77.14%. The linear regression model analysis showed that the P-value of cartilage injury, tendon fracture, bone contusion, and soft tissue swelling was greater than 0.05. Conclusions MRI has more advantages in the application of ankle joint diagnosis. And ligament injury and joint effusion are the influencing factors of MRI diagnosis, which can highly indicate the authenticity of the injury in the ankle joint. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Rao
- Hunan Normal University, China
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Rao F, Yang B, Chen YW, Li J, Wang H, Ye H, Wang Y, Zhao K, Zhu W. A novel supervised learning method to generate CT images for attenuation correction in delayed pet scans. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2020; 197:105764. [PMID: 33010702 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Attenuation correction is important for PET image reconstruction. In clinical PET/CT scans, the attenuation information is usually obtained by CT. However, additional CT scans for delayed PET imaging may increase the risk of cancer. In this paper, we propose a novel CT generation method for attenuation correction in delayed PET imaging that requires no additional CT scans. METHODS As only PET raw data is available for the delayed PET scan, routine image registration methods are difficult to use directly. To solve this problem, a reconstruction network is developed to produce pseudo PET images from raw data first. Then a second network is used to generate the CT image through mapping PET/CT images from the first scan to the delayed scan. The inputs of the second network are the two pseudo PET images from the first and delayed scans, and the CT image from the first scan. The labels are taken from the ground truth CT image in the delayed scan. The loss function contains an image similarity term and a regularization term, which reflect the anatomy matching accuracy and the smoothness of the non-rigid deformation field, respectively. RESULTS We evaluated the proposed method with simulated and clinical PET/CT datasets. Standard Uptake Value was computed and compared with the gold standard (with coregistered CT for attenuation correction). The results show that the proposed supervised learning method can generate PET images with high quality and quantitative accuracy. For the test cases in our study, the average MAE and RMSE of the proposed supervised learning method were 4.61 and 22.75 respectively, and the average PSNR between the reconstructed PET image and the ground truth PET image was 62.13 dB. CONCLUSIONS The proposed method is able to generate accurate CT images for attenuation correction in delayed PET scans. Experiments indicate that the proposed method outperforms traditional methods with respect to quantitative PET image accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Rao
- Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bao Yang
- Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yen-Wei Chen
- Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingsong Li
- Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongkai Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Hongwei Ye
- MinFound Medical Systems Co., Ltd. Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaofa Wang
- MinFound Medical Systems Co., Ltd. Hangzhou, China
| | - Kui Zhao
- PET Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China.
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Zhou HS, Wang ZY, Gao XY, Deng CY, Xue YM, Yang H, Li X, Kuang SJ, Peng DW, Rao F, Wu SL. [Involvement of Src kinase in the down-regulation of ultra-rapid delayed rectifier K(+)current induced by tumor necrosis factor-α in cardiomyocytes]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2020; 48:323-328. [PMID: 32370484 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20190517-00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate whether inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is involved in the electrical remodeling of cardiomyocytes by regulating ultra-rapid delayed rectifier K(+) current (I(kur)) and the role of Src kinase. Methods: H9c2 cells, embryonic cardiomyocytes of rat, were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and atrium-derived HL-1 cells were cultured in Claycomb medium. Both H9c2 and HL-1 cells were cultured at 37 ℃ with 5% CO(2). Cells cultured in normal conditions without additional treatment served as control group. Experimental groups were treated with different concentration of TNF-α (25 or 50 or 100 ng/ml) for 24 hours. To study whether Src specific inhibitor PP1 could abrogate the effect of TNF-α, cells were pre-treated with 10 μmol/L PP1 for 1 hour, followed by TNF-α (100 ng/ml) for 24 hours. Western blot and the whole cell patch clamp technique were used to detect the protein expression of Kv1.5 and Src and I(kur) in each group. Results: (1) In H9c2 cells, high concentration of TNF-α treatment (100 ng/ml) significantly reduced the Kv1.5 protein expression compared with control group and TNF-α 25 ng/ml group (both P<0.05). Compared with control group, the expression of p-Src protein was higher in 25 ng/ml, 50 ng/ml, 100 ng/ml TNF-α group (all P<0.05), but there was no statistical difference in the expression of Src protein among groups (P>0.05). In addition, the current density of I(kur) was decreased in 50 ng/ml, 100 ng/ml TNF-α group (both P<0.05). Furthermore, the expression of Kv1.5 protein and the current density of I(kur) were increased in PP1+TNF-α group compared with TNF-α 100 ng/ml group (both P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the expression of Kv1.5 protein and the current density of I(kur) between the control group and PP1+TNF-α group (both P>0.05). (2) In atrium-derived HL-1 cells, the expression of Kv1.5 protein was reduced in 100 ng/ml TNF-α group compared with control group and TNF-α 25 ng/ml group (both P<0.01). In addition, the expression of p-Src protein was increased in TNF-α 100 ng/ml group compared with control group (P<0.05), but there was no statistical difference in the protein expression of Src among groups (P>0.05). The expression of Kv1.5 protein was increased in PP1+TNF-α group compared with TNF-α 100 ng/ml group (P<0.05). Conclusion: TNF-α is involved in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation, probably via decreasing I(kur) current density in atrium-derived myocytes through the activation of Src kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Zhou
