1
|
Viant MR, Amstalden E, Athersuch T, Bouhifd M, Camuzeaux S, Crizer DM, Driemert P, Ebbels T, Ekman D, Flick B, Giri V, Gómez-Romero M, Haake V, Herold M, Kende A, Lai F, Leonards PEG, Lim PP, Lloyd GR, Mosley J, Namini C, Rice JR, Romano S, Sands C, Smith MJ, Sobanski T, Southam AD, Swindale L, van Ravenzwaay B, Walk T, Weber RJM, Zickgraf FM, Kamp H. Demonstrating the reliability of in vivo metabolomics based chemical grouping: towards best practice. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1111-1123. [PMID: 38368582 PMCID: PMC10944399 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03680-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
While grouping/read-across is widely used to fill data gaps, chemical registration dossiers are often rejected due to weak category justifications based on structural similarity only. Metabolomics provides a route to robust chemical categories via evidence of shared molecular effects across source and target substances. To gain international acceptance, this approach must demonstrate high reliability, and best-practice guidance is required. The MetAbolomics ring Trial for CHemical groupING (MATCHING), comprising six industrial, government and academic ring-trial partners, evaluated inter-laboratory reproducibility and worked towards best-practice. An independent team selected eight substances (WY-14643, 4-chloro-3-nitroaniline, 17α-methyl-testosterone, trenbolone, aniline, dichlorprop-p, 2-chloroaniline, fenofibrate); ring-trial partners were blinded to their identities and modes-of-action. Plasma samples were derived from 28-day rat tests (two doses per substance), aliquoted, and distributed to partners. Each partner applied their preferred liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics workflows to acquire, process, quality assess, statistically analyze and report their grouping results to the European Chemicals Agency, to ensure the blinding conditions of the ring trial. Five of six partners, whose metabolomics datasets passed quality control, correctly identified the grouping of eight test substances into three categories, for both male and female rats. Strikingly, this was achieved even though a range of metabolomics approaches were used. Through assessing intrastudy quality-control samples, the sixth partner observed high technical variation and was unable to group the substances. By comparing workflows, we conclude that some heterogeneity in metabolomics methods is not detrimental to consistent grouping, and that assessing data quality prior to grouping is essential. We recommend development of international guidance for quality-control acceptance criteria. This study demonstrates the reliability of metabolomics for chemical grouping and works towards best-practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Viant
- Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - E Amstalden
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T Athersuch
- Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - M Bouhifd
- European Chemicals Agency, Telakkakatu 6, FI-00121, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Camuzeaux
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, National Phenome Centre, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - D M Crizer
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - P Driemert
- BASF Metabolome Solutions GmbH, Tegeler Weg 33, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - T Ebbels
- Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - D Ekman
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
| | - B Flick
- BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Str 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
- NUVISAN ICB GmbH, Toxicology, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - V Giri
- BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Str 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - M Gómez-Romero
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, National Phenome Centre, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - V Haake
- BASF Metabolome Solutions GmbH, Tegeler Weg 33, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Herold
- BASF Metabolome Solutions GmbH, Tegeler Weg 33, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Kende
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, RG42 6EY, UK
| | - F Lai
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, RG42 6EY, UK
| | - P E G Leonards
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P P Lim
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, RG42 6EY, UK
| | - G R Lloyd
- Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - J Mosley
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
| | - C Namini
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
| | - J R Rice
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - S Romano
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
| | - C Sands
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, National Phenome Centre, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - M J Smith
- Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - T Sobanski
- European Chemicals Agency, Telakkakatu 6, FI-00121, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A D Southam
- Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - L Swindale
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, RG42 6EY, UK
| | - B van Ravenzwaay
- BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Str 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Environmental Sciences Consulting, 67122, Altrip, Germany
| | - T Walk
- BASF Metabolome Solutions GmbH, Tegeler Weg 33, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - R J M Weber
- Phenome Centre Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - F M Zickgraf
- BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Str 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - H Kamp
- BASF Metabolome Solutions GmbH, Tegeler Weg 33, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bae KH, Lai F, Chen Q, Kurisawa M. Potentiating Gilteritinib Efficacy Using Nanocomplexation with a Hyaluronic Acid-Epigallocatechin Gallate Conjugate. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:225. [PMID: 38257023 PMCID: PMC10818662 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia carrying FMS-like tyrosine kinase receptor-3 (FLT3) mutations is a fatal blood cancer with a poor prognosis. Although the FLT3 inhibitor gilteritinib has recently been approved, it still suffers from limited efficacy and relatively high nonresponse rates. In this study, we report the potentiation of gilteritinib efficacy using nanocomplexation with a hyaluronic acid-epigallocatechin gallate conjugate. The self-assembly, colloidal stability, and gilteritinib loading capacity of the nanocomplex were characterized by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and dynamic light scattering technique. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the nanocomplex efficiently internalized into FLT3-mutated leukemic cells via specific interactions between the surface-exposed hyaluronic acid and CD44 receptor overexpressed on the cells. Moreover, this nanocomplex was found to induce an eradication of the leukemic cells in a synergistic manner by elevating the levels of reactive oxygen species and caspase-3/7 activities more effectively than free gilteritinib. This study may provide a useful strategy to design nanomedicines capable of augmenting the therapeutic efficacy of FLT3 inhibitors for effective leukemia therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hyun Bae
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, Centros #06-01, Singapore 138668, Singapore;
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging (IBB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos #08-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Fritz Lai
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, The Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore; (F.L.); (Q.C.)
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, The Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore; (F.L.); (Q.C.)
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Motoichi Kurisawa
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging (IBB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos #08-01, Singapore 138669, Singapore
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi 923-1292, Ishikawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou G, Xie D, Fan R, Yang Z, Du J, Mai S, Xie L, Wang Q, Mai T, Han Y, Lai F. Comparison of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Models of Sepsis-Associated Acute Lung Injury. Physiol Res 2023; 72:741-752. [PMID: 38215061 PMCID: PMC10805253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
To compare different rat models of sepsis at different time points, based on pulmonary or extrapulmonary injury mechanisms, to identify a model which is more stable and reproducible to cause sepsis-associated acute lung injury (ALI). Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to (1) cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) with single (CLP1 group) or two repeated through-and-through punctures (CLP2 group); (2) tail vein injection with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of 10mg/kg (IV-LPS10 group) or 20 mg/kg (IV-LPS20 group); (3) intratracheal instillation with LPS of 10mg/kg (IT-LPS10 group) or 20mg/kg (IT-LPS20 group). Each of the model groups had a sham group. 7-day survival rates of each group were observed (n=15 for each group). Moreover, three time points were set for additional experimental studying in each model group: 4 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours after modeling (every time point, n=8 for each group). Rats were sacrificed to collect BALF and lung tissue samples at different time points for detection of IL-6, TNF-alpha, total protein concentration in BALF and MPO activity, HMGB1 protein expression in lung tissues, as well as the histopathological changes of lung tissues. More than 50 % of the rats died within 7 days in each model group, except for the IT-LPS10 group. In contrast, the mortality rates in the two IV-LPS groups as well as the IT-LPS20 group were significantly higher than that in IT-LPS10 group. Rats received LPS by intratracheal instillation exhibited evident histopathological changes and inflammatory exudation in the lung, but there was no evidence of lung injury in CLP and IV-LPS groups. Rat model of intratracheal instillation with LPS proved to be a more stable and reproducible animal model to cause sepsis-associated ALI than the extrapulmonary models of sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Zhou
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kende A, Lai F, Lim PP, Swindale L, Hofstra A, Zhang F, McInnes E, Currie R, Cowie D. Mode of Action Hypothesis Testing in Chemical Safety Assessments Using Metabolomics as Supporting Evidence: Phenobarbital and Cyclobutrifluram Metabolomics Profile Comparison. Toxicol Lett 2023; 382:13-21. [PMID: 37164126 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In long term rodent studies administering Cyclobutrifluram (TYMIRIUM® Technology), a new agrochemical, there was a slight elevation of incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas in male CD-1 mice that was within the historical control range but appeared to be dose responsive. Cyclobutrifluram's ability to activate mouse constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) mediated gene transcription was confirmed in vitro, therefore a 28-day dietary toxicity study was conducted in vivo in male CD-1 mice to assess the CAR activation mode of action hypothesis of Cyclobutrifluram along with phenobarbital, a known CAR activator. In addition to other end points comprehensive (polar and lipidomic) hybrid metabolomics analyses were performed on terminal plasma and liver samples following 2-, 7- and 28-days dietary exposure to cyclobutrifluram and phenobarbital. The data generation and quality assessments were performed in line with the principles of the MEtabolomics standaRds Initiative in Toxicology (MERIT). First the full annotated feature set was used to compare the metabolomic changes induced by the administration of the two test substances using Shared and Unique Structures plots. This gave a comprehensive overview of the similarity of the two effect profiles showing good correlation and demonstrated that no other, alternative effect signatures were detected. Then the phenobarbital induced differentially abundant metabolites were selected, compared to the literature and their direction of change was assessed in cyclobutrifluram profiles, finding good agreement. Both approaches concluded that the metabolomics data supports the CAR activation hypothesis. Comparison of the metabolomic effect profiles can be a line of evidence in mode of action hypothesis testing in the chemical risk assessment process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kende
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta Canada Inc, Guelph, Canada
| | - F Lai
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta Canada Inc, Guelph, Canada.
