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Adugna DG, Mengstie MA, Admasu FT, Teshome MG, Aragie H, Dejenie TA. Multilevel analysis of anemia and associated factors among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) in Liberia: Evidence from the 2019/20 Liberia demographic and health survey data. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296747. [PMID: 38662746 PMCID: PMC11045067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anemia is a global public health problem, principally affecting young children and reproductive-age mothers. Although anemia is a main public health concern in low-income countries, there is no evidence about its prevalence and associated factors among women of reproductive age in Liberia. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence and associated factors of anemia among women of reproductive age in Liberia. METHODS We used the data extracted from the fifth Liberia Demographic and Health Survey (LDHS-V) that were carried out between October 2019 and February 2020. The sample was chosen using a stratified two-stage cluster sampling procedure. Overall weighted samples of 4027 women of reproductive age were used in the analysis. Data weighting was carried out to obtain reliable estimates and standard errors as well as to restore the representativeness of the data. Stata version 14 software was used for data extraction, coding, and analysis. We used multilevel analysis to identify the significant factors associated with anemia among women of reproductive age. RESULTS The prevalence of anemia among women of reproductive age in Liberia was 44.51 (95% CI: 42.97-46.04). From these, about 23.10% of women of reproductive age were mildly anemic, 20.63% were moderately anemic and 0.78% was severely anemic. In multivariable analysis; women with the groups of 20-24 years (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.92), 25-29 years (AOR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.77), 30-34 years (AOR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.83), 35-39 years (AOR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.79), 40-44 years (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.43,0.87), 45-49 years (AOR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.39,0.82), overweight (AOR = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.98), obese (AOR = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.88), using modern contraceptive methods (AOR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.72), and being from the Northcentral region (AOR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.72) were significantly associated with lower odds of anemia. However, being pregnant (AOR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.73) and having higher parity (3 children or more) (AOR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.93) were significantly associated with higher odds of anemia. CONCLUSION In the present study, the prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age was relatively high. Therefore, it is better to provide special emphasis on high-risk groups such as pregnant and multiparous women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagnew Getnet Adugna
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Misganaw Asmamaw Mengstie
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Maritu Gebnie Teshome
- Department of Clinical Midwifery, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Hailu Aragie
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Abebe EC, Dejenie TA, Anley DT, Mengstie MA, Gebeyehu NA, Adella GA, Kassie GA, Tesfa NA, Gesese MM, Feleke SF, Zemene MA, Dessie AM, Bayih WA, Solomon Kebede Y, Bantie B, Seid MA, Enyew EF, Dessie G, Adugna DG, Ayele TM, Teshome AA, Admasu FT. Diagnostic performance of plasma D-dimer, fibrinogen, and D-dimer to fibrinogen ratio as potential biomarkers to predict hypertension-associated acute ischemic stroke. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27192. [PMID: 38486781 PMCID: PMC10937710 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemic stroke is a common type of stroke that leads to death and functional disability in hypertensive patients. However, there are no well-studied non-invasive and less expensive fluid biomarkers routinely used to detect ischemic stroke in hypertensive patients. Hence, this study aimed to tease out the performance of D-dimer, fibrinogen, and the D-dimer to fibrinogen ratio (DDFR) in predicting hypertension-associated acute ischemic stroke. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was done from October 2022 to January 2022 at Yikatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Ethiopia. We recruited 55 hypertensive patients who had an ischemic stroke and 110 who did not. A ROC curve was used to calculate the areas under the curves (AUCs) and determine the diagnostic power of the D-dimer, fibrinogen, and DDFR. The Youden index was used to find the best cut-off points for biomarkers in detecting acute ischemic stroke. A De Long test was employed to show whether there was a significant difference between the AUCs of biomarkers in diagnosing ischemic stroke. Results D-dimer yielded the highest diagnostic power (AUC = 0.776) in detecting acute ischemic stroke, followed by DDFR (AUC = 0.763) and fibrinogen (AUC = 0.694), but there was no significant difference between them. At 0.52 μg/ml cut-off point, D-dimer had 82.9% sensitivity, 66.7% specificity, 62.5% PPV, and 85.3% NPV to diagnose acute ischemic stroke. Fibrinogen could detect acute ischemic stroke at 405.85 mg/dl level, with 70.0% sensitivity, 57.1% specificity, 41.2% PPV and 81.6% NPV. At a 1.83 ratio, DDFR might also identify ischemic stroke with 80.0% sensitivity, 67.1% specificity, 51.1% PPV, and 88.7% NPV. Conclusion We showed D-dimer, fibrinogen, and DDFR as promising, affordable, and non-invasive biomarkers for the detection of ischemic stroke among subjects with hypertension. This will help clinicians make an early diagnosis and better guide patient therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Denekew Tenaw Anley
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Misganaw Asmamaw Mengstie
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Natnael Atnafu Gebeyehu
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Asmare Adella
- Department of Reproductive Health and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Woliata Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Gizachew Ambaw Kassie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Woliata Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Natnael Amare Tesfa
- School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Molalegn Mesele Gesese
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Sefineh Fenta Feleke
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Melkamu Aderajew Zemene
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Anteneh Mengist Dessie
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Wubet Alebachew Bayih
- Department of Maternal and Neonatal Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Australia
| | - Yenealem Solomon Kebede
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Berihun Bantie
- Department of Comprehensive Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Abdu Seid
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Engidaw Fentahun Enyew
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Dessie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Dagnew Getnet Adugna
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Teklie Mengie Ayele
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Assefa Agegnehu Teshome
- Department of Anatomy, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Teshome AA, Ashagrie BK, Agmas AA, Mengstie MA, Molla YM, Baye ND, Abate AW, Gebeyehu AA, Yazie TS, Chanie ES, Kassaw AW, Admasu FT, Walle GA. Prevalence of goiter and associated factors among adolescent girls in the highland area of Northwest Ethiopia. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241229643. [PMID: 38347849 PMCID: PMC10860420 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241229643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Goiter is a common public health issue in Ethiopia; however, there is not much evidence of it among adolescent girls, especially in Northwest Ethiopia. Objective This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of goiter in adolescent girls living in the highlands of Northwest Ethiopia. Methods From 5 January to 15 February 2022, 560 adolescent girls participated in this study. A multistage sampling method was used. Participants were checked for goiter using World Health Organization guidelines. Using a quick test kit, the amount of iodine in samples of table salt was determined. After being entered into Epi Info version 7, the data were exported to the SPSS version 22 for statistical analysis. Binary logistic regression was applied. It was decided to set the statistically significant level at p < 0.05. Results In this study, the total prevalence of goiter among adolescent girls was 33.4% (95% CI: 26.3%-39.4%). The odds of goiter were 5.3 times higher among adolescents whose families had a history of goiter (AOR = 5.34, 95% CI: 3.65-9.74). The likelihood of developing goiter was 3.7 times greater among adolescent girls who consumed cabbage at least once per week (AOR = 3.74, 95% CI: 2.46-8.31). In addition, adolescent girls who did not consume meat at all were 3.3 times more likely to develop goiter (AOR = 3.32, 95% CI: 1.95-6.78). Similarly, the odds of getting goiter among adolescent girls from families who use salt with inadequate levels of iodine (0-14) were 9.84 times greater compared to their counterparts (AOR = 9.84, 95% CI: 5.61-26.24). Conclusion In the study area, goiter was very common. Therefore, the district's health sector should make an effort to raise community knowledge by spreading important messages regarding the proper use of iodized salt and food sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assefa Agegnehu Teshome