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangdong 510006, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Z Y Wang
- Research Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - X Y Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - C Y Deng
- Research Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Y M Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - H Yang
- Research Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - S J Kuang
- Research Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - D W Peng
- Research Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - F Rao
- Research Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - S L Wu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangdong 510006, China
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Abstract
Accurate estimation of motion field in respiration-correlated 4DCT images, is a precondition for the analysis of patient-specific breathing dynamics and subsequent image-supported treatment planning. However, the lung motion estimation often suffers from the sliding motion. In this paper, a novel lung motion method based on the non-rigid registration of point clouds is proposed, and the tangent-plane distance is used to represent the distance term, which describes the difference between two point clouds. Local affine transformation model is used to express the non-rigid deformation of the lung motion. The final objective function is expressed in the Frobenius norm formation, and matrix optimization scheme is carried out to find out the optimal transformation parameters that minimize the objective function. A key advantage of our proposed method is that it alleviates the requirement that the source point cloud and the reference point cloud should be in one-to-one corresponding relationship, and the requirement is difficult to be satisfied in practical application. Furthermore, the proposed method takes the sliding motion of the lung into consideration and improves the registration accuracy by reducing the constraint of the motion along the tangent direction. Non-rigid registration experiments are carried out to validate the performance of the proposed method using popi-model data. The results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the traditional method with about 20% accuracy increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| | - Zhou-ping Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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Rao F, Li W, Zhang X, Yin Z. Non-Rigid Registration of Multi-Modality Medical Image Using Combined Gradient Information and Mutual Information. j med imaging hlth inform 2018. [DOI: 10.1166/jmihi.2018.2443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Liu Y, Wang F, Chen X, Liang Y, Deng H, Liao H, Rao F, Wei W, Zhan X, Fang X, Nair S, Shehata M, Wang X, Xue Y, Wu S. P5374Fasciculoventricular connections responsible for inherited ventricular pre-excitation in patients with danon disease. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p5374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China People's Republic of
| | - F Wang
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China People's Republic of
| | - X Chen
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China People's Republic of
| | - Y Liang
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China People's Republic of
| | - H Deng
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China People's Republic of
| | - H Liao
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China People's Republic of
| | - F Rao
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China People's Republic of
| | - W Wei
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China People's Republic of
| | - X Zhan
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China People's Republic of
| | - X Fang
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China People's Republic of
| | - S Nair
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - M Shehata
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - X Wang
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Y Xue
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China People's Republic of
| | - S Wu
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China People's Republic of
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Rao F, Chen Z, Zhou D, Kang Y, Guo L, Xue Y. DFT investigation on the metabolic mechanisms of theophylline by cytochrome P450 monooxygenase. J Mol Graph Model 2018; 84:109-117. [PMID: 29957347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Theophylline, one of the most commonly used bronchodilators and respiratory stimulators for the treatment of acute and chronic asthmatic conditions, can cause permanent neurological damage through chronic or excessive ingestion. In this work, DFT calculation was performed to identify the metabolic mechanisms of theophylline by cytochrome P450 (CYP450) monooxygenase. Two main metabolic pathways were investigated, namely, N1- (path A) and N3- (path B) demethylations, which proceeded through N-methyl hydroxylation followed by the decomposition of the generated carbinolamine species. N-methyl hydroxylation involved a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanism, which can be generalized as the N-demethylation mechanism of xanthine derivatives. The energy gap between the low-spin double state (LS) and the high-spin quartet state (HS) was low (<1 kcal mol-1), indicating a two-state reactivity (TSR) mechanism. The generated carbinolamine species preferred to decompose through the adjacent heteroatom (O6 for path A and O2 for path B) mediated mechanism. Path B was kinetically more feasible than path A attributed to its relatively lower activation energy. 1-Methylxanthine therefore was the energetically favorable metabolite of theophylline. The observations obtained in the work were in agreement with the experimental observation, which can offer important implications for further pharmacological and clinic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Rao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, China
| | - Zeqin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, China; College of Materials and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China.