| | - P P Lim
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta Canada Inc, Guelph, Canada
| | - L Swindale
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta Canada Inc, Guelph, Canada
| | - A Hofstra
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta Canada Inc, Guelph, Canada
| | - F Zhang
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta Canada Inc, Guelph, Canada
| | - E McInnes
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta Canada Inc, Guelph, Canada
| | - R Currie
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta Canada Inc, Guelph, Canada
| | - D Cowie
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta Canada Inc, Guelph, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bae KH, Lai F, Oruc B, Osato M, Chen Q, Kurisawa M. Self-Assembled Daunorubicin/Epigallocatechin Gallate Nanocomplex for Synergistic Reversal of Chemoresistance in Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010381. [PMID: 36613821 PMCID: PMC9820275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is one of the major challenges for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a bioactive polyphenol from green tea, has attracted immense interest as a potential chemosensitizer, but its application is limited due to the need for effective formulations capable of co-delivering EGCG and anti-leukemic drugs. Herein, we describe the formation and characterization of a micellar nanocomplex self-assembled from EGCG and daunorubicin, an anthracycline drug for the first-line treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. This nanocomplex was highly stable at pH 7.4 but stimulated to release the incorporated daunorubicin at pH 5.5, mimicking an acidic endosomal environment. More importantly, the nanocomplex exhibited superior cytotoxic efficacy against multidrug-resistant human leukemia cells over free daunorubicin by achieving a strong synergism, as supported by median-effect plot analysis. The observed chemosensitizing effect was in association with enhanced nucleus accumulation of daunorubicin, elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and caspase-mediated apoptosis induction. Our study presents a promising strategy for circumventing chemoresistance for more effective leukemia therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hyun Bae
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Fritz Lai
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, The Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Betul Oruc
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Motomi Osato
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, The Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Motoichi Kurisawa
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi 923-1292, Ishikawa, Japan
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bae KH, Lai F, Mong J, Niibori-Nambu A, Chan KH, Her Z, Osato M, Tan MH, Chen Q, Kurisawa M. Bone marrow-targetable Green Tea Catechin-Based Micellar Nanocomplex for synergistic therapy of Acute myeloid leukemia. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:481. [PMID: 36384529 PMCID: PMC9670631 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01683-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Currently available anti-leukemia drugs have shown limited success in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) due to their poor access to bone marrow niche supporting leukemic cell proliferation. Results Herein, we report a bone marrow-targetable green tea catechin-based micellar nanocomplex for synergistic AML therapy. The nanocomplex was found to synergistically amplify the anti-leukemic potency of sorafenib via selective disruption of pro-survival mTOR signaling. In vivo biodistribution study demonstrated about 11-fold greater bone marrow accumulation of the nanocomplex compared to free sorafenib. In AML patient-derived xenograft (AML-PDX) mouse model, administration of the nanocomplex effectively eradicated bone marrow-residing leukemic blasts and improved survival rates without noticeable off-target toxicity. Conclusion This study may provide insights into the rational design of nanomedicine platforms enabling bone marrow-targeted delivery of therapeutic agents for the treatment of AML and other bone marrow diseases. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-022-01683-4.
Collapse
|
7
|
Navarro Sánchez L, Ocali O, García Pascual C, Mamede Andrade G, Castelló Salom D, Lai F, Gross Dutra C, Rubio C, Simon C, Frantz N, Sakkas D. P-551 High concordance of the embryonic cell-free DNA with the inner cell mass: impact of blastocyst quality, patient age and mode of fertilization. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Does the embryonic cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the culture medium represent the chromosomal content of the inner cell mass (ICM)? Which factors impact concordance rates?
Summary answer
There is high ploidy concordance between ICM biopsies and embryonic cfDNA. This value is independent of female age, insemination technique and embryo quality.
What is known already
The existence of embryonic cfDNA in spent blastocyst medium (SBM) has been confirmed in recent studies, opening a new era of possibilities for non-invasive preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (niPGT-A). High concordance rates of cfDNA with trophectoderm (TE) biopsies and with whole blastocysts have been reported. However, the compartment(s) from where this DNA originates remain unclear. Both TE and ICM are potential sources, but, at the moment, the origin of this cfDNA is unknown as well as the mechanisms underlying its secretion into the medium.
Study design, size, duration
We carried out a prospective study to investigate the concordance of cfDNA with the corresponding TE and ICM biopsies. 141 day-6/7 blastocysts were donated for research after written informed consent signature for the project approved by the Ethics Committee. Embryos underwent TE biopsy and SBM collection in the same PGT-A cycle. ICM biopsy in thawed blastocysts was performed after TE biopsy diagnosis. cfDNA, TE and ICM biopsies were analyzed from January 2019 to November 2021.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Embryos were cultured in routine conditions up to day 4. They were then washed and transferred to a new 10μl culture medium droplet. On day 6, SBM was collected and frozen at -20 °C; and blastocyst biopsy and vitrification were performed. Subsequently, blastocysts were thawed and ICM biopsy was conducted. All samples were analyzed by NGS (Ion ReproSeq PGS kit, ThermoFisher Scientific) and the results were analyzed with customized algorithms for TE, ICM and cfDNA.
Main results and the role of chance
In combination, the three sample types (cfDNA, ICM and TE) were informative in 81.6% of the blastocysts (115/141).
Considering the ICM as the reference, ploidy concordance (i.e. being both euploid or aneuploid) for cfDNA was 86.1% (99/115) and for TE was 89.6% (103/115), without statistical difference. False positive rates were similar for cfDNA and for TE biopsies (6.1% and 9.6%, respectively), and false negative rates were not significantly different, but higher in cfDNA (7.8%) than in TE (0.9%), due to potential contamination with maternal DNA. Ploidy concordance between embryo cfDNA and TE biopsies was 89.6% (103/115).
When the results were stratified by female age (≤37 or > 37 years), insemination technique (ICSI or IVF), blastocyst expansion degree (expanded, hatching or fully hatched), and ICM/TE quality (A or B), the informativity of the cfDNA was very similar between the different groups and ranged from 83.7% to 100%. Nevertheless, there were subtle differences for ICM-cfDNA ploidy concordance. It was slightly increased for the older female age group (88.3% vs 83.6% female age ≤37) as well as for ICSI (89.7% vs 82.5% in IVF) and for ICM quality B (88.4% vs 80.0% for ICM A). None of those differences reached statistical significance.
Limitations, reasons for caution
When stratifying according to the different criteria, the sample size analyzed was too small to draw strong conclusions. Therefore, more studies, with bigger sample size, are needed to replicate the results.
Wider implications of the findings
The embryonic cfDNA released to the culture medium provides information of the overall blastocyst chromosomal constitution, as suggested by the high ploidy concordance rates reported between ICM and cfDNA. This supports the use of niPGT-A as an alternative to other invasive aneuploidy detection methods that require a biopsy.
