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Tessier E, Ruffier d'Epenoux L, Lartigue MF, Chaufour L, Plouzeau-Jayle C, Chenouard R, Guérin F, Tandé D, Lamoureux C, Bémer P, Corvec S. Comparison of the in vitro activities of delafloxacin and comparators against Staphylococcus epidermidis clinical strains involved in osteoarticular infections: a CRIOGO multicentre retrospective study. J Antimicrob Chemother 2024; 79:1045-1050. [PMID: 38507272 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkae071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Staphylococcus epidermidis bone and joint infections (BJIs) on material are often difficult to treat. The activity of delafloxacin has not yet been studied on S. epidermidis in this context. The aim of this study was to assess its in vitro activity compared with other fluoroquinolones, against a large collection of S. epidermidis clinical strains. METHODS We selected 538 S. epidermidis strains isolated between January 2015 and February 2023 from six French teaching hospitals. One hundred and fifty-two strains were ofloxacin susceptible and 386 were ofloxacin resistant. Identifications were performed by MS and MICs were determined using gradient concentration strips for ofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and delafloxacin. RESULTS Ofloxacin-susceptible strains were susceptible to all fluoroquinolones. Resistant strains had higher MICs of all fluoroquinolones. Strains resistant to ofloxacin (89.1%) still showed susceptibility to delafloxacin when using the Staphylococcus aureus 2021 CA-SFM/EUCAST threshold of 0.25 mg/L. In contrast, only 3.9% of the ofloxacin-resistant strains remained susceptible to delafloxacin with the 0.016 mg/L S. aureus breakpoint according to CA-SFM/EUCAST guidelines in 2022. The MIC50 was 0.094 mg/L and the MIC90 was 0.38 mg/L. CONCLUSIONS We showed low delafloxacin MICs for ofloxacin-susceptible S. epidermidis strains and a double population for ofloxacin-resistant strains. Despite the absence of breakpoints for S. epidermidis, delafloxacin may be an option for the treatment of complex BJI, including strains with MICs of ≤0.094 mg/L, leading to 64% susceptibility. This study underlines the importance for determining specific S. epidermidis delafloxacin breakpoints for the management of BJI on material.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tessier
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - L Ruffier d'Epenoux
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- INSERM, INCIT U1302, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - M F Lartigue
- Service de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, CHU Tours, Tours, France
- ISP, UMR1282, Université de Tours, INRAe, Tours, France
| | - L Chaufour
- Service de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, CHU Tours, Tours, France
| | - C Plouzeau-Jayle
- Service de Bactériologie et d'Hygiène hospitalière, CHU Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - R Chenouard
- Service de Bactériologie, CHU Angers, Angers, France
| | - F Guérin
- Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène hospitalière & CNR de la résistance aux Antibiotiques (laboratoire associé 'Entérocoques'), CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - D Tandé
- Unité de Bactériologie, Pôle de Biologie-Pathologie CHU Brest, Brest, France
| | - C Lamoureux
- Unité de Bactériologie, Pôle de Biologie-Pathologie CHU Brest, Brest, France
| | - P Bémer
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - S Corvec
- Service de Bactériologie et des Contrôles Microbiologiques, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- INSERM, INCIT U1302, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, Nantes F-44000, France
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Gout JF, Hao Y, Johri P, Arnaiz O, Doak TG, Bhullar S, Couloux A, Guérin F, Malinsky S, Potekhin A, Sawka N, Sperling L, Labadie K, Meyer E, Duharcourt S, Lynch M. Dynamics of gene loss following ancient whole-genome duplication in the cryptic Paramecium complex. Mol Biol Evol 2023:7156828. [PMID: 37154524 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msad107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole-genome duplications (WGDs) have shaped the gene repertoire of many eukaryotic lineages. The redundancy created by WGDs typically results in a phase of massive gene loss. However, some WGD-derived paralogs are maintained over long evolutionary periods, and the relative contributions of different selective pressures to their maintenance is still debated. Previous studies have revealed a history of three successive WGDs in the lineage of the ciliate Paramecium tetraurelia and two of its sister species from the P. aurelia complex. Here, we report the genome sequence and analysis of 10 additional P. aurelia species and one additional outgroup, revealing aspects of post-WGD evolution in 13 species sharing a common ancestral WGD. Contrary to the morphological radiation of vertebrates that putatively followed two WGD events, members of the cryptic P. aurelia complex have remained morphologically indistinguishable after hundreds of millions of years. Biases in gene retention compatible with dosage constraints appear to play a major role opposing post-WGD gene loss across all 13 species. In addition, post-WGD gene loss has been slower in Paramecium than in other species having experienced genome duplication, suggesting that the selective pressures against post-WGD gene loss are especially strong in Paramecium. A near complete lack of recent single-gene duplications in Paramecium provides additional evidence for strong selective pressures against gene-dosage changes. This exceptional dataset of 13 species sharing an ancestral WGD and two closely related outgroup species will be a useful resource for future studies on Paramecium as a major model organism in the evolutionary cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Francois Gout
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Yue Hao
- Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
- Cancer and Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Parul Johri
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Olivier Arnaiz
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Thomas G Doak
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- National Center for Genome Analysis Support, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Simran Bhullar
- Institut de biologie de l'ENS, Département de Biologie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Couloux
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 2 Rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Fréderic Guérin
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Malinsky
- Institut de biologie de l'ENS, Département de Biologie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alexey Potekhin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Protistology, Zoological Institute RAS, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia Sawka
- Institute of Systematic and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Science, 31-016 Krakow, Poland
| | - Linda Sperling
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Karine Labadie
- Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, 2 Rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Eric Meyer
- Institut de biologie de l'ENS, Département de Biologie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Inserm, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sandra Duharcourt
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Michael Lynch
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
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Limkin EJ, Guérin F, Espenel S, Terlizzi M, Martelli H, Haie-Meder C, Minard V, Chargari C. Use of an intravaginal spacer in young girls treated with brachytherapy for bladder neck rhabdomyosarcoma: Dosimetric impact for organs at risk sparing and acute tolerance. Cancer Radiother 2021; 26:486-490. [PMID: 34711484 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Interstitial brachytherapy is indicated as part of a conservative strategy for children with bladder and/or prostate rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), providing high local control probability with acceptable functional results. Vaginal and/or rectal complications were however reported, due to the close proximity to the implanted volume. We investigated the dosimetric impact of a vaginal spacer in terms of rectal and vaginal doses. METHODS AND PATIENTS Medical records of 12 consecutive female patients with bladder neck RMS, median age 32 months (range: 1.3-6 years), were reviewed. Five patients were treated prior to 2017 without a vaginal spacer and seven patients treated after 2017 had their brachytherapy delivered with a vaginal spacer placed at time of implant. RESULTS Minimal doses delivered to the most exposed 2cm3, 1cm3, and 0.5cm3 of the rectum were all statistically significantly lower among patients treated with a vaginal spacer, as compared to those treated without a spacer. Median rectal D2cm3 was 22GyEQD2 versus 38GyEQD2 (P=0.02), D1cm3 was 29GyEQD2 versus 51GyEQD2 (P=0.013), and D0.5cm3 was 32GyEQD2 versus 61GyEQD2 (P=0.017), with and without the vaginal spacer, respectively. The posterior vaginal wall D0.5cm3 dose was also significantly decreased, with median D0.5cm3 of 92GyEQD2 versus 54GyEQD2 (P<0.0001), with and without the spacer, respectively. Acute tolerance was excellent in all patients, with no need for replanning and no acute complication. CONCLUSIONS The use of vaginal spacers in brachytherapy of female pediatric patients with bladder neck RMS resulted in significantly decreased doses to the rectum and the posterior vaginal wall. Though the clinical impact of such dose reduction remains undemonstrated, routine utilization of a vaginal spacer could be a method to decrease long-term morbidity in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Limkin
- Department of radiation oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - F Guérin
- Department of pediatric surgery, Kremlin-Bicêtre university hospital, université Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - S Espenel
- Department of radiation oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - M Terlizzi
- Department of radiation oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - H Martelli
- Department of pediatric surgery, Kremlin-Bicêtre university hospital, université Paris-Saclay, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - C Haie-Meder
- Department of radiation oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - V Minard
- Department of pediatric oncology, Gustave Roussy, université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - C Chargari
- Department of radiation oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France.
