1
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Hamilton BR, Lima G, Barrett J, Seal L, Kolliari-Turner A, Wang G, Karanikolou A, Bigard X, Löllgen H, Zupet P, Ionescu A, Debruyne A, Jones N, Vonbank K, Fagnani F, Fossati C, Casasco M, Constantinou D, Wolfarth B, Niederseer D, Bosch A, Muniz-Pardos B, Casajus JA, Schneider C, Loland S, Verroken M, Marqueta PM, Arroyo F, Pedrinelli A, Natsis K, Verhagen E, Roberts WO, Lazzoli JK, Friedman R, Erdogan A, Cintron AV, Yung SHP, Janse van Rensburg DC, Ramagole DA, Rozenstoka S, Drummond F, Papadopoulou T, Kumi PYO, Twycross-Lewis R, Harper J, Skiadas V, Shurlock J, Tanisawa K, Seto J, North K, Angadi SS, Martinez-Patiño MJ, Borjesson M, Di Luigi L, Dohi M, Swart J, Bilzon JLJ, Badtieva V, Zelenkova I, Steinacker JM, Bachl N, Pigozzi F, Geistlinger M, Goulis DG, Guppy F, Webborn N, Yildiz BO, Miller M, Singleton P, Pitsiladis YP. Correction to: Integrating Transwomen and Female Athletes with Differences of Sex Development (DSD) into Elite Competition: The FIMS 2021 Consensus Statement. Sports Med 2021; 51:1417-1418. [PMID: 33835352 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-021-01467-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Blair R Hamilton
- Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK.,The Gender Identity Clinic Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Giscard Lima
- Centre for Exercise Sciences and Sports Medicine, FIMS Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, Rome, Italy.,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - James Barrett
- The Gender Identity Clinic Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Leighton Seal
- The Gender Identity Clinic Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Guan Wang
- Sport and Exercise Science and Sports Medicine Research and Enterprise Group, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Antonia Karanikolou
- Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Xavier Bigard
- Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), Aigle, Switzerland.,European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Herbert Löllgen
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Petra Zupet
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anca Ionescu
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andre Debruyne
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nigel Jones
- British Association Sport and Exercise Medicine, Doncaster, UK.,British Cycling and University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Karin Vonbank
- Department of Pneumology, Pulmonary Function Laboratory, Medicine Clinic (KIMII), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Federica Fagnani
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Fossati
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.,Villa Stuart Sport Clinic, FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Casasco
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Italian Federation of Sports Medicine (FMSI), Rome, Italy
| | - Demitri Constantinou
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Centre for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Bernd Wolfarth
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Sports Medicine, Humboldt University and Charité University School of Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Niederseer
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University Heart Centre, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Bosch
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Borja Muniz-Pardos
- GENUD Research Group, FIMS Collaborating Center of Sports Medicine, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Antonio Casajus
- GENUD Research Group, FIMS Collaborating Center of Sports Medicine, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Christian Schneider
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Orthopaedic Center Theresie, Munich, Germany
| | - Sigmund Loland
- Department of Sport and Social Sciences, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michele Verroken
- Centre of Research and Innovation for Sport, Technology and Law (CRISTAL), De Montfort University, Leicester, UK.,Sporting Integrity Ltd, Stoke Mandeville, UK
| | - Pedro Manonelles Marqueta
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Sports Medicine, San Antonio Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Arroyo
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,FIMS Collaborating Center of Sports Medicine, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - André Pedrinelli
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopaedics, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Konstantinos Natsis
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Interbalkan Medical Center, FIMS Collaborating Center of Sports Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Department of Anatomy and Surgical Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - William O Roberts
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - José Kawazoe Lazzoli
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University Medical School, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Friedman
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Endocrine Unit, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ali Erdogan
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Gloria Sports Arena, FIMS Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ana V Cintron
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Puerto Rico Sports Medicine Federation, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Shu-Hang Patrick Yung
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Asian Federation of Sports Medicine (AFSM), Hong Kong Center of Sports Medicine and Sports Science, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Dimakatso A Ramagole
- Section Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sandra Rozenstoka
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,FIMS Collaboration Centre of Sports Medicine, Sports laboratory, Riga, Latvia
| | - Felix Drummond
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,FIMS Collaboration Centre of Sports Medicine, Instituto de Medicina do Esporte, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Theodora Papadopoulou
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Defence Medical Rehabilitation Centre, Stanford Hall, Loughborough, UK
| | - Paulette Y O Kumi
- Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Richard Twycross-Lewis
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Joanna Harper
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | | | | | - Kumpei Tanisawa
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Jane Seto
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kathryn North
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Siddhartha S Angadi
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Education and Human Development, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - Mats Borjesson
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Center for Health and Performance, Goteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra, Region of Western Sweden, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Luigi Di Luigi