Trial registration number
ClinicalTrials.gov. ID NCT03520933
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - O Ocali
- Boston IVF, Laboratory , Boston, U.S.A
| | | | - G Mamede Andrade
- Nilo Frantz Reproductive Medicine, Laboratory , Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - F Lai
- Boston IVF, Laboratory , Boston, U.S.A
| | - C Gross Dutra
- Nilo Frantz Reproductive Medicine, Laboratory , Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - C Rubio
- Igenomix, Embryo Research, Paterna- Valencia , Spain
| | - C Simon
- Igenomix Foundation- INCLIVA, Scientific Board , Valencia, Spain
| | - N Frantz
- Nilo Frantz Reproductive Medicine, Scientific Board , Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - D Sakkas
- Boston IVF, Laboratory , Boston, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
An X, Xiao L, Yang X, Tang X, Lai F, Liang XH. Economic burden of public health care and hospitalisation associated with COVID-19 in China. Public Health 2022; 203:65-74. [PMID: 35032917 PMCID: PMC8754688 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the socio-economic burden imposed on the Chinese healthcare system during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study was used to investigate how COVID-19 impacted health and medical costs in China. Data were derived from a subdivision of the Centers for Disease control and Prevention of China. METHODS We prospectively collected information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the designated hospitals to determine the cost of public health care and hospitalisation due to COVID-19. We estimated the resource use and direct medical costs associated with public health. RESULTS The average costs, per case, for specimen collection and nucleic acid testing (NAT [specifically, polymerase chain reaction {PCR}]) in low-risk populations were $29.49 and $53.44, respectively; however, the average cost of NAT in high-risk populations was $297.94 per capita. The average costs per 1000 population for epidemiological surveys, disinfectant, health education and centralised isolation were $49.54, $247.01, $90.22 and $543.72, respectively. A single hospitalisation for COVID-19 in China cost a median of $2158.06 ($1961.13-$2325.65) in direct medical costs incurred only during hospitalisation, whereas the total costs associated with hospitalisation of patients with COVID-19 were estimated to have reached nearly $373.20 million in China as of 20, May, 2020. The cost of public health care associated with COVID-19 as of 20, May, 2020 ($6.83 billion) was 18.31 times that of hospitalisation. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the magnitude of resources needed to treat patients with COVID-19 and control the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health measures implemented by the Chinese government have been valuable in reducing the infection rate and may be cost-effective ways to control emerging infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X An
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - L Xiao
- Disease Control and Prevention Center of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China
| | - X Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - X Tang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - F Lai
- Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Liang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Esiso F, Lai F, Cunningham D, Garcia D, Barrett B, Sakkas D. P–225 The effect of rapid and delayed insemination on reproductive outcome in conventional insemination and intracytoplasmic sperm injection invitro-fertilization cycles. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Does rapid or delayed insemination after egg retrieval affect fertilization, blastocyst development and live birth rates in CI and ICSI cycles?
Summary answer
When performing CI or ICSI <1.5h and >6.5h after retrieval, detrimental effects are moderate on fertilization but do not impact blastocyst usage and birth rates.
What is known already
Several studies have shown that CIor ICSI performed between 3 to 5 h after oocyte retrieval has improved laboratory outcomes. However, some studies indicate that insemination of oocytes, by either CI or ICSI, within 2 hours or more than 8 hours after oocyte retrieval has a detrimental effect on the reproductive outcome. With some ART centres experiencing an increase in workload, respecting these exact time intervals is frequently challenging.
Study design, size, duration
A single-center retrospective cohort analysis was performed on 6559 patients (9575 retrievals and insemination cycles) between January 1st2017 to July 31st2019. The main outcome measures were live-birth rates. Secondary outcomes included analysis of fertilization per all oocytes retrieved, blastocyst utilization, clinical pregnancy, and miscarriage rates. All analyses used time of insemination categorized in both CI and ICSI cycles. Fertilization rates across categories was analyzed by ANOVA and pregnancy outcomes compared using Chi-square tests.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
As part of laboratory protocol, oocyte retrieval was performed 36 h post-trigger. Cycles involving injection with testicular/epidydimal sperm, donor or frozen oocytes were excluded. The time interval between oocyte retrieval and insemination was analyzed in eight categories: 0 (0- <0.5h), 1 (0.5-<1.5h), 2 (1.5-<2.5h), 3 (2.5-<3.5h), 4 (3.5-<4.5), 5 (4.5-<5.5), 6 (5.5-<6.5) and 7 (6.5-<8h). The number of retrievals in each group (0–7) was 586, 1594, 1644, 1796, 1836, 1351, 641 and 127 respectively.
Main results and the role of chance
This study had a mean patient age of 36.0 years and mean of 12.2 oocytes per retrieval in each category. There were 4,955 CI and 4,620 ICSI retrievals. The smallest groups were time category 7 and 0 for CI and ICSI respectively. The results showed that the mean fertilization rate per egg retrieved for CI ranged from 54.1 to 64.9% with a significant difference between time category 0 and 5 (p < 0.001) and category 1 and 5 (p < 0.0.001). Mean fertilization rate for ICSI per egg retrieved ranged from 52.8 to 67.3% with no significant difference between time categories compared to category 5. Blastocyst utilization rate for CI and ICSI were not significantly different for all time categories. In the CI and ICSI groups there were 6,540 and 6,178 total fresh and frozen transfers. The miscarriage and clinical pregnancy rate in CI and ICSI were not significantly different across time categories. The overall mean live birth rate for CI was 32.4% (range: 23.1 to 35.5%). Live-birth rates differed significantly (p = 0.04) in CI with time categories 0 and 7 the lowest. In the ICSI group, the overall mean live birth rate was 30.8% (range: 29.1 to 35.7%),with no significant differences between time categories.
Limitations, reasons for caution
As this is a retrospective study, the influence of uncontrolled variables cannot be excluded. The group spread was uneven with the early and late time categories having the lowest number of representative retrievals and this could have affected the results obtained.
Wider implications of the findings: Our results indicate that both CI and ICSI are optimal when performed between 1.5–6.5 hours after oocyte retrieval. Further prospective studies on reproductive outcomes related to time of insemination are warranted. This data indicates a minimal detrimental effect when it is untenable to follow strict insemination time intervals.
