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Awotoye W, Mossey PA, Hetmanski JB, Gowans LJ, Eshete MA, Adeyemo WL, Alade A, Zeng E, Adamson O, James O, Fashina A, Ogunlewe MO, Naicker T, Adeleke C, Busch T, Li M, Petrin A, Oladayo A, Kayali S, Olotu J, Sule V, Hassan M, Pape J, Aladenika ET, Donkor P, Arthur FK, Obiri-Yeboah S, Sabbah DK, Agbenorku P, Ray D, Plange-Rhule G, Oti AA, Albokhari D, Sobreira N, Dunnwald M, Beaty TH, Taub M, Marazita ML, Adeyemo AA, Murray JC, Butali A. Damaging Mutations in AFDN Contribute to Risk of Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip With or Without Cleft Palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2024; 61:697-705. [PMID: 36384317 PMCID: PMC10185709 DOI: 10.1177/10556656221135926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel or rare damaging mutations have been implicated in the developmental pathogenesis of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (nsCL ± P). Thus, we investigated the human genome for high-impact mutations that could explain the risk of nsCL ± P in our cohorts. We conducted next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of 130 nsCL ± P case-parent African trios to identify pathogenic variants that contribute to the risk of clefting. We replicated this analysis using whole-exome sequence data from a Brazilian nsCL ± P cohort. Computational analyses were then used to predict the mechanism by which these variants could result in increased risks for nsCL ± P. We discovered damaging mutations within the AFDN gene, a cell adhesion molecule (CAMs) that was previously shown to contribute to cleft palate in mice. These mutations include p.Met1164Ile, p.Thr453Asn, p.Pro1638Ala, p.Arg669Gln, p.Ala1717Val, and p.Arg1596His. We also discovered a novel splicing p.Leu1588Leu mutation in this protein. Computational analysis suggests that these amino acid changes affect the interactions with other cleft-associated genes including nectins (PVRL1, PVRL2, PVRL3, and PVRL4) CDH1, CTNNA1, and CTNND1. This is the first report on the contribution of AFDN to the risk for nsCL ± P in humans. AFDN encodes AFADIN, an important CAM that forms calcium-independent complexes with nectins 1 and 4 (encoded by the genes PVRL1 and PVRL4). This discovery shows the power of NGS analysis of multiethnic cleft samples in combination with a computational approach in the understanding of the pathogenesis of nsCL ± P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waheed Awotoye
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Peter A. Mossey
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Jacqueline B. Hetmanski
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lord J.J Gowans
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Mekonen A. Eshete
- Addis Ababa University, School Medicine, Surgical Department, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Wasiu L. Adeyemo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Lagos Nigeria
| | - Azeez Alade
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Erliang Zeng
- Division of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Olawale Adamson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Lagos Nigeria
| | - Olutayo James
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Lagos Nigeria
| | - Azeez Fashina
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Lagos Nigeria
| | - Modupe O Ogunlewe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Lagos Nigeria
| | - Thirona Naicker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Chinyere Adeleke
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Tamara Busch
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mary Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Aline Petrin
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Abimbola Oladayo
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sami Kayali
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Joy Olotu
- Department of Anatomy, University of Port Harcourt
| | - Veronica Sule
- Department of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mohaned Hassan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - John Pape
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Emmanuel T. Aladenika
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Peter Donkor
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Fareed K.N. Arthur
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Solomon Obiri-Yeboah
- Department of Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Daniel K. Sabbah
- Department of Child Oral Health and Orthodontics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Pius Agbenorku
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Debashree Ray
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gyikua Plange-Rhule
- Department of Child Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Alexander Acheampong Oti
- Department of Maxillofacial Sciences, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Daniah Albokhari
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University
| | - Nara Sobreira
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University
| | | | - Terri H. Beaty
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Margaret Taub
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, and Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Azeez Butali