| | - Dagang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, China.
| | - Yuan Kang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, China
| | - Linfeng Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, China
| | - Ying Xue
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology in Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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De Mattia E, Iatomasi M, Garabelli B, Lunetta C, Sansone VA, Rao F. Use of the Intermittent Abdominal Pressure Ventilation to guarantee speech in a tracheostomized Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis patient. Rev Port Pneumol (2006) 2017; 23:236-239. [PMID: 28579222 DOI: 10.1016/j.rppnen.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E De Mattia
- NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO), Fondazione Serena Onlus, Milano, Italy.
| | - M Iatomasi
- NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO), Fondazione Serena Onlus, Milano, Italy
| | - B Garabelli
- NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO), Fondazione Serena Onlus, Milano, Italy
| | - C Lunetta
- NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO), Fondazione Serena Onlus, Milano, Italy
| | - V A Sansone
- NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO), Fondazione Serena Onlus, Milano, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - F Rao
- NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO), Fondazione Serena Onlus, Milano, Italy
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15
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Cao S, Zhao Y, Qu T, Wang P, Guan S, Xu Y, Rao F, Li Y, Chen A, Iyoda T. Ordered mesoporous crystalline titania with high thermal stability from comb-like liquid crystal block copolymers. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra10352a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ordered mesoporous crystalline titania with high thermal stability was synthesized by using a comb-like liquid crystal block copolymer PEO-b-PMA(Az) as the template.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubo Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Yongbin Zhao
- National Institute of Clean and Low Carbon Energy
- Future Science and Technology City
- Beijing 102209
- P. R. China
| | - Ting Qu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Pingping Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Song Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Yawei Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Fan Rao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Yayuan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Aihua Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Tomokazu Iyoda
- Division of Integrated Molecular Engineering
- Chemical Resources Laboratory
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama
- Japan
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16
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Rao F, Siddiqui M, Ahmed A. Depression in dementia: Results from an ongoing dementia registry in Pakistan. J Neurol Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.07.1228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Rao F, Deng CY, Zhang QH, Xue YM, Xiao DZ, Kuang SJ, Lin QX, Shan ZX, Liu XY, Zhu JN, Yu XY, Wu SL. Involvement of Src tyrosine kinase and protein kinase C in the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor induced by H2O2 in HL-1 mouse cardiac muscle cells. Braz J Med Biol Res 2013; 46:746-51. [PMID: 24036910 PMCID: PMC3854426 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20132936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a pleiotropic cytokine, plays an
important role in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation; however, the upstream
regulation of MIF in atrial myocytes remains unclear. In the present study, we
investigated whether and how MIF is regulated in response to the
renin-angiotensin system and oxidative stress in atrium myocytes (HL-1 cells).
MIF protein and mRNA levels in HL-1 cells were assayed using immunofluorescence,
real-time PCR, and Western blot. The result indicated that MIF was expressed in
the cytoplasm of HL-1 cells. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), but
not angiotensin II, stimulated MIF expression in HL-1 cells.