Trial registration number
2015P000122
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Esiso
- BSM-University Pompeo Fabrau, Masters in Human Assisted Reproduction Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Lai
- Boston IVF, Embryology, Waltham, USA
| | | | - D Garcia
- Clínica Eugin, Department of Research and Development, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Barrett
- Boston IVF, Embryology, Waltham, USA
| | - D Sakkas
- Boston IVF, Embryology, Waltham, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Viral hepatitis particularly Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is still an ongoing health issue worldwide. Despite the vast technological advancements in research and development, only HBV vaccines, typically given during early years, are currently available as a preventive measure against acquiring the disease from a secondary source. In general, HBV can be cleared naturally by the human immune system if detected at low levels early. However, long term circulation of HBV in the peripheral blood may be detrimental to the human liver, specifically targeting human hepatocytes for cccDNA integration which inevitably supports HBV life cycle for the purpose of reinfection in healthy cells. Although there is some success in using nucleoside analogs or polyclonal antibodies targeting HBV surface antigens (HBsAg) in patients with acute or chronic HBV+ (CHB), majority of them would either respond only partially or succumb to the disease entirely unless they undergo liver transplants from a fully matched healthy donor and even so may not necessarily guarantee a 100% chance of survival. Indeed, in vitro/ex vivo cultures and various transgenic animal models have already provided us with a good understanding of HBV but they primarily lack human specificity or virus-host interactions in the presence of human immune surveillance. Therefore, the demand of utilizing humanized mice has increased over the last decade as a pre-clinical platform for investigating human-specific immune responses against HBV as well as identifying potential immunotherapeutic strategies in eradicating the virus. Basically, this review covers some of the recent developments and key advantages of humanized mouse models over other conventional transgenic mice platforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fritz Lai
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cherry Yong Yi Wee
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen J, Li Y, Lai F, Wang Y, Sutter K, Dittmer U, Ye J, Zai W, Liu M, Shen F, Wu M, Hu K, Li B, Lu M, Zhang X, Zhang J, Li J, Chen Q, Yuan Z. Functional Comparison of Interferon-α Subtypes Reveals Potent Hepatitis B Virus Suppression by a Concerted Action of Interferon-α and Interferon-γ Signaling. Hepatology 2021; 73:486-502. [PMID: 32333814 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Interferon (IFN)-α, composed of numerous subtypes, plays a crucial role in immune defense. As the most studied subtype, IFN-α2 has been used for treating chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, with advantages of finite treatment duration and sustained virologic response, but its efficacy remains relatively low. This study aimed to screen for IFN-α subtypes with the highest anti-HBV potency and to characterize mechanisms of IFN-α-mediated HBV restriction. APPROACH AND RESULTS Using cell culture-based HBV infection systems and a human-liver chimeric mouse model, IFN-α subtype-mediated antiviral response and signaling activation were comprehensively analyzed. IFN-α14 was identified as the most effective subtype in suppression of HBV covalently closed circular DNA transcription and HBV e antigen/HBV surface antigen production, with median inhibitory concentration values approximately 100-fold lower than those of the conventional IFN-α2. IFN-α14 alone elicited IFN-α and IFN-γ signaling crosstalk in a manner similar to the combined use of IFN-α2 and IFN-γ, inducing multiple potent antiviral effectors, which synergistically restricted HBV replication. Guanylate binding protein 5, one of the most differentially expressed genes between IFN-α14-treated and IFN-α2-treated liver cells, was identified as an HBV restriction factor. A strong IFN-α-IFN-α receptor subunit 1 interaction determines the anti-HBV activity of IFN-α. The in vivo anti-HBV activity of IFN-α14 and treatment-related transcriptional patterns were further confirmed, and few adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS A concerted IFN-α and IFN-γ response in liver, which could be efficiently elicited by IFN-α subtype 14, is associated with potent HBV suppression. These data deepen the understanding of the divergent activities of IFN-α subtypes and the mechanism underlying the synergism between IFN-α and IFN-γ signaling, with implications for improved IFN therapy and HBV curative strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS)School of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yaming Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS)School of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Fritz Lai
- Institute of Molecular and Cell BiologyAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingaporeSingapore
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS)School of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Kathrin Sutter
- Institute for VirologyUniversity Hospital EssenUniversity of Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
| | - Ulf Dittmer
- Institute for VirologyUniversity Hospital EssenUniversity of Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
| | - Jianyu Ye
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS)School of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenjing Zai
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS)School of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Min Liu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell BiologyAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingaporeSingapore
| | - Fang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS)School of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Min Wu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Kongying Hu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS)School of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Baocun Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS)School of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Mengji Lu
- Institute for VirologyUniversity Hospital EssenUniversity of Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jiming Zhang
- Department of Infectious DiseasesHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jianhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS)School of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell BiologyAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingaporeSingapore
| | - Zhenghong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS)School of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yong KSM, Her Z, Tan SY, Tan WWS, Liu M, Lai F, Heng SM, Fan Y, Chang KTE, Wang CI, Chan JKY, Chen J, Chen Q. Humanized Mouse as a Tool to Predict Immunotoxicity of Human Biologics. Front Immunol 2020; 11:553362. [PMID: 33193321 PMCID: PMC7604536 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.553362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancements in science enable researchers to constantly innovate and create novel biologics. However, the use of non-human animal models during the development of biologics impedes identification of precise in vivo interactions between the human immune system and treatments. Due to lack of this understanding, adverse effects are frequently observed in healthy volunteers and patients exposed to potential biologics during clinical trials. In this study, we evaluated and compared the effects of known immunotoxic biologics, Proleukin®/IL-2 and OKT3 in humanized mice (reconstituted with human fetal cells) to published clinical outcomes. We demonstrated that humanized mice were able to recapitulate in vivo pathological changes and human-specific immune responses, such as elevated cytokine levels and modulated lymphocytes and myeloid subsets. Given the high similarities of immunological side effects observed between humanized mice and clinical studies, this model could be used to assess immunotoxicity of biologics at a pre-clinical stage, without placing research participants and/or patients at risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kylie Su Mei Yong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhisheng Her
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sue Yee Tan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wilson Wei Sheng Tan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Min Liu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fritz Lai
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shi Min Heng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yong Fan
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kenneth Tou En Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pathology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng-I Wang
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerry Kok Yen Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianzhu Chen
- Interdisciplinary Research Group in Infectious Diseases, Singapore-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore, Singapore.,The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Her Z, Tan JHL, Lim YS, Tan SY, Chan XY, Tan WWS, Liu M, Yong KSM, Lai F, Ceccarello E, Zheng Z, Fan Y, Chang KTE, Sun L, Chang SC, Chin CL, Lee GH, Dan YY, Chan YS, Lim SG, Chan JKY, Chandy KG, Chen Q. CD4 + T Cells Mediate the Development of Liver Fibrosis in High Fat Diet-Induced NAFLD in Humanized Mice. Front Immunol 2020; 11:580968. [PMID: 33013934 PMCID: PMC7516019 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.580968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been on a global rise. While animal models have rendered valuable insights to the pathogenesis of NAFLD, discrepancy with patient data still exists. Since non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) involves chronic inflammation, and CD4+ T cell infiltration of the liver is characteristic of NASH patients, we established and characterized a humanized mouse model to identify human-specific immune response(s) associated with NAFLD progression. Immunodeficient mice engrafted with human immune cells (HIL mice) were fed with high fat and high calorie (HFHC) or chow diet for 20 weeks. Liver histology and immune profile of HIL mice were analyzed and compared with patient data. HIL mice on HFHC diet developed steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis of the liver. Human CD4+ central and effector memory T cells increased within the liver and in the peripheral blood of our HIL mice, accompanied by marked up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-17A and IFNγ). In vivo depletion of human CD4+ T cells in HIL mice reduced liver inflammation and fibrosis, but not steatosis. Our results highlight CD4+ memory T cell subsets as important drivers of NAFLD progression from steatosis to fibrosis and provides a humanized mouse model for pre-clinical evaluation of potential therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhisheng Her
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joel Heng Loong Tan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yee-Siang Lim
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sue Yee Tan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xue Ying Chan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wilson Wei Sheng Tan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Min Liu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kylie Su Mei Yong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fritz Lai
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Erica Ceccarello
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhiqiang Zheng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yong Fan
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kenneth Tou En Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lei Sun
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shih Chieh Chang
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Infection and Immunity Theme, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chih-Liang Chin
- Translational Biomarkers, Merck Research Laboratories, MSD, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Guan Huei Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yock Young Dan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yun-Shen Chan
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seng Gee Lim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerry Kok Yen Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K George Chandy
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Infection and Immunity Theme, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Schlich M, Lai F, Pireddu R, Pini E, Ailuno G, Fadda AM, Valenti D, Sinico C. Resveratrol proniosomes as a convenient nanoingredient for functional food. Food Chem 2019; 310:125950. [PMID: 31830712 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Proniosomes are free-flowing powders composed of water-soluble carriers blended with surfactants, which form niosomes upon hydration. In this work, proniosomal formulations containing the natural antioxidant resveratrol (RSV) were prepared and fully characterized. A pre-formulation study on RSV-loaded niosomes was carried out to determine the most promising ratio between the two surfactants, Tween 20 and Span 60, in terms of entrapment efficiency and antioxidant activity. The optimized formulae were subsequently adapted to be prepared as proniosomes by the slurry method, including lactose or maltodextrin as carriers. The impact of surfactants and carriers properties on size, entrapment efficiency and release kinetics of proniosomes were evaluated. In vitro release of RSV in simulated gastric and intestinal media was determined, as well as the vesicular stability. Moreover, the biocompatibility of the formulations was determined on intestinal cells in vitro. Overall, the developed proniosomes provide promising nanoingredient for functional food, improving resveratrol stability and bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Schlich
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, CNBS, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - F Lai
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, CNBS, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - R Pireddu
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, CNBS, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - E Pini
- DISMAB-Sezione di Chimica Organica ''A.Marchesini'', Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgia Ailuno
- Dipartimento di Farmacia (DIFAR), University of Genova, Genova 16148, Italy
| | - A M Fadda
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, CNBS, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - D Valenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, CNBS, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - C Sinico
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Cagliari, CNBS, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lei FX, Jin L, Liu XY, Lai F, Yan XG, Farrelly M, Guo ST, Zhao XH, Zhang XD. Correction to: RIP1 protects melanoma cells from apoptosis induced by BRAF/MEK inhibitors. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:225. [PMID: 30837450 PMCID: PMC6401075 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1301-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fu Xi Lei
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Lei Jin
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Xiao Ying Liu
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia.,School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Fritz Lai
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Xu Guang Yan
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Margaret Farrelly
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Su Tang Guo
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Department of Molecular Biology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital and Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030013, China
| | - Xin Han Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Xu Dong Zhang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Phan M, Krishnan R, El Sayes N, Mathieu J, Selman M, Macklin A, Dornan M, Groom H, Patten D, Davis C, Lai F, Lichty B, Harper M, Arulanandam R, Bell J, Alain T, Josephy D, Smith J, Boddy C, Diallo J. Viral sensitizers potential infection of cancer cells via NF-kappaB. Eur J Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
17
|
Ho TW, Wu JM, Yang CY, Tien YW, Lai F. Mortality, malignancy, and comorbidities associated with chronic pancreatitis: a Nationwide Database study in Taiwan. Int J Infect Dis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.11.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
|
18
|
Roman M, Monaghan A, Serraino GF, Miller D, Pathak S, Lai F, Zaccardi F, Ghanchi A, Khunti K, Davies MJ, Murphy GJ. Meta-analysis of the influence of lifestyle changes for preoperative weight loss on surgical outcomes. Br J Surg 2018; 106:181-189. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The aim was to investigate whether preoperative weight loss results in improved clinical outcomes in surgical patients with clinically significant obesity.