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Meurant A, Isnard C, Guérin F, Malandain D, Morral y Segura J, Saint-Lorant G, de la Blanchardière A. Sous-utilisation du céfépime dans la prise en charge des entérobactéries du groupe 3. Infect Dis Now 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2021.06.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Sonigo G, Battistella M, Beylot-Barry M, Oro S, Franck N, Barete S, Boulinguez S, Dereure O, Bonnet N, Socié G, Brice P, Boccara O, Bodemer C, Adamski H, D’Incan M, Ortonne N, Fraitag S, Brunet-Possenti F, Dalle S, Suarez F, Marcais A, Skowron F, Haidar D, Maubec E, Bohelay G, Laroche L, Mahé A, Birckel E, Bouaziz JD, Brocheriou I, Dubois R, Faiz S, Fadlallah J, Ram-Wolff C, Carlotti A, Bens G, Balme B, Vergier B, Laurent-Roussel S, Deschamps L, Carpentier O, Moguelet P, Hervé G, Comoz F, Le Gall F, Leverger G, Finon A, Augereau O, Bléchet C, Kerdraon R, lamant L, Tournier E, Franck F, Costes-Martineau V, Szablewski V, Taix S, Beschet I, Guérin F, Sepulveda F, Bagot M, De Saint-Basile G, Michonneau D, De Masson A. Étude clinique à long terme et mutations HAVCR2 chez 70 patients atteints de lymphome T sous cutané à type de panniculite. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2019.09.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Berleur M, Guérin F, Massias L, Chau F, Poujade J, Cattoir V, Fantin B, de Lastours V. Activity of fosfomycin alone or combined with temocillin in vitro and in a murine model of peritonitis due to KPC-3- or OXA-48-producing Escherichia coli. J Antimicrob Chemother 2019; 73:3074-3080. [PMID: 30085154 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alternative therapeutic regimens are urgently needed against carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Fosfomycin often remains active against KPC and OXA-48 producers, but emergence of resistance is a major limitation. Our aim was to determine whether the association of temocillin with fosfomycin might be useful to treat KPC- or OXA-48-producing Escherichia coli infections. Methods Isogenic derivatives of E. coli CFT073 with blaKPC-3- or blaOXA-48-harbouring plasmids (named CFT073-KPC-3 and CFT073-OXA-48, respectively) were used. The addition of temocillin to fosfomycin was tested using the chequerboard method and time-kill curves as well as in a fatal peritonitis murine model. Mice were treated for 24 h with fosfomycin alone or in combination with temocillin. Bacterial loads, before and after treatment, were determined in the peritoneal fluid and fosfomycin-resistant mutants were detected. Results Temocillin MICs were 8, 32 and 256 mg/L for CFT073 (WT), CFT073-KPC-3 and CFT073-OXA-48, respectively. Fosfomycin MIC was 0.5 mg/L for all strains. The chequerboard experiments demonstrated synergy for all three strains. In time-kill curves, combining temocillin with fosfomycin was synergistic, bactericidal and prevented emergence of resistance for CFT073-pTOPO and CFT073-KPC-3, but not CFT073-OXA-48. In vivo, for the three strains, bacterial counts were lower in peritoneal fluid with the combination compared with fosfomycin alone (P < 0.001) and inhibited growth of resistant mutants in all cases. Conclusions The combination of fosfomycin and temocillin demonstrated a benefit in vitro and in vivo against E. coli strains producing KPC-3 or OXA-48-type carbapenemases. This combination prevented the emergence of fosfomycin resistance and proved to be more bactericidal than fosfomycin alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Berleur
- IAME, UMR1137, INSERM and Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - F Guérin
- CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, France
| | - L Massias
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Nord Val de Seine, Pharmacie, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - F Chau
- IAME, UMR1137, INSERM and Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - J Poujade
- IAME, UMR1137, INSERM and Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - V Cattoir
- CHU de Rennes, Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène Hospitalière, Rennes, France.,CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques (laboratoire associé "Entérocoques"), Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Unité Inserm U1230, Rennes, France
| | - B Fantin
- IAME, UMR1137, INSERM and Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Nord Val de Seine, Service de médecine interne, Clichy, France
| | - V de Lastours
- IAME, UMR1137, INSERM and Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Nord Val de Seine, Service de médecine interne, Clichy, France
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de Lambert G, Poirot C, Guérin F, Brugières L, Martelli H. Preservation of future fertility in pediatric patients with cancer. J Visc Surg 2018; 155 Suppl 1:S41-S46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Descloux S, Chanudet V, Serça D, Guérin F. Methane and nitrous oxide annual emissions from an old eutrophic temperate reservoir. Sci Total Environ 2017; 598:959-972. [PMID: 28468122 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Two greenhouse gases -methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) - were monitored monthly during one year (2011) at the Eguzon Reservoir in France. The objective of the study was to quantify for the first time in a temperate area the total emissions of these gases through the main emission pathways (diffusion and bubbling from the reservoir, degassing and downstream diffusion). The reservoir was impounded in 1926 and had, in 2011, a eutrophic status promoting high organic matter degradation and nitrification-denitrification, all favouring CH4 and N2O production. CH4 and N2O emissions were dominated by diffusion from the reservoir surface (respectively 78.0% and 92.3%). Ebullition was only observed for CH4 and accounted for 14.0% of total CH4 emissions. Downstream degassing and diffusion represented 8.1% of the total CH4 emissions and 7.7% of the total N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Descloux
- EDF - Hydro Engineering Centre - Environmental and Society Department - Savoie-Technolac, 73373 Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
| | - V Chanudet
- EDF - Hydro Engineering Centre - Environmental and Society Department - Savoie-Technolac, 73373 Le Bourget-du-Lac, France.