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Michiko Dohi
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Sport Medical Center, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeroen Swart
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,UCT Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - James Lee John Bilzon
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Victoriya Badtieva
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Moscow Research and Practical Center for Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Zelenkova
- GENUD Research Group, FIMS Collaborating Center of Sports Medicine, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juergen M Steinacker
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Norbert Bachl
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Sports Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Institute of Sports Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fabio Pigozzi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.,European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Villa Stuart Sport Clinic, FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Rome, Italy
| | - Michael Geistlinger
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Unit of International Law, Department of Constitutional, International and European Law, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Fergus Guppy
- Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Nick Webborn
- School of Sport and Service Management, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK
| | - Bulent O Yildiz
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mike Miller
- World Olympian Association, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Yannis P Pitsiladis
- Centre for Exercise Sciences and Sports Medicine, FIMS Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, Rome, Italy. .,Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK. .,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy. .,European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland. .,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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2
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Hamilton BR, Lima G, Barrett J, Seal L, Kolliari-Turner A, Wang G, Karanikolou A, Bigard X, Löllgen H, Zupet P, Ionescu A, Debruyne A, Jones N, Vonbank K, Fagnani F, Fossati C, Casasco M, Constantinou D, Wolfarth B, Niederseer D, Bosch A, Muniz-Pardos B, Casajus JA, Schneider C, Loland S, Verroken M, Marqueta PM, Arroyo F, Pedrinelli A, Natsis K, Verhagen E, Roberts WO, Lazzoli JK, Friedman R, Erdogan A, Cintron AV, Yung SHP, Janse van Rensburg DC, Ramagole DA, Rozenstoka S, Drummond F, Papadopoulou T, Kumi PYO, Twycross-Lewis R, Harper J, Skiadas V, Shurlock J, Tanisawa K, Seto J, North K, Angadi SS, Martinez-Patiño MJ, Borjesson M, Di Luigi L, Dohi M, Swart J, Bilzon JLJ, Badtieva V, Zelenkova I, Steinacker JM, Bachl N, Pigozzi F, Geistlinger M, Goulis DG, Guppy F, Webborn N, Yildiz BO, Miller M, Singleton P, Pitsiladis YP. Integrating Transwomen and Female Athletes with Differences of Sex Development (DSD) into Elite Competition: The FIMS 2021 Consensus Statement. Sports Med 2021; 51:1401-1415. [PMID: 33761127 PMCID: PMC7988249 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-021-01451-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Sport is historically designated by the binary categorization of male and female that conflicts with modern society. Sport’s governing bodies should consider reviewing rules determining the eligibility of athletes in the female category as there may be lasting advantages of previously high testosterone concentrations for transwomen athletes and currently high testosterone concentrations in differences in sex development (DSD) athletes. The use of serum testosterone concentrations to regulate the inclusion of such athletes into the elite female category is currently the objective biomarker that is supported by most available scientific literature, but it has limitations due to the lack of sports performance data before, during or after testosterone suppression. Innovative research studies are needed to identify other biomarkers of testosterone sensitivity/responsiveness, including molecular tools to determine the functional status of androgen receptors. The scientific community also needs to conduct longitudinal studies with specific control groups to generate the biological and sports performance data for individual sports to inform the fair inclusion or exclusion of these athletes. Eligibility of each athlete to a sport-specific policy needs to be based on peer-reviewed scientific evidence made available to policymakers from all scientific communities. However, even the most evidence-based regulations are unlikely to eliminate all differences in performance between cisgender women with and without DSD and transwomen athletes. Any remaining advantage held by transwomen or DSD women could be considered as part of the athlete’s unique makeup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blair R Hamilton
- Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
- The Gender Identity Clinic Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Giscard Lima
- Centre for Exercise Sciences and Sports Medicine, FIMS Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, Rome, Italy
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - James Barrett
- The Gender Identity Clinic Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Leighton Seal
- The Gender Identity Clinic Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Guan Wang
- Sport and Exercise Science and Sports Medicine Research and Enterprise Group, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Antonia Karanikolou
- Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Xavier Bigard
- Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), Aigle, Switzerland
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Herbert Löllgen
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Petra Zupet
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anca Ionescu
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andre Debruyne
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nigel Jones
- British Association Sport and Exercise Medicine, Doncaster, UK
- British Cycling and University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Karin Vonbank
- Department of Pneumology, Pulmonary Function Laboratory, Medicine Clinic (KIMII), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Federica Fagnani
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Fossati
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
- Villa Stuart Sport Clinic, FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Casasco
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Italian Federation of Sports Medicine (FMSI), Rome, Italy
| | - Demitri Constantinou
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Bernd Wolfarth
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Sports Medicine, Humboldt University and Charité University School of Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Niederseer