Methods
This was a systematic review and aggregate data meta-analysis of RCTs and cohort studies. PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL Plus databases were searched from inception to February 2018. Eligibility criteria were: studies assessing the effect of weight loss interventions (low-energy diets with or without an exercise component) on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing any surgical procedure. Data on 30-day or all-cause in-hospital mortality were extracted and synthesized in meta-analyses. Postoperative thromboembolic complications, duration of surgery, infection and duration of hospital stay were also assessed.
Results
A total of 6060 patients in four RCTs and 12 cohort studies, all from European and North American centres, were identified. Most were in the field of bariatric surgery and all had some methodological limitations. The pooled effect estimate suggested that preoperative weight loss programmes were effective, leading to significant weight reduction compared with controls: mean difference –7·42 (95 per cent c.i. –10·09 to –4·74) kg (P < 0·001). Preoperative weight loss interventions were not associated with a reduction in perioperative mortality (odds ratio 1·41, 95 per cent c.i. 0·24 to 8·40; I2 = 0 per cent, P = 0·66) but the event rate was low. The weight loss groups had shorter hospital stay (by 27 per cent). No differences were found for morbidity.
Conclusion
This limited preoperative weight loss has advantages but may not alter the postoperative morbidity or mortality risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Roman
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - A Monaghan
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - G F Serraino
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - D Miller
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - S Pathak
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - F Lai
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - F Zaccardi
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - A Ghanchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - K Khunti
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - M J Davies
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - G J Murphy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ye W, Chew M, Hou J, Lai F, Leopold SJ, Loo HL, Ghose A, Dutta AK, Chen Q, Ooi EE, White NJ, Dondorp AM, Preiser P, Chen J. Microvesicles from malaria-infected red blood cells activate natural killer cells via MDA5 pathway. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007298. [PMID: 30286211 PMCID: PMC6171940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells provide the first line of defense against malaria parasite infection. However, the molecular mechanisms through which NK cells are activated by parasites are largely unknown, so is the molecular basis underlying the variation in NK cell responses to malaria infection in the human population. Here, we compared transcriptional profiles of responding and non-responding NK cells following exposure to Plasmodium-infected red blood cells (iRBCs) and identified MDA5, a RIG-I-like receptor involved in sensing cytosolic RNAs, to be differentially expressed. Knockout of MDA5 in responding human NK cells by CRISPR/cas9 abolished NK cell activation, IFN-γ secretion, lysis of iRBCs. Similarly, inhibition of TBK1/IKKε, an effector molecule downstream of MDA5, also inhibited activation of responding NK cells. Conversely, activation of MDA5 by liposome-packaged poly I:C restored non-responding NK cells to lyse iRBCs. We further show that microvesicles containing large parasite RNAs from iRBCs activated NK cells by fusing with NK cells. These findings suggest that NK cells are activated through the MDA5 pathway by parasite RNAs that are delivered to the cytoplasm of NK cells by microvesicles from iRBCs. The difference in MDA5 expression between responding and non-responding NK cells following exposure to iRBCs likely contributes to the variation in NK cell responses to malaria infection in the human population. Malaria is an important parasitic disease with a major public health concern. Malaria pathogenesis involves a complex interplay between parasitic and host factors. A better understanding of early host response and the determinants of immunity are essential to developing innovative therapeutic approaches. Natural killer (NK) cells are important immune cells in protection against malaria infection but show significant differences in their responses in the human population. Here we analyze the differences between human NK cells that respond to and don’t respond to malaria infection. We found that human NK cells that respond to malaria-infected red blood cells (iRBC) have higher levels of a pathogen recognition receptor, MDA5. This receptor is activated by small vesicles released from iRBC. By activating MDA5 with a small molecule agonist, we can improve non-responder NK cells to clear iRBC. Our study provides new insights into the mechanism by which NK cells control malaria infection and possible NK cell-based intervention of malaria infection in human.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Ye
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Infectious Disease Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore
| | - Marvin Chew
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Infectious Disease Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore
| | - Jue Hou
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Infectious Disease Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore
| | - Fritz Lai
- Humanized Mouse Unit, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency of Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Stije J Leopold
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hooi Linn Loo
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Infectious Disease Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore
| | - Aniruddha Ghose
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Ashok K Dutta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Humanized Mouse Unit, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency of Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Eng Eong Ooi
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Infectious Disease Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore.,Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
| | - Nicholas J White
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Arjen M Dondorp
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Preiser
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Infectious Disease Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore
| | - Jianzhu Chen
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Infectious Disease Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore.,Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fu J, Lai F, Chen Y, Wan X, Wei G, Li Y, Xiao H, Cao X. A novel splice site mutation of the PRKAR1A gene, C.440+5 G>C, in a Chinese family with Carney complex. J Endocrinol Invest 2018; 41:909-917. [PMID: 29318463 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-017-0817-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carney complex (CNC) is an extremely rare, multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome that occurs in an autosomal dominant manner. Mutations in PRKAR1A have been reported to be a common genetic cause of CNC. METHODS In this study, we reported a Chinese pedigree of CNC that manifests mainly as spotty skin pigmentation and primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease. Whole blood samples of this pedigree were collected for DNA/RNA analysis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses were performed to amplify the 11 exons and adjacent introns of PRKAR1A. Direct sequencing was used to detect the mutation, and DNA from 70 Han Chinese people was extracted and sequenced as a control to estimate the frequency of the identified mutation. RESULTS Within the pedigree, ten patients with CNC were identified, and a novel heterozygous mutation (c.440+5 G>C in intron 4a) was identified in the PRKAR1A gene. PCR amplification of cDNA from the control subjects and patients was performed. Agarose gel electrophoresis showed only one wild-type band in the cDNA corresponding to the former group, whereas an extra band was present in samples from the latter group corresponding to the skipping of exon 4a; this confirms that the variant affects PRKAR1A splicing. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the c.440+5 G>C mutation is a new splice site mutation that has not been reported and has the potential to broaden the mutational spectrum of PRKAR1A that is associated with CNC, which would facilitate genetic diagnosis and counseling for CNC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Rd., Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - F Lai
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Rd., Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Rd., Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - X Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Rd., Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - G Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Rd., Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Rd., Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - H Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Rd., Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - X Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Rd., Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lei FX, Jin L, Liu XY, Lai F, Yan XG, Farrelly M, Guo ST, Zhao XH, Zhang XD. RIP1 protects melanoma cells from apoptosis induced by BRAF/MEK inhibitors. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:679. [PMID: 29880840 PMCID: PMC5992182 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0714-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Many recent studies have uncovered the necessary role for the receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIP1) in regulating apoptosis and necrosis that cells undergo in response to various cellular stresses. However, the functional significance of RIP1 in promoting cancer cells survival remains poorly understood. Here, we report that RIP1 was upregulated and contributed to both intrinsic and acquired resistance of melanoma cells to BRAF/MEK inhibitors through activation of NF-κB. Strikingly, Snail1-mediated suppression of CYLD played a crucial role in promoting RIP1 expression upon ERK activation, particularly, in melanoma cells with acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors. In addition, RIP1 kinase activity was not required for melanoma cells to survive BRAF/MEK inhibition as RIP1 mediated NF-κB activation through its intermediate domain. Collectively, our findings reveal that targeting RIP1 in combination with BRAF/MEK inhibitors is a potential approach in the treatment of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu Xi Lei
