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Santacruz A, Hernández-Mena D, Miranda-Gamboa R, De León GPP, Ornelas-García CP. Host-parasite interactions in perpetual darkness: Macroparasite diversity in the cavefish Astyanax mexicanus. Zool Res 2023; 44:782-792. [PMID: 37464936 PMCID: PMC10415763 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Astyanax mexicanus has repeatedly colonized cave environments, displaying evolutionary parallelisms in many troglobitic traits. Despite being a model system for the study of adaptation to life in perpetual darkness, the parasites that infect cavefish are practically unknown. In this study, we investigated the macroparasite communities in 18 cavefish populations from independent lineages and compared them with the parasite diversity found in their sister surface fish populations, with the aim of better understanding the role that parasites play in the colonization of new environments. Within the cavefish populations, we identified 13 parasite taxa, including a subset of 10 of the 27 parasite taxa known for the surface populations. Parasites infecting the cavefish belong to five taxonomic groups, including trematodes, monogeneans, nematodes, copepods, and acari. Monogeneans are the most dominant group, found in 14 caves. The macroparasites include species with direct life cycles and trophic transmission, including invasive species. Surprisingly, paired comparisons indicate higher parasite richness in the cavefish than in the surface fish. Spatial variation in parasite composition across the caves suggests historical and geographical contingencies in the host-parasite colonization process and potential evolution of local adaptations. This base-line data on parasite diversity in cavefish populations of A. mexicanus provides a foundation to explore the role of divergent parasite infections under contrasting ecological pressures (cave vs. surface environments) in the evolution of cave adaptive traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Santacruz
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City CP 04510, México. E-mail:
| | - David Hernández-Mena
- Departamento de Sistemas y Procesos Naturales, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Mérida, Ucú, Yucatán CP 97357, México
| | - Ramses Miranda-Gamboa
- Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Temixco, Morelos CP 62580, México
| | - Gerardo Pérez-Ponce De León
- Departamento de Sistemas y Procesos Naturales, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Mérida, Ucú, Yucatán CP 97357, México
| | - Claudia Patricia Ornelas-García
- Colección Nacional de Peces, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City CP 04510, México. E-mail:
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Garduño-Sánchez MAA, De Jesus-Bonilla V, Perea S, Miranda-Gamboa R, Herrera-García A, De la Maza Benignos M, Ornelas-García CP. Mitochondrial phylogeography and molecular evolution of the rhodopsin visual pigment in troglobitic populations of Astyanax mexicanus (De Filippi, 1853). Zool Res 2023; 44:761-775. [PMID: 37464933 PMCID: PMC10415764 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2022.437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cave-adapted animals provide a unique opportunity to study the evolutionary mechanisms underlying phenotypic, metabolic, behavioral, and genetic evolution in response to cave environments. The Mexican tetra ( Astyanax mexicanus) is considered a unique model system as it shows both surface and cave-dwelling morphs. To date, at least 33 different cave populations have been identified, with phylogenetic studies suggesting an origin from at least two independent surface lineages, thereby providing a unique opportunity to study parallel evolution. In the present study, we carried out the most exhaustive phylogeographic study of A. mexicanus to date, including cave and surface localities, using two mitochondrial markers (cytochrome b (cyt b) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I ( COI)) and nuclear rhodopsin visual pigment ( rho). Additionally, we inferred the molecular evolution of rho within the two contrasting environments (cave and surface) and across three geographic regions (Sierra de El Abra, Sierra de Guatemala, and Micos). In total, 267 individuals were sequenced for the two mitochondrial fragments and 268 individuals were sequenced for the rho visual pigment from 22 cave and 46 surface populations. Phylogeographic results based on the mitochondrial data supported the two-lineage hypothesis, except for the Pachón and Chica caves, whose introgression has been largely documented. The Sierra de El Abra region depicted the largest genetic diversity, followed by the Sierra de Guatemala region. Regarding the phylogeographic patterns of rho, we recovered exclusive haplogroups for the Sierra de El Abra (Haplogroup I) and Sierra de Guatemala regions (Haplogroup IV). Moreover, a 544 bp deletion in the rho gene was observed in the Escondido cave population from Sierra de Guatemala, reducing the protein from seven to three intramembrane domains. This change may produce a loss-of-function (LOF) but requires further investigation. Regarding nonsynonymous ( dN) and synonymous ( dS) substitution rates (omega values ω), our results revealed the prevailing influence of purifying selection upon the rho pigment for both cave and surface populations (ω<1), but relaxation at the El Abra region. Notably, in contrast to the other two regions, we observed an increase in the number of dN mutations for Sierra de El Abra. However, given that a LOF was exclusively identified in the Sierra de Guatemala region, we cannot dismiss the possibility of a pleiotropic effect on the Rho protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A A Garduño-Sánchez