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Berhanu Kindu Ashagrie
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Atalo Ayenew Agmas
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Misganaw Asmamaw Mengstie
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Yalew Melkamu Molla
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Nega Dagnaw Baye
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Agmas Wassie Abate
- Department of Psychiatry, Dr. Ambachew Memorial Hospital, Amhara Regional Health Bureau, South Gondar Zone, Tach Gaynt, Ethiopia
| | - Asaye Alamneh Gebeyehu
- Department of Social and Public Health, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Taklo Simeneh Yazie
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Ermias Sisaye Chanie
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Amare Wolie Kassaw
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Ayehu Walle
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Asmamaw Mengstie M, Teshome Azezew M, Asmamaw Dejenie T, Teshome AA, Tadele Admasu F, Behaile Teklemariam A, Tilahun Mulu A, Mekonnen Agidew M, Adugna DG, Geremew H, Abebe EC. Recent Advancements in Reducing the Off-Target Effect of CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing. Biologics 2024; 18:21-28. [PMID: 38260716 PMCID: PMC10802171 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s429411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The CRISPR-Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)) and the associated protein (Cas9) system, a young but well-studied genome-editing tool, holds plausible solutions to a wide range of genetic disorders. The single-guide RNA (sgRNA) with a 20-base user-defined spacer sequence and the Cas9 endonuclease form the core of the CRISPR-Cas9 system. This sgRNA can direct the Cas9 nuclease to any genomic region that includes a protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) just downstream and matches the spacer sequence. The current challenge in the clinical applications of CRISPR-Cas9 genome-editing technology is the potential off-target effects that can cause DNA cleavage at the incorrect sites. Off-target genome editing confuses and diminishes the therapeutic potential of CRISPR-Cas9 in addition to potentially casting doubt on scientific findings regarding the activities of genes. In this review, we summarize the recent technological advancements in reducing the off-target effect of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misganaw Asmamaw Mengstie
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Muluken Teshome Azezew
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Assefa Agegnehu Teshome
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Awgichew Behaile Teklemariam
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Anemut Tilahun Mulu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Mekonnen Agidew
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Dagnew Getnet Adugna
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Habtamu Geremew
- College of Health Sciences, Oda Bultum University, Chiro, Ethiopia
| | - Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Agidew MM, Abebe EC, Muche ZT, Mengstie MA, Mulu AT, Admasu FT, Teklemariam AB, Zewde EA, Temesgen GB, Ayele T, Kassie AB, Baye ND, Dejenie TA. Evaluation of liver function biomarkers, blood pressure, and anthropometric parameters among chronic kidney disease patients: Laboratory-based cross-sectional study in Northwest Ethiopia. Metabol Open 2023; 19:100254. [PMID: 37681054 PMCID: PMC10480547 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2023.100254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a non-communicable disease leading to a progressive decline in kidney functions and complications like liver disorders. Serum levels of liver parameters such as aminotransferases and bilirubin are important biomarkers for the diagnosis of liver diseases. Studies on the effect of CKD with and without end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on the levels of liver biomarkers in Ethiopia are limited. Hence, this study aimed to assess liver biomarkers, blood pressure (BP) and anthropometric indices in CKD patients attending a renal clinic of Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital(FHCSH) in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Method A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 CKD patients attending the renal clinic of FHCSH in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire through face-to-face interview. BP and anthropometric parameters were measured based on the standard procedures. About 5 ml of serum was used to analyzeliver parameter using automated chemistry analyzer. All data analyses such as independent sample t-testand one-way ANOVA were done using SPSS version 25.0. Besides, Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were done to identify predictors of liver biomarkers in CKD patients. P-value< 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The mean serum levels of AST and ALT were significantly lower in CKD patients under dialysis when compared to CKD patients with no dialysis (p < 0.05). These enzymes were positively and negatively correlated with eGFRand the severity of CKD, respectively. However, there were no significant differences in bilirubin level between different stages of CKD. There was also a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the levels of AST and ALT with BMI.There was also a significant rise of SBP and DBP in CKD patients under dialysis compared to CKD patients not in dialysis. Conclusion Aminotransferases were significantly lower in CKD patients undergoing dialysis than in CKD patients not undergoing dialysis, warranting the need fora separate standard reference ranges or using other diagnostic criteria to diagnose liver comorbidities in CKD patients. The levels of AST and ALT in CKD patients were also significantly increased with BMI. Besides, BP was significantly elevated with the severity of CKD, indicating the more advanced the CKD is, the higher BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melaku Mekonnen Agidew
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Zelalem Tilahun Muche
- Department Medical Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Misganaw Asmamaw Mengstie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Anemut Tilahun Mulu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | | | - Edgiet Abebe Zewde
- Department Medical Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Gelagey Baye Temesgen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - TeklieMengie Ayele
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Achenef Bogale Kassie
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Nega Dagnew Baye