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, University Heart Centre, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Bosch
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Borja Muniz-Pardos
- GENUD Research Group, FIMS Collaborating Center of Sports Medicine, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Antonio Casajus
- GENUD Research Group, FIMS Collaborating Center of Sports Medicine, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Christian Schneider
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Orthopaedic Center Theresie, Munich, Germany
| | - Sigmund Loland
- Department of Sport and Social Sciences, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michele Verroken
- Centre of Research and Innovation for Sport, Technology and Law (CRISTAL), De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
- Sporting Integrity Ltd, Stoke Mandeville, UK
| | - Pedro Manonelles Marqueta
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Sports Medicine, San Antonio Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Arroyo
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- FIMS Collaborating Center of Sports Medicine, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - André Pedrinelli
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Konstantinos Natsis
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Interbalkan Medical Center, FIMS Collaborating Center of Sports Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Anatomy and Surgical Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - William O Roberts
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - José Kawazoe Lazzoli
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University Medical School, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Friedman
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Endocrine Unit, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ali Erdogan
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Gloria Sports Arena, FIMS Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ana V Cintron
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Puerto Rico Sports Medicine Federation, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Shu-Hang Patrick Yung
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Asian Federation of Sports Medicine (AFSM), Hong Kong Center of Sports Medicine and Sports Science, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Dimakatso A Ramagole
- Section Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sandra Rozenstoka
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- FIMS Collaboration Centre of Sports Medicine, Sports laboratory, Riga, Latvia
| | - Felix Drummond
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- FIMS Collaboration Centre of Sports Medicine, Instituto de Medicina do Esporte, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Theodora Papadopoulou
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Defence Medical Rehabilitation Centre, Stanford Hall, Loughborough, UK
| | - Paulette Y O Kumi
- Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Richard Twycross-Lewis
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Joanna Harper
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | | | | | - Kumpei Tanisawa
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Jane Seto
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kathryn North
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Siddhartha S Angadi
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Education and Human Development, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - Mats Borjesson
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Center for Health and Performance, Goteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra, Region of Western Sweden, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Luigi Di Luigi
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Michiko Dohi
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Sport Medical Center, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeroen Swart
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- UCT Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - James Lee John Bilzon
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Victoriya Badtieva
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Moscow Research and Practical Center for Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Zelenkova
- GENUD Research Group, FIMS Collaborating Center of Sports Medicine, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juergen M Steinacker
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Norbert Bachl
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Sports Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Institute of Sports Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fabio Pigozzi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Villa Stuart Sport Clinic, FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Rome, Italy
| | - Michael Geistlinger
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Unit of International Law, Department of Constitutional, International and European Law, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Fergus Guppy
- Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Nick Webborn
- School of Sport and Service Management, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK
| | - Bulent O Yildiz
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mike Miller
- World Olympian Association, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Yannis P Pitsiladis
- Centre for Exercise Sciences and Sports Medicine, FIMS Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, Rome, Italy.
- Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK.
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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3
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Hamilton BR, Martinez-Patiño MJ, Barrett J, Seal L, Tucker R, Papadopoulou T, Bigard X, Kolliari-Turner A, Löllgen H, Zupet P, Ionescu A, Debruyne A, Jones N, Steinacker JM, Vonbank K, Lima G, Fagnani F, Fossati C, Di Luigi L, Pigozzi F, Casasco M, Geistlinger M, Wolfarth B, Seto JT, Bachl N, Twycross-Lewis R, Niederseer D, Bosch A, Swart J, Constantinou D, Muniz-Pardos B, Casajus JA, Badtieva V, Zelenkova I, Bilzon JLJ, Dohi M, Schneider C, Loland S, Verroken M, Marqueta PM, Arroyo F, Pedrinelli A, Natsis K, Verhagen E, Roberts WO, Lazzoli JK, Friedman R, Erdogan A, Cintron AV, Yung SHP, van Rensburg DCJ, Ramagole DA, Rozenstoka S, Drummond F, Webborn N, Guppy FM, Pitsiladis YP. Response to the United Nations Human Rights Council's Report on Race and Gender Discrimination in Sport: An Expression of Concern and a Call to Prioritise Research. Sports Med 2020; 51:839-842. [PMID: 33289907 PMCID: PMC7721858 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-020-01380-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Blair R Hamilton
- Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK.,Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK.,The Gender Identity Clinic Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - James Barrett
- The Gender Identity Clinic Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Leighton Seal
