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Fasolo F, Winski G, Li Z, Wu Z, Winter H, Ritzer J, Glukha N, Roy J, Hultgren R, Pauli J, Busch A, Sachs N, Knappich C, Eckstein HH, Boon RA, Paloschi V, Maegdefessel L. The circular RNA Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated regulates oxidative stress in smooth muscle cells in expanding abdominal aortic aneurysms. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2023; 33:848-865. [PMID: 37680984 PMCID: PMC10481153 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a pathological widening of the aortic wall characterized by loss of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), extracellular matrix degradation, and local inflammation. This condition is often asymptomatic until rupture occurs, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates. Diagnosis is mostly accidental and the only currently available treatment option remains surgical intervention. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a novel class of regulatory non-coding RNAs that originate from backsplicing. Their highly stable loop structure, combined with a remarkable enrichment in body fluids, make circRNAs promising disease biomarkers. We investigated the contribution of circRNAs to AAA pathogenesis and their potential application to improve AAA diagnostics. Gene expression analysis revealed the presence of deregulated circular transcripts stemming from AAA-relevant gene loci. Among these, the circRNA to the Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated gene (cATM) was upregulated in human AAA specimens, in AAA-derived SMCs, and serum samples collected from aneurysm patients. In primary aortic SMCs, cATM increased upon angiotensin II and doxorubicin stimulation, while its silencing triggered apoptosis. Higher cATM levels made AAA-derived SMCs less vulnerable to oxidative stress, compared with control SMCs. These data suggest that cATM contributes to elicit an adaptive oxidative-stress response in SMCs and provides a reliable AAA disease signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fasolo
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Greg Winski
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhaolong Li
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Zhiyan Wu
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology and Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Hanna Winter
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia Ritzer
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Nadiya Glukha
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Joy Roy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rebecka Hultgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jessica Pauli
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Albert Busch
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medical Faculty, Carl Gustav Carus and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nadja Sachs
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Knappich
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Henning Eckstein
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Reinier A. Boon
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK 10785 Berlin, Partner Site Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Physiology, 1081 Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, 1081 Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Valentina Paloschi
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 10785 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
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Winter H, Winski G, Busch A, Chernogubova E, Fasolo F, Wu Z, Bäcklund A, Khomtchouk BB, Van Booven DJ, Sachs N, Eckstein HH, Wittig I, Boon RA, Jin H, Maegdefessel L. Targeting long non-coding RNA NUDT6 enhances smooth muscle cell survival and limits vascular disease progression. Mol Ther 2023; 31:1775-1790. [PMID: 37147804 PMCID: PMC10277891 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) orchestrate various biological processes and regulate the development of cardiovascular diseases. Their potential therapeutic benefit to tackle disease progression has recently been extensively explored. Our study investigates the role of lncRNA Nudix Hydrolase 6 (NUDT6) and its antisense target fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) in two vascular pathologies: abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) and carotid artery disease. Using tissue samples from both diseases, we detected a substantial increase of NUDT6, whereas FGF2 was downregulated. Targeting Nudt6 in vivo with antisense oligonucleotides in three murine and one porcine animal model of carotid artery disease and AAA limited disease progression. Restoration of FGF2 upon Nudt6 knockdown improved vessel wall morphology and fibrous cap stability. Overexpression of NUDT6 in vitro impaired smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration, while limiting their proliferation and augmenting apoptosis. By employing RNA pulldown followed by mass spectrometry as well as RNA immunoprecipitation, we identified Cysteine and Glycine Rich Protein 1 (CSRP1) as another direct NUDT6 interaction partner, regulating cell motility and SMC differentiation. Overall, the present study identifies NUDT6 as a well-conserved antisense transcript of FGF2. NUDT6 silencing triggers SMC survival and migration and could serve as a novel RNA-based therapeutic strategy in vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Winter
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Berlin, Germany
| | - Greg Winski
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Function Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albert Busch
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University, Munich, Germany; Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Medical Faculty, Carl Gustav Carus and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Francesca Fasolo
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Bohdan B Khomtchouk
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Derek J Van Booven
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nadja Sachs
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Henning Eckstein
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Functional Proteomics, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Partner Site Frankfurt Rhine-Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Reinier A Boon