- Department Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Ayehu GW, Admasu FT, Yitbarek GY, Agegnehu Teshome A, Amare AT, Atlaw D, Sharma S. Early post-stroke cognitive impairment and in-hospital predicting factors among stroke survivors in Ethiopia. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1163812. [PMID: 37284182 PMCID: PMC10239813 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1163812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In low-and middle-income countries, post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is the least investigated stroke complication that clinically is given little attention. Finding patients who are at high risk of having cognitive problems after a stroke could allow targeted follow-up and help with prognosis discussions, which would then contribute to improved treatment outcomes. The main aim of this study was to determine the incidence and predictors of PSCI among stroke survivors in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods The study was a multicenter prospective cohort study. The study participants were 403 stroke survivors who were alive on follow-up after 3 months of stroke onset at the neurology department of three hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia. To investigate the link between the outcome and the explanatory variables, analyses of bivariable and logistic multivariable regression were performed. A value of p of 0.05 or less was regarded as statistically significant, and data were presented as odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results The mean age of the participants was 61.3 years (SD = 0.7), 56% were females, the mean time from symptom onset to hospital arrival was 46 h (SD = 3.32), and the mean National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission was 14.79 (SD = 0.25). PSCI was observed in 122 patients (30.3%) after 90 days of stroke onset, that is, 83 (20.6%) of female and 39 (9.7%) of male stroke survivors. The result of multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed PSCI was independently associated with age (adjusted OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.061-1.981), women (AOR = 1.390, 95% CI = 1.221-2.690), admission modified Rankin scale (mRS) (AOR = 1.629, 95% CI = 1.381-2.037), moderate Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score (AOR = 1.149, 95% CI = 1.402-3.281), and poor GCS score (AOR = 1.632, 95% CI = 1.610-4.361) and stage one (AOR = 1.428, 95% CI = 1.198-2.922) and stage two hypertension (AOR = 1.255, 95% CI = 1.107-2.609). Conclusion Nearly one-third of stroke survivors developed PSCI. Moreover, further research is needed with a larger sample size, showing a time trend and longer follow-up duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gashaw Walle Ayehu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Yideg Yitbarek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Assefa Agegnehu Teshome
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Abraham Tsedalu Amare
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Daniel Atlaw
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Saurab Sharma
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Admasu FT, Dejenie TA, Ayehu GW, Zewde EA, Dessie G, Adugna DG, Enyew EF, Geto Z, Abebe EC. Evaluation of thromboembolic event, basic coagulation parameters, and associated factors in patients with colorectal cancer: a multicenter study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1143122. [PMID: 37205202 PMCID: PMC10188115 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1143122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with colorectal cancer are at an increased risk of hemostatic disturbances, and recent studies have shown that coagulation disorders could be the first sign of malignancy. Although coagulopathy is a significant cause of cancer-related death and disability, it is usually underestimated, and there has been no recent scientific evidence regarding the exact burden and its specific determinants. Moreover, the public health importance of the risk of coagulopathy among patients with colorectal polyps has not been addressed. Materials and methods An institution-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 500 study participants (250 colorectal cancer patients, 150 colorectal polyp patients, and 100 controls) from January to December 2022. Venous blood was collected for basic coagulation and platelet analysis. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn-Bonferroni pairwise comparisons) were used to compare study parameters among the groups. The test results were expressed as medians and interquartile ranges. Binary logistic regressions were fitted, and statistical significance was declared at a p-value of less than 0.05, with 95% CI. Results The prevalence of coagulopathy among colorectal cancer patients was 198 (79.2%; 95% CI: 73.86, 83.64), while the prevalence was 76 (50.7%; 95% CI: 45.66, 54.34) among colorectal polyp patients. From the final model, age between 61 and 70 (AOR = 3.13: 95% CI: 1.03, 6.94), age > 70 years (AOR = 2.73: 95% CI: 1.08, 4.71), hypertension (AOR = 6.8: 95% CI: 1.07, 14.1), larger tumor size (AOR = 3.31: 95% CI: 1.11, 6.74), metastatic cancer (AOR = 5.8: 95% CI: 1.1, 14.7), and BMI ≥30 kg/m2 (AOR = 3.8: 95% CI: 2.3, 4.8) were positively associated with coagulopathy. Conclusion This study showed that coagulopathy is a major public health concern among patients with colorectal cancer. Therefore, existing oncology care efforts should be strengthened to prevent coagulopathy among patients with colorectal cancer. Moreover, patients with colorectal polyps should receive more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
- *Correspondence: Fitalew Tadele Admasu,
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Gondar University, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Walle Ayehu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Edget Abebe Zewde
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Dessie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Gondar University, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Dagnew Getnet Adugna
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Gondar University, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Engidaw Fentahun Enyew
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Gondar University, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Zeleke Geto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Wello University, Wello, Ethiopia
| | - Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Adugna DG, Kibret AA, Aragie H, Enyew EF, Dessie G, Melese M, Simegn W, Abebe EC, Admasu FT, Dejenie TA. Prevalence and determinants of anemia among children aged from 6 to 59 months in Liberia: a multilevel analysis of the 2019/20 Liberia demographic and health survey data. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1152083. [PMID: 37144146 PMCID: PMC10153666 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1152083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anemia is a serious worldwide public health issue that happens at any stage of life but primarily affects young kids and pregnant mothers. Although anemia has a significant impact on child health, its magnitude and associated factors in children aged 6-59 months have not been yet studied in Liberia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and determinants of anemia in children aged 6-59 months in Liberia. Methods The data was extracted from Liberia Demographic and Health Survey, conducted from October 2019 to February 2020. The sample was obtained using a stratified two-stage cluster sampling technique. An overall weighted sample of 2,524 kids aged 6-59 months was involved in the final analysis. We used Stata version 14 software for data extraction and analysis. A multilevel logistic regression model was employed to identify factors associated with anemia. Variables with a P-value of <0.2 in the bivariable logistic regression analysis were selected as candidates for multivariable analysis. In multivariable analysis, the adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) were declared as the determinants of anemia. Results The prevalence of anemia in children aged 6-59 months in Liberia was 70.8% [95% CI: 68.9%, 72.5%]. Of these, 3.4% were severe anemia, 38.3% were moderate anemia and 29.1% were mild anemia. Children aged 6-23 and 24-42 months, being stunted, children from households with unimproved toilet facilities, children from households with unimproved water sources, and lack of media (television) exposure were significantly associated with higher odds of anemia. However, using mosquito bed nets, living in the Northwestern and Northcentral region were significantly associated with lower odds of anemia among children 6-59 months. Conclusion In this study, anemia in kids aged 6-59 months in Liberia was a main public health issue. Age of the child, stunting, toilet facility, water source, exposure to television, mosquito bed net use, and region were significant determinants of anemia. Therefore, it is better to provide intervention for the early detection and management of stunted children. Similarly, interventions should be strengthened to address unimproved water sources, unimproved toilet facilities, and lack of media exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagnew Getnet Adugna
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Correspondence: Dagnew Getnet Adugna
| | - Anteneh Ayelign Kibret
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Hailu Aragie
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Engidaw Fentahun Enyew
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Dessie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mihret Melese
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Wudneh Simegn
- Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Asnakew S, Legas G, Belete A, Admasu FT, Yitbarek GY, Aytenew TM, Demise B, Alemu EM, Alemu MA, Bayih WA, Feleke DG, Chanie ES, Birhane BM, Kefale D. Cognitive adverse effects of epilepsy and its predictors attending outpatient department of South Gondar zone hospitals, Amhara Region, Ethiopia 2020 /2021. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278908. [PMID: 36490273 PMCID: PMC9733840 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is the most common neurologic disorder which is further complicated by neurobehavioral co-morbidities, cognitive impairment, psychiatric disorders, and social problems. However, assessments of cognitive status of epileptic patients are far too low during clinical visits. This calls for early neuropsychological assessment soon after the diagnosis of epilepsy for a better treatment plan and outcome for epileptic patients. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the cognitive adverse effects of epilepsy and its predictors attending outpatient departments of South Gondar Zone hospitals Amhara region Ethiopia 2020/2021. METHODS A multi-center institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 509 respondents were included with a response rate of 93.9%. Previously adapted pretested structured questionnaire was used containing, socio-demographic, clinical, and seizure related factors. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to measure cognitive impairment. A systematic random sampling technique was applied. Data were entered into Epi data version 4.4.2 then exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. Descriptive statistics, bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regressions with odds ratios and 95% confidence interval were employed. The level of significance of association was determined at a p-value < 0.05. RESULTS Prevalence of cognitive impairment in this study was 69.2% (95%CI; 65.4, 73.1). Rural residents (AOR = 4.16,95%CI, 1.99,8.67), respondents who couldn't read and write (AOR = 2.62, 95%CI; 1.24, 5.5,) longer duration of seizure disorder (AOR = 4.59,95%CI; 2.01,10.52), taking combined Phenobarbital and Phenytoin (AOR = 4.69,95%CI; 1.88,11.69), having history of head injury (AOR = 3.29,95%CI;1.30,8.32), having depression (AOR = 4.76,95%CI;2.83,7.98), and anxiety (AOR = 3.11,95%CI; 1.58,6.12) were significantly associated with cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of cognitive impairment in this study was high. Regular neuropsychiatric assessment of patients with epilepsy should be encouraged especially for those participants with longer durations of illness, who are rural residents, who take combined Phenobarbital and Phenytoin, participants who had a history of head injury, depression, and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sintayehu Asnakew
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
- * E-mail:
| | - Getasew Legas
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Amsalu Belete
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Yideg Yitbarek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tigabu Munye Aytenew
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Biruk Demise
- Departments of Social and Population Health, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Eshetie Molla Alemu
- Departments of Social and Population Health, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Muluken Adela Alemu
- Departemnt of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Wubet Alebachew Bayih
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health and Neonatal Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Dejen Getaneh Feleke
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health and Neonatal Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Ermias Sisay Chanie
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health and Neonatal Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Binyam Munye Birhane
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health and Neonatal Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Demewoz Kefale
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health and Neonatal Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Chanie ES, Engedaw D, Eyayu T, Admasu FT, Amera ED, Azanaw KA, Kassaw A, Feleke DG, Ayehu GW, Jimma MS, GebreEyesus FA, Moges N, Woelile TA, Kerebeh G, Birrie E. Escalating the limit of median survival time and predictors of mortality among preterm neonates in Northwest Ethiopia, 2021: a 1-year prospective follow-up study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061385. [PMID: 36576181 PMCID: PMC9723894 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the survival rate and predictors of mortality among preterm neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit at South Gondar public hospitals, 2021. DESIGN Prospective follow-up study. SETTING South Gondar public hospitals, Northwest, Ethiopia. PARTICIPANTS We recruited 283 preterm neonates who were admitted at neonatal intensive care unit at selected hospitals from 15 February 2020 to 22 January 2021. OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measure of this study was the survival rate of preterm neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit. Moreover, the study assessed the predictors for the occurrence of mortality by the Cox-proportional hazard model. Data were entered into Epi data V.4.2 and exported to Stata V.14 statistical software for analysis. The log-rank test determines the survival difference between predictor variables. RESULTS A total of 283 preterm neonates, 61 died during the follow-up. Born from antepartum haemorrhage mother (adjusted HR (AHR)=2.2 (95% CI 1.10 to 4.37)), being small weight for gestational age (AHR=4.6 (95% CI 2.22 to 9.53)), not having kangaroo mother care practice initiated (AHR=2.7 (95% CI 1.39 to 7.74)), hypothermia (AHR=4.0 (95% CI 1.96 to 8.30)) and perinatal asphyxia (AHR=3.9 (95% CI 1.97 to 7.94)) were significant predictors of preterm neonate mortality. CONCLUSION In this study, the preterm neonates survival rate (78.4%) and the median survival time (21 days) were found to be low. Preventing and managing the predictors, including an antepartum haemorrhagic mother, small weight for gestational age, hypothermia and prenatal asphyxia, is crucial. In addition, more emphasis should be placed on initiating universal kangaroo mother care practice soon after birth to increase the survival of preterm neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermias Sisay Chanie
- Pedatric and Neonatal Nursing, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Destaw Engedaw
- Pedatric and Neonatal Nursing, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tahir Eyayu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Amhara, Ethiopia
| | | | - Eninur Dejen Amera
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Amhara, Ethiopia
| | | | - Amare Kassaw
- Pedatric and Neonatal Nursing, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | | | - Gashaw Walle Ayehu
- Biomedical Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Amhara, Ethiopia
| | | | | | - Natnael Moges
- Pedatric and Neonatal Nursing, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | | | - Gashaw Kerebeh
- Pedatric and Neonatal Nursing, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Asmamaw Dejenie T, Tiruneh G/Medhin M, Dessie Terefe G, Tadele Admasu F, Wale Tesega W, Chekol Abebe E. Current updates on generations, approvals, and clinical trials of CAR T-cell therapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2114254. [PMID: 36094837 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2114254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a novel, customized immunotherapy that is considered a 'living' and self-replicating drug to treat cancer, sometimes resulting in a complete cure. CAR T-cells are manufactured through genetic engineering of T-cells by equipping them with CARs to detect and target antigen-expressing cancer cells. CAR is designed to have an ectodomain extracellularly, a transmembrane domain spanning the cell membrane, and an endodomain intracellularly. Since its first discovery, the CAR structure has evolved greatly, from the first generation to the fifth generation, to offer new therapeutic alternatives for cancer patients. This treatment has achieved long-term and curative therapeutic efficacy in multiple blood malignancies that nowadays profoundly change the treatment landscape of lymphoma, leukemia, and multiple myeloma. But CART-cell therapy is associated with several hurdles, such as limited therapeutic efficacy, little effect on solid tumors, adverse effects, expensive cost, and feasibility issues, hindering its broader implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Markeshaw Tiruneh G/Medhin
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Dessie Terefe
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Science Arbaminch University, Arbaminch, Ethiopia
| | - Wondwossen Wale Tesega
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Science Arbaminch University, Arbaminch, Ethiopia