- The Gender Identity Clinic Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Theodora Papadopoulou
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,British Association Sport and Exercise Medicine, Doncaster, UK.,Defense Medical Rehabilitation Centre (DMRC), Loughborough, UK
| | - Xavier Bigard
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), Aigle, Switzerland
| | | | - Herbert Löllgen
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Petra Zupet
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anca Ionescu
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andre Debruyne
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nigel Jones
- British Association Sport and Exercise Medicine, Doncaster, UK.,British Cycling and University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Juergen M Steinacker
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Karin Vonbank
- Department of Pneumology, Pulmonary Function Laboratory, Medicine Clinic (KIMII), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giscard Lima
- Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK.,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Fagnani
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Fossati
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.,Villa Stuart Sport Clinic, FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Di Luigi
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Pigozzi
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.,Villa Stuart Sport Clinic, FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Casasco
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Italian Federation of Sports Medicine (FMSI), Rome, Italy
| | - Michael Geistlinger
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Unit International Law, Department of Constitutional, International and European Law, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Bernd Wolfarth
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Sports Medicine, Humboldt University and Charité University School of Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jane T Seto
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Norbert Bachl
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Sports Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Institute of Sports Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Twycross-Lewis
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - David Niederseer
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich University Heart Centre, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew Bosch
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jeroen Swart
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Demitri Constantinou
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Centre for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Borja Muniz-Pardos
- GENUD Research Group, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Antonio Casajus
- GENUD Research Group, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Victoriya Badtieva
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Moscow Research and Practical Centre for Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Zelenkova
- GENUD Research Group, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - James L J Bilzon
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,British Association Sport and Exercise Medicine, Doncaster, UK.,Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Michiko Dohi
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Sport Medical Center, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christian Schneider
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Orthopaedic Center Theresie, Munich, Germany
| | - Sigmund Loland
- Institute of Sport and Social Sciences, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michele Verroken
- Sporting Integrity Ltd, Stoke Mandeville, UK.,Centre of Research and Innovation for Sport, Technology and Law (CRISTAL), Faculty of Business and Law, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Francisco Arroyo
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,FIMS Collaborating Center of Sports Medicine, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - André Pedrinelli
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Orthopaedics, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Konstantinos Natsis
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Intebalkan Medical Centre, FIMS Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration On Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - William O Roberts
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - José Kawazoe Lazzoli
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University Medical School, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Friedman
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Endocrine Unit, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ali Erdogan
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Gloria Sports Arena, FIMS Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ana V Cintron
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Puerto Rico Sports Medicine Federation, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Shu-Hang Patrick Yung
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Asian Federation of Sports Medicine (AFSM), Hong Kong Center of Sports Medicine and Sports Science, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dina C Janse van Rensburg
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Section Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Dimakatso A Ramagole
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Section Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sandra Rozenstoka
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,FIMS Collaboration Centre of Sports Medicine, Sports Laboratory, Riga, Latvia
| | - Felix Drummond
- European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland.,FIMS Collaboration Centre of Sports Medicine, Instituto de Medicina Do Esporte, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nick Webborn
- School of Sport and Service Management, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK
| | - Fergus M Guppy
- Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK.,Centre for Stress and Age-Related Disease, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK
| | - Yannis P Pitsiladis
- Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, UK. .,European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations (EFSMA), Lausanne, Switzerland. .,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.
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4