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Partner Site Frankfurt Rhine-Main, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Physiology, 1081 Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, 1105 Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hong Jin
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Berlin, Germany; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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3
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Fasolo F, Paloschi V, Maegdefessel L. Long non-coding RNAs at the crossroad of vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation in atherosclerosis and neointimal formation. Atherosclerosis 2022:S0021-9150(22)01542-8. [PMID: 36513554 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite extraordinary advances in the comprehension of the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and the employment of very effective treatments, cardiovascular diseases are still a major cause of mortality and represent a large share of health expenditure worldwide. Atherosclerosis is a disease affecting the medium and large arteries, which consists of a progressive accumulation of fatty substances, cellular waste products and fibrous elements, which culminates in the buildup of a plaque obstructing the blood flow. Endothelial dysfunction represents an early pathological event, favoring immune cells recruitment and triggering local inflammation. The release of inflammatory cytokines and other signaling molecules stimulates phenotypic modifications in the underlying vascular smooth muscle cells, which, in physiological conditions, are responsible for the maintenance of vessels architecture while regulating vascular tone. Vascular smooth muscle cells are highly plastic and may respond to disease stimuli by de-differentiating and losing their contractility, while increasing their synthetic, proliferative, and migratory capacity. This phenotypic switching is considered a pathological hallmark of atherogenesis and is ruled by the activation of selective gene programs. The advent of genomics and the improvement of sequencing technologies deepened our knowledge of the complex gene expression regulatory networks mediated by non-coding RNAs, and favored the rise of innovative therapeutic approaches targeting the non-coding transcriptome. In the context of atherosclerosis, long non-coding RNAs have received increasing attention as potential translational targets, due to their contribution to the molecular dynamics modulating the expression of vascular smooth muscle cells contractile/synthetic gene programs. In this review, we will focus on the most well-characterized long non-coding RNAs contributing to atherosclerosis by controlling expression of the contractile apparatus and genes activated in perturbed vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fasolo
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), Berlin, Germany.
| | - Valentina Paloschi
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance (MHA), Berlin, Germany; Molecular Vascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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4
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Fasolo F, Jin H, Winski G, Chernogubova E, Pauli J, Winter H, Li DY, Glukha N, Bauer S, Metschl S, Wu Z, Koschinsky ML, Reilly M, Pelisek J, Kempf W, Eckstein HH, Soehnlein O, Matic L, Hedin U, Bäcklund A, Bergmark C, Paloschi V, Maegdefessel L. Long Noncoding RNA MIAT Controls Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesion Formation and Plaque Destabilization. Circulation 2021; 144:1567-1583. [PMID: 34647815 PMCID: PMC8570347 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.052023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators of biological processes involved in vascular tissue homeostasis and disease development. The present study assessed the functional contribution of the lncRNA myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) to atherosclerosis and carotid artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fasolo
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany; partner site Munich Heart Alliance (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., F.F., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel)
| | - Hong Jin
- Department of Medicine (H.J., G.W., E.C., A.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (H.J., L. Matic, U.H., C.B., L. Maegdefessel), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Greg Winski
- Department of Medicine (H.J., G.W., E.C., A.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ekaterina Chernogubova
- Department of Medicine (H.J., G.W., E.C., A.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jessica Pauli
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany; partner site Munich Heart Alliance (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., F.F., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel)
| | - Hanna Winter
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany; partner site Munich Heart Alliance (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., F.F., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel)
| | - Daniel Y Li
- Department of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (D.Y.L., M.R.)
| | - Nadiya Glukha
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany; partner site Munich Heart Alliance (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., F.F., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel)
| | - Sabine Bauer
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany; partner site Munich Heart Alliance (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., F.F., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel)
| | - Susanne Metschl
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany; partner site Munich Heart Alliance (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., F.F., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel)
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany; partner site Munich Heart Alliance (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., F.F., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel)
| | | | - Muredach Reilly
- Department of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (D.Y.L., M.R.)