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Ayehu GW, Yitbarek GY, Zewdie EA, Amsalu BT, Abie Y, Atlaw D, Agegnehu A, Admasu FT, Azanaw MM, Amare AT, Emiru ZA. Risk profile, clinical presentation, and determinants of stroke subtypes among patients with stroke admitted to public referral hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia in 2021: A cross-sectional study. Front Neurol 2022; 13:988677. [DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.988677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundStroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, with a significant increase in stroke burden over the last two and half decades, especially in developing countries. African countries are undergoing an epidemiological transition from being dominated by infectious diseases to being double-burdened by non-communicable diseases, with existing infectious diseases driven by sociodemographic and lifestyle changes and a weak healthcare system. Data on the risk profile, clinical presentation, and predictors of stroke subtypes are still limited. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to assess the risk profile, clinical presentation, and predictors of stroke in public referral hospitals of Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsFor this study, 554 patients with stroke admitted to three public referral hospitals were prospectively followed up. Data were collected using a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. STATA version 16 was used for data analyses. Candidate variables significant in bivariate analysis were selected for multivariate binary logistic regression, and statistical significance was set at a p < 0.05.ResultsOf the 554 patients with stroke, 60.3% had an ischemic stroke. The mean age of the participants was 61 ± 12.85 years, and more than half (53.25%) of them were women. The most common risk factor identified was hypertension (29.7%), followed by congestive heart failure. The most common clinical presentation was hemiparesis, which was reported by 57.7% of the patients, followed by loss of consciousness (20.7%) and aphasia (9%). Through multivariable logistic regression, age (AOR = 1.03, 95% CI:1.01–1.05), sedentary physical activity level (AOR = 6.78, 95% CI:1.97–23.32), absence of a family history of chronic illness (AOR = 3.79, 95% CI:2.21–6.48), hypertension (AOR=0.51, 95% CI:0.31–0.85), and past stroke (AOR = 3.54, 95% CI:0.93–13.49) were found to be independent determinants of the stroke subtype.ConclusionAge, the level of sedentary physical activity, absence of a family history of chronic illness, hypertension, and past stroke were independent determinants of stroke subtype.
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Chekol Abebe E, Yibeltal Shiferaw M, Tadele Admasu F, Asmamaw Dejenie T. Ciltacabtagene autoleucel: The second anti-BCMA CAR T-cell therapeutic armamentarium of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:991092. [PMID: 36119032 PMCID: PMC9479060 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.991092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ciltacabtagene autoleucel (also known as cilta-cel) is a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy that targets B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) on the surface of cancer cells in B cell malignancies, such as multiple myeloma (MM). It is a second-generation CAR that is outfitted with an ectodomain comprising two BCMA-binding single chain variable fragment (ScFv) domains, a transmembrane domain, and an endodomain possessing CD3ζ and 4-1BB. Cilta-cel is an autologous, gene-edited CAR T-cell that is prepared by collecting and modifying the recipient’s T-cells to create a patient personalized treatment in the laboratory to be infused back. This CAR T-cell product exceptionally entails CARs with two BCMA-targeting single-domain antibodies that detect two epitopes of BCMA expressed on the malignant cells of MM. Cilta-cel is the current addition to the treatment armamentarium of relapsed or refractory (r/r) MM after its approval by the FDA on February 28, 2022, based on the results of the Phase 1b/2 CARTITUDE-1 study. It was the second approved anti-BCMA CAR T-cell product after idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel) to treat myeloma patients. It induces early, deep, and long-lasting responses with a tolerable safety profile in r/r MM. Cilta-cel-treated myeloma patients may potentially experience adverse effects ranging from mild to life-threatening, but they are mostly manageable toxicities. Besides, it has a consistent safety profile upon a longer follow-up of patients. Cilta-cel generally outperforms ide cel in terms of efficacy in MM, but shows comparable adverse events. This review highlights the current updates on cilta-cel efficacy, adverse events, comparison with ide-cel, and its future direction in the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
- *Correspondence: Endeshaw Chekol Abebe,
| | - Mestet Yibeltal Shiferaw
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Habte ML, Beyene EA, Feyisa TO, Admasu FT, Tilahun A, Diribsa GC. Nutritional Values of Teff ( Eragrostis tef) in Diabetic Patients: Narrative Review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:2599-2606. [PMID: 36035517 PMCID: PMC9416382 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s366958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Teff (Eragrostis tef) is an indigenous crop in Ethiopia and exists in white, red, and mixed varieties. Several types of research confirmed that teff is rich in many essential amino acids, slowly digesting carbohydrates, essential fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, fibers, and other components. Since teff has a low glycemic index, is enriched in essential amino acids and fatty acids, and contains nutritionally balanced minerals, vitamins, and their precursors, it could be a promising food for the prevention and management of diabetes. People with diabetes mellitus are recommended to feed on a diet having a low glycemic index and enriched in essential nutrients. Objective This review aimed to summarize the nutritional composition of teff (Eragrostis tef) and its value in diabetic patients. Methodology We searched Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar for studies on the nutritional composition of teff and its value for diabetic patients published in English since 2010. Conclusion According to available data, teff is a nutritionally valuable food type for diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mezgebu Legesse Habte
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Etsegenet Assefa Beyene
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Teka Obsa Feyisa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Anmut Tilahun
- Department Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Getahun Chala Diribsa
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
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Admasu FT, Demissie B, Yitbarek GY, Geto Z, Tesfaw A, Zewde EA, Tilahun A, Walle G, Bekele TT, Habte ML, Feyisa TO, Amare TJ, Alebachew W, Asnakew S, Sisay E, Tiruneh M, Yemata GA, Aytenew TM, Dejenie TA. Evaluation of total oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity of brain tumour patients attending referral hospitals in Addis Ababa, 2020: a comparative cross-sectional study. Ecancermedicalscience 2022; 16:1391. [PMID: 35919224 PMCID: PMC9300404 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2022.1391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The exact cause of brain tumours is still unknown, but disruptions of redox balance are thought to play a significant role in all stages of brain tumour development. However, the roles of free radical imbalance at different grades of brain tumour and degree of oxidative stress before and after surgery have not been addressed in prior studies. Aim A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the redox imbalance among confirmed brain tumour patients. Methods and results An institution-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 100 participants (50 brain tumour patients and 50 controls) at referral hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Descriptive statistics, t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) (post-hoc) analysis were used and statistical significance was declared at p ≤ 0.05. The serum oxidised glutathione and total oxidative stress were significantly higher in the serum of brain tumour patients (0.72 ± 0.03 μM/μg and 9.66 ± 1.76 μmol H2O2 Eq/L, respectively) compared to the control group (0.21 ± 0.07 μM/μg and 6.59 ± 0.81 μmol H2O2 Eq/L, respectively) (p ≤ 0.05). The serum total oxidant status gradually increased as the tumour grade increased, being higher in grade four (11.96 ± 0.72) and lower in grade one (8.43 ± 1.56), and the mean differences were statistically significant (p ≤ 0 05). A statistically significantly higher total antioxidant capacity (116.78 ± 5.03 Trolox Eq/L) was obtained in the post-surgery than pre-surgery level (79.65 ± 17.914 Trolox Eq/L) (p ≤ 0 05). Conclusion Higher oxidant and lower antioxidant levels were found in the serum of brain tumour patients than in the control group. The post-surgery oxidant level was lower than the pre-surgery state. The findings of this study could suggest that redox imbalance may have a role in the pathophysiology of brain tumours, but further experimental studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, 272, Ethiopia