| | - D Serça
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, UMR5560, 14 Av. Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - F Guérin
- Université de Toulouse, UPS GET, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement; UR 234, GET, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France
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Chargari C, Martelli H, Guérin F, Mazeron R, Minard-Colin V, Deutsch E, Haie-Meder C. SP-0224: Brachytherapy for bladder/prostate rhabdomyosarcoma: clinical outcome and functional results. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)30667-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Chargari C, Martelli H, Guérin F, de Lambert G, Mazeron R, Minard-Collin V, Dumas I, Valteau-Couanet D, Haie-Meder C. Place of Brachytherapy as Part of the Multimodal Treatment of Pediatric Bladder-Neck and/or Prostate Rhabdomyosarcoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Barraud O, Isnard C, Lienhard R, Guérin F, Couvé-Deacon E, Martin C, Cattoir V, Ploy MC. Sulphonamide resistance associated with integron derivative Tn6326 in Actinotignum schaalii. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 71:2670-1. [PMID: 27261268 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- O Barraud
- INSERM, U1092, Limoges F-87000, France Université de Limoges, UMR-S1092, Faculté de Médecine, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, Limoges F-87025, France CHU Limoges, Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, 2 Av. Martin Luther King, Limoges F-87042, France
| | - C Isnard
- CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, France Université de Caen Normandie, EA 4655 (équipe 'Antibiorésistance'), Caen, France
| | - R Lienhard
- ADMED Microbiologie, La-Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland
| | - F Guérin
- CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, France Université de Caen Normandie, EA 4655 (équipe 'Antibiorésistance'), Caen, France CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques (laboratoire associé 'Entérocoques et résistances particulières des bactéries à Gram positif'), Caen, France
| | - E Couvé-Deacon
- INSERM, U1092, Limoges F-87000, France Université de Limoges, UMR-S1092, Faculté de Médecine, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, Limoges F-87025, France CHU Limoges, Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, 2 Av. Martin Luther King, Limoges F-87042, France
| | - C Martin
- INSERM, U1092, Limoges F-87000, France Université de Limoges, UMR-S1092, Faculté de Médecine, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, Limoges F-87025, France CHU Limoges, Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, 2 Av. Martin Luther King, Limoges F-87042, France
| | - V Cattoir
- CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, France Université de Caen Normandie, EA 4655 (équipe 'Antibiorésistance'), Caen, France CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques (laboratoire associé 'Entérocoques et résistances particulières des bactéries à Gram positif'), Caen, France
| | - M C Ploy
- INSERM, U1092, Limoges F-87000, France Université de Limoges, UMR-S1092, Faculté de Médecine, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, Limoges F-87025, France CHU Limoges, Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, 2 Av. Martin Luther King, Limoges F-87042, France
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Alexandre K, Chau F, Guérin F, Massias L, Lefort A, Cattoir V, Fantin B. Activity of temocillin in a lethal murine model of infection of intra-abdominal origin due to KPC-producing Escherichia coli. J Antimicrob Chemother 2016; 71:1899-904. [PMID: 27029848 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Temocillin is a 6-α-methoxy derivative of ticarcillin that shows in vitro activity against Enterobacteriaceae producing Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC). Our objective was to assess in vivo temocillin activity against KPC-producing Escherichia coli. METHODS Isogenic derivatives of the WT E. coli CFT073 producing KPC-2, KPC-3 or OXA-48 were constructed. An experimental murine model of intra-abdominal infection with sepsis was used. Mice were treated subcutaneously with temocillin 200 mg/kg every 2 h for 24 h, reproducing the duration of time that the free serum concentration of temocillin exceeded the MIC in humans with a regimen of 2 g every 12 h or 2 g every 8 h. Blood, peritoneal fluid (PF) and spleen were collected; 24 h survival and sterility rates were assessed. RESULTS Temocillin MICs were 8, 16, 32, and 256 mg/L for the susceptible strain and KPC-2-, KPC-3-, and OXA-48-producing strains, respectively. In mice treated with temocillin, significant bacterial reduction was obtained in PF, blood, and spleen for the susceptible strain and KPC-2- and KPC-3-producing strains (P < 0.001) but not for the OXA-48-producing strain. Sterility rates in PF were 53%, 10%, 0% and 0% (P < 0.001) and sterility rates in blood were 77%, 40%, 3% and 0% (P < 0.001), while survival rates were 97%, 97%, 57%, 0% (P < 0.001) for mice infected with the susceptible strain and KPC-2-, KPC-3- and OXA-48-producing strains, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In a lethal-infection model with bacteraemia from intra-abdominal origin, temocillin retained significant activity in PF, blood and spleen and prevented death in mice by effectively working against KPC-producing E. coli with temocillin MICs ≤16 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Alexandre
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - F Chau
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, F-75018 Paris, France Université Paris Diderot, IAME, UMR 1137, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - F Guérin
- Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, EA 4655 (Équipe "Antibio-résistance"), F-14032 Caen, France CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, F-14033 Caen, France
| | - L Massias
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, F-75018 Paris, France AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Nord Val de Seine, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, F-75018 Paris, France
| | - A Lefort
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, F-75018 Paris, France Université Paris Diderot, IAME, UMR 1137, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75018 Paris, France AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Nord Val de Seine, Service de Médecine Interne, F-92210 Clichy, France
| | - V Cattoir
- Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, EA 4655 (Équipe "Antibio-résistance"), F-14032 Caen, France CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, F-14033 Caen, France
| | - B Fantin
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, F-75018 Paris, France Université Paris Diderot, IAME, UMR 1137, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75018 Paris, France AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Nord Val de Seine, Service de Médecine Interne, F-92210 Clichy, France
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Serça D, Deshmukh C, Pighini S, Oudone P, Vongkhamsao A, Guédant P, Rode W, Godon A, Chanudet V, Descloux S, Guérin F. Nam Theun 2 Reservoir four years after commissioning: significance of drawdown methane emissions and other pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/hydro/2016001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Vergne A, Guérin F, Lienhard R, Le Coustumier A, Daurel C, Isnard C, Marty N, Poyart C, Cattoir V. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Helcococcus kunzii and molecular analysis of macrolide and tetracycline resistance. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 34:2057-61. [PMID: 26194694 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-015-2451-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Thanks to the recent advent of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) technology, Helcococcus kunzii is now easily identifiable and considered as an opportunistic pathogen. However, data about antimicrobial susceptibilities remain very limited. The aim of the study was, then, to assess its in vitro susceptibility to 18 antimicrobial agents and to investigate the genetic basis of macrolide and tetracycline resistance. Thirty-nine human clinical isolates of H. kunzii collected from 2008 to 2013 were studied, as well as the type strain ATCC 51366(T). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of penicillin G, amoxicillin, cefotaxime, imipenem, gentamicin, erythromycin, clindamycin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, tetracycline, tigecycline, vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, daptomycin, cotrimoxazole and rifampin were determined by the microdilution method. Screening for macrolide [erm(A) including erm(TR), erm(B), erm(C), erm(F), erm(T), erm(X), msr(A) and mef(A)] and tetracycline [tet(L), tet(M) and tet(O)] resistance genes was performed, as well as the detection of mutations in 23S rRNA. Except for one strain resistant to cefotaxime, all strains were categorised as susceptible to β-lactams, glycopeptides, linezolid, daptomycin and tigecycline. Whereas ciprofloxacin and gentamicin exhibited limited activity, 95% of strains were categorised as susceptible to levofloxacin. Concerning erythromycin, a bimodal distribution was observed, with 29 'wild-type' strains (MICs from 0.25 to 2 mg/L) and 11 'resistant' strains (MICs ≥ 256 mg/L), including ten harbouring erm(TR). Two isolates exhibited acquired tetracycline resistance (MICs of 16 mg/L) by the production of tet(M). This large study on the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of H. kunzii suggests that β-lactams (especially penicillins) should be preferred for the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vergne
- Laboratoire de Biologie, CH de Cahors, Cahors, France
| | - F Guérin
- Service de Microbiologie & CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, CHU de Caen, Caen, France.,Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, EA4655 (équipe "Antibio-résistance"), Caen, France
| | - R Lienhard
- ADMED Microbiologie, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland
| | | | - C Daurel
- Service de Microbiologie & CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - C Isnard
- Service de Microbiologie & CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, CHU de Caen, Caen, France.,Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, EA4655 (équipe "Antibio-résistance"), Caen, France
| | - N Marty
- Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - C Poyart
- Service de Bactériologie & CNR des Streptocoques, GH Cochin-Hôtel Dieu-Broca, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - V Cattoir
- Service de Microbiologie & CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques, CHU de Caen, Caen, France. .,Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, EA4655 (équipe "Antibio-résistance"), Caen, France.