| | - Jaroslav Pelisek
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland (J. Pelisek)
| | - Wolfgang Kempf
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany; partner site Munich Heart Alliance (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., F.F., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel)
| | - Hans-Henning Eckstein
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany; partner site Munich Heart Alliance (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., F.F., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel)
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Westphalian Wilhelms University, Munster, Germany (O.S.).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (O.S.).,Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany (O.S.)
| | - Ljubica Matic
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (H.J., L. Matic, U.H., C.B., L. Maegdefessel), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf Hedin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (H.J., L. Matic, U.H., C.B., L. Maegdefessel), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Bäcklund
- Department of Medicine (H.J., G.W., E.C., A.B.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claes Bergmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (H.J., L. Matic, U.H., C.B., L. Maegdefessel), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Valentina Paloschi
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany; partner site Munich Heart Alliance (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., F.F., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel)
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany; partner site Munich Heart Alliance (F.F., J. Pauli, H.W., F.F., N.G., S.B., S.M., Z.W., W.K., H.-H.E., V.P., L. Maegdefessel).,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (H.J., L. Matic, U.H., C.B., L. Maegdefessel), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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5
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Fasolo F, Di Gregoli K, Maegdefessel L, Johnson JL. Non-coding RNAs in cardiovascular cell biology and atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 115:1732-1756. [PMID: 31389987 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis underlies the predominant number of cardiovascular diseases and remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The development, progression and formation of clinically relevant atherosclerotic plaques involves the interaction of distinct and over-lapping mechanisms which dictate the roles and actions of multiple resident and recruited cell types including endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and monocyte/macrophages. The discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, and their identification as key mechanistic regulators of mRNA and protein expression has piqued interest in their potential contribution to atherosclerosis. Accruing evidence has revealed ncRNAs regulate pivotal cellular and molecular processes during all stages of atherosclerosis including cell invasion, growth, and survival; cellular uptake and efflux of lipids, expression and release of pro- and anti-inflammatory intermediaries, and proteolytic balance. The expression profile of ncRNAs within atherosclerotic lesions and the circulation have been determined with the aim of identifying individual or clusters of ncRNAs which may be viable therapeutic targets alongside deployment as biomarkers of atherosclerotic plaque progression. Consequently, numerous in vivo studies have been convened to determine the effects of moderating the function or expression of select ncRNAs in well-characterized animal models of atherosclerosis. Together, clinicopathological findings and studies in animal models have elucidated the multifaceted and frequently divergent effects ncRNAs impose both directly and indirectly on the formation and progression of atherosclerosis. From these findings' potential novel therapeutic targets and strategies have been discovered which may pave the way for further translational studies and possibly taken forward for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fasolo
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar-Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, Munich, Germany
| | - Karina Di Gregoli
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar-Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, Munich, Germany.,Molecular Vascular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:03, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich (Munich Heart Alliance), Munich, Germany
| | - Jason L Johnson
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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6
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Fasolo F, Patrucco L, Volpe M, Bon C, Peano C, Mignone F, Carninci P, Persichetti F, Santoro C, Zucchelli S, Sblattero D, Sanges R, Cotella D, Gustincich S. The RNA-binding protein ILF3 binds to transposable element sequences in SINEUP lncRNAs. FASEB J 2019; 33:13572-13589. [PMID: 31570000 PMCID: PMC6894054 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901618rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) compose about half of the mammalian genome and, as embedded sequences, up to 40% of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) transcripts. Embedded TEs may represent functional domains within lncRNAs, providing a structured RNA platform for protein interaction. Here we show the interactome profile of the mouse inverted short interspersed nuclear element (SINE) of subfamily B2 (invSINEB2) alone and embedded in antisense (AS) ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (Uchl1), an lncRNA that is AS to Uchl1 gene. AS Uchl1 is the representative member of a functional class of AS lncRNAs, named SINEUPs, in which the invSINEB2 acts as effector domain (ED)-enhancing translation of sense protein-coding mRNAs. By using RNA-interacting domainome technology, we identify the IL enhancer-binding factor 3 (ILF3) as a protein partner of AS Uchl1 RNA. We determine that this interaction is mediated by the RNA-binding motif 2 of ILF3 and the invSINEB2. Furthermore, we show that ILF3 is able to bind a free right Arthrobacter luteus (Alu) monomer sequence, the embedded TE acting as ED in human SINEUPs. Bioinformatic analysis of Encyclopedia of DNA Elements-enhanced cross-linking immunoprecipitation data reveals that ILF3 binds transcribed human SINE sequences at transcriptome-wide levels. We then demonstrate that the embedded TEs modulate AS Uchl1 RNA nuclear localization to an extent moderately influenced by ILF3. This work unveils the existence of a specific interaction between embedded TEs and an RNA-binding protein, strengthening the model of TEs as functional modules in lncRNAs.