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.,School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Lei Jin
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Xiao Ying Liu
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia.,School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Fritz Lai
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Xu Guang Yan
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Margaret Farrelly
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Su Tang Guo
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Department of Molecular Biology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital and Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030013, China
| | - Xin Han Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Xu Dong Zhang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Affiliation(s)
- W Huang
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, TAIWAN
| | - P Lee
- Center of Sleep Disorder, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, TAIWAN
| | - Y Liu
- MediaTek Inc., Hsinchu, TAIWAN
| | - F Lai
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, TAIWAN
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Park NH, Cheng W, Lai F, Yang C, Florez de Sessions P, Periaswamy B, Wenhan Chu C, Bianco S, Liu S, Venkataraman S, Chen Q, Yang YY, Hedrick JL. Addressing Drug Resistance in Cancer with Macromolecular Chemotherapeutic Agents. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:4244-4252. [PMID: 29504396 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance to chemotherapeutics is a recurrent issue plaguing many cancer treatment regimens. To circumvent resistance issues, we have designed a new class of macromolecules as self-contained chemotherapeutic agents. The macromolecular chemotherapeutic agents readily self-assemble into well-defined nanoparticles and show excellent activity in vitro against multiple cancer cell lines. These cationic polymers function by selectively binding and lysing cancer cell membranes. As a consequence of this mechanism, they exhibit significant potency against drug-resistant cancer cells and cancer stem cells, prevent cancer cell migration, and do not induce resistance onset following multiple treatment passages. Concurrent experiments with the small-molecule chemotherapeutic, doxorubicin, show aggressive resistance onset in cancer cells, a lack of efficacy against drug-resistant cancer cell lines, and a failure to prevent cancer cell migration. Additionally, the polymers showed anticancer efficacy in a hepatocellular carcinoma patient derived xenograft mouse model. Overall, these results demonstrate a new approach to designing anticancer therapeutics utilizing macromolecular compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel H Park
- IBM Research-Almaden , 650 Harry Road , San Jose , California 95120 United States
| | - Wei Cheng
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos , Singapore 138669 , Singapore
| | - Fritz Lai
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology , 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos , Singapore 138673 , Singapore
| | - Chuan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos , Singapore 138669 , Singapore
| | | | - Balamurugan Periaswamy
- Genome Institute of Singapore , 60 Biopolis Street, Genome , Singapore 138672 , Singapore
| | - Collins Wenhan Chu
- Genome Institute of Singapore , 60 Biopolis Street, Genome , Singapore 138672 , Singapore
| | - Simone Bianco
- IBM Research-Almaden , 650 Harry Road , San Jose , California 95120 United States
| | - Shaoqiong Liu
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos , Singapore 138669 , Singapore
| | - Shrinivas Venkataraman
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos , Singapore 138669 , Singapore
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology , 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos , Singapore 138673 , Singapore
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos , Singapore 138669 , Singapore
| | - James L Hedrick
- IBM Research-Almaden , 650 Harry Road , San Jose , California 95120 United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Boggian G, Sacca S, Serafini F, Vandelli R, Parlangeli R, Lai F. P995Short time antibiotic prophylaxis positively affects infection rates after CIED Implantation. Europace 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/eux151.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
25
|
Fanni D, Angotzi F, Lai F, Gerosa C, Senes G, Fanos V, Faa G. Four stages of hepatic hematopoiesis in human embryos and fetuses. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2017; 31:701-707. [DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1297400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Fanni
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - F. Angotzi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - F. Lai
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - C. Gerosa
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - G. Senes
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - V. Fanos
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal Pathology, Puericulture Institute and Neonatal Section, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - G. Faa
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Pathology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cheng G, Liu F, Asai T, Lai F, Man N, Xu H, Chen S, Greenblatt S, Hamard PJ, Ando K, Chen X, Wang L, Martinez C, Tadi M, Wang L, Xu M, Yang FC, Shiekhattar R, Nimer SD. Loss of p300 accelerates MDS-associated leukemogenesis. Leukemia 2016; 31:1382-1390. [PMID: 27881875 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The role that changes in DNA methylation and histone modifications have in human malignancies is poorly understood. p300 and CREB-binding protein (CBP), two distinct but highly homologous lysine acetyltransferases, are mutated in several cancers, suggesting their role as tumor suppressors. In the current study, we found that deletion of p300, but not CBP, markedly accelerated the leukemogenesis ofNup98-HoxD13 (NHD13) transgenic mice, an animal model that phenotypically copies human myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). p300 deletion restored the ability of NHD13 expressing hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to self-renew in vitro, and to expand in vivo, with an increase in stem cell symmetric self-renewal divisions and a decrease in apoptosis. Furthermore, loss of p300, but not CBP, promoted cytokine signaling, including enhanced activation of the MAPK and JAK/STAT pathways in the HSPC compartment. Altogether, our data indicate that p300 has a pivotal role in blocking the transformation of MDS to acute myeloid leukemia, a role distinct from that of CBP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA
| | - F Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA
| | - T Asai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA
| | - F Lai
- Department of Human Genetics, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - N Man
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA
| | - H Xu
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York,NY,USA
| | - S Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA
| | - S Greenblatt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA
| | - P-J Hamard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA
| | - K Ando
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA
| | - X Chen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - L Wang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - C Martinez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA
| | - M Tadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA
| | - L Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA
| | - M Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA
| | - F-C Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA
| | - R Shiekhattar
- Department of Human Genetics, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - S D Nimer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA.,Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL,USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Luan Q, Jin L, Jiang CC, Tay KH, Lai F, Liu XY, Liu YL, Guo ST, Li CY, Yan XG, Tseng HY, Zhang XD. RIPK1 regulates survival of human melanoma cells upon endoplasmic reticulum stress through autophagy. Autophagy 2016; 11:975-94. [PMID: 26018731 PMCID: PMC4590596 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2015.1049800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although RIPK1 (receptor [TNFRSF]-interacting protein kinase 1) is emerging as a critical determinant of cell fate in response to cellular stress resulting from activation of death receptors and DNA damage, its potential role in cell response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress remains undefined. Here we report that RIPK1 functions as an important prosurvival mechanism in melanoma cells undergoing pharmacological ER stress induced by tunicamycin (TM) or thapsigargin (TG) through activation of autophagy. While treatment with TM or TG upregulated RIPK1 and triggered autophagy in melanoma cells, knockdown of RIPK1 inhibited autophagy and rendered the cells sensitive to killing by TM or TG, recapitulating the effect of inhibition of autophagy. Consistently, overexpression of RIPK1 enhanced induction of autophagy and conferred resistance of melanoma cells to TM- or TG-induced cell death. Activation of MAPK8/JNK1 or MAPK9/JNK2, which phosphorylated BCL2L11/BIM leading to its dissociation from BECN1/Beclin 1, was involved in TM- or TG-induced, RIPK1-mediated activation of autophagy; whereas, activation of the transcription factor HSF1 (heat shock factor protein 1) downstream of the ERN1/IRE1-XBP1 axis of the unfolded protein response was responsible for the increase in RIPK1 in melanoma cells undergoing pharmacological ER stress. Collectively, these results identify upregulation of RIPK1 as an important resistance mechanism of melanoma cells to TM- or TG-induced ER stress by protecting against cell death through activation of autophagy, and suggest that targeting the autophagy-activating mechanism of RIPK1 may be a useful strategy to enhance sensitivity of melanoma cells to therapeutic agents that induce ER stress.