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de La Blanchardière A, Dargère S, Guérin F, Daurel C, Saint-Lorant G, Verdon R, Cattoir V. Non-carbapenem therapy of urinary tract infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Med Mal Infect 2015; 45:169-72. [PMID: 25845927 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We determined the prevalence of ESBL Enterobacteriaceae in urinary tract infections among inpatients, identified risk factors of acquisition, and evaluated the effectiveness of alternatives to carbapenems. METHODS The clinical, microbiological, and therapeutic data as well as the outcomes were recorded for all ESBL-E positive urine samples for three months. RESULTS Thirty-one (4%) of the 762 Enterobacteriaceae positive cultures were ESBL producers. The predisposing conditions for being infected with those strains were: immunodepression (61%), recent hospitalization (52%), recent antibiotic therapy (52%), and urinary catheterization (61%). 19% of infections were community acquired. The seven cases of acute pyelonephritis and five of prostatitis were treated with piperacillin-tazobactam (5), fluoroquinolones (4), ceftazidime (2), or carbapenems (only 1) after specialized advice. Four (33%) patients relapsed at week 10: three were immunodepressed and three presented with bacteremia. CONCLUSIONS Alternatives to carbapenems (especially piperacillin-tazobactam) seem to be a good option for non-bacteremic UTI in immunocompetent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A de La Blanchardière
- Service des maladies infectieuses, CHU de Caen, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, 14033 Caen cedex 9, France.
| | - S Dargère
- Service des maladies infectieuses, CHU de Caen, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, 14033 Caen cedex 9, France
| | - F Guérin
- Service de microbiologie, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - C Daurel
- Service de microbiologie, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | | | - R Verdon
- Service des maladies infectieuses, CHU de Caen, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, 14033 Caen cedex 9, France
| | - V Cattoir
- Service de microbiologie, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
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Chanudet V, Guédant P, Rode W, Godon A, Guérin F, Serça D, Deshmukh C, Descloux S. Evolution of the physico-chemical water quality in the Nam Theun 2 Reservoir and downstream rivers for the first 5 years after impoundment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/hydro/2015001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Chanudet V, Smits J, Van Beek J, Boderie P, Guérin F, Serça D, Deshmukh C, Descloux S. Hydrodynamic and water quality 3D modelling of the Nam Theun 2 Reservoir (Lao PDR): predictions and results of scenarios related to reservoir management, hydrometeorology and nutrient input. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/hydro/2014009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Cornet M, De Lambert G, Guérin F, Fouquet V, Franchi-Abella S, Guettier C, Martelli H, Branchereau S. SFCP CO-73 - Tumeurs rhabdoïdes du foie : étude observationnelle de 5 cas pédiatriques. Arch Pediatr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(14)71711-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Andrey V, De Lambert G, Moktari M, Eleni-Trolli S, Benachi A, Senat M, Branchereau S, Guérin F, Martelli H, Fouquet V. SFCP CO-51 - Prise en charge unicentrique de 60 hernies de coupole diaphragmatique. Arch Pediatr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(14)71689-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Juhasz CC, Leduc A, Boyer C, Guérin F, Vernière C, Pruvost O, Wonni I, Ouedraogo L. First Report of Xanthomonas citri pv. citri Causing Asiatic Citrus Canker in Burkina Faso. Plant Dis 2013; 97:1653. [PMID: 30716843 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-13-0600-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Citrus canker, caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. citri, is a bacterial disease of economic importance in tropical and sub-tropical citrus-producing areas (EPPO-PQR online database). X. citri pv. citri causes severe infection in a wide range of citrus species, and induces erumpent, callus-like lesions with water-soaked margins leading to premature fruit drop and twig dieback. It has consequently been subjected to eradication efforts and international regulations. It was first described on the African continent in South Africa at the beginning of the 20th century, from which it was eventually eradicated. Since 2006, several outbreaks caused by phylogenetically diverse strains of X. citri pv. citri have been reported from several African countries (Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal, and Somalia). In July 2011, citrus canker in Burkina Faso was suspected in the area adjacent to the Sikassso Province of Mali where X. citri pv. citri has been confirmed. In November and December 2012, leaves of clementine (Citrus clementina), lemon (C. limon), Volkamer lemon (C. volkameriana), sweet orange (C. sinensis), tangelo (C. paradisi× C. reticulata), and mandarin (C. reticulata) were collected from orchards with trees showing symptoms of citrus canker in the Comoé, Houet, and Kénédougou provinces of Burkina Faso. Isolations performed using KC semi-selective medium (4) recovered 45 Xanthomonas-like strains. All Xanthomonas-like strains were tentatively identified as X. citri pv. citri by PCR (4/7 primers) using IAPAR 306 and sterile distilled water as the positive and negative controls, respectively (3). Among these, two strains (LK4-4 and LK4-5) produced a 'fuscans'-like brown diffusible pigment, a phenotype never reported previously for X. citri pv. citri. MultiLocus Sequence Analysis targeting six housekeeping genes (atpD, dnaK, efp, gltA, gyrB, and lepA) (1,2) fully identified seven strains from Burkina Faso (LJ301-1, LJ303-1, LK1-1, LK2-6, LK4-3, LK4-4, and LK4-5) as X. citri pv. citri (and not to any other Xanthomonas pathovars pathogenic to citrus or host range-restricted pathotypes of pathovar citri), and more specifically as sequence type ST2 which is composed mostly of pathotype A strains of X. citri pv. citri (2). The same seven strains were inoculated to at least four leaves of each of grapefruit cv. Henderson, Mexican lime SRA 140 (C. aurantifolia), Tahiti lime SRA 58 (C. latifolia), and sweet orange cv. Washington Navel, using a detached leaf assay (2). All strains developed typical erumpent, callus-like tissue at wound sites on all citrus species inoculated. No lesions developed on the negative control (sterile 10 mM tris buffer). Koch's postulate was fulfilled after reisolation of Xanthomonas-like yellow colonies from symptoms on Mexican lime produced by the seven strains. Boiled bacterial suspensions were assayed by PCR with 4/7 primers (3) and produced the expected 468-bp amplicon in contrast with the PCR negative control. To our knowledge, this is the first report of X. citri pv. citri in Burkina Faso. Citrus canker-free nurseries and grove sanitation should be implemented for reducing the prevalence of Asiatic canker in Burkina Faso and a thorough survey of citrus nurseries and groves in the region should be conducted. References: (1) N. F. Almeida et al. Phytopathology 100:208, 2010. (2) L. Bui Thi Ngoc et al. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 60:515, 2010. (3) J. S. Hartung et al. Phytopathology 86:95, 1996. (4) O. Pruvost et al. J. Appl. Microbiol. 99:803, 2005.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Juhasz
- CIRAD-Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, F-97410 France
| | - A Leduc
- CIRAD-Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, F-97410 France
| | - C Boyer
- CIRAD-Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, F-97410 France
| | - F Guérin
- CIRAD-Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, F-97410 France
| | - C Vernière
- CIRAD-Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, F-97410 France
| | - O Pruvost
- CIRAD-Université de la Réunion, UMR PVBMT, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, F-97410 France
| | - I Wonni
- Institut de l'Environnement et Recherches Agricoles, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - L Ouedraogo
- Institut de l'Environnement et Recherches Agricoles, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
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Guérin F, Bidault V, Gonzales E, Franchi-Abella S, De Lambert G, Branchereau S. Meso-Rex bypass for extrahepatic portal vein obstruction in children. Br J Surg 2013; 100:1606-13. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Meso-Rex bypass (MRB) and portosystemic surgical shunt (PSS) are both used to treat extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO) in children. The aim of this study was to analyse the outcome of MRB and PSS to select patients who could benefit from a prophylactic MRB.