- Colección Nacional de Peces, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Colección Nacional de Peces, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Vladimir De Jesus-Bonilla
- Colección Nacional de Peces, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Licenciatura en Ciencias Forenses, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México City, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Silvia Perea
- Colección Nacional de Peces, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Ramses Miranda-Gamboa
- Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Temixco, Morelos C.P. 62580, Mexico
| | - Andrea Herrera-García
- Colección Nacional de Peces, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Mauricio De la Maza Benignos
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, C.P. 66450, México
| | - Claudia Patricia Ornelas-García
- Colección Nacional de Peces, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México. E-mail:
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Andrade-González VM, Vázquez-Miranda H, Ornelas-García CP, Sosa-López JR. Ecological factors drive the divergence of morphological, colour and behavioural traits in cactus wrens (Aves, Troglodytidae). Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20230215. [PMID: 37312552 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of ecological mechanisms influencing organisms' phenotypic variation is a central subject of evolutionary biology. In this study, we characterized morphological, plumage colour and acoustic variation in cactus wrens Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus throughout its distribution. We assessed whether Gloger's, Allen's and Bergmann's ecogeographical rules, and the acoustic adaptation hypothesis relate to geographical trait variation. We analysed specimen coloration in belly and crown plumage, beak shape and structural song characteristics. We tested whether the subspecific classification or the peninsular/mainland groups mirrored the geographical variation in phenotypes and whether ecological factors were associated with patterns of trait variation. Our results suggest that colour, beak shape and acoustic traits varied across the range, in agreement with two lineages described by genetics. The simple versions of Gloger's and Allen's rules are related to variations in colour traits and morphology. Conversely, patterns of phenotypic variation did not support Bergmann's rule. The acoustic adaptation hypothesis supported song divergence for frequency-related traits. Phenotypic variation supports the hypothesis of two taxa: C. affinis in the Baja California peninsula and C. brunneicapillus in the mainland. The ecological factors are associated with phenotypic trait adaptations, suggesting that divergence between lineages could result from ecological divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Monserrath Andrade-González
- Colección Nacional de Aves, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, CP 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, CP 04510, México
| | - Hernán Vázquez-Miranda
- Colección Nacional de Aves, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, CP 04510, México
| | - Claudia Patricia Ornelas-García
- Colección Nacional de Peces, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, CP 04510, México
| | - José Roberto Sosa-López
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Oaxaca (CIIDIR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Santa Cruz Xoxocotlán, CP 71230, México
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Hernández-P R, Benítez HA, Ornelas-García CP, Correa M, Suazo MJ, Piñero D. Bergmann's Rule under Rocks: Testing the Influence of Latitude and Temperature on a Chiton from Mexican Marine Ecoregions. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:766. [PMID: 37372051 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Bergmann's rule relates the trend of increasing body size with higher latitudes, where colder climates are found. In the Mexican Pacific, three marine ecoregions are distinguishable across a latitudinal gradient. Stenoplax limaciformis is an abundant chiton species that is distributed on rocky shores in these ecoregions. Geometric morphometric analyses were performed to describe the shape and size variation of S. limaciformis between marine ecoregions that vary in sea surface temperature with latitude, thus testing Bergmann's rule. Individuals' body shape ranged from elongated to wide bodies. Although there was variation in chitons' body shape and size, the was no evidence of allometry among localities. The Gulf of California is the northernmost ecoregion evaluated in this work, where larger chitons were observed and lower sea surface temperature values were registered. The results suggest that S. limaciformis follows a trend to Bergmann's rule, such as endotherms. These mollusks do not need heat dissipation, but they do need to retain moisture. In addition, larger chitons were observed in zones with high primary productivity, suggesting that chitons do not delay their maturation due to food shortage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Hernández-P