Collapse
Key Words
- 3-MA, 3-methyladenine
- AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase
- ATF6, activating transcription factor 6
- Baf A1, bafilomycin A1
- CAMKK2, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2: β
- EIF2AK3/PERK, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-α kinase 3
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- ERN1/IRE1, endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1
- HSF1, heat shock transcription factor 1
- HSPA5, heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein: 78kDa)
- MAP2K1/MEK1, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MAPK1/ERK2, mitogen-activated protein kinase 1
- MAPK11/p38β, mitogen-activated protein kinase 11
- MAPK12/p38γ, mitogen-activated protein kinase 12
- MAPK13/p38δ, mitogen-activated protein kinase 13
- MAPK14/p38α, mitogen-activated protein kinase 14
- MAPK3/ERK1, mitogen-activated protein kinase 3
- MAPK8/JNK1, mitogen-activated protein kinase 8
- MAPK9/JNK2, mitogen-activated protein kinase 9
- NFKB1, nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1
- PRKAA1, protein kinase AMP-activated: α 1 catalytic subunit
- RIPK1
- RIPK1, receptor (TNFRSF)-interacting protein kinase 1
- SQSTM1/p62, sequestosome 1
- TG, thapsigargin
- TM, tunicamycin
- TNFRSF1A/TNFR1, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily: member 1A
- UPR, unfolded protein response
- XBP1, x-box binding protein 1
- autophagy
- cell death
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- melanoma
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Luan
- a School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy; University of Newcastle ; NSW , Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Fanni D, Manchia M, Lai F, Gerosa C, Ambu R, Faa G. Immunohistochemical markers of CYP3A4 and CYP3A7: a new tool towards personalized pharmacotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Histochem 2016; 60:2614. [PMID: 27349315 PMCID: PMC4933826 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2016.2614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a major global health problem, since more than 90% of primary liver cancers worldwide are HCC. Most cases of HCC are secondary to viral hepatitis infection (hepatitis B or C), alcoholism and cirrhosis. Sorafenib, an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor that suppresses tumor proliferation and angiogenesis, emerged as the first effective systemic treatment for HCC after 30 years of research, and is currently the standard-of-care for patients with advanced HCC. Sorafenib is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP450), particularly from the 3A4 isoform, producing two main metabolites: the N-oxide and the N-hydroxymethyl metabolite. We studied 11 HCC sample showing the presence of CYP3A4 and CYP3A7 in most of the samples analysed. Specifically, the immunoreactivity of CYP3A4 was stronger and more widespread than that of CYP3A7. The CYP3A4 immunoreactivity was observed in surrounding hepatocytes in 8 out of 11 cases; while the CYP3A7 immunostaining was found in normal liver cells, in 7 out of 11 cases. These results suggest the existence of a marked inter-individual variability regarding the presence of the isoforms of CYP3A. In addition, since sorafenib is metabolized by CYP3A4, but not by CYP3A7, an overexpression of CYP3A4 may lead to an increase in the degradation of the drug and then to clinical ineffectiveness. These results might implicate the necessity of an individualized approach in the treatment of HCC as positivity to CYP3A4 in HCC liver samples might predict a scarce response to sorafenib.
Collapse
|
29
|
Barbour SJ, Espino-Hernandez G, Reich HN, Coppo R, Roberts IS, Feehally J, Herzenberg AM, Cattran DC, Bavbek N, Cook T, Troyanov S, Alpers C, Amore A, Barratt J, Berthoux F, Bonsib S, Bruijn J, D’Agati V, D’Amico G, Emancipator S, Emmal F, Ferrario F, Fervenza F, Florquin S, Fogo A, Geddes C, Groene H, Haas M, Hill P, Hogg R, Hsu S, Hunley T, Hladunewich M, Jennette C, Joh K, Julian B, Kawamura T, Lai F, Leung C, Li L, Li P, Liu Z, Massat A, Mackinnon B, Mezzano S, Schena F, Tomino Y, Walker P, Wang H, Weening J, Yoshikawa N, Zhang H, Coppo R, Troyanov S, Cattran D, Cook H, Feehally J, Roberts I, Tesar V, Maixnerova D, Lundberg S, Gesualdo L, Emma F, Fuiano L, Beltrame G, Rollino C, RC, Amore A, Camilla R, Peruzzi L, Praga M, Feriozzi S, Polci R, Segoloni G, Colla L, Pani A, Angioi A, Piras L, JF, Cancarini G, Ravera S, Durlik M, Moggia E, Ballarin J, Di Giulio S, Pugliese F, Serriello I, Caliskan Y, Sever M, Kilicaslan I, Locatelli F, Del Vecchio L, Wetzels J, Peters H, Berg U, Carvalho F, da Costa Ferreira A, Maggio M, Wiecek A, Ots-Rosenberg M, Magistroni R, Topaloglu R, Bilginer Y, D’Amico M, Stangou M, Giacchino F, Goumenos D, Kalliakmani P, Gerolymos M, Galesic K, Geddes C, Siamopoulos K, Balafa O, Galliani M, Stratta P, Quaglia M, Bergia R, Cravero R, Salvadori M, Cirami L, Fellstrom B, Kloster Smerud H, Ferrario F, Stellato T, Egido J, Martin C, Floege J, Eitner F, Lupo A, Bernich P, Menè P, Morosetti M, van Kooten C, Rabelink T, Reinders M, Boria Grinyo J, Cusinato S, Benozzi L, Savoldi S, Licata C, Mizerska-Wasiak M, Martina G, Messuerotti A, Dal Canton A, Esposito C, Migotto C, Triolo G, Mariano F, Pozzi C, Boero R, Bellur S, Mazzucco G, Giannakakis C, Honsova E, Sundelin B, Di Palma A, Ferrario F, Gutiérrez E, Asunis A, Barratt J, Tardanico R, Perkowska-Ptasinska A, Arce Terroba J, Fortunato M, Pantzaki A, Ozluk Y, Steenbergen E, Soderberg M, Riispere Z, Furci L, Orhan D, Kipgen D, Casartelli D, Galesic Ljubanovic D, Gakiopoulou H, Bertoni E, Cannata Ortiz P, Karkoszka H, Groene H, Stoppacciaro A, Bajema I, Bruijn J, Fulladosa Oliveras X, Maldyk J, Ioachim E. The MEST score provides earlier risk prediction in lgA nephropathy. Kidney Int 2016; 89:167-75. [DOI: 10.1038/ki.2015.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
30
|
Guo ST, Chi MN, Yang RH, Guo XY, Zan LK, Wang CY, Xi YF, Jin L, Croft A, Tseng HY, Yan XG, Farrelly M, Wang FH, Lai F, Wang JF, Li YP, Ackland S, Scott R, Agoulnik IU, Hondermarck H, Thorne RF, Liu T, Zhang XD, Jiang CC. INPP4B is an oncogenic regulator in human colon cancer. Oncogene 2015; 35:3049-61. [PMID: 26411369 PMCID: PMC4908438 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type II (INPP4B) negatively regulates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling and is a tumor suppressor in some types of cancers. However, we have found that it is frequently upregulated in human colon cancer cells. Here we show that silencing of INPP4B blocks activation of Akt and serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 3 (SGK3), inhibits colon cancer cell proliferation and retards colon cancer xenograft growth. Conversely, overexpression of INPP4B increases proliferation and triggers anchorage-independent growth of normal colon epithelial cells. Moreover, we demonstrate that the effect of INPP4B on Akt and SGK3 is associated with inactivation of phosphate and tensin homolog through its protein phosphatase activity and that the increase in INPP4B is due to Ets-1-mediated transcriptional upregulation in colon cancer cells. Collectively, these results suggest that INPP4B may function as an oncogenic driver in colon cancer, with potential implications for targeting INPP4B as a novel approach to treat this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S T Guo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital and Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - M N Chi
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - R H Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital and Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - X Y Guo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital and Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - L K Zan
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shanxi, China
| | - C Y Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital and Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - Y F Xi
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shanxi, China
| | - L Jin
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Croft
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - H-Y Tseng
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - X G Yan
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Farrelly
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - F H Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital and Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - F Lai
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J F Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shanxi, China
| | - Y P Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shanxi Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shanxi, China
| | - S Ackland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - R Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - I U Agoulnik
- Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - H Hondermarck
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - R F Thorne
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - T Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - X D Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C C Jiang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yan XG, Luan Q, Jin L, Jiang CC, Tay KH, Lai F, Liu XY, Liu YL, Guo ST, Tseng HY, Zhang XD. Abstract 1029: Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 regulates survival of human melanoma cells upon endoplasmic reticulum stress through autophagy. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Although receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIP1) is emerging as a critical determinant of cell fate in response to cellular stress resulting from activation of death receptors and DNA damage, its potential role in response of cells to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress remains undefined. Here we report that RIP1 functions as an important pro-survival mechanism in melanoma cells undergoing ER stress through activation of autophagy. While pharmacological induction of ER stress upregulated RIP1 and triggered autophagy in melanoma cells resistant to ER stress-induced apoptosis, knockdown of RIP1 inhibited autophagy and rendered the cells sensitive to killing by ER stress, recapitulating the effect of inhibition of autophagy. Consistently, overexpression of RIP1 enhanced induction of autophagy and conferred resistance of melanoma cells to killing by ER stress. Activation of JNK, which phosphorylated the BH3-only protein Bim leading to its dissociation from Beclin-1, was involved in ER stress-induced, RIP1-mediated activation of autophagy in melanoma cells. On the other hand, activation of the transcription factor heat shock factor protein 1 (HSF1) downstream of the IRE1/XBP1 axis of the unfolded protein response was responsible for the increase in RIP1 in melanoma cells undergoing ER stress. Collectively, these results identify upregulation of RIP1 as an important adaptive mechanism of melanoma cells to ER stress by protecting against cell death through activation of autophagy, and suggest that targeting the autophagy-activating mechanism of RIP1 may be a useful strategy to enhance sensitivity of melanoma cells to therapeutic agents that induce ER stress.