Methods
This single-centre retrospective study of children who underwent either MRB or PSS for EHPVO was conducted between 1996 and 2010. Details of patient demographics and preoperative evaluation were collected. Success rates, defined as shunt patency after a minimum of 6 months and clearance of varices or symptoms, were compared. Determinants of outcomes were explored.
Results
Sixty-nine patients underwent a MRB or PSS. Median (interquartile range, i.q.r.) age at surgery was 6·6 (4·0–10·6) years. Twenty-four patients (35 per cent) had had a neonatal umbilical catheter (NUC) placed previously and 47 (68 per cent) had experienced an upper gastrointestinal bleed. Imaging assessment of the intrahepatic left portal vein was considered favourable in 40 patients. Of 43 MRBs attempted, 11 failed during surgery and four patients had persistent thrombosis after a median of 55 (i.q.r. 18–107) months. The success rate of MRB was 60 per cent (26 of 43) compared with 100 per cent (26 of 26) for PSS (P < 0·001). It was lower among patients in whom a NUC had been used (2 of 10 versus 24 of 33; P = 0·004), for procedures undertaken early in the series (6 of 16 versus 20 of 27; P = 0·020) and when the imaging pattern was unfavourable (0 of 5 versus 26 of 38; P = 0·006). On multivariable analysis, only a previous history of NUC predicted failure (P = 0·016).
Conclusion
Prophylactic MRB seems a good treatment option for EHPVO in children, but should be done only by an experienced team in patients with favourable imaging and without a previous history of NUC.
Presented in part to the 43rd Annual Meeting of the American Pediatric Surgical Association, San Antonio, Texas, USA, May 2012
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Affiliation(s)
- F Guérin
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris-Sud (Paris 11), 78 Rue du Général Leclerc, F94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - V Bidault
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris-Sud (Paris 11), 78 Rue du Général Leclerc, F94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - E Gonzales
- Department of Paediatric Hepatology, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris-Sud (Paris 11), 78 Rue du Général Leclerc, F94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - S Franchi-Abella
- Department of Paediatric Radiology, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris-Sud (Paris 11), 78 Rue du Général Leclerc, F94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - G De Lambert
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris-Sud (Paris 11), 78 Rue du Général Leclerc, F94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - S Branchereau
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris-Sud (Paris 11), 78 Rue du Général Leclerc, F94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Léon A, Appourchaux A, Bourdon N, Maillard K, Guérin F, Leclercq R. Increasing frequency of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in horses infections. J Equine Vet Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2012.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Pruvost O, Vernière C, Vital K, Guérin F, Jouen E, Chiroleu F, Ah-You N, Gagnevin L. Insertion sequence- and tandem repeat-based genotyping techniques for Xanthomonas citri pv. mangiferaeindicae. Phytopathology 2011; 101:887-893. [PMID: 21323466 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-11-10-0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Molecular fingerprinting techniques that have the potential to identify or subtype bacteria at the strain level are needed for improving diagnosis and understanding of the epidemiology of pathogens such as Xanthomonas citri pv. mangiferaeindicae, which causes mango bacterial canker disease. We developed a ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction targeting the IS1595 insertion sequence as a means to differentiate pv. mangiferaeindicae from the closely related pv. anacardii (responsible for cashew bacterial spot), which has the potential to infect mango but not to cause significant disease. This technique produced weakly polymorphic fingerprints composed of ≈70 amplified fragments per strain for a worldwide collection of X. citri pv. mangiferaeindicae but produced no or very weak amplification for pv. anacardii strains. Together, 12 tandem repeat markers were able to subtype X. citri pv. mangiferaeindicae at the strain level, distinguishing 231 haplotypes from a worldwide collection of 299 strains. Multilocus variable number of tandem repeats analysis (MLVA), IS1595-ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction, and amplified fragment length polymorphism showed differences in discriminatory power and were congruent in describing the diversity of this strain collection, suggesting low levels of recombination. The potential of the MLVA scheme for molecular epidemiology studies of X. citri pv. mangiferaeindicae is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Pruvost
- CIRAD, UMR Peuplements Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical CIRAD-Université de la Réunion, Pôle de Protection des Plantes, 7, chemin de l'Irat, 97410 Saint Pierre, Réunion, France.
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Agostini C, Agudelo PA, Bâ K, Barber PA, Bisol PM, Brouat C, Burgess TI, Calves I, Carrillo Avila M, Chow S, Cordes L, Da Silva D, Dalecky A, De Meester L, Doadrio I, Dobigny G, Duplantier JM, Evison SEF, Ford R, Fresneau D, Galetti PM, Gauthier P, Geldof S, Granjon L, Guérin F, St J Hardy GE, Hernandez Escobar C, Hima K, Hu J, Huang L, Humeau L, Jansen B, Jaquemet S, Jiang ZQ, Jung SJ, Kim BS, Kim CH, Kim JO, Lai CH, Laroche J, Lavergne E, Lawton-Rauh A, Le Corre M, Leach MM, Lee J, Leo AE, Lichtenzveig J, Lin L, Linde CC, Liu SF, Marino IAM, McKeown NJ, Nohara K, Oh MJ, Okamoto H, Oliver R, Olivera Angel M, Ornelas-García CP, Orsini L, Ostos Alfonso H, Othman AS, Papetti C, Patarnello T, Pedraza-Lara C, Piller KR, Poteaux C, Requier JB, Roziana MK, Semba Y, Sembene M, Shah RM, Shahril AR, Shao A, Shaw PW, Song L, Souza Ferreira R, Su YQ, Suzuki N, Tatard C, Taylor KM, Taylor PWJ, Thiam M, Valbuena R, Wang H, Yang BG, Yuan Q, Zajonz U, Zane L, Zhu L, Zhuang ZM, Zulaiha AR. Permanent genetic resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 October 2010-30 November 2010. Mol Ecol Resour 2011; 11:418-21. [PMID: 21429157 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02970.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This article documents the addition of 277 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Ascochyta rabiei, Cambarellus chapalanus, Chionodraco hamatus, Coptis omeiensis, Cynoscion nebulosus, Daphnia magna, Gerbillus nigeriae, Isurus oxyrinchus, Lates calcarifer, Metacarcinus magister, Oplegnathus fasciatus, Pachycondyla verenae, Phaethon lepturus, Pimelodus grosskopfii, Rotylenchulus reniformis, Scomberomorus niphonius, Sepia esculenta, Terapon jarbua, Teratosphaeria cryptica and Thunnus obesus. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Austropotamobius italicus, Cambarellus montezumae, Cambarellus puer, Cambarellus shufeldtii, Cambarellus texanus, Chionodraco myersi, Chionodraco rastrospinosus, Coptis chinensis, Coptis chinensis var. brevisepala, Coptis deltoidea, Coptis teeta, Orconectes virilis, Pacifastacus leniusculus, Pimelodus bochii, Procambarus clarkii, Pseudopimelodus bufonius, Rhamdia quelen, Sepia andreana, Sepiella maindroni, Thunnus alalunga, Thunnus albacares, Thunnus maccoyii, Thunnus orientalis, Thunnus thynnus and Thunnus tonggol.