-Fasolo, F., Patrucco, L., Volpe, M., Bon, C., Peano, C., Mignone, F., Carninci, P., Persichetti, F., Santoro, C., Zucchelli, S., Sblattero, D., Sanges, R., Cotella, D., Gustincich, S. The RNA-binding protein ILF3 binds to transposable element sequences in SINEUP lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fasolo
- Area of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Laura Patrucco
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Volpe
- Central RNA Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova, Italy.,Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Napoli, Italy
| | - Carlotta Bon
- Area of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy.,Central RNA Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova, Italy
| | - Clelia Peano
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Flavio Mignone
- Department of Sciences and Innovation, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Piero Carninci
- Division of Genomic Technologies, Riken Center for Life Science Technologies, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Claudio Santoro
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Silvia Zucchelli
- Area of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Remo Sanges
- Area of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy.,Central RNA Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova, Italy.,Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Napoli, Italy
| | - Diego Cotella
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Stefano Gustincich
- Area of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy.,Central RNA Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova, Italy
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7
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Takahashi H, Kozhuharova A, Sharma H, Hirose M, Ohyama T, Fasolo F, Yamazaki T, Cotella D, Santoro C, Zucchelli S, Gustincich S, Carninci P. Identification of functional features of synthetic SINEUPs, antisense lncRNAs that specifically enhance protein translation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0183229. [PMID: 29414979 PMCID: PMC5802440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
SINEUPs are antisense long noncoding RNAs, in which an embedded SINE B2 element UP-regulates translation of partially overlapping target sense mRNAs. SINEUPs contain two functional domains. First, the binding domain (BD) is located in the region antisense to the target, providing specific targeting to the overlapping mRNA. Second, the inverted SINE B2 represents the effector domain (ED) and enhances translation. To adapt SINEUP technology to a broader number of targets, we took advantage of a high-throughput, semi-automated imaging system to optimize synthetic SINEUP BD and ED design in HEK293T cell lines. Using SINEUP-GFP as a model SINEUP, we extensively screened variants of the BD to map features needed for optimal design. We found that most active SINEUPs overlap an AUG-Kozak sequence. Moreover, we report our screening of the inverted SINE B2 sequence to identify active sub-domains and map the length of the minimal active ED. Our synthetic SINEUP-GFP screening of both BDs and EDs constitutes a broad test with flexible applications to any target gene of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazuki Takahashi
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Genomic Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ana Kozhuharova
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Genomic Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Harshita Sharma
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Genomic Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masakazu Hirose
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Genomic Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takako Ohyama
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Structural and Synthetic Biology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Francesca Fasolo
- Area of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste, Italy
| | - Toshio Yamazaki
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Structural and Synthetic Biology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Diego Cotella
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Claudio Santoro
- Department of Health Sciences & IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Silvia Zucchelli
- Area of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Stefano Gustincich
- Area of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Piero Carninci
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Genomic Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- TransSINE Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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8