H2O2-induced MIF protein and gene levels increased in
a dose-dependent manner and were completely abolished in the presence of
catalase. H2O2-induced MIF production was completely
inhibited by tyrosine kinase inhibitors genistein and PP1, as well as by protein
kinase C (PKC) inhibitor GF109203X, suggesting that redox-sensitive MIF
production is mediated through tyrosine kinase and PKC-dependent mechanisms in
HL-1 cells. These results suggest that MIF is upregulated by HL-1 cells in
response to redox stress, probably by the activation of Src and PKC.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rao
- Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Abstract
The kinetics of biomolecular isomerization processes, such as protein folding, is governed by a free-energy surface of high dimensionality and complexity. As an alternative to projections into one or two dimensions, the free-energy surface can be mapped into a weighted network where nodes and links are configurations and direct transitions among them, respectively. In this work, the free-energy basins and barriers of the alanine dipeptide are determined quantitatively using an algorithm to partition the network into clusters (i.e., states) according to the equilibrium transitions sampled by molecular dynamics. The network-based approach allows for the analysis of the thermodynamics and kinetics of biomolecule isomerization without reliance on arbitrarily chosen order parameters. Moreover, it is shown on low-dimensional models, which can be treated analytically, as well as for the alanine dipeptide, that the broad-tailed weight distribution observed in their networks originates from free-energy basins with mainly enthalpic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Gfeller
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Statistique, SB/ITP, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P. De Los Rios
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Statistique, SB/ITP, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A. Caflisch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - F. Rao
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche E. Fermi, I-00184 Rome, Italy; and
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Roma “La Sapienza,” I-00185 Rome, Italy
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19
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Kennedy BP, Rao F, Botiglieri T, Sharma S, Lillie EO, Ziegler MG, O'connor DT. Contributions of the sympathetic nervous system, glutathione, body mass and gender to blood pressure increase with normal aging: influence of heredity. J Hum Hypertens 2005; 19:951-69. [PMID: 16195709 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Body mass and sympathetic activity increase with aging and might underlie blood pressure (BP) elevation. Increased body mass index (BMI) may elevate BP by increasing sympathetic activity. Glutathione (GSH) can decrease BP, and declines with aging. We measured systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP, BMI, plasma (NE(pl)) and urine norepinephrine (NEu), and plasma GSH in n=204 twins across the age spectrum. BP correlated directly with BMI, NEpl, and NEu, but inversely with GSH. Age correlated with BP, BMI, NEpl, and NEu. BP, BMI, NEpl, and NEu were higher in older subjects than younger subjects, whereas GSH was lower with aging. In older subjects with high (above median) NEpl, SBP was 8 mmHg higher than in those of comparable age with low NE. In younger subjects with high GSH, BP was significantly lower than in younger subjects having low GSH. NEu was significantly reduced in young high-BMI subjects vs young low-BMI subjects. The heritability (h2) of NEpl, NEu, and GSH ranged from approximately 50 to approximately 70%, and these biochemical quantities were considerably more heritable than BP. We conclude that increases in sympathetic activity contribute to aging-induced SBP elevations, especially in older females. GSH reductions apparently participate in aging-induced BP elevations, most strongly in males. BMI increases contribute to BP elevations, particularly in younger subjects. BMI elevations apparently raise BP mainly by peripheral mechanisms, with generally little sympathetic activation. Substantial h(2) for plasma GSH, NE, and urine NE suggests that such traits may be useful 'intermediate phenotypes' in the search for genetic determinants of BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- B P Kennedy
- Department of Medicine and Center for Molecular Genetics, University of California at San Diego, CA 92093-0838, USA
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20
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Abstract
The replica exchange molecular dynamics (REMD) approach is applied to four oligomeric peptide systems. At physiologically relevant temperature values REMD samples conformation space and aggregation transitions more efficiently than constant temperature molecular dynamics (CTMD). During the aggregation process the energetic and structural properties are essentially the same in REMD and CTMD. A condensation stage toward disordered aggregates precedes the beta-sheet formation. Two order parameters, borrowed from anisotropic fluid analysis, are used to monitor the aggregation process. The order parameters do not depend on the peptide sequence and length and therefore allow to compare the amyloidogenic propensity of different peptides