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Affiliation(s)
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- Department of Biology-University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/b, Padua, Italy
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Raquillet C, Guérin F, Martelli H, Goldszmidt D, Gauthier F, Wildhaber B. SFCP-P08 – Chirurgie viscérale – Avaler des aimants : un pari dangereux. Arch Pediatr 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(08)72012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Raquillet C, Guérin F, Martelli H, Goldszmidt D, Gauthier F, Wildhaber BE. [Swallowing magnets: a dangerous game. A case report]. Arch Pediatr 2008; 15:1095-8. [PMID: 18434107 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2008.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2007] [Revised: 01/04/2008] [Accepted: 02/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Complications related to the ingestion of magnetic foreign bodies by children represents an affirmed health hazard in the United States. In France, an alert has been announced. We report the 1st case in France. Our aim is to alert pediatricians and emergency physicians and to draw attention to the particularities of this type of foreign body. Responsible for complications is the ingestion of at least 2 magnets, or 1 magnet and a metallic foreign body, with a time interval between ingestions. In these cases, it is strongly recommended to extract the foreign bodies with endoscopy if they have not yet passed the pylorus. For those further advanced in the intestinal tract, continuous observation is warranted and surgical extraction is indicated on apparition of 1st clinical symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Raquillet
- Service de chirurgie pédiatrique, hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, 78, rue du Général-Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France
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Bolot P, Guérin F, Bolie S, Saillant A, Castel C, Denavit MF, Benbrik N, Alissa K, Séaume H, Ropert JC, de Gennes C, de Mongolfier I, Boissinot C, Guillot F, Zupan-Simunek V. [Organization of patient management in level II centers in the Paris area: a prospective survey]. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris) 2003; 32:1S106-10. [PMID: 12592173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Perinatal asphyxia is a common emergency for both obstetricians and pediatricians. A prospective study was conducted in 14 maternity hospitals (type II centres) in the Paris suburbs in order to assess pediatric activity and neonatal morbidity associated with supposed perinatal asphyxia in term newborns. Pediatricians were called in at birth very frequently: 1/20 deliveries. Intubation and/or resuscitation procedures were needed in 20% of cases and 20% of infants were referred to a neonatal unit for birth asphyxia or associated pathology. Moderate encephalopathy was observed in 1.5% of all term newborns who needed medical intervention for supposed birth asphyxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bolot
- Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital Robert-Ballanger, 93602 Aulnay-sous-Bois Cedex
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Kickham JE, Guérin F, Stewart JC, Stephan DW. Five-Coordinate Carbides in Ti-Al-C Complexes Financial support from NSERC of Canada and Nova Chemicals Corporation is gratefully acknowledged. F.G. is grateful for the award of an NSERC Postdoctoral Fellowship. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2000; 39:3263-3266. [PMID: 11028071 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20000915)39:18<3263::aid-anie3263>3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JE Kickham
- School of Physical Sciences, Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Windsor Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4 (Canada)
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Affiliation(s)
- F Guérin
- School of Physical Sciences Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Windsor Windsor, ON, N9P 3P4 (Canada)
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Abstract
All three C-H bonds of a methyl group are activated in the reaction of [Cp(iPr(3)PN)Ti(SR)(2)] with AlMe(3) [Eq. (1)]. The Ti-Al-carbide clusters formed contain a severely distorted tetrahedral carbide carbon atom with a relatively short bond to Ti, which is attributed to a relative increase in the Lewis acidity of the Ti center as a result of the interaction of the S and N donors with Al.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Guérin
- School of Physical Sciences, Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Ontario, N9P 3P4 (Canada)
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Abstract
This critical review examines constructional apraxia from a cognitive neuropsychological perspective. To our knowledge, van Sommers (1989) is the only researcher to present a global cognitive model of drawing abilities. He organizes it into two hierarchical systems: Marr's model of visual perception and a graphic production system. The latter comprises four hierarchically organized components: depiction decisions, production strategy, contingent planning, and articulatory and economic constraints. Van Sommers' model will be discussed in light of other models and on the basis of empirical neuropsychological studies (Farah, 1984; Kosslyn & Koenig, 1992; Roncato, Sartori, Masterson, & Rumiati, 1987; van Sommers, 1989). We find that: (1) the Kosslyn and Koenig visual perception model describes more accurately the perceptual components underlying copying than the visual perception system of van Sommers' drawing model, (2) Van Sommers' arguments in favor of a depiction processing as opposed to visual imagery are not convincing, (3) Van Sommers' assumption that a production strategy is a component is unclear, and (4) articulatory and economic constraints are not cognitive components, but constraints imposed during action programming. This literature review leads to a discussion of future research topics and the specificity of constructional apraxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Guérin
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
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Hodara M, Bonithon-Kopp C, Courbon D, Guérin F, Richard J. [Extra-coronary atherosclerosis in documented coronary patients]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1998; 91:201-7. [PMID: 9749246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence and severity of extracoronary atherosclerosis in 728 patients (572 men and 156 women; average age 59 years) referred for coronary angiography and who had a history of coronary disease for at least 2 years, were assessed by ultrasonography. This population was divided into 3 groups: Group I, 115 patients without lesions at coronary angiography: Group II, 76 patients with mild coronary stenosis ang Group III, 537 patients with at least one severe coronary artery stenosis, a group which included 294 cases of single vessel disease. The authors observed a strong correlation between the presence, severity and diffusion of the coronary artery disease and ultra sonographic signs of peripheral arterial disease: the frequency increased regularly from 45% in Group I to 88% in patients with triple vessel disease in Group III. About two thirds of patients in Group III had carotid or lower limb atherosclerosis and half of them had atherosclerosis or aneurysm of the abdominal aorta. Severe peripheral lesions were not common but all the aortic aneurysms were observed in Group III. Similarly, simultaneous disease in all three peripheral arterial territories ranged from 12% in Group I to 51% in Group III. The risk of finding peripheral arterial disease was increased in patients with coronary artery disease compared with normal subjects. For each peripheral localisation, the risk was two-fold in cases of mild coronary disease and three or four-fold in patients with triple vessel disease in whom the risk of finding at least one severe peripheral lesion was multiplied by ten. The authors conclude that the prevalence and severity of ultrasonographic peripheral atherosclerosis in documented coronary patients was closely related to the presence, severity and diffusion of the coronary lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hodara
- Service des maladies cardiovasculaires, hôpital Cochin, Paris