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Zucchelli S, Cotella D, Takahashi H, Carrieri C, Cimatti L, Fasolo F, Jones MH, Sblattero D, Sanges R, Santoro C, Persichetti F, Carninci P, Gustincich S. SINEUPs: A new class of natural and synthetic antisense long non-coding RNAs that activate translation. RNA Biol 2016; 12:771-9. [PMID: 26259533 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2015.1060395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 10 years, it has emerged that pervasive transcription in mammalian genomes has a tremendous impact on several biological functions. Most of transcribed RNAs are lncRNAs and repetitive elements. In this review, we will detail the discovery of a new functional class of natural and synthetic antisense lncRNAs that stimulate translation of sense mRNAs. These molecules have been named SINEUPs since their function requires the activity of an embedded inverted SINEB2 sequence to UP-regulate translation. Natural SINEUPs suggest that embedded Transposable Elements may represent functional domains in long non-coding RNAs. Synthetic SINEUPs may be designed by targeting the antisense sequence to the mRNA of choice representing the first scalable tool to increase protein synthesis of potentially any gene of interest. We will discuss potential applications of SINEUP technology in the field of molecular biology experiments, in protein manufacturing as well as in therapy of haploinsufficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zucchelli
- a Area of Neuroscience ; SISSA ; Trieste , Italy
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9
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Patrucco L, Chiesa A, Soluri MF, Fasolo F, Takahashi H, Carninci P, Zucchelli S, Santoro C, Gustincich S, Sblattero D, Cotella D. Engineering mammalian cell factories with SINEUP noncoding RNAs to improve translation of secreted proteins. Gene 2015; 569:287-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Zucchelli S, Fasolo F, Russo R, Cimatti L, Patrucco L, Takahashi H, Jones MH, Santoro C, Sblattero D, Cotella D, Persichetti F, Carninci P, Gustincich S. SINEUPs are modular antisense long non-coding RNAs that increase synthesis of target proteins in cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:174. [PMID: 26029048 PMCID: PMC4429562 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent efforts in discovering novel long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and unveiling their functions in a wide range of biological processes their applications as biotechnological or therapeutic tools are still at their infancy. We have recently shown that AS Uchl1, a natural lncRNA antisense to the Parkinson's disease-associated gene Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal esterase L1 (Uchl1), is able to increase UchL1 protein synthesis at post-transcriptional level. Its activity requires two RNA elements: an embedded inverted SINEB2 sequence to increase translation and the overlapping region to target its sense mRNA. This functional organization is shared with several mouse lncRNAs antisense to protein coding genes. The potential use of AS Uchl1-derived lncRNAs as enhancers of target mRNA translation remains unexplored. Here we define AS Uchl1 as the representative member of a new functional class of natural and synthetic antisense lncRNAs that activate translation. We named this class of RNAs SINEUPs for their requirement of the inverted SINEB2 sequence to UP-regulate translation in a gene-specific manner. The overlapping region is indicated as the Binding Doman (BD) while the embedded inverted SINEB2 element is the Effector Domain (ED). By swapping BD, synthetic SINEUPs are designed targeting mRNAs of interest. SINEUPs function in an array of cell lines and can be efficiently directed toward N-terminally tagged proteins. Their biological activity is retained in a miniaturized version within the range of small RNAs length. Its modular structure was exploited to successfully design synthetic SINEUPs targeting endogenous Parkinson's disease-associated DJ-1 and proved to be active in different neuronal cell lines. In summary, SINEUPs represent the first scalable tool to increase synthesis of proteins of interest. We propose SINEUPs as reagents for molecular biology experiments, in protein manufacturing as well as in therapy of haploinsufficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Zucchelli
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Area of Neuroscience Trieste, Italy ; Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universita' del Piemonte Orientale Novara, Italy
| | - Francesca Fasolo
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Area of Neuroscience Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberta Russo
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Area of Neuroscience Trieste, Italy
| | - Laura Cimatti
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Area of Neuroscience Trieste, Italy
| | - Laura Patrucco
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universita' del Piemonte Orientale Novara, Italy
| | - Hazuki Takahashi
- Division of Genomic Technologies, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Claudio Santoro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universita' del Piemonte Orientale Novara, Italy
| | - Daniele Sblattero
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universita' del Piemonte Orientale Novara, Italy
| | - Diego Cotella
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universita' del Piemonte Orientale Novara, Italy
| | - Francesca Persichetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Universita' del Piemonte Orientale Novara, Italy
| | - Piero Carninci
- Division of Genomic Technologies, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies Yokohama, Japan
| | - Stefano Gustincich
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Area of Neuroscience Trieste, Italy
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11
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Castellazzi M, Contini C, Tamborino C, Fasolo F, Roversi G, Seraceni S, Rizzo R, Baldi E, Tola MR, Bellini T, Granieri E, Fainardi E. Epstein-Barr virus-specific intrathecal oligoclonal IgG production in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is limited to a subset of patients and is composed of low-affinity antibodies. J Neuroinflammation 2014; 11:188. [PMID: 25391491 PMCID: PMC4232674 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-014-0188-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate intrathecal production and affinity distributions of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific antibodies in multiple sclerosis (MS) and controls. METHODS Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum concentrations, quantitative intrathecal synthesis, oligoclonal bands (OCB) patterns and affinity distributions of anti-Epstein Barr virus (EBV) antibodies were evaluated in 100 