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Jamieson C, Ozolina L, Seaton RA, Gilchrist M, Hills T, Drummond F, Wilkinson AS. Assessment of the stability of citrate-buffered piperacillin/tazobactam for continuous infusion when stored in two commercially available elastomeric devices for outpatient parenteral antimicrobial chemotherapy: a study compliant with the NHS Yellow Cover Document requirements. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2020; 29:212-216. [PMID: 32978220 PMCID: PMC9251159 DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2020-002340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the effect of pH control through the use of a citrate-buffered saline diluent pH 7 on the degradation rate of piperacillin/tazobactam solutions for infusion and to determine if an extended shelf-life of up to 13 days fridge 2°C–8°C plus 24 hours ‘in-use’ at 32°C in two elastomeric devices: FOLFusor LV10 (Baxter Healthcare, Thetford, UK) and Easypump II (B. Braun Medical Ltd, Sheffield, UK) can be achieved. Methods Testing was as per the latest National Health Service (NHS) Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Committee Yellow Cover Document (YCD) requirements. A validated stability indicating high-performance liquid chromatography method was used for assessing the stability of the solutions of piperacillin/tazobactam at a combined concentration of 25 mg/mL and 90 mg/mL respectively. Solutions were tested in two batches in replicate (n=3) at five time points according to the requirements of the YCD. Results Piperacillin/tazobactam stability was significantly improved when 0.3% w/v citrate-buffered saline pH 7 was used as the diluent, compared with using 0.9% w/v saline as diluent. Greater than 95% of the zero-time concentration of both actives remained following storage at 2°C–8°C for up to 13 days plus 24 hours at 32°C in both devices. The data support extended storage of up to 13 days 2°C–8°C plus 24 hours at 32°C ‘in-use’ when using FOLFusor LV10 (Baxter) or Easypump II (B. Braun) pump devices. Conclusions The enhanced stability complies with UK national standards as stated in the YCD for stability testing of aseptically produced small molecules and supports the storage of piperacillin/tazobactam for up to 13 days 2°C–8°C plus 24 hours at 32°C ‘in-use’ within two elastomeric pump devices. The extended shelf-life provides a significant advantage over the stability of piperacillin/tazobactam solutions for infusion when reconstituted and diluted in 0.9% w/v saline as diluent. The data open up the possibility of a continuous infusion of piperacillin/tazobactam delivered by elastomeric pump devices over 24 hours in an outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor Jamieson
- Pharmacy Department, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Laima Ozolina
- R&D, Biopharma Stability Testing Laboratory Ltd, Nottingham, UK
| | - R Andrew Seaton
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mark Gilchrist
- Department of Pharmacy/Infection, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Tim Hills
- Pharmacy Department and OPAT Service, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - F Drummond
- British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Birmingham, UK
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5
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6
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Burns R, Drummond F, Sullivan F, O'Neill C, Sharp L. Should the Republic of Ireland introduce a national prostate-specific antigen testing programme for the secondary detection of prostate cancer? Results from a population-based cost-effectiveness analysis. Eur J Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(17)30464-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Cashin K, Gray LR, Harvey KL, Perez-Bercoff D, Lee GQ, Sterjovski J, Roche M, Demarest JK, Drummond F, Harrigan R, Churchill MJ, Gorry PR. 009.3 Relibale genotypic tropism tests for the major hiv-1 subtypes. Br J Vener Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052270.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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8
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Burgt GM, Drummond F, Crawshaw T, Morris S. An outbreak of tuberculosis in Lleyn sheep in the UK associated with clinical signs. Vet rec case rep 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr.101048rep] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. M. Burgt
- AHVLA LuddingtonStratford upon AvonWarwickshireUK
| | | | | | - S. Morris
- Alnorthumbria Veterinary PracticeAlnwickUK
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9
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Abstract
This case report describes an outbreak of Mycobacterium bovis infection a Lleyn sheep flock associated with clinical signs of illthrift. There was no known direct contact with tuberculous cattle although bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is endemic in the area. The spoligotype isolated from the diseased sheep was the local spoligotype. The repeated use of the comparative intradermal tuberculin test, and the subsequent removal of reactor animals, resulted in apparent elimination of bTB from the flock. Lesions caused by M bovis in sheep may contain very few acid-fast bacilli, and gross lesions may resemble those found in cases of Caseous Lymphadenitis. Routine meat inspection may, therefore, not always easily detect this notifiable disease.
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10
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Drummond F, Ryder N, Wand H, Guy R, Read P, McNulty AM, Wray L, Donovan B. Is azithromycin adequate treatment for asymptomatic rectal chlamydia? Int J STD AIDS 2011; 22:478-80. [DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2011.010490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Rectal chlamydia is a common sexually transmissible infection (STI) in men who have sex with men (MSM) that is predominantly asymptomatic. The recommended treatment of azithromycin 1 g as a single oral dose has not been subject to randomized trials and so its efficacy is unknown. We conducted a retrospective case-note review of all MSM diagnosed at the Sydney Sexual Health Centre with asymptomatic rectal chlamydia in 2009. We identified 116 MSM who received azithromycin; 85 (73%) attended for the recommended re-test at varying times (median 78 days, range 21–372 days). Of the men who returned, 11 (13%) had a persistently positive result; we reviewed behavioural data to classify these men as probable re-infections (6/11) or possible treatment failures (5/11), suggesting an efficacy of 94%. Until a randomized controlled trial (RCT) is conducted, patients with rectal chlamydia should be encouraged to attend for a re-test at 6–12 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Drummond
- The Kirby Institute, University of NSW
- Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, Sydney
| | - N Ryder
- Sexual Health and Blood Borne Virus Unit, Centre for Disease Control, Darwin
| | - H Wand
- The Kirby Institute, University of NSW
| | - R Guy
- The Kirby Institute, University of NSW
| | - P Read
- Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, Sydney
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - A M McNulty
- Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, Sydney
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - L Wray
- Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, Sydney
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - B Donovan
- The Kirby Institute, University of NSW
- Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, Sydney
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11