| | - Biruk Demissie
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, 272, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Yideg Yitbarek
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, 272, Ethiopia
| | - Zeleke Geto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Wello University, Wello, 1242, Ethiopia
| | - Aragaw Tesfaw
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, 272, Ethiopia
| | - Edget Abebe Zewde
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, 272, Ethiopia
| | - Animut Tilahun
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, 272, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Walle
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, 272, Ethiopia
| | - Tigist Tefera Bekele
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Haramaya University, Harer, 138, Ethiopia
| | - Mezgebu Legesse Habte
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Haramaya University, Harer, 138, Ethiopia
| | - Teka Obsa Feyisa
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Haramaya University, Harer, 138, Ethiopia
| | - Tadeg Jemere Amare
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, 272, Ethiopia
| | - Wubet Alebachew
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, 272, Ethiopia
| | - Sintayehu Asnakew
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, 272, Ethiopia
| | - Ermiyas Sisay
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, 272, Ethiopia
| | - Markeshaw Tiruneh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and medicine, Gondar University, Gondar, 196, Ethiopia
| | - Getaneh Atikilt Yemata
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, 272, Ethiopia
| | - Tigabu Munye Aytenew
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, 272, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and medicine, Gondar University, Gondar, 196, Ethiopia
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Chekol Abebe E, Tiruneh G/Medhin M, Behaile T/Mariam A, Asmamaw Dejenie T, Mengie Ayele T, Tadele Admasu F, Tilahun Muche Z, Asmare Adela G. Mutational Pattern, Impacts and Potential Preventive Strategies of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Variant Infection. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:1871-1887. [PMID: 35450114 PMCID: PMC9017707 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s360103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the emergence of COVID 19, the authentic SARS-CoV-2 has evolved into a range of novel variants that are of more global concern. In late November 2021, the Omicron (lineage B.1.1.529) variant was identified as a new variant and considered as the fifth variant of concern. Omicron harbors a genetic profile that is exceedingly unusual, with a huge number of mutations. Above thirty mutations are localized in the S protein, while some are found in other structural and non-structural proteins. Half of the mutations in the S protein are in the RBD, which is a major target of antibodies, showing that Omicron mutations may affect antibody binding affinity to the S protein. The Omicron variant has been found to result in immune escape, therapeutic or vaccine escape, as well as increased transmissibility and reinfection risk, explaining its rapid international spread that sparks a global alarm even more serious than the previously reported variants. Omicron has the capability to bypass at least some of the multi-faceted immune responses induced by prior infection or vaccination. It is shown to extensively escape neutralizing antibodies while evading cell mediated immune defense to a lesser extent. The efficacy of COVID 19 vaccines against Omicron variant is decreased with primary vaccination, showing that the vaccine is less efficient in preventing Omicron infections. However, after receiving a booster vaccine dose, the immunological response to Omicron significantly improved and hold promising results. Despite the mild nature of the disease in most vaccinated people, the rapid spread of Omicron, as well as the increased risk of re-infection, poses yet another major public health concern. Therefore, effort should be devoted to maintaining the existing COVID 19 preventive measures as well as developing new vaccination strategies in order to control the fast dissemination of Omicron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Markeshaw Tiruneh G/Medhin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Awgichew Behaile T/Mariam
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Teklie Mengie Ayele
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Zelalem Tilahun Muche
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Asmare Adela
- Department of Reproductive Health and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
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Zewde EA, Tolossa T, Tiruneh SA, Azanaw MM, Yitbarek GY, Admasu FT, Ayehu GW, Amare TJ, Abebe EC, Muche ZT, Fentie TA, Zemene MA, Melaku MD. Internet Addiction and Its Associated Factors Among African High School and University Students: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol 2022; 13:847274. [PMID: 35386896 PMCID: PMC8978338 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.847274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Internet addiction is characterized by excessive and uncontrolled use of the internet affecting everyday life. Adolescents are the primary risk group for internet addiction. Data on internet addiction is lacking in Africa. Thus, this review aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of internet addiction and its associated factors among high school and university students in Africa. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted using electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of science, Hinari, and Google scholar) to locate potential studies. Heterogeneity between studies was checked using Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 test statistics and small-study effects were checked using Egger's statistical test at a 5% significance level. A sensitivity analysis was performed. A random-effects model was employed to estimate the pooled prevalence and associated factors of internet addiction among students. The primary outcome of measure of this review was the prevalence of internet addiction and the secondary outcome of measures are the factors associated with internet addiction. Results A total of 5,562 studies were identified among the five databases. Of these, 28 studies from 10 countries with 14,946 high school and university students were included in this review. The overall pooled prevalence of internet addiction among the students was 34.53% [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 26.83, 42.23, I2 = 99.20%]. Male sex [Pooled Odds Ratio (POR) = 1.92, 95% CI:1.43, 2.57 I2 = 0.00], urban residence (POR = 2.32, 95% CI:1.19, 4.53, I2 = 59.39%), and duration of daily internet use for more than 4 h (POR = 2.25, 95% CI:1.20, 4.21, I2 = 0.00%, were significantly associated with internet addiction among adolescents. Conclusion Almost one-third of university and high school students in Africa are addicted to the internet. Male students, those from urban areas, and those who use the internet for more than 4 h per day have higher odds of internet addiction. Thus, we recommend that health planners and policymakers pay attention to the use of the internet and internet addiction in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgeit Abebe Zewde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Tolossa
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Sofonyas Abebaw Tiruneh
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Melkalem Mamuye Azanaw
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Yideg Yitbarek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Walle Ayehu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tadeg Jemere Amare
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Zelalem Tilahun Muche
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tigabnesh Assfaw Fentie
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Melkamu Aderajew Zemene
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Metages Damite Melaku