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Hugo A Benítez
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Instituto Milenio Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos (BASE), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales y Sustentabilidad (CIRENYS), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Avenida Viel 1497, Santiago 8370993, Chile
| | - Claudia Patricia Ornelas-García
- Colección Nacional de Peces, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Margarita Correa
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Instituto Milenio Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos (BASE), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile
| | - Manuel J Suazo
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, CEDENNA, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - Daniel Piñero
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
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Moran RL, Richards EJ, Ornelas-García CP, Gross JB, Donny A, Wiese J, Keene AC, Kowalko JE, Rohner N, McGaugh SE. Selection-driven trait loss in independently evolved cavefish populations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2557. [PMID: 37137902 PMCID: PMC10156726 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37909-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Laboratory studies have demonstrated that a single phenotype can be produced by many different genotypes; however, in natural systems, it is frequently found that phenotypic convergence is due to parallel genetic changes. This suggests a substantial role for constraint and determinism in evolution and indicates that certain mutations are more likely to contribute to phenotypic evolution. Here we use whole genome resequencing in the Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus, to investigate how selection has shaped the repeated evolution of both trait loss and enhancement across independent cavefish lineages. We show that selection on standing genetic variation and de novo mutations both contribute substantially to repeated adaptation. Our findings provide empirical support for the hypothesis that genes with larger mutational targets are more likely to be the substrate of repeated evolution and indicate that features of the cave environment may impact the rate at which mutations occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Moran
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Emilie J Richards
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Claudia Patricia Ornelas-García
- Colección Nacional de Peces, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior S/N. CP 04510, D. F. México, México City, México
| | - Joshua B Gross
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alexandra Donny
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Jonathan Wiese
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Alex C Keene
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Johanna E Kowalko
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Nicolas Rohner
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, KU Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Suzanne E McGaugh
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
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Miranda-Gamboa R, Espinasa L, Verde-Ramírez MDLA, Hernández-Lozano J, Lacaille JL, Espinasa M, Ornelas-García CP. A new cave population of Astyanax mexicanus from Northern Sierra de El Abra, Tamaulipas, Mexico. SB 2023. [DOI: 10.3897/subtbiol.45.98434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Astyanax genus represents an extraordinary example of phenotypic evolution, being their most extreme examples the blind and depigmented morphs, which have evolved from independent surface-dwelling lineages. Among cave organisms, Astyanax cavefish is a prominent model system to study regressive evolution. Before this study, 34 cave populations were known for the Astyanax genus to be inhabited by the cave morph. The majority of those cave populations are distributed in Northeast México, at the Sierra Madre Oriental (32 cavefish), in three main areas: Sierra de Guatemala, Sierra de El Abra, and Micos, and two in the Balsas basin in the state of Guerrero, Mexico. In the present study, we describe a new cave population found 4.5 km Southward of Pachón cave, the most northern cave population known for the Sierra de El Abra limestone. El Refugio cave is a resurgence with a mixed population of fish with different levels of troglomorphism, and surface fish, resembling other hybrid populations within the Sierra de El Abra. Based on a mitochondrial DNA characterization of the 16S ribosomal DNA sequence, we could identify the mitochondrial lineage of this population, which was placed closely related to the “New Lineage”, sharing haplotypes with the surface (i.e. Arroyo Lagartos) and Pachón populations, instead of with the cave populations from Central Sierra de El Abra (e.g. Tinaja cave). El Refugio cave population gives additional evidence of the intricate history of this system, where migration, drift, and selection have shaped the evolution of the cave morphs through the independent episodes of the Astyanax mexicanus history.