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Kyei-Baafour E, Kusi KA, Arthur FK, Tiendrebeogo RW, Owusu-Yeboa E, Singh SK, Friedrich S, Gerds TA, Dodoo D, Theisen M, Adu B. High opsonic phagocytosis activity and growth inhibition of merozoites are associated with RON4 antibody levels and protect against febrile malaria in Ghanaian children. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1161301. [PMID: 37197657 PMCID: PMC10183564 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1161301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Naturally acquired immunity to malaria may involve different immune mechanisms working in concert, however, their respective contributions and potential antigenic targets have not been clearly established. Here, we assessed the roles of opsonic phagocytosis and antibody-mediated merozoite growth inhibition in Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) infection outcomes in Ghanaian children. Methods The levels of merozoite opsonic phagocytosis, growth inhibition activities and six P. falciparum antigen-specific IgG of plasma samples from children (n=238, aged 0.5 to 13 years) were measured at baseline prior to the malaria seasons in southern Ghana. The children were then actively and passively followed up for febrile malaria and asymptomatic P. falciparum infection detection in a 50-week longitudinal cohort. P. falciparum infection outcome was modelled as a function of the measured immune parameters while accounting for important demographic factors. Results High plasma activity of opsonic phagocytosis [adjusted odds ratio (aOR)= 0.16; 95%CI= 0.05 - 0.50, p = 0.002], and growth inhibition (aOR=0.15; 95% CI = 0.04-0.47; p = 0.001) were individually associated with protection against febrile malaria. There was no evidence of correlation (b= 0.13; 95% CI= -0.04-0.30; p=0.14) between the two assays. IgG antibodies against MSPDBL1 correlated with opsonic phagocytosis (OP) while IgG against PfRh2a correlated with growth inhibition. Notably, IgG antibodies against RON4 correlated with both assays. Conclusion Opsonic phagocytosis and growth inhibition are protective immune mechanisms against malaria that may be acting independently to confer overall protection. Vaccines incorporating RON4 may benefit from both immune mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Kyei-Baafour
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Kwadwo Asamoah Kusi
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon Accra, Ghana
| | - Fareed K.N. Arthur
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Regis W. Tiendrebeogo
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eunice Owusu-Yeboa
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon Accra, Ghana
| | - Susheel K. Singh
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sarah Friedrich
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Thomas A. Gerds
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Dodoo
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon Accra, Ghana
| | - Michael Theisen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen and Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bright Adu
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon Accra, Ghana
- *Correspondence: Bright Adu,
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Alade AA, Buxo‐Martinez CJ, Mossey PA, Gowans LJ, Eshete MA, Adeyemo WL, Naicker T, Awotoye WA, Adeleke C, Busch T, Toraño AM, Bello CA, Soto M, Soto M, Ledesma R, Marquez M, Cordero JF, Lopez‐Del Valle LM, Salcedo MI, Debs N, Li M, Petrin A, Olotu J, Aldous C, Olutayo J, Ogunlewe MO, Abate F, Hailu T, Muhammed I, Gravem P, Deribew M, Gesses M, Hassan M, Pape J, Adeniyan OA, Obiri‐Yeboah S, Arthur FK, Oti AA, Olatosi O, Miller SE, Donkor P, Dunnwald MM, Marazita ML, Adeyemo AA, Murray JC, Butali A. Non-random distribution of deleterious mutations in the DNA and protein-binding domains of IRF6 are associated with Van Der Woude syndrome. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1355. [PMID: 32558391 PMCID: PMC7434609 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of the face occurs during the early days of intrauterine life by the formation of facial processes from the first Pharyngeal arch. Derangement in these well-organized fusion events results in Orofacial clefts (OFC). Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) is one of the most common causes of syndromic cleft lip and/or palate accounting for 2% of all cases. Mutations in the IRF6 gene account for 70% of cases with the majority of these mutations located in the DNA-binding (exon 3, 4) or protein-binding domains (exon 7-9). The current study was designed to update the list of IRF6 variants reported for VWS by compiling all the published mutations from 2013 to date as well as including the previously unreported VWS cases from Africa and Puerto Rico. METHODS We used PubMed with the search terms; "Van der Woude syndrome," "Popliteal pterygium syndrome," "IRF6," and "Orofacial cleft" to identify eligible studies. We compiled the CADD score for all the mutations to determine the percentage of deleterious variants. RESULTS Twenty-one new mutations were identified from nine papers. The majority of these mutations were in exon 4. Mutations in exon 3 and 4 had CADD scores between 20 and 30 and mutations in exon 7-9 had CADD scores between 30 and 40. The presence of higher CADD scores in the protein-binding domain (exon 7-9) further confirms the crucial role played by this domain in the function of IRF6. In the new cases, we identified five IRF6 mutations, three novel missense mutations (p.Phe36Tyr, p.Lys109Thr, and p.Gln438Leu), and two previously reported nonsense mutations (p.Ser424*and p.Arg250*). CONCLUSION Mutations in the protein and DNA-binding domains of IRF6 ranked among the top 0.1% and 1% most deleterious genetic mutations, respectively. Overall, these findings expand the range of VWS mutations and are important for diagnostic and counseling purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azeez A. Alade