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients and 200 age- and sex-matched controls with other inflammatory neurological disorders (OIND) and other noninflammatory neurological disorders (NIND). RESULTS Levels of anti-EBNA-1 and anti-viral capsid antigen (VCA) IgG were different in both the CSF (P <0.0001 and P <0.01, respectively) and serum (P <0.001 and P <0.05, respectively) among the RRMS, OIND and NIND. An intrathecal synthesis of anti-EBNA-1 IgG and anti-VCA IgG, as indicated by the antibody index, was underrepresented in the RRMS, OIND and NIND (range 1 to 7%). EBV-specific OCB were detected in 24% of the RRMS patients and absent in the controls. High-affinity antibodies were more elevated in the RRMS and in the OIND than in the NIND for CSF anti-EBNA-1 IgG (P <0.0001) and anti-VCA IgG (P <0.0001). After treatment with increasing concentrations of sodium thiocyanate, the EBV-specific IgG OCB had low affinity in all 24 RRMS patients analyzed. CONCLUSIONS Our findings do not support the potential role of an EBV persistent brain chronic infection in MS and suggest that an EBV-specific intrathecal oligoclonal IgG production can occur in a subset of MS patients as part of humoral polyreactivity driven by chronic brain inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Castellazzi
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124, Cona Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Carlo Contini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124, Cona Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Carmine Tamborino
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124, Cona Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Francesca Fasolo
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124, Cona Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Gloria Roversi
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124, Cona Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Silva Seraceni
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124, Cona Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Roberta Rizzo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124, Cona Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Baldi
- Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124, Cona Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Maria Rosaria Tola
- Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124, Cona Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Bellini
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124, Cona Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Enrico Granieri
- Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124, Cona Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Enrico Fainardi
- Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Via Aldo Moro 8, I-44124, Cona Ferrara, Italy.
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12
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Abstract
A passive system for neutron spectrometry has been tested in view of neutron dose evaluation in mixed radiation fields. This system, based on bubble detectors (Bubble Technology Industries, Ontario, Canada), is suitable to evaluate the neutron energy distribution in the range 10 keV-20 MeV even in the presence of intense gamma radiation, as required in various fields: medical x-ray accelerators, nuclear reactors, cosmic ray exposures on commercial high-altitude flights and space missions. A new unfolding code BUNTO has been especially developed for this application. In the present work, the results of two experimental tests are summarized. In the first one, the device has been exposed to a standard AmBe neutron source (Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Varese, Italy). In the second one, measurements have been carried out at the MAX-Lab photonuclear facility in Sweden, with a bremsstrahlung photon beam impinging on thick targets of different materials and generating a giant dipole resonance neutron spectrum. Simulations of the experimental apparatus have been performed with MCNP4B (AmBe source) and with MCNP4B-GN (MAX-Lab). Results of the comparison between experimental and calculated spectra are shown and discussed. A good agreement between measurements and simulation data is obtained in both the experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zanini
- INFN Sez. Torino, V P Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy.
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13
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Zanini A, Durisi E, Fasolo F, Ongaro C, Visca L, Nastasi U, Burn KW, Scielzo G, Adler JO, Annand JRM, Rosner G. Monte Carlo simulation of the photoneutron field in linac radiotherapy treatments with different collimation systems. Phys Med Biol 2004; 49:571-82. [PMID: 15005166 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/49/4/008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Bremsstrahlung photon beams produced by linac accelerators are currently the most commonly used method of radiotherapy for tumour treatments. When the photon energy exceeds 10 MeV the patient receives an undesired dose due to photoneutron production in the accelerator head. In the last few decades, new sophisticated techniques such as multileaf collimators have been used for a better definition of the target volume. In this case it is crucial to evaluate the photoneutron dose produced after giant dipole resonance (GDR) excitation of the high Z materials (mainly tungsten and lead) constituting the collimator leaves in view of the optimization of the radiotherapy treatment. A Monte Carlo approach has been used to calculate the photoneutron dose arising from the GDR reaction during radiotherapy with energetic photon beams. The simulation has been performed using the code MCNP4B-GN which is based on MCNP4B, but includes a new routine GAMMAN to model photoneutron production. Results for the facility at IRCC (Istituto per la Ricerca e la Cura del Cancro) Candiolo (Turin), which is based on 18 MV x-rays from a Varian Clinac 2300 C/D, are presented for a variety of different collimator configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zanini
- INFN Turin, Via P Giuria 1, 10125 Turin, Italy.