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Moran RL, Jaggard JB, Roback EY, Kenzior A, Rohner N, Kowalko JE, Ornelas-García CP, McGaugh SE, Keene AC. Hybridization underlies localized trait evolution in cavefish. iScience 2022; 25:103778. [PMID: 35146393 PMCID: PMC8819016 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introgressive hybridization may play an integral role in local adaptation and speciation (Taylor and Larson, 2019). In the Mexican tetra Astyanax mexicanus, cave populations have repeatedly evolved traits including eye loss, sleep loss, and albinism. Of the 30 caves inhabited by A. mexicanus, Chica cave is unique because it contains multiple pools inhabited by putative hybrids between surface and cave populations (Mitchell et al., 1977), providing an opportunity to investigate the impact of hybridization on complex trait evolution. We show that hybridization between cave and surface populations may contribute to localized variation in traits associated with cave evolution, including pigmentation, eye development, and sleep. We also uncover an example of convergent evolution in a circadian clock gene in multiple cavefish lineages and burrowing mammals, suggesting a shared genetic mechanism underlying circadian disruption in subterranean vertebrates. Our results provide insight into the role of hybridization in facilitating phenotypic evolution. Hybridization leads to a localized difference in sleep duration within a single cave Genomic analysis identifies coding differences in Cry1A across cave pools Changes in Cry1A appear to be conserved in cavefish and burrowing mammals
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Soria-Barreto M, González-Díaz AA, Rodiles-Hernández R, Ornelas-García CP. Estimating the population size and habitat quality of the endangered fish Tlaloc hildebrandi in Mexico. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2022. [DOI: 10.3354/esr01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Garita-Alvarado CA, Garduño-Sánchez MA, Barluenga M, Ornelas-García CP. Genetic and ecomorphological divergence between sympatric Astyanax morphs from Central America. J Evol Biol 2021; 34:1752-1766. [PMID: 34545659 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Intraspecific ecological and morphological polymorphism can promote ecological speciation and the build-up of reproductive isolation. Here, we evaluate correlations among morphology, trophic ecology and genetic differentiation between two divergent morphs (elongate and deep-body) of the fish genus Astyanax in the San Juan River basin in Central America, to infer the putative evolutionary mechanism shaping this system. We collected the two morphs from three water bodies and analysed: (1) the correlation between body shape and the shape of the premaxilla, a relevant trophic morphological structure, (2) the trophic level and niche width of each morph, (3) the correspondence between trophic level and body and premaxillary shape, and (4) the genetic differentiation between morphs using mitochondrial and nuclear markers. We found a strong correlation between the body and premaxillary shape of the morphs. The elongate-body morph had a streamlined body, a premaxilla with acuter angles and a narrower ascending process, and a higher trophic level, characteristic of species with predatorial habits. By contrast, the deep-body morph had a higher body depth, a premaxilla with less acute angles and a broader trophic niche, suggesting generalist habits. Despite the strong correlation between morphological and ecological divergence, the morphs showed limited genetic differentiation, supporting the idea that morphs may be undergoing incipient ecological speciation, although alternative scenarios such as stable polymorphism or plasticity should also be considered. This study provides support for the role of ecological factors promoting diversification in both lake and stream-dwelling freshwater fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Garita-Alvarado
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
| | - Marco Antonio Garduño-Sánchez
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
| | - Marta Barluenga
- Departament of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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Beltrán-López RG, González-Díaz AA, Soria-Barreto M, Garduño-Sánchez MA, Xochitla-Castrejón C, Rodiles-Hernández R, Ornelas-García CP. Genetic diversity and structure of one of the most endangered freshwater fish species in Mexico: Tlaloc hildebrandi (Miller, 1950) and recognition of its evolutionarily significant units. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11952. [PMID: 34532157 PMCID: PMC8404570 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The endangered Chiapas killifish Tlaloc hildebrandi is an endemic freshwater species that lives in four subbasins of the Grijalva and Usumacinta basins, and one of the most geographically restricted species of the Produndulidae family. The species was originally described as endemic to springs in the high limestone plateau in San Cristóbal de Las Casas in the Río Amarillo subbasin (upper Grijalva basin). However, it was recently recorded in the Jataté and Tzaconejá subbasins in the upper Usumacinta basin, thereby expanding its known distribution range. The discovery of these populations is relevant not only for the conservation of the species but also for a better understanding of its evolutionary history. Currently, the scarce populations of T. hildebrandi, found in only a few localities in the Grijalva and Usumacinta basins, are fragmented and living under unfavorable conditions. Here, we analyzed three mitochondrial (mt-atp8&6 and mt-nd2) and one nuclear (nuc-s7) marker in order to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of T. hildebrandi. We found that, in comparison with other endangered freshwater fish species from Mexico, T. hildebrandi showed a lower level of genetic diversity (mt-nd2: h = 0.469, π = 0.0009; mt-atp8&6: h = 0.398, π = 0.001; and nuc-S7: h = 0.433, π = 0.001). Moreover, the analyzed populations exhibited a strong genetic structure in accordance with their geographic distribution, and can be placed into three genetic clusters: (1) Amarillo plus Chenhaló in the upper Grijalva basin, (2) Jataté, and (3) Tzaconejá, both in the upper Usumacinta basin. On the basis of our results, we propose the recognition of at least three evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) for the species and the urgent implementation of ex situ and in situ conservation and management efforts that consider the genetic background of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa G Beltrán-López
