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Thiab S, Barakat M, Nassar RI, Abutaima R, Alsughaier A, Thaher R, Odeh F, Dayyih WA. Knowledge, attitude, and perception of energy drinks consumption among university students in Jordan. J Nutr Sci 2023; 12:e109. [PMID: 37964975 PMCID: PMC10641699 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Energy drinks gained popularity after the launch of Red Bull in 1997. Different brands are now available and young adults mainly consume these drinks. This study assesses the knowledge, attitude, and perception of energy drink consumption among university students in Jordan. A validated online survey was used to collect the required data, extracted from Google Forms into an Excel spreadsheet and statistically analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24.0. A nationally representative sample of university students with a mean age of 22⋅2 ± 3⋅9 years (n 749) was obtained. The participating students demonstrated a neutral level of knowledge about energy drinks, as the mean score of knowledge = 7⋅1 ± 2⋅2 (out of 12), with 66 % (n 498) of them having consumed energy drinks and experienced their effects. Generally, the study's participants demonstrated a neutral attitude towards energy drinks and 70⋅5 % (n 528) acknowledged that energy drinks increase activity, but more than 70 % of them believed that energy drinks have harmful side effects. It was found that there is a significant (P-value <0⋅5) positive correlation between knowledge score and female gender, studying a medical major, and monthly income. The main reasons for consuming energy drinks were reported to be: to stay awake for longer, help study, and become more energetic. There is a need for more structured awareness campaigns to warn students about the possible side effects of these products in order to reduce the consumption and popularity of these drinks among students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Thiab
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Muna Barakat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Razan I. Nassar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rana Abutaima
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa Private University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | | | | | - Faten Odeh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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Al-Zoubi N, Odeh F, Partheniadis I, Gharaibeh S, Nikolakakis I. Spray drying of naproxen and naproxen sodium for improved tableting and dissolution - physicochemical characterization and compression performance. Pharm Dev Technol 2020; 26:193-208. [PMID: 33211618 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2020.1853769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the tabletability and dissolution of spray-dried forms of naproxen and its sodium salt were compared with those of unprocessed drugs. Solutions of naproxen or naproxen sodium alone or with HPMC (5% w/w of drug content) were spray dried. Scanning electron micrographs showed that naproxen sodium spray-dried particles were spherical, whereas those of naproxen were non-spherical but isodiametric. Powder x-ray diffraction and thermal analysis indicated that co-spray drying with HPMC resulted in reduced crystallinity of naproxen and higher naproxen sodium dihydrate content. FTIR and Raman analysis showed shifting, merging or elimination of bands in the spectra of the co-spray dried products signifying solid-state alterations. When mixed with suitable processing aids (7% w/w), all co-spray dried powders produced satisfactory tablets in the pressure range 73-295 MPa. Conversely, physical mixtures of naproxen compressed with the same aids failed tableting, whereas naproxen sodium produced weak tablets. Dissolution tests showed significant improvement for co-spray dried drugs tablets. Therefore, since the large therapeutic doses of naproxen and sodium naproxen limit the use of tableting aids, the improved compaction and dissolution performance of the spray-dried forms may be a formulation alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nizar Al-Zoubi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Faten Odeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ioannis Partheniadis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Ioannis Nikolakakis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Abu-Dahab R, Odeh F, Ismail SI, Azzam H, Al Bawab A. Preparation, characterization and antiproliferative activity of thymoquinone-beta-cyclodextrin self assembling nanoparticles. Pharmazie 2013; 68:939-944. [PMID: 24400439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Thymoquinone (TQ) was complexed with beta-cyclodextrin (CD) to form nanosized aggregates. Various TQ:CD ratios were tested and it was found that the ratio of (1:0.25) TQ:CD formed distinguishable nanoparticles with minimum toxicity towards normal cells. These nanoparticles had an average size of 445 +/- 100 nm with a charge 21.8 mV using Zeta-sizer. Particle size measurement using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed an average size of 400 nm and it also revealed the presence of smaller structures, with an average size of 50 nm. The in vitro antiproliferative activity on MCF7 cells was determined using MTT assay and an IC50 of 4.70 +/- 0.60 microM for TQ-CD nanoparticles in comparison to 24.09 +/- 2.35 microM of free TQ solution after 72 h of incubation. Simultaneously, TQ-CD nanoparticles showed lesser toxicity than TQ solution using human periodontal fibroblasts as a model for normal cells. It could be concluded from the results that TQ loaded cyclodextrin nanoparticles might serve as a potential nanocarrier to improve TQ solubility as well as its antiproliferative activity with little toxicity to normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Abu-Dahab
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | - F Odeh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - S I Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - H Azzam
- Hamdi Mango Center for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - A Al Bawab