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cecchini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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21
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Cafasso A, Rao F, Mucciarone L, Ambrosino Di Miccio S. Stevens-Johnson syndrome presumably induced by bromhexine. A case report. Minerva Stomatol 2002; 51:151-6. [PMID: 11965223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a serious form of erythema multiforme, an acute inflammatory pathology with an autoimmune pathogenesis. Its etiology is unknown, although it is thought to have multifactorial causes; nonetheless, many drugs are thought to induce such an immune response. The clinical symptomatology is mainly muco-cutaneous, with a remarkable oral involvement. The authors describe here a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome involving the ocular, oral, and genital areas, presumably induced by the bromhexine administered to the patient for a viral syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cafasso
- Dipartimento di Odontoiatria e Stomatologia, Presidio Ospedaliero Ascalesi, Naples, Italy
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Abstract
Although oral candidiasis is frequently seen in the elderly, the factors determining candidal growth have insufficiently been explored. Hence, we examined the influence of aging on candidal adhesion and growth-inhibitory agents in saliva in 45 healthy volunteers and 60 patients with oral candidiasis. Both non-stimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates (SFRs) in the healthy controls decreased with aging. A gradual decrease of SFRs with aging was also observed in the patients, and the SFR levels were markedly lower than those in the controls. Although the salivary glucose levels were almost constant in all age groups, secretory immunoglobulin A and lactoferrin levels in saliva were significantly decreased statistically with age, and a marginal age-associated decrease in transferrin levels was also observed. In addition, the generation of superoxide from neutrophils in saliva and their Candida killing activity decreased with age, and these phenomena were more apparent in the patients. Furthermore, a larger number of Candida adhered to oral keratinocytes obtained from the elderly healthy controls than to those obtained from young controls. Correspondingly, keratinocytes from the aged controls showed more concanavalin-A binding sites than those from the young controls. However, oral Candida did not increase with increasing age in the controls, although an age-associated increase of oral Candida was observed in the patients. Taken together, these results indicate that the decreases of SFRs and salivary anti-candidal factors, suppression of salivary neutrophil function and the increase of candidal adhesion sites on keratinocytes predispose elderly individuals to oral candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tanida
- Department of Oral Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Japan
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23
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Tanida T, Rao F, Hamada T, Ueta E, Osaki T. Lactoferrin peptide increases the survival of Candida albicans-inoculated mice by upregulating neutrophil and macrophage functions, especially in combination with amphotericin B and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Infect Immun 2001; 69:3883-90. [PMID: 11349055 PMCID: PMC98415 DOI: 10.1128/iai.69.6.3883-3890.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop a new strategy to control candidiasis, we examined in vivo the anticandidal effects of a synthetic lactoferrin peptide, FKCRRWQWRM (peptide 2) and the peptide that mimics it, FKARRWQWRM (peptide 2'). Although all mice that underwent intraperitoneal injection of 5 x 10(8) Candida cells with or without peptide 2' died within 8 or 7 days, respectively, the survival times of mice treated with 5 to 100 microg of intravenous peptide 2 per day for 5 days after the candidal inoculation were prolonged between 8.4 +/- 2.9 and 22.4 +/- 3.6 days, depending on the dose of peptide 2. The prolongation of survival by peptide 2 was also observed in mice that were infected with 1.0 x 10(9) Candida albicans cells (3.2 +/- 1.3 days in control mice versus 8.2 +/- 2.4 days in the mice injected with 10 microg of peptide 2 per day). In the high-dose inoculation, a combination of peptide 2 (10 microg/day) with amphotericin B (0.1 microg/day) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (0.1 microg/day) brought prolonged survival. With a combination of these agents, 60% of the mice were alive for more than 22 days. Correspondingly, peptide 2 activated phagocytes inducing inducible NO synthase and the expression of p47(phox) and p67(phox), and peptide 2 increased phagocyte Candida-killing activities up to 1.5-fold of the control levels upregulating the generation of superoxide, lactoferrin, and defensin from neutrophils and macrophages. These findings indicated that the anticandidal effects of peptide 2 depend not only on the direct Candida cell growth-inhibitory activity, but also on the phagocytes' upregulatory activity, and that combinations of peptide 2 with GM-CSF and antifungal drugs will help in the development of new strategies for control of candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tanida