- Colección Nacional de Peces, Departamento de Zoología. Instituto de Biología, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alfonso A González-Díaz
- Colección de Peces, Departamento de Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Miriam Soria-Barreto
- Centro de Investigación de Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico.,Cátedra CONACYT. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur-Unidad San Cristóbal de Las Casas, San Cristobál de Las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico
| | | | - Carmela Xochitla-Castrejón
- Colección de Peces, Departamento de Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Rocío Rodiles-Hernández
- Colección de Peces, Departamento de Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico
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Garita-Alvarado CA, Barluenga M, Ornelas-García CP. Parallel evolution of morphs of Astyanax species (Teleostei: Characidae) in México and Central America. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Garita-Alvarado
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, México, D. F. Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior S/N. CP, México, D. F. Mexico
| | - Marta Barluenga
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, José Gutiérrez Abascal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia Patricia Ornelas-García
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior, México, D. F. Mexico
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Ornelas-García CP, Bautista A, Herder F, Doadrio I. Functional modularity in lake-dwelling characin fishes of Mexico. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3851. [PMID: 28951817 PMCID: PMC5611896 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Modular evolution promotes evolutionary change, allowing independent variation across morphological units. Recent studies have shown that under contrasting ecological pressures, patterns of modularity could be related to divergent evolution. The main goal of the present study was to evaluate the presence of modular evolution in two sister lacustrine species, Astyanax aeneus and A. caballeroi, which are differentiated by their trophic habits. Two different datasets were analyzed: (1) skull X-rays from 73 specimens (35 A. aeneus and 38 A. caballeroi) to characterize skull variation patterns, considering both species and sex effects. For this dataset, three different modularity hypotheses were tested, previously supported in other lacustrine divergent species; (2) a complete body shape dataset was also tested for four modularity hypotheses, which included a total of 196 individuals (110 Astyanax aeneus and 86 A. caballeroi). Skull shape showed significant differences among species and sex (P < 0.001), where Astyanax caballeroi species showed an upwardly projected mandible and larger preorbital region. For the skull dataset, the modularity hypothesis ranked first included three partitioning modules. While for the complete body dataset the best ranked hypothesis included two modules (head vs the rest of the body), being significant only for A. caballeroi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Patricia Ornelas-García
- Colección Nacional de Peces, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Amando Bautista
- Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Fabian Herder
- Sektion Ichthyologie, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ignacio Doadrio
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, Spain
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Ornelas-García CP, Martínez-Ramírez E, Doadrio I. Erratum to “A new species of killifish of the family Profundulidae from the highlandsof the Mixteca region, Mexico”. REV MEX BIODIVERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmb.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Hernández-Mena DI, Mendoza-Garfias B, Ornelas-García CP, Pérez-Ponce de León G. Phylogenetic position of Magnivitellinum Kloss, 1966 and Perezitrema Baruš & Moravec, 1967 (Trematoda: Plagiorchioidea: Macroderoididae) inferred from partial 28S rDNA sequences, with the establishment of Alloglossidiidae n. fam. Syst Parasitol 2016; 93:525-38. [PMID: 27307166 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-016-9645-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The systematic position of two genera of Macroderoididae McMullen, 1937, Perezitrema Baruš & Moravec, 1967 and Magnivitellinum Kloss, 1966 is reviewed based on a phylogenetic analysis of the interrelationships of 15 species of the family allocated into six genera, along with 44 species of plagiorchioid trematodes, using partial sequences of the 28S rRNA gene. Sequences were analysed through parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. The obtained topologies show Perezitrema as the sister taxon of three species of Macroderoides Pearse, 1924; the latter genus appears to be paraphyletic since another three species are not included in this group. Instead, Magnivitellinum was placed as the sister taxon of Alloglossidium Simer, 1929. These relationships are well supported by high bootstrap and posterior probability values. The resulting trees demonstrate that the family Macroderoididae, as currently conceived in taxonomic treatments, is not monophyletic. Magnivitellinum simplex Kloss, 1966 and Alloglossidium spp. were nested as sister taxa of members of the family Leptophallidae Dayal, 1938, whereas Perezitrema bychowskii Baruš & Moravec, 1967 and species of Macroderoides and Paramacroderoides Venard, 1941 were grouped with Auridistomum chelydrae (Stafford, 1900), a monotypic member of Auridistomidae Stunkard, 1924. Based on our results, a new family, Alloglossidiidae n. fam. was established to accommodate the genera Magnivitellinum and Alloglossidium.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Iván Hernández-Mena
- Laboratorio de Helmintología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, DF, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Berenit Mendoza-Garfias
- Laboratorio de Helmintología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | | | - Gerardo Pérez-Ponce de León
- Laboratorio de Helmintología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, DF, Mexico.