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Drummond F, Ryder N, Wand H, Guy R, Read P, McNulty A, Wray L, Donovan B. O3-S4.02 Is single dose azithromycin adequate for asymptomatic rectal chlamydia? Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050109.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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12
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Drummond F, Lewis L, Bourne C, Ramanathan V, Hocking J, Wand H, Donovan B, Kaldor J, Guy R. P1-S6.32 Optimising clinical systems to increase HIV/STI testing in gay men: the eTEST project. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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13
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Wright EJ, Grund B, Robertson K, Brew BJ, Roediger M, Bain MP, Drummond F, Vjecha MJ, Hoy J, Miller C, Penalva de Oliveira AC, Pumpradit W, Shlay JC, El-Sadr W, Price RW. Cardiovascular risk factors associated with lower baseline cognitive performance in HIV-positive persons. Neurology 2010; 75:864-73. [PMID: 20702792 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181f11bd8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine factors associated with baseline neurocognitive performance in HIV-infected participants enrolled in the Strategies for Management of Antiretroviral Therapy (SMART) neurology substudy. METHODS Participants from Australia, North America, Brazil, and Thailand were administered a 5-test neurocognitive battery. Z scores and the neurocognitive performance outcome measure, the quantitative neurocognitive performance z score (QNPZ-5), were calculated using US norms. Neurocognitive impairment was defined as z scores <-2 in two or more cognitive domains. Associations of test scores, the QNPZ-5, and impairment with baseline factors including demographics and risk factors for HIV-associated dementia (HAD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) were determined in multiple regression. RESULTS The 292 participants had a median CD4 cell count of 536 cells/mm(3), 88% had an HIV viral load < or =400 copies/mL, and 92% were taking antiretrovirals. Demographics, HIV, and clinical factors differed between locations. The mean QNPZ-5 score was -0.72; 14% of participants had neurocognitive impairment. For most tests, scores and z scores differed significantly between locations, with and without adjustment for age, sex, education, and race. Prior CVD was associated with neurocognitive impairment. Prior CVD, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension were associated with poorer neurocognitive performance but conventional HAD risk factors and the CNS penetration effectiveness rank of antiretroviral regimens were not. CONCLUSIONS In this HIV-positive population with high CD4 cell counts, neurocognitive impairment was associated with prior CVD. Lower neurocognitive performance was associated with prior CVD, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia, but not conventional HAD risk factors. The contribution of CVD and cardiovascular risk factors to the neurocognition of HIV-positive populations warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Wright
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Alfred Hospital, Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
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14
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Wynne F, Drummond F, O'Sullivan K, Daly M, Shanahan F, Molloy MG, Quane KA. Investigation of the genetic influence of the OPG, VDR (Fok1), and COLIA1 Sp1 polymorphisms on BMD in the Irish population. Calcif Tissue Int 2002; 71:26-35. [PMID: 12073153 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-001-2081-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2001] [Accepted: 01/15/2002] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a major risk factor for the development of osteoporosis and there is strong evidence to suggest that the procurement and preservation of peak BMD is genetically determined. In an effort to identify factors responsible for susceptibility to low BMD in the Irish population, we investigated its possible association with polymorphisms in the Osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene, Type I collagen alpha 1 (COLIA1) Sp1 binding site and vitamin D receptor (VDR) start codon. Following a systematic screening of the regulatory and coding regions of the OPG gene, we identified a novel G1181C polymorphism in exon 1 and a T950C polymorphism in the promoter region of the OPG gene. Participants were recruited from the Bone Densitometry Unit of Cork University Hospital, including 381 postmenopausal women aged 61.26 +/- 8.50 (mean +/- SD) and 130 premenopausal women aged 46.30 +/- 6.50 (mean +/- SD). Following association analysis using both the premenopausal and postmenopausal cohorts we found that postmenopausal women carrying one or more C alleles of the G1181C polymorphism had 14.8% lower BMD (P = 0.05) at the lumbar spine and 14.4% lower BMD (P = 0.04) at the FN. However, both were nonsignificant when the Bonferroni correction factor (0.01 significance level) was applied to correct for multiple hypothesis testing. We found no association between alleles of the T950C OPG polymorphism and BMD. Similarly, we have found a lack of association between the VDR (fok1) polymorphism or COLIA1 Sp1 polymorphism and low BMD in either postmenopausal or premenopausal women in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Wynne
- Departments of Rheumatology, University College, Cork, Ireland
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15
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Abstract
The small GTPases Rab4, Rab5 and Rab7 are endosomal proteins which play important roles in the regulation of various stages of endosomal trafficking. Rab4 and Rab5 have both been localized to early endosomes and have been shown to control recycling and endosomal fusion, respectively. Rab7, a marker of the late endosomal compartment, is involved in the regulation of the late endocytic pathway. Here, we compare the role of Rab4, Rab5 and Rab7 in early and late endosomal trafficking in HeLa cells monitoring ligand uptake, recycling and degradation. Expression of the Rab4 dominant negative mutant (Rab4AS22N) leads to a significant reduction in both recycling and degradation while, as expected, Rab7 mutants exclusively affect epidermal growth factor (EGF) and low density lipoprotein degradation. As also expected, expression of the dominant negative Rab5 mutant perturbs internalization kinetics and affects both recycling and degradation. Expression of Rab4WT and dominant positive mutant (Rab4AQ67L) changes dramatically the morphology of the transferrin compartment leading to the formation of membrane tubules. These transferrin positive tubules display swellings (varicosities) some of which are positive for early endosomal antigen-1 and contain EGF. We propose that the Rab4GTPase is important for the function of the early sorting endosomal compartment, affecting trafficking along both recycling and degradative pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W McCaffrey
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, UCC, Cork, Ireland.