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Chanie ES, Legas G, Zewude SB, Mekie M, Sewyew DA, Yehuala ED, Melkie A, Ambie MB, Assefa M, Admasu FT, Yitbarek GY, Asnakew S, Mersha M, Feleke DG. Time to develop severe acute malnutrition and its predictors among children living with HIV in the era of test and treat strategies at South Gondar hospitals, northwest, Ethiopia, 2021: a multicentre retrospective cohort study. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:38. [PMID: 35031007 PMCID: PMC8759177 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-03078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although severe acute malnutrition is a major public issue among HIV infected children, there is no prior evidence in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aims to assess the time to develop severe acute malnutrition and its predictors among children living with human immunodeficiency virus in Ethiopia, 2012. METHODS An institution based retrospective cohort study was conducted in South Gondar hospitals among 363 HIV infected children from February 10, 2014, to January 7, 2021. Epi-data version 3.1 was used to enter data, which was then exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. Besides, WHO (World Health Organization) Anthro Plus software was used to assess the nutritional status of the children. A standardized data extraction tool was used to collect the data. The Kaplan Meier survival curve was used to estimate the median survival time. The Cox-proportional hazard model assumption was checked via the Schoenfeld residual ph test and a stph plot. Bivariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were employed at 95% confidence intervals (CI). A variable having a p-value < 0.05 was considered a statistically significant predictor of severe acute malnutrition. RESULTS A total of 363 children living with HIV, 97 (26.72%) developed severe acute malnutrition during the follow-up period. The overall incidence rate was 5.4 (95% CI: 4.7-5.9) person per year with a total of 21, 492 months or 1791 years of observation. Moreover, the median survival time was 126 months. Treatment failure [AHR =3.4 (95% CI: 2.05-5.75)], CD4 count below threshold [AHR =2.5 (95% CI: 1.64-3.95)], and WHO stage III & IV [AHR =2.9 (95% CI: 1.74-4.73)] were all significant predictors of severe acute malnutrition. CONCLUSION The time to develop severe acute malnutrition was found to be very low. Treatment failure, CD4 count below threshold, and WHO stage III were all significant predictors of severe acute malnutrition. Hence, emphasizing those predictor variables is essential for preventing and controlling the occurrence of severe acute malnutrition among HIV infected children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermias Sisay Chanie
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Getasew Legas
- Department of Psychiatry, school of medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Shimeles Biru Zewude
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Maru Mekie
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Dagne Addisu Sewyew
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Enyew Dagnew Yehuala
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Abenezer Melkie
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Minale Bezie Ambie
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Mengesha Assefa
- Department of Public health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Yideg Yitbarek
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Sintayehu Asnakew
- Department of Psychiatry, school of medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Mekuant Mersha
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Dejen Getaneh Feleke
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Dejenie TA, G/Medhin MT, Admasu FT, Adella GA, Enyew EF, Kifle ZD, Seid MA, Mengstie MA, Abebe EC. Impact of objectively-measured sleep duration on cardiometabolic health: A systematic review of recent evidence. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1064969. [PMID: 36601010 PMCID: PMC9806213 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1064969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic disease is a spectrum of diseases including, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic syndrome. It is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with premature deaths being preventable. Currently, sleep has emerged as a potential target for cardiometabolic disease prevention. Several epidemiological studies have provided ample evidence that objectively measured short sleep duration increases the risk of cardiometabolic disease. However, the findings are inconsistent, and few studies measure sleep duration on cardiometabolic profiles objectively. Therefore, in this review, we focused on the recently published literature that explored the association between objectively measured sleep duration and cardiometabolic profiles (cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome), seeking more insights regarding the applicability and, in turn, the impact of objectively measured sleep duration on cardiometabolic health, which is relatively understudied. We retrieved the information manually from PubMed, Google Scholar, HINARI, and the Cochrane Library from 2015 to 2022 using appropriate search terms, we included 49 articles. In this review, we found a strong relationship between objectively measured sleep duration and the risk of cardiometabolic disease, indicating that objectively measured short sleep durations increase cardiometabolic risks. In general, the association between objectively measured sleep duration and increased cardiometabolic risks (CMR) has been well-documented in higher-income countries. Several studies found that longer sleep duration was associated with a more favorable cardiometabolic profile in early adolescence, independent of other risk factors. On the other hand, objectively measured short sleep duration is associated with adverse cardiometabolic health outcomes such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Markeshaw Tiruneh G/Medhin
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Asmare Adella
- Department of Reproductive health and nutrition, School of public health, Woliata Sodo University, Woliata Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Engidaw Fentahun Enyew
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Zemene Demelash Kifle
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Abdu Seid
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Misganaw Asmamaw Mengstie
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Endeshaw Chekol Abebe
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Feleke DG, Chanie ES, Admasu FT, Bahir S, Amare AT, Abate HK. Two-week prevalence of acute diarrhea and associated factors among under five year's children in Simada Woreda, South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021: a multi-central community based cross-sectional study. Pan Afr Med J 2022; 42:12. [PMID: 35812258 PMCID: PMC9228916 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.42.12.32599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction even if there were different control and prevention strategies were implemented in worldwide in general and in Ethiopia in particular. Diarrheal disease was still one of the top ten leading causes of morbidity. Hence, this study aims to assess prevalence and associated factors of acute diarrhea among under five years’ children in Simada District, Ethiopia, 2021. Methods community based cross-sectional study design, simple and systematic random sampling technique was used to select 8 kebeles and 717 study unit respectively from August 1-15 /2021 in Simada District. Data were analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 25. Binary logistic regression model was used to measure the association between dependent and independent variables. Bi-variables analysis at P < 0.05 was used to select independent variable to multi variable analysis. Results two-week prevalence of acute diarrhea was 14.5% (CI: 12.3%-17.3%). Mothers/caregivers child whose latrine was not clean (AOR=11.48(5.64-23.35)). Mothers/caregivers who had not handwashing facility (AOR=7.07(3.84-13.03)), mothers/caregivers who did not practice handwashing at critical time (AOR=5.92(2.58-13.70), mothers/caregivers who store water at home by jerican (AOR=8.6 (1.51-48.84)), and mothers/caregivers child who start supplementary feeding before six months (AOR=6.49(2.01-20.96)) had significant association with acute diarrhea morbidity. Conclusion two-week prevalence of acute diarrhea was low. Latrine cleanness, availability of handwashing facilities around latrine, handwashing practice at critical time for handwashing, knowledge on diarrhea transmission and prevention methods, storage of water by jerican and time of initiation of supplementary food had determinant factor of diarrheal disease's occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejen Getaneh Feleke
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
- Corresponding author: Dejen Getaneh Feleke, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
| | - Ermias Sisay Chanie