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Ornelas-García CP, Martínez-Ramírez E, Doadrio I. A new species of killifish of the family Profundulidae from the highlands of the Mixteca region, Mexico. REV MEX BIODIVERS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmb.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Ornelas-García CP, Rodiles-Hernández R, Mercado-Silva N. In memoriam. Dr. Edmundo Díaz-Pardo (1945-2013). REV MEX BIODIVERS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmb.2015.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Ornelas-García CP, Alda F, Díaz-Pardo E, Gutiérrez-Hernández A, Doadrio I. Genetic diversity shaped by historical and recent factors in the live-bearing twoline skiffia Neotoca bilineata. J Fish Biol 2012; 81:1963-1984. [PMID: 23130693 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2012.03456.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The endangered twoline skiffia Neotoca bilineata, a viviparous fish of the subfamily Goodeinae, endemic to central Mexico (inhabiting two basins, Cuitzeo and Lerma-Santiago) was evaluated using genetic and habitat information. The genetic variation of all remaining populations of the species was analysed using both mitochondrial and microsatellite markers and their habitat conditions were assessed using a water quality index (I(WQ)). An 80% local extinction was found across the distribution of N. bilineata. The species was found in three of the 16 historical localities plus one previously unreported site. Most areas inhabited by the remaining populations had I(WQ) scores unsuitable for the conservation of freshwater biodiversity. Populations showed low but significant genetic differentiation with both markers (mtDNA φ(ST) = 0.076, P < 0.001; microsatellite F(ST) = 0.314, P < 0.001). Borbollon, in the Cuitzeo Basin, showed the highest level of differentiation and was identified as a single genetic unit by Bayesian assignment methods. Rio Grande de Morelia and Salamanca populations showed the highest genetic diversity and also a high migration rate facilitated by an artificial channel that connected the two basins. Overall, high genetic diversity values were observed compared with other freshwater fishes (average N(a) = 16 alleles and loci and mean ±S.D. H(o) = 0.63 ± 0.10 and nucleotide diversity π = 0.006). This suggests that the observed genetic diversity has not diminished as rapidly as the species' habitat destruction. No evidence of correlation between habitat conditions and genetic diversity was found. The current pattern of genetic diversity may be the result of both historical factors and recent modifications of the hydrological system. The main threat to the species may be the rapid habitat deterioration and associated demographic stochasticity rather than genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Ornelas-García
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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Agostini C, Agudelo PA, Bâ K, Barber PA, Bisol PM, Brouat C, Burgess TI, Calves I, Carrillo Avila M, Chow S, Cordes L, Da Silva D, Dalecky A, De Meester L, Doadrio I, Dobigny G, Duplantier JM, Evison SEF, Ford R, Fresneau D, Galetti PM, Gauthier P, Geldof S, Granjon L, Guérin F, St J Hardy GE, Hernandez Escobar C, Hima K, Hu J, Huang L, Humeau L, Jansen B, Jaquemet S, Jiang ZQ, Jung SJ, Kim BS, Kim CH, Kim JO, Lai CH, Laroche J, Lavergne E, Lawton-Rauh A, Le Corre M, Leach MM, Lee J, Leo AE, Lichtenzveig J, Lin L, Linde CC, Liu SF, Marino IAM, McKeown NJ, Nohara K, Oh MJ, Okamoto H, Oliver R, Olivera Angel M, Ornelas-García CP, Orsini L, Ostos Alfonso H, Othman AS, Papetti C, Patarnello T, Pedraza-Lara C, Piller KR, Poteaux C, Requier JB, Roziana MK, Semba Y, Sembene M, Shah RM, Shahril AR, Shao A, Shaw PW, Song L, Souza Ferreira R, Su YQ, Suzuki N, Tatard C, Taylor KM, Taylor PWJ, Thiam M, Valbuena R, Wang H, Yang BG, Yuan Q, Zajonz U, Zane L, Zhu L, Zhuang ZM, Zulaiha AR. Permanent genetic resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 October 2010-30 November 2010. Mol Ecol Resour 2011; 11:418-21. [PMID: 21429157 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02970.