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Guillard N, Spaulding C, Funck F, Py A, Chalet Y, Thebault B, Chauveau M, Guérin F. [Coronary angiography by left radial approach. A bi-center prospective pilot study]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1997; 90:1349-55. [PMID: 9539834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess prospectively the feasibility, safety and quality of coronary angiography performed by a left radial arterial approach. The investigation was performed under local anesthesia with a Lidocaine gel using Judkins 5f catheter. A bolus of heparin was injected intravenously at the start of the procedure (no heparin in phase 0.2 to 3.000 IU during phase 1 and 5.000 IU in phase 2). Between March 1994 and January 1996, after exclusion of 108 patients (15.1%) mainly because of an abnormal Allen test, coronary angiography was carried out in 540 patients aged 58.4 +/- 11.7 years, 85% of whom were men. The failure rate was 8%. The quality of opacification of the left coronary artery (scale 1 to 3) was 2.91 +/- 0.27 and of the right coronary artery was 2.96 +/- 0.18. There were no complications during the procedure. Analysis of the learning curve showed a failure rate decreasing to less than 5% after 60 procedures/operator. In the last 100 procedures, the failure rate fell to 3%, the canulation time was 2.2 +/- 2.5 min, the duration of fluoroscopy was 6.5 +/- 3.9 min and the duration of the procedure was 17.5 +/- 4.7 min (14.7 +/- 3.8 min, p < 0.01, by the femoral approach). Clinical and Doppler ultrasonographic follow-up revealed one in-hospital complication (a spontaneously regressive compressive haematoma). No clinical complications were observed at 3 months. Doppler ultrasonography showed the radial artery occlusion rate to be 71% in phase 0.32% in phase 1 and 3.2% in phase 2 (p < 0.0001). These results show that the left radial arterial approach for coronary angiography is safe and effective but requires a period of training. A 5.000 IU dose of heparin limits the risk of radial artery occlusion to 3%. The absence of complications in this large series which included the training period and the patient comfort suggest that this technique may be an excellent alternative to the femoral approach and especially the brachial approach when the Allen test is normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Guillard
- Service de cardiologie hôpital R. Dubos, Pontoise
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Guérin Y, Spaulding C, Desnos M, Funck F, Rahal S, Py A, Besse B, Tsocanakis O, Guérin F, Guérot C. Rotational atherectomy with adjunctive balloon angioplasty versus conventional percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in type B2 lesions: results of a randomized study. Am Heart J 1996; 131:879-83. [PMID: 8615305 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-8703(96)90168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A randomized pilot study was performed comparing conventional balloon angioplasty (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty [PTCA] group) and rotational atherectomy (RA) with a medium size burr (50% to 70% burr/artery ratio) with systematic adjunctive balloon angioplasty (RA group) in type B2 stenosis. A total of 64 patients were included. Primary success was 93.7% in the RA group and 87.5% in the PTCA group (p = NS). Technical failure with no complication occurred once in each group. Acute complications occurred in three patients in the PTCA group and in one in the RA group. Angiographic restenosis rates were similar (RA group: 39%, PTCA group: 42%, p = NS) with a follow-up rate of 93%. In type B2 lesions, when compared with conventional angioplasty, RA with systematic balloon angioplasty does not seem to increase procedural success, and the restenosis rate remains comparable. However, these results must be confirmed in a larger series of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Guérin
- Cardiology Department, Boucicaut Hospital, Paris, France
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Abstract
Among 138 patients treated with coronary angioplasty during acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 35 (25%) had stent implantation. Mean age was 56 years and 83% were men. Mean onset of chest pain was 6.0 +/- 5.3 hours, and previous thrombolytic therapy was given to 10 patients (29%). Infarct location was anterior in 19 (54%), inferior in 14 (40%), and lateral in 2 patients (6%). Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction trial flows 0,1, and 2 were seen in 24 (69%), 6 (17%), and 5 patients (14%), respectively. The culprit vessel was the left anterior descending artery in 18 (51%), right coronary artery in 14 (40%), left circumflex in 2 (6%), and left main coronary artery in 1 patient (3%). Mean vessel diameter was 3.3 +/- 0.3 mm. Indications were: primary in 5 (14%), suboptimal result in 8 (23%), nonocclusive dissection in 14 (40%), and occlusive dissection in 8 patients (23%). Angiographic thrombus after initial angioplasty was present in 12 patients (34%). A total of 46 stents were implanted; mean balloon diameter and pressure were 3.4 +/- 0.4 mm and 15.5 +/- 2.2 atm, respectively. Residual diameter stenosis was 4 +/- 7%. There were 2 deaths; sudden 1, and after elective coronary artery bypass grafting in the other; 2 patients (6%) had groin hematomas. Mean hospitalization was 9.9 +/- 5.0 days. Repeat angiography revealed no stent occlusion. With initial intravenous heparin for 3 to 7 days, all patients received aspirin and ticlopidine for 1 month. Thus, AMI is not a contraindication for stent implantation. The benefits of stenting are a high success rte, low residual diameter stenosis, and low incidence of in-hospital recurrent ischemia. Reduction in restenosis rate in this setting is likely but remains to be determined.
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Hodara M, Guérin F, Bonithon-Kopp C, Courbon D, Richard JL. [Detection of asymptomatic abdominal aorta in coronary disease patients having undergone coronarography]. J Mal Vasc 1995; 20:279-284. [PMID: 8586947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Detection of asymptomatic abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAAA) was studied in 780 patients whose coronary disease had been evolving for less than 2 years, who had undergone coronagraphy within the framework of the French ALAC Survey (Autres Localisations de l'Athérosclérose chez le Coronarien--other locations of atherosclerosis in coronary disease) and had an interpretable abdominal aortic echography. Clinical and echographic research detected 19 AAAA cases in 15 men and 4 women aged 53 to 77 years having at coronagraphy at least one stenosis > or = 70% on one of the 3 coronary trunks or > or = 50% on the commun trunk. Among the 577 coronary disease patients with at least one significant stenosis, the prevalence of AAAA was 3.3%. Seventeen aneurysms were missed at abdominal palpation. A subgroup of 458 patients aged 50 to 79 years had significant coronary stenosis without history of aortic surgery. There was no significant difference between the 19 AAAA cases and the 439 cases of coronary disease without aortic aneurysm, as regards risk factors, especially age, high blood pressure and tobacco consumption. On the other hand, the 19 AAAA cases had more diffused and more severe atherosclerotic lesions in the lower limbs and carotid arteries. Abdominal echography is essential for the detection of AAAA in patients with coronary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hodara
- Service des Maladies Cardio-Vasculaires, Hôpital Cochin, Paris
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de La Blanchardière A, Vayssier C, Duboc D, Jacquemin IE, Eymard B, Fardeau M, Maire I, Dreyfus G, Guérin F. [Severe cardiomyopathy revealing amylopectinosis. Two cases in adolescents from the same family]. Presse Med 1994; 23:1124-7. [PMID: 7971833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Type IV glycogen storage disease, also termed Andersen's disease or amylopectinosis, is a rare autosomic recessive hereditary disease usually caused by a deficit in glycogen branching enzyme. We report our observation of two siblings with type IV glycogen storage disease who had normal branching enzyme activity. The initial symptom was severe heart failure. A 14-year-old boy, born to consanguinous parents, was seen for severe global heart failure. Growth retardation had been diagnosed since the age of 6 and abnormal fatigability since the age of 12. Muscle and endomyocardium biopsies revealed abnormal glycogen storage with normal branching enzyme activity. The patient's condition improved after symptomatic treatment, but death occurred due to infectious complications after orthoptic heart transplantation. One year later, the proband's 12-year-old sister, with an uneventful personal medical history, was hospitalized for severe left ventricular failure. Muscle and liver biopsies demonstrated the same anomalies, again without branching enzyme deficiency in the liver. Heart failure was controlled with symptomatic care and the patient's current condition remains satisfactory. This observation demonstrates the clinical expression of familial type IV glycogen storage disease in patients with normal branching enzyme activity. Age at onset is quite variable, reported from 5 to 70 years, as is the clinical course before diagnosis.