- Department of Oral Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu, Nankoku-city, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
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Abstract
Chromaffin granule transmitters such as chromogranin A and catecholamines have been used in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, but the diagnostic and prognostic value of chromogranin A have not been explored in malignant pheochromocytoma. We evaluated these transmitters in patients with pheochromocytoma (n=27), both benign (n=13) and malignant (n=14). Patients with benign pheochromocytoma were studied before and after surgical excision (n=6), whereas patients with malignant pheochromocytoma were evaluated before and after combination chemotherapy with regular cycles of cyclophosphamide/dacarbazine/vincristine (nonrandomized trial in n=9). During treatment, patient responses to chemotherapy were divided according to anatomic and clinical criteria: responders (n=5) versus nonresponders (n=4). Plasma chromogranin A rose progressively (P<0.0001) from control subjects (48.0+/-3.0 ng/mL) to benign pheochromocytoma (188+/-40.5 ng/mL) to malignant pheochromocytoma (2932+/-960 ng/mL). Parallel changes were seen for plasma norepinephrine (P<0.0001), though plasma epinephrine was actually lower in malignant than benign pheochromocytoma (P=0.0182). In bivariate analyses, chromogranin A, norepinephrine, and epinephrine discriminated between pheochromocytoma and control subjects (all P<0.0001), whereas in a multivariate analyses, norepinephrine was the best discriminator (P:=0.011). Chromogranin A was significantly different in benign versus malignant pheochromocytoma on both bivariate (P=0.0003) and multivariate (P:=0.011) analyses. After excision of benign pheochromocytoma, chromogranin A (P=0.028), norepinephrine (P=0.047), and epinephrine (P=0.037) all fell to values near normal. During chemotherapy of malignant pheochromocytoma (n=9), plasma chromogranin A (P=0.047) and norepinephrine (P=0.02) fell but not epinephrine. In 5 responders to chemotherapy, there were significant declines in chromogranin A (P=0.03) and norepinephrine (P=0.03) but not epinephrine; in 4 nonresponders, none of the transmitters changed. Plasma chromogranin A varied longitudinally with tumor response and relapse. We conclude that plasma chromogranin A is an effective tool in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, and markedly elevated chromogranin A may point to malignant pheochromocytoma. During chemotherapy of malignant pheochromocytoma, chromogranin A can be used to gauge tumor response and relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rao
- Department of Medicine and Center for Molecular Genetics, University of California, San Diego, USA
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25
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Rao F, Wu R, Freeman AJ. Structure and bonding at metal-ceramic interfaces: Ag/CdO(001). Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1995; 51:10052-10056. [PMID: 9977681 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.10052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Abstract
Anatomical studies have demonstrated that the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle in the dog is composed of three bellies. These bellies are termed vertical, oblique, and horizontal on the basis of their orientation. The purpose of this study was to show whether each of these bellies can move the vocal fold in different ways. Ten anesthetized dogs underwent laryngectomies while paralyzed with curare. The posterior cricoarytenoid muscles were then exposed by dissecting the overlying esophageal mucosa. Electrical stimulation was applied to each belly, and the motion of the arytenoid cartilage was measured. Because the oblique belly overlies the vertical belly, they were usually stimulated together. It was found that the vertical and oblique bellies rock the arytenoid backwards while sliding it laterally, thus causing a maximal dilation of the airway. The horizontal belly caused a swiveling motion of the arytenoid. It is proposed that the vertical and oblique bellies normally cause vocal fold abduction during respiration, while the horizontal belly primarily is used to adjust finely the position of the vocal process during phonation. Because the human posterior cricoarytenoid is also composed of separate bellies it, too, may have distinct functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Sanders
- Grabscheid Voice Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029-6574
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Madwar A, Ahmed M, Best RM, Betterton BW, Bourke HC, Cook L, Fitzgerald RTD, Haroon SK, McNamara MF, Nicholas JCH, Noble HMA, Rao F, Shariff S, Uppal DS, Wylie J, Youdale DA. Interim Pay Review. West J Med 1975. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5950.153-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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