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14
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Zanini A, Durisi E, Fasolo F, Visca L, Ongaro C, Nastasi U, Burn KW, Annand JRM. Neutron spectra in a tissue equivalent phantom during photon radiotherapy treatment by LINACS. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2004; 110:157-160. [PMID: 15353639 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nch205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Bremsstrahlung photon beams produced by LINAC accelerators are currently the most used radiotherapy method for tumour treatments. When the photon energy exceeds the (gamma,n) reaction threshold energy, the patient receives an undesired dose due to photoneutron production both in the accelerator head and in the human body. In this paper, a method is presented for the assessment of the photoneutron spectra produced by Giant Dipole Resonance (GDR) during cancer radiotherapy with energetic photon beams. Experimental and numerical results have been obtained for the facility at Onkologik Klinik, Lund (Sweden), which is based on an ELEKTA 18 MV LINAC. Neutron spectra are evaluated both at the patient plane and inside an anthropomorphic phantom.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zanini
- INFN, Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, Italy
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15
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Rosi G, Gambarini G, Colli V, Gay S, Scolari L, Fiorani O, Perrone A, Nava E, Fasolo F, Visca L, Zanini A. Characterisation of the TAPIRO BNCT thermal facility. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2004; 110:651-654. [PMID: 15353725 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nch172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Dosimetry and spectrometry measurements have been carried out in the thermal column of the research fast reactor RSV-TAPIRO (ENEA-Casaccia, Rome) in order to investigate its suitability for irradiation of cells or mice, with a view to research in the interests of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). The thermal column consists of a graphite moderator (40 cm thick) containing a lead shield (13 cm thick) in order to shield reactor background. The irradiation volume, inside this structure, has cubic shape (18 x 18 x 18 cm3). Besides measurements of fluence and dose rates in air or in phantom performed with thermoluminescence dosemeters (TLDs) and using the activation technique, dose and fluence profiles have been generated using a method based on gel dosemeters analysed with optical imaging. To check the consistency of the results, spectrometry measurements in the same irradiation volume have been performed by means of bubble detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rosi
- ENEA FIS-ION, CR Casaccia, via Anguillarese 301, I-00060 Roma, Italy.
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16
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Akkurt I, Adler JO, Annand JRM, Fasolo F, Hansen K, Isaksson L, Karlsson M, Lilja P, Lundin M, Nilsson B, Ongaro C, Reiter A, Rosner G, Sandell A, Schröder B, Zanini A. Photoneutron yields from tungsten in the energy range of the giant dipole resonance. Phys Med Biol 2003; 48:3345-52. [PMID: 14620062 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/48/20/006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Photoneutron production on the nuclei of high-Z components of medical accelerator heads can lead to a significant secondary dose during a course of bremsstrahlung radiotherapy. However, a quantitative evaluation of secondary neutron dose requires improved data on the photoreaction yields. These have been measured as a function of photon energy, neutron energy and neutron angle for natW, using tagged photons at the MAX-Lab photonuclear facility in Sweden. This work presents neutron yields for natW(gamma, n) and compares these with the predictions of the Monte Carlo code MCNP-GN, developed specifically to simulate photoneutron production at medical accelerators.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Akkurt
- Physics Department, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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17
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Milano F, Munegato G, Fasolo F, Gracco L, Bortoletto A, Zotti EF. Psychoanalytic evaluation of a case study: does the colostomy reproduce the problems of childhood "anal phase"? J Enterostomal Ther 1987; 14:240-2. [PMID: 3693673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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