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This article documents the addition of 277 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Ascochyta rabiei, Cambarellus chapalanus, Chionodraco hamatus, Coptis omeiensis, Cynoscion nebulosus, Daphnia magna, Gerbillus nigeriae, Isurus oxyrinchus, Lates calcarifer, Metacarcinus magister, Oplegnathus fasciatus, Pachycondyla verenae, Phaethon lepturus, Pimelodus grosskopfii, Rotylenchulus reniformis, Scomberomorus niphonius, Sepia esculenta, Terapon jarbua, Teratosphaeria cryptica and Thunnus obesus. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Austropotamobius italicus, Cambarellus montezumae, Cambarellus puer, Cambarellus shufeldtii, Cambarellus texanus, Chionodraco myersi, Chionodraco rastrospinosus, Coptis chinensis, Coptis chinensis var. brevisepala, Coptis deltoidea, Coptis teeta, Orconectes virilis, Pacifastacus leniusculus, Pimelodus bochii, Procambarus clarkii, Pseudopimelodus bufonius, Rhamdia quelen, Sepia andreana, Sepiella maindroni, Thunnus alalunga, Thunnus albacares, Thunnus maccoyii, Thunnus orientalis, Thunnus thynnus and Thunnus tonggol.
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Affiliation(s)
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- Department of Biology-University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/b, Padua, Italy
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Ornelas-García CP, Domínguez-Domínguez O, Doadrio I. Evolutionary history of the fish genus Astyanax Baird & Girard (1854) (Actinopterygii, Characidae) in Mesoamerica reveals multiple morphological homoplasies. BMC Evol Biol 2008; 8:340. [PMID: 19102731 PMCID: PMC2657800 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-8-340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2008] [Accepted: 12/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesoamerica is one of the world's most complex biogeographical regions, mostly due to its complex geological history. This complexity has led to interesting biogeographical processes that have resulted in the current diversity and distribution of fauna in the region. The fish genus Astyanax represents a useful model to assess biogeographical hypotheses due to it being one of the most diverse and widely distributed freshwater fish species in the New World. We used mitochondrial and nuclear DNA to evaluate phylogenetic relationships within the genus in Mesoamerica, and to develop historical biogeographical hypotheses to explain its current distribution. Results Analysis of the entire mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cytb) gene in 208 individuals from 147 localities and of a subset of individuals for three mitochondrial genes (Cytb, 16 S, and COI) and a single nuclear gene (RAG1) yielded similar topologies, recovering six major groups with significant phylogeographic structure. Populations from North America and Upper Central America formed a monophyletic group, while Middle Central America showed evidence of rapid radiation with incompletely resolved relationships. Lower Central America lineages showed a fragmented structure, with geographically restricted taxa showing high levels of molecular divergence. All Bramocharax samples grouped with their sympatric Astyanax lineages (in some cases even with allopatric Astyanax populations), with less than 1% divergence between them. These results suggest a homoplasic nature to the trophic specializations associated with Bramocharax ecomorphs, which seem to have arisen independently in different Astyanax lineages. We observed higher taxonomic diversity compared to previous phylogenetic studies of the Astyanax genus. Colonization of Mesoamerica by Astyanax before the final closure of the Isthmus of Panama (3.3 Mya) explains the deep level of divergence detected in Lower Central America. The colonization of Upper Mesoamerica apparently occurred by two independent routes, with lineage turnover over a large part of the region. Conclusion Our results support multiple, independent origins of morphological traits in Astyanax, whereby the morphotype associated with Bramocharax represents a recurrent trophic adaptation. Molecular clock estimates indicate that Astyanax was present in Mesoamerica during the Miocene (~8 Mya), which implies the existence of an incipient land-bridge connecting South America and Central America before the final closure of the Isthmus of Panama (~3.3 Mya).
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Patricia Ornelas-García
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, Madrid, Spain.
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