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and MedicineCollege of DentistryUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health ResearchUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
- Department of EpidemiologyCollege of Public HealthUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - Carmen J. Buxo‐Martinez
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics CoreUniversity of Puerto Rico School of Dental MedicineSan JuanPuerto Rico
| | - Peter A. Mossey
- Department of OrthodonticsUniversity of DundeeDundeeUnited Kingdom
| | - Lord J.J. Gowans
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | | | - Wasiu L. Adeyemo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity of LagosLagosNigeria
| | - Thirona Naicker
- School of clinical medicineKwaZulu‐Natal UniversityDurbanSouth Africa
| | - Waheed A. Awotoye
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and MedicineCollege of DentistryUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health ResearchUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - Chinyere Adeleke
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and MedicineCollege of DentistryUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - Tamara Busch
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and MedicineCollege of DentistryUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health ResearchUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - Ada M. Toraño
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics CoreUniversity of Puerto Rico School of Dental MedicineSan JuanPuerto Rico
| | - Carolina A. Bello
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics CoreUniversity of Puerto Rico School of Dental MedicineSan JuanPuerto Rico
| | - Mairim Soto
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics CoreUniversity of Puerto Rico School of Dental MedicineSan JuanPuerto Rico
| | - Marilyn Soto
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics CoreUniversity of Puerto Rico School of Dental MedicineSan JuanPuerto Rico
| | - Ricardo Ledesma
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics CoreUniversity of Puerto Rico School of Dental MedicineSan JuanPuerto Rico
| | - Myrellis Marquez
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics CoreUniversity of Puerto Rico School of Dental MedicineSan JuanPuerto Rico
| | - Jose F. Cordero
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics CoreUniversity of Puerto Rico School of Dental MedicineSan JuanPuerto Rico
| | - Lydia M. Lopez‐Del Valle
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics CoreUniversity of Puerto Rico School of Dental MedicineSan JuanPuerto Rico
| | - Maria I. Salcedo
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics CoreUniversity of Puerto Rico School of Dental MedicineSan JuanPuerto Rico
| | - Natalio Debs
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics CoreUniversity of Puerto Rico School of Dental MedicineSan JuanPuerto Rico
| | - Mary Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and MedicineCollege of DentistryUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health ResearchUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - Aline Petrin
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health ResearchUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - Joy Olotu
- Department of AnatomyUniversity of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria
| | - Colleen Aldous
- School of clinical medicineKwaZulu‐Natal UniversityDurbanSouth Africa
| | - James Olutayo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity of LagosLagosNigeria
| | - Modupe O. Ogunlewe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity of LagosLagosNigeria
| | - Fekir Abate
- School of Public HealthAddis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia
| | - Taye Hailu
- School of Public HealthAddis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia
| | - Ibrahim Muhammed
- School of Public HealthAddis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia
| | - Paul Gravem
- School of Public HealthAddis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia
| | - Milliard Deribew
- School of Public HealthAddis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia
| | - Mulualem Gesses
- School of Public HealthAddis Ababa UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia
| | - Mohaned Hassan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and MedicineCollege of DentistryUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health ResearchUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - John Pape
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and MedicineCollege of DentistryUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - Oluwole A. Adeniyan
- NHS Foundation Trust, (Queens Hospital, Burton‐On‐Trent)StaffordshireUnited Kingdom
| | - Solomon Obiri‐Yeboah
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - Fareed K.N. Arthur
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - Alexander A. Oti
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | | | - Sara E. Miller
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health ResearchUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - Peter Donkor
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | | | - Mary L. Marazita
- Oral BiologyHuman GeneticsUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA
| | | | | | - Azeez Butali
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and MedicineCollege of DentistryUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health ResearchUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
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