- Department of Chemistry, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Boy J, Schmidt T, Schumann U, Horst J, Leergaard TB, Odeh F, Nuber S, Beck S, Holzmann C, Ibrahim S, Grasshoff U, Schmitt I, Zimmermann F, Seeliger M, Prusiner S, Bjaalie JG, Rieß O. Are neurodegerative processes in SCA3 reversible? A study using transgenic mouse models. Akt Neurol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-987449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Boy J, Schmidt T, Leergaard T, Odeh F, Nuber S, Holzmann C, Ibrahim S, Schmitt I, Prusiner S, Bjaalie J, Rieß O, Boy J. Inducible expression of ataxin-3 in a transgenic mouse model for Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3. Akt Neurol 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-953110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Boy J, Schmidt T, Leergaard T, Odeh F, Nuber S, Holzmann C, Ibrahim S, Grasshoff U, Schmitt I, Zimmermann F, Prusiner S, Bjaalie J, Rieß O. Analysis of an inducible mouse model for spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. Akt Neurol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-919544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Bjaalie JG, Leergaard TB, Lillehaug S, Odeh F, Moene IA, Kjode JO, Darin D. Database and tools for analysis of topographic organization and map transformations in major projection systems of the brain. Neuroscience 2005; 136:681-95. [PMID: 16344144 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2005] [Revised: 05/25/2005] [Accepted: 06/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Integration of dispersed and complicated information collected from the brain is needed to build new knowledge. But integration may be hampered by rigid presentation formats, diversity of data formats among laboratories, and lack of access to lower level data. We have addressed some of the fundamental issues related to this challenge at the level of anatomical data, by producing a coordinate based digital atlas and database application for a major projection system in the rat brain: the cerebro-ponto-cerebellar system. This application, Functional Anatomy of the Cerebro-Cerebellar System in rat (FACCS), is available via the Rodent Brain WorkBench (http://www.rbwb.org). The data included are x,y,z-coordinate lists describing exact distributions of tissue elements (axonal terminal fields of axons, or cell bodies) that are labeled with axonal tracing techniques. All data are translated to a common local coordinate system to facilitate across animal comparison. A search capability allows queries based on, e.g. location of tracer injection sites, tracer category, size of the injection sites, and contributing author. A graphic search tool allows the user to move a volume cursor inside a coordinate system to detect particular injection sites having connections to a specific tissue volume at chosen density levels. Tools for visualization and analysis of selected data are included, as well as an option to download individual data sets for further analysis. With this application, data and metadata from different experiments are mapped into the same information structure and made available for re-use and re-analysis in novel combinations. The application is prepared for future handling of data from other projection systems as well as other data categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Bjaalie
- Neural Systems and Graphics Computing Laboratory, Centre for Molecular Biology and Neuroscience & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1105 Blindern, N-0317 Oslo, Norway.
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Abstract
It is now established that stimulation of the ventrolateral midbrain periaqueductal grey (PAG) evokes inhibition of nociceptive spinal neurons, which results in analgesia and a powerful attenuation of pain behaviour. It is postulated that the PAG exerts this inhibitory effect on spinal nociceptive functions through the activation of descending serotonergic and noradrenergic pathways that arise from the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) and pontine noradrenergic nuclei. To investigate the neuroanatomical substrate of this functional link between the PAG and RVM, as well as the pontine noradrenergic nuclei in the rat, we labelled axons that project from the ventrolateral PAG to various regions of the pons and medulla oblongata using the anterograde tracing substance, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin. We demonstrated that some of PAG efferents really do terminate in the RVM and pontine noradrenergic nuclei, but a substantial proportion of them project to the intermediate subdivision of the pontobulbar reticular formation. Combining the axonal tracing with serotonin- and tyrosine-hydroxylase-immunohistochemistry, we also found that, in contrast to previous results, PAG efferents make relatively few appositions with serotonin- and tyrosine-hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons in the RVM and pontine noradrenergic nuclei; most of them terminate in nonimmunoreactive territories. The results suggest that the ventrolateral PAG may activate a complex pontobulbar neuronal assembly including neurons in the intermediate subdivision of the pontobulbar reticular formation, serotonin- and tyrosine-hydroxylase-immunoreactive and nonimmunoreactive neurons in the RVM and pontine noradrenergic nuclei. This pontobulbar neural circuitry, then, may mediate the PAG-evoked activities towards the spinal dorsal horn resulting in the inhibition of spinal nociceptive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Odeh
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4012 Hungary
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Odeh F. [Pathogenesis and prognosis of pyoderma gangrenosum (dermatitis ulcerosa) (author's transl)]. Z Hautkr 1981; 56:1572-7. [PMID: 7324517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The diagnosis of p. g. is based on clinical appearance. P. g. is frequently associated with systemic disease. This paper presents 23 cases of p. g. associated with other sufferings and a review of the Literature in which pathogenesis, prognosis, age and sex of this cutaneous disorder are standing in foreground for a discussion.
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Odeh F. [Sweet syndrome in systemic diseases (authors transl)]. Z Hautkr 1981; 56:1081-8. [PMID: 6945766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Two patients with Sweet syndrome, in one patient - a 78 years old women - a chronic myeloid leukemia was found in addition. In the other case, a 69 years old man suffered from rheumatism. In the infiltrate giant cells of the epitheloid type were found.
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Odeh F. [Angiokeratoma corporis circumscriptum naeviforme associated with angiodysplasia (Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome)]. Z Hautkr 1979; 54:701-6. [PMID: 225899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Bacman O, Odeh F, Jacobs A, Walkowsky A, Schubert GE. [Primary angiosarcoma of the breast and the Stewart-Treves syndrome]. Med Welt 1979; 30:441-5. [PMID: 570629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Odeh F. [Syringomas and their unusual localization]. Z Hautkr 1976; 51:251-6. [PMID: 969819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Abstract
Case description: a 34-year-old female with the constellation of bullous pyoderma gangrenosum, Mondor’s disease, Koebner phenomenon and pleuropneumonia. Steroid therapy was successful.
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Odeh F, Goos M. [Histopathology of Favre-Chaix angiodermatitis]. Z Haut Geschlechtskr 1972; 47:147-54. [PMID: 5027020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Odeh F. [Physiological variations of capillary resistance]. Zentralbl Phlebol 1970; 9:87-104. [PMID: 5484287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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