Citation Format: Xu Guang Yan, Qi Luan, Lei Jin, Chen Chen Jiang, Kwang Hong Tay, Fritz Lai, Xiao Ying Liu, Yi Lun Liu, Su Tang Guo, Hsin-Yi Tseng, Xu Dong Zhang. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 regulates survival of human melanoma cells upon endoplasmic reticulum stress through autophagy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1029. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1029
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Qi Luan
- University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Lei Jin
- University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | | | | | - Fritz Lai
- University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | | | - Yi Lun Liu
- University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Su Tang Guo
- University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jin L, Liu XY, Lai F, Yan XG, Jiang CC, Guo ST, Wang CY, Croft A, Tseng HY, Wilmott JS, Scolyer RA, Zhang XD. Abstract 56: Receptor-Interacting protein kinase 1 functions as an oncogenic regulator in human melanoma. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Although many studies in recent years have uncovered an important role of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIP1) in mediating cell survival and death signaling, its potential part in the pathogenesis of cancer remains less understood. Here we report that RIP1 functions as an oncogenic regulator in human melanoma. While the expression of RIP1 was commonly upregulated in melanoma, knockdown of RIP1 inhibited melanoma cell proliferation in vitro, and retarded melanoma growth in a xenograft model. Conversely, despite induction of apoptosis in a small proportion of melanoma cells, overexpression of RIP1 enhanced proliferation in the remaining cells. The promoting effect of RIP1 on melanoma cell proliferation was mediated by activation of NF-κB, as blockade of NF-κB activation eliminated RIP1 overexpression-triggered increase in cell proliferation, whereas hyperactivation of NF-κB abolished inhibition of cell proliferation caused by RIP1 knockdown. In support, RIP1 knockdown led to reduction, whereas its overexpression caused an increase, in NF-κB activation. Strikingly, ectopic expression of RIP1 enhanced melanocyte proliferation and triggered anchorage-independent growth of the cells similarly in a NF-κB-dependent manner. While upregulation of RIP1 was associated with DNA copy number gain in a subset of melanomas, constitutive ubiquitination and subsequent stabilization of the RIP1 protein driven by TNFα autocrine appeared to be another mechanism commonly responsible for upregulation of RIP1 in melanoma cells. Collectively, these results identify RIP1 as an oncogenic regulator in melanoma, and points to the possibility of targeting the NF-κB activating mechanism of RIP1 as a novel approach in the treatment of the disease.
Citation Format: Lei Jin, Xiao Ying Liu, Fritz Lai, Xu Guang Yan, Chen Chen Jiang, Su Tang Guo, Chun Yan Wang, Amanda Croft, Hsin-Yi Tseng, James S. Wilmott, Richard A. Scolyer, Xu Dong Zhang. Receptor-Interacting protein kinase 1 functions as an oncogenic regulator in human melanoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 56. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-56
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jin
- 1The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | | | - Fritz Lai
- 1The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Xu Guang Yan
- 1The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | | | - Su Tang Guo
- 1The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | | | - Amanda Croft
- 1The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Liu XY, Lai F, Yan XG, Jiang CC, Guo ST, Wang CY, Croft A, Tseng HY, Wilmott JS, Scolyer RA, Jin L, Zhang XD. RIP1 Kinase Is an Oncogenic Driver in Melanoma. Cancer Res 2015; 75:1736-48. [PMID: 25724678 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-2199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although many studies have uncovered an important role for the receptor-binding protein kinase RIP1 in controlling cell death signaling, its possible contributions to cancer pathogenesis have been little explored. Here, we report that RIP1 functions as an oncogenic driver in human melanoma. Although RIP1 was commonly upregulated in melanoma, RIP1 silencing inhibited melanoma cell proliferation in vitro and retarded the growth of melanoma xenografts in vivo. Conversely, while inducing apoptosis in a small proportion of melanoma cells, RIP1 overexpression enhanced proliferation in the remaining cells. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the proliferative effects of RIP1 overexpression were mediated by NF-κB activation. Strikingly, ectopic expression of RIP1 enhanced the proliferation of primary melanocytes, triggering their anchorage-independent cell growth in an NF-κB-dependent manner. We identified DNA copy-number gain and constitutive ubiquitination by a TNFα autocrine loop mechanism as two mechanisms of RIP1 upregulation in human melanomas. Collectively, our findings define RIP1 as an oncogenic driver in melanoma, with potential implications for targeting its NF-κB-dependent activation mechanism as a novel approach to treat this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ying Liu
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Fritz Lai
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xu Guang Yan
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chen Chen Jiang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Su Tang Guo
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. Department of Molecular Biology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shanxi, China
| | - Chun Yan Wang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. Department of Molecular Biology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shanxi, China
| | - Amanda Croft
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hsin-Yi Tseng
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James S Wilmott
- Discipline of Pathology, The University of Sydney, and Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard A Scolyer
- Discipline of Pathology, The University of Sydney, and Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lei Jin
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Xu Dong Zhang
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chi M, Chen J, Ye Y, Tseng HY, Lai F, Tay KH, Jin L, Guo ST, Jiang CC, Zhang XD. Adipocytes contribute to resistance of human melanoma cells to chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Curr Med Chem 2014; 21:1255-67. [PMID: 24304284 DOI: 10.2174/0929867321666131129114742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence has linked the development and progression of several cancers including melanoma with obesity. However, whether obesity impinges on responses of cancer cells to treatment remains less understood. Here we report that human adipocytes contribute to resistance of melanoma cells to various therapeutic agents. Exposure to media from adipocyte cultures (adipocyte media) increased cell proliferation and reduced sensitivity of melanoma cells to apoptosis induced by diverse chemotherapeutic drugs, including the DNA-damaging drug cisplatin, the microtubuletargeting agent docetaxel, and the histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA. This was associated with increased activation of PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK signaling, and was attenuated by a PI3K or MEK inhibitor. The effect of adipocyte media on melanoma cells was, at least in part, due to the interaction between the adipokine leptin and its long form receptor OB-Rb, in that immunodepletion of leptin in adipocyte media or siRNA knockdown of OB-Rb in melanoma cells reversed the increase in Akt and ERK activation, enhancement in cell proliferation, and importantly, protection of melanoma cells against the drugs. In support, recombinant leptin partially recapitulated the effect of adipocyte media on melanoma cells. Of note, OB-Rb was increased on the surface of melanoma cells compared to melanocytes, whereas leptin short form receptors appeared to be suppressed post-transcriptionally, suggesting that OB-Rb