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Fouchard J, Lazarus A, Py A, Lombard E, Guérin F. [Coronary embolism revealing mitral valve stenosis]. Presse Med 1994; 23:35-7. [PMID: 8127813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a case of myocardial infarction with normal coronary arteriography in a 39-year-old woman presenting with tight mitral stenosis complicated by atrial extrasystoles and spontaneous atrial contrast at echocardiography. The diagnosis of coronary embolism was most probable. Coronary embolism is a rare disease, usually due to a blood clot or, less frequently, to a vegetation of endocarditis starting in a heart valve. The left network is usually involved, with typical myocardial necrosis. Coronary arteriography is sufficient to make the diagnosis. Preventive treatment is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fouchard
- Service des Maladies cardiovasculaire, Groupe hospitalier Cochin, Paris
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Lazarus A, Py A, Guérin F, Valty J, Le Heuzey JY. [Arrhythmia and syndrome of obstructive sleep apnea in adults]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1993; 86:1753-9. [PMID: 8024377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Many nocturnal cardiac arrhythmias and conduction defects have been reported in the adult sleep apnoea syndrome. The most original is the great variability of the heart rate which is cyclical and related to the apnoeic episodes, and easily differentiated from simple respiratory sinus arrhythmia. It is characterised by an initial bradycardia followed by rebound tachycardia. The bradycardia is vagally dependent (inhibited by atropine) probably secondary to carotid chemoreceptor stimulation by the hypoxaemia. The tachycardia is mainly attributed to the cessation of vagal hypertonicity although catecholamine stimulation has been suggested. The origin of these changes is purely functional, regressing with treatment of apnoea (waking, tracheotomy), the maintenance of arterial oxygen concentrations with oxygen therapy and parasympathetic blockade (atropine). The intensity of the phenomenon is related to the degree of arterial desaturation, which is itself related to basal arterial saturation (SaO2) and the duration of the apnoeas. Prolonged systole due to paroxysmal sino-atrial or atrioventricular block may be observed at night in these patients. The influence of vagal overactivity is confirmed (suppression of vagotomy) with no organic pathology (diurnal absence, tracheotomy, normal electrophysiological testing) in favour of a relationship with apnoea. Though less common than conduction abnormalities, atrial arrhythmias (extrasystoles, flutter, fibrillation) are also possible complications of sleep apnoea. The absence of an organic substrate is indicated by their regression post-tracheotomy and the efficacy of atropine (again in favour of a vagally-induced mechanism). Finally, nocturnal ventricular hyper-excitabilty is sometimes observed, the probable mechanism being the association of severe hypoxaemias (SaO2 < 60%) and the increased sympathetic tone at the end of the apnoea.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lazarus
- Service de cardiologie, hôpital Cochin, Paris
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Guérin F. [Does markedly impaired left ventricular function contra-indicate surgery in patients with coronary or heart valve disease?]. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 1993; 42:537-40. [PMID: 8117047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Guérin
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Cochin, Paris
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Cabanes L, Mas JL, Cohen A, Amarenco P, Cabanes PA, Oubary P, Chedru F, Guérin F, Bousser MG, de Recondo J. Atrial septal aneurysm and patent foramen ovale as risk factors for cryptogenic stroke in patients less than 55 years of age. A study using transesophageal echocardiography. Stroke 1993; 24:1865-73. [PMID: 8248969 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.24.12.1865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE An association between atrial septal aneurysm and embolic events has been suggested. Atrial septal aneurysm has been shown to be associated with patent foramen ovale and, in some reports, with mitral valve prolapse. These two latter cardiac disorders have been identified as potential risk factors for ischemic stroke. The aim of this prospective study was to assess the role of atrial septal aneurysm as an independent risk factor for stroke, especially for cryptogenic stroke. METHODS We studied the prevalence of atrial septal aneurysm, patent foramen ovale, and mitral valve prolapse in 100 consecutive patients < 55 years of age with ischemic stroke who underwent extensive etiological investigations. We compared these results with those in a control group of 50 consecutive patients. The diagnosis of atrial septal aneurysm and patent foramen ovale relied on transesophageal echocardiography with a contrast study and that of mitral valve prolapse, on two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography. RESULTS Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that atrial septal aneurysm (odds ratio, 4.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.3 to 14.6; P = .01) and patent foramen ovale (odds ratio, 3.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.5 to 10; P = .003) but not mitral valve prolapse were significantly associated with the diagnosis of cryptogenic stroke. The stroke odds of a patient with both atrial septal aneurysm and patent foramen ovale were 33.3 times (95% confidence interval, 4.1 to 270) the stroke odds of a patient with neither of these cardiac disorders. For a patient with atrial septal aneurysm of > 10-mm excursion, the stroke odds were approximately 8 times the stroke odds of a patient with atrial septal aneurysm of < 10 mm. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that atrial septal aneurysm and patent foramen ovale are both significantly associated with cryptogenic stroke and that their association has a marked synergistic effect. Atrial septal aneurysms of > 10-mm excursion are associated with a higher risk of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cabanes
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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46
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Monségu J, Duboc D, Freychet L, Eymard B, Fardeau M, Becane HM, Willig TN, Guérin F. [Cardiac involvement in certain muscular diseases. Apropos of 216 cases]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1993; 86:1421-6. [PMID: 8010839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Myopathy may be associated with very variable cardiac involvement, the expression of which is related to the type of neuromuscular disease and also to the individual. This retrospective study, performed between 1986 and 1991, was undertaken to determine the prevalence of cardiac involvement in myopathy. A total of 216 subjects with an average age of 34 years were reviewed by clinical examination, ECG, echocardiography and Holter ECG monitoring. Some patients also underwent complementary radionuclide (scintigraphy, angiography) and electrophysiological investigations. The results confirmed cardiac disease in over a half of patients. Although 3/4 of the patients were asymptomatic from the cardiac point of view at the time of evaluation, the severity of certain lesions led to a number of specific therapeutic interventions. This suggests that simple, non-invasive cardiac diagnostic procedures should be undertaken systematically in the early stages of myopathic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Monségu
- Service des maladies cardiovasculaires, hôpital Cochin, Paris
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47
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Py A, Lazarus A, Spaulding C, Toussaint M, Planché C, Duboc D, Fouchard J, Guérin F. [Left pulmonary artery originating from the ascending aorta in tetralogy of Fallot. Therapeutic strategy]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1993; 86:1069-72. [PMID: 8291944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The authors report the rare case of a 12 year old child with an anomalous origin of the left pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta associated with Tetralogy of Fallot. This complex congenital malformation was treated surgically by a Deleval anastanosis between the right subclavian and right pulmonary arteries. The result was good with a 9 year follow-up, the patient having only Grade II effort duspnoea and cyanosis. The authors discuss the advantages and drawbacks of the different possible surgical approaches to this problem in the light of the outcome of this case and a review of the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Py
- Service de cardiologie, hôpital Cochin, Paris
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48
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Vann J, Lazarus A, Durand E, Morin Y, Duboc D, Guérin F. Exploration électro-physiologique et myopathie de Steinert. Rev Med Interne 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(05)80242-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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49
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Gonnard P, Donzeau-Gouge P, Toussaint M, Cornu C, Cabanes L, Beuzeboc P, Imbert MC, Touiza K, Fouchard J, Guérin F. [Primary leiomyosarcoma of the pulmonary artery. Apropos of a case. Review of the literature]. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 1992; 41:383-6. [PMID: 1285625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A 59-year-old woman hospitalised because of dyspnea and a heart murmur in a context of pyrexia was found to have evidence of obstruction of the pulmonary arterial system, clearly defined by ultrasonography, catheterisation and angiography and Imatron scan. The particular feature of this fifth reported case of pulmonary artery leiomyosarcoma is its documentation by transesophageal ultrasonography and tumor biopsy during catheterisation. Surgery with partial excision of the tumor was followed by survival for 6 months, bearing in mind the absence of chemo- or radiosensitivity of this type of tumor. Cases from the literature are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gonnard
- Service des Maladies Cardiovasculaires, Hôpital Cochin, Paris
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50
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Fouchard J, Le F, Py A, Guérin F. [Isolated atrial fibrillation. The risk of embolism and its prevention]. Presse Med 1992; 21:1117-22. [PMID: 1387952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether or not atrial fibrillation is alone, if not idiopathic, is difficult to determine. The risk of embolization in lone atrial fibrillation is distinctly higher in healthy subjects over 60 years of age when the left atrium is dilated. In chronic atrial fibrillation this risk is higher than in paroxysmal fibrillation, especially within the year following the onset of the arrhythmia. In most patients anticoagulant therapy is effective in the primary or secondary prevention of embolic accidents. In subjects older than 75 aspirin given in daily doses of 325 mg seems to give similar results. The risk of antithrombosis therapy must not be underevaluated. The alternative is to maintain or restore the sinus rhythm, even at an advanced age, if the arrhythmia is recent and the left atrium is moderately dilated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Fouchard
- Service des Maladies cardiovasculaires, Hôpital Cochin, Paris
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