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Edwards
- MRC Human Biochemical Genetics Unit, Wolfson House, University College London, 4, Stephenson Way, London NW1 2HE, UK
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17
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Abstract
Accumulation of mutations in tumour suppressor genes and oncogenes has been proposed to underlie the initiation and progression of sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC). Evidence is accumulating to suggest that the caudal homeobox gene CDX2 is implicated in the pathogenesis of CRC. The CDX2 transcription factor is expressed in intestinal epithelium and is markedly down-regulated in colon tumours. Furthermore, Cdx2 heterozygous null mice develop multiple intestinal tumours. In this present study, we have investigated CDX2 as a potential candidate gene for sporadic CRC by a thorough search of all exons and exon/intron boundaries for DNA polymorphisms and rare variants in a panel of CRC tumours. 6 polymorphisms were identified and the haplotypes determined. In addition two rare variants were found, one of which was only identified in DNA from a CRC case. Loss of heterozygosity was observed in 3 out of 28 informative CRC cases. A possible association between particular haplotypes and tumour progression was also suggested by the data. In addition a preliminary analysis of the relative expression of CDX2 alleles in tumour/normal tissue suggested some variation in the levels, however further analysis is required before any conclusions can be drawn. While CDX2 mutations predisposing to sporadic CRC have not been identified, this study has established that loss of CDX2 contributes towards the progression of some sporadic CRC tumours.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Alleles
- CDX2 Transcription Factor
- Cohort Studies
- Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics
- Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- DNA, Complementary/chemistry
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- DNA, Neoplasm/chemistry
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Exons
- Female
- Gene Frequency
- Haplotypes
- Homeodomain Proteins/genetics
- Humans
- Introns
- Loss of Heterozygosity
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Mutation
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational
- RNA Splicing/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Trans-Activators
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sivagnanasundaram
- MRC Human Biochemical Genetics Unit, Biology Department, University College London, Wolfson House, 4 Stephenson Way, London, NW1 2HE
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18
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Zito F, Drummond F, Bujac SR, Esnouf MP, Morrissey JH, Humphries SE, Miller GJ. Epidemiological and genetic associations of activated factor XII concentration with factor VII activity, fibrinopeptide A concentration, and risk of coronary heart disease in men. Circulation 2000; 102:2058-62. [PMID: 11044420 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.102.17.2058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relations of plasma activated factor XII (FXIIa) concentration and a common polymorphism (C46T) of the factor XII gene with hemostatic status and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) were examined by prospective surveillance. METHODS AND RESULTS Genotyping for the C46T variant was performed in 2624 men 50 to 61 years of age who were free of CHD at baseline. The genotype distribution was as follows: CC, 56.7%; CT; 36.9%; and TT, 6.6%. Plasma FXIIa was measured by ELISA on 1745 samples collected 1 year after baseline; median levels were (ng/mL) CC, 2.0; CT, 1.4; and TT, 0.8 (P:<0.0001). Respective values for plasma fibrinopeptide A (FPA, nmol/L) were 1.52, 1.35, and 1.15 (P:<0.0001); for factor VII coagulant activity (FVIIc, % standard), 114.5, 116.2, and 109.3 (P:=0.02). Group differences in FVIIc were unchanged by adjustment for body mass index and serum triglycerides. Whereas CHD incidence did not differ significantly by genotype, rates (per 1000 person-years) by thirds of FXIIa distribution were for <1.5 ng/mL, 7. 2; for 1.5 to 2.0 ng/mL, 7.2; and for >2.0 ng/mL, 13.6. Respective hazard ratios with the low third as reference group were 1.01 and 1. 96 (P:=0.007), which were essentially unchanged after allowance for genotype, blood lipids, blood pressure, body mass index, FVIIc, and FPA. CONCLUSIONS The C46T polymorphism is a determinant of FXIIa, FPA, and possibly FVIIc, suggesting that FXII influences the activity state of the coagulation pathway and FPA cleavage from fibrinogen in vivo. Plasma FXIIa is increased in middle-aged men at high risk of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zito
- Department of Medicine, University College London Medical School, Rayne Institute, London, UK
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Adamo R, Chany C, Drummond F, Hung SM, Pool T, Quarino L, Ristenbatt RR, San Pietro D. Commentary on the American Board of Criminalistics (ABC) Certification Process. J Forensic Sci 2000; 45:749-50. [PMID: 10855996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Papapetrou C, Drummond F, Reardon W, Winter R, Spitz L, Edwards YH. A genetic study of the human T gene and its exclusion as a major candidate gene for sacral agenesis with anorectal atresia. J Med Genet 1999; 36:208-13. [PMID: 10204846 PMCID: PMC1734318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Sacral agenesis is a heterogeneous group of congenital anomalies in which most cases are sporadic but rare familial forms also occur. Although one gene has been mapped to chromosome 7q36 in families with hemisacrum, associated with anorectal atresia and presacral mass, it is clear that the genetic aetiology of these disorders is complex and other genes remain to be discovered. Some years ago, the idea of T (Brachyury) as a candidate gene for sacral agenesis was raised, because tail abnormalities associated with T and the t complex, on mouse chromosome 17, resemble spinal defects seen in man. The recent cloning and mapping of the human T gene prompted us to re-evaluate this idea. T is a transcription factor essential for the normal development of posterior mesodermal structures. Although the sequence and function of T are highly conserved in evolution, our genetic study shows that the coding region of the human gene is highly polymorphic. Three common variable amino acid sites in known functional domains have been identified: Gly356Ser, Asn369Ser, and Gly177Asp. For the latter variant, functional studies have shown that the presence of Asp at residue 177 reduces the stability of T dimer formation. A search for rare mutation of T in 28 selected patients with sacral agenesis/anorectal atresia identified a novel, rare variant in one patient and her mother. This mutation leads to an amino acid change within a conserved activation domain. While the functional significance of this single mutation requires further investigation, we can conclude from our studies that if T has a role in the aetiology of sacral agenesis, its contribution is small in this particular set of patients. However, we cannot exclude a more major role in other forms of sacral defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Papapetrou