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Shimels Bahir
- Department of Amhara Health Bureau, Bhairdar, Ethiopia
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Tadele Admasu F. Knowledge and Proportion of COVID-19 Vaccination and Associated Factors Among Cancer Patients Attending Public Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021: A Multicenter Study. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:4865-4876. [PMID: 34848979 PMCID: PMC8627267 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s340324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer patients are classified as being at high risk of contracting COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and death and were recommended to have early access to the limited COVID-19 vaccine. However, there are limited studies on the knowledge and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among cancer patients. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the awareness, readiness, and associated factors among cancer patients. Methods Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 cancer patients from May to August, 2021. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect primary data. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression followed by multivariable analysis were performed to investigate the independent association of factors with the outcome variable. Finally, statistical significance was declared at P <0.05 using AOR and 95% CI. Results From the 422 cancer patients who participated, 77 (18.2%) had a history of COVID-19 infection, and 224 (55%) believe that the cancer disease will not make them more vulnerable to be infected by COVID-19. Accordingly, younger age (18–30 years) (AOR = 2.73: 95% CI: 0.18, 4.51), female (AOR = 6.4: 95% CI: 0.7, 13.8), having information about COVID-19 vaccine (AOR = 6.9: 95% CI: 3.1, 15.2), COVID-19 infection history (AOR = 6.0: 95% CI: 2.5, 11.8), duration since cancer diagnosis (≥10 years) (AOR= 6.2: 95% CI: 2.6, 14.7), and belief about the likelihood of dying of COVID-19 infection (AOR = 3.05: 95% CI: 1.03, 4.05) were the independent predictors of the likelihood of receiving COVID-19 vaccine among cancer patients. Conclusion This study has found significant cancer patients with poor knowledge about the vaccine, and the percentage of both the first and second round of COVID-19 vaccination was small. Therefore, information communication with cancer patients and oncologists about the COVID-19 vaccine may help to decrease vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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22
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Admasu FT, Melak A, Demissie B, Yenew C, Habtie ML, Bekele TT, Feyesa TO, Chanie ES, G/Medhin MT, Malik T, Dejenie TA. Occurrence and associated factors of aflatoxin M1 in raw cow milk in South Gondar Zone, North West Ethiopia, 2020. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:6286-6293. [PMID: 34760258 PMCID: PMC8565191 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin M1 is the most significant toxin of milk and milk products. It is immunosuppressive, mutagenic, and carcinogenic compounds to humans. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the concentration of aflatoxin M1 and its determinants in raw cow milk sample intended for human consumption in South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 100 dairy farmers from January to February 2020. Around 50 ml, 100 raw milk samples were collected for aflatoxin M1 analysis. A simple random sampling technique was applied to get the households. Binary and multivariate logistic regressions were used to see the association between predictor and outcome variables. From the 100 dairy farmers who had participated, 38% had heard about aflatoxin in the milk sample. Aflatoxin M1 was detected in the 99(99%) raw milk samples, of these 41 (41%) exceeded the limit of the European Union. The logistic regression analysis result showed that residence, awareness about the level of aflatoxin in the milk sample, management mold-contaminated animal feed, animal feed storage facility, and grazing systems were significantly associated with the high level of aflatoxin in the milk sample. Almost all milk samples analyzed were positive for aflatoxin M1, and 41% of samples were above the limit set by European Union. Many easily manageable and preventable factors were associated with higher levels of aflatoxin M1 in the milk sample than the European Union limit, which suggests continuous monitoring of milk and milk products is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department Medical BiochemistryCollege of Health SciencesDebre Tabor UniversityDebre TaborEthiopia
| | - Addisu Melak
- Department Medical BiochemistryCollege of Health SciencesDebre Tabor UniversityDebre TaborEthiopia
| | - Biruk Demissie
- Department of Social and Public HealthCollege of Health SciencesDebre Tabor UniversityDebre TaborEthiopia
| | - Chalachew Yenew
- Department of Social and Public HealthCollege of Health SciencesDebre Tabor UniversityDebre TaborEthiopia
| | - Mezgebu Legesse Habtie
- Department of Biochemistry, School of medicineCollege of Health and Medical SciencesHaramaya UniversityHararEthiopia
| | - Tigist Tefera Bekele
- Department of Biochemistry, School of medicineCollege of Health and Medical SciencesHaramaya UniversityHararEthiopia
| | - Teka Obsa Feyesa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of medicineCollege of Health and Medical SciencesHaramaya UniversityHararEthiopia
| | - Ermias Sisay Chanie
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health NursingDebre Tabor UniversityDebre TaborEthiopia
| | | | - Tabarak Malik
- Department of BiochemistrySchool of MedicineCollege of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of GondarGondarEthiopia
| | - Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie
- Department of BiochemistrySchool of MedicineCollege of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of GondarGondarEthiopia
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Asnakew S, Legas G, Belete A, Tadele Admasu F, Demilie K, Alebachew Bayih W, Sisay Chanie E, Tamire Negash T, Yideg Yitbarek G. Knowledge and attitude of the community towards epilepsy in Northwest Ethiopia: A huge gap on knowledge and attitude of the community. Epilepsy Behav Rep 2020; 15:100422. [PMID: 33681753 PMCID: PMC7907972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebr.2020.100422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The knowledge of the community was poor and their attitudes were negative. Residency and training affect knowledge and attitude of the community. Emphasis should be given on determinants of poor knowledge and negative attitude.
Background Misconception about epilepsy in Ethiopia is higher which in turn affects overall quality of life of the individuals. This research was aimed to assess knowledge and attitude of the community towards epilepsy in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Data was entered by Epi data version 4.2 and analyzed by SPSS version 24. Descriptive and analytical statistical procedures, with 95% confidence interval were employed and significance level was determined at p-value < 0.05. Result A total of 782 respondents were participated with the response rate of 96.1%. About 66.2% of respondents had poor knowledge and 67.0% had unfavorable attitude, towards epilepsy. In multivariate logistic regression, younger age, rural resident, not knew someone with epilepsy, did not have witness of seizure episode, and did not take prior training were associated with poor knowledge. Male sex, rural resident, did not know someone with epilepsy, did not have witness of seizure episode, did not take prior training, and had poor knowledge were associated with unfavorable attitude towards epilepsy. Conclusion Majority of participants had poor knowledge and unfavorable attitude. Public education about epilepsy is recommended to modify misconceptions and to promote positive attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sintayehu Asnakew
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Getasew Legas
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Amsalu Belete
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Fitalew Tadele Admasu
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science of Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Kassaw Demilie
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Wubet Alebachew Bayih
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Ermias Sisay Chanie
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Tadese Tamire Negash
- Department of Anaesthesia College of Health Science Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Yideg Yitbarek
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science of Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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