- MRC Human Biochemical Genetics Unit, University College London, UK
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Bryers JD, Drummond F. Local macromolecule diffusion coefficients in structurally non-uniform bacterial biofilms using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP). Biotechnol Bioeng 1998; 60:462-73. [PMID: 10099452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Pure culture Pseudomonas putida biofilms were cultivated under controlled conditions to a desired overall biofilm thickness, then employed within classical half-cell diffusion chambers to estimate, from transient solute concentrations, the effective diffusion coefficient for several macromolecules of increasing molecular weight and molecular complexity. Results of traditional half-cell studies were found to be erroneous due to the existence of microscopic water channels or crevasses that perforate the polysaccharidic gel matrix of the biofilm, sometimes completely to the supporting substratum. Thus, half-cell devices measure a composite transfer coefficient that may overestimate the true, local flux of solutes in the biofilm polysaccharide gel matrix. An alternative analytical technique was refined to determine the local diffusion coefficients on a micro-scale to avoid the errors created by the biofilm architectural irregularities. This technique is based upon the Fluorescence Return After Photobleaching (FRAP), which allows image analysis observation of the transport of fluorescently labeled macromolecules as they migrate into a micro-scale photobleached zone. The technique can be computerized and allows one to map the local diffusion coefficients of various solute molecules at different horizontal planes and depths in a biofilm. These mappings also indirectly indicate the distribution of water channels in the biofilm, which was corroborated independently by direct microscopic observation of the settling of fluorescently-labeled latex spheres within the biofilm. Fluorescence return after photobleaching results indicate a significant reduction in the solute transport coefficients in biofilm polymer gel vs. the same value in water, with the reduction being dependent on solute molecule size and shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Bryers
- The Center for Biochemical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
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Abstract
The caudal-type homeobox gene Cdx2 encodes a transcription factor which is expressed in the intestine and is thought to play an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells. Mice heterozygous for null mutations in the caudal-type homeobox gene Cdx2 show multiple adenomatous polyps in the proximal colon in addition to skeletal problems associated with abnormal segmentation. In human colorectal cancer the expression of both CDX2 and carbonic anhydrase 1, a gene regulated by CDX2, is reduced or absent. It is possible that mutation of CDX2 is a primary event in the origin of some colorectal cancers. We have cloned human CDX2 cDNA and report here the nucleotide and protein sequences and assignment of the human gene to chromosome 13q12-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Drummond
- MRC Human Biochemical Genetics Unit, University College London
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Drummond F, Sowden J, Morrison K, Edwards YH. The caudal-type homeobox protein Cdx-2 binds to the colon promoter of the carbonic anhydrase 1 gene. Eur J Biochem 1996; 236:670-81. [PMID: 8612644 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.t01-1-00670.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1) is an abundant enzyme in colon epithelia. In the gastrointestinal tract, carbonic anhydrase is vital for NaCl resorption, alkalinization of gut contents, and absorption of short-chain fatty acids. The CA1 gene has two promoters, one of which is specifically active in colon epithelia and the other in erythroid cells. We are investigating the factors that regulate CA1 expression from the colon-specific promoter. Colon-specific deoxyribonuclease I hypersensitive sites (DHS) have been mapped close to the colon transcription initiation site (DHS6c) and in the upstream intron (DHS5c). Using electrophoretic mobility-shift assays to search the 650-bp region which contains DHS6c, we have identified sequences that bind a colon-specific factor (COF1) and by deletion analysis we have narrowed down the COF1-binding motif to a 17-bp sequence. A comparison of this motif with a protein-binding motif in the sucrase-isomaltase gene promoter, competition assays, and antibody studies indicate that COF1 is identical to the homeodomain protein Cdx-2. We propose that Cdx-2 plays an important role in the intestine-specific expression of CA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Drummond
- Medical Research Council Human Biochemical Genetics Unit, University College London, UK
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Drummond F. Postgraduate qualifications in animal welfare. Vet Rec 1994; 134:174. [PMID: 8160335 DOI: 10.1136/vr.134.7.174-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Drummond F. Problems over litigation. Vet Rec 1990; 126:69-70. [PMID: 2301140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Drummond F. A failure in the discrimination of aggressive behavior of undifferentiated schizophrenics with the hand test. J Proj Tech Pers Assess 1966; 30:275-9. [PMID: 5329109 DOI: 10.1080/0091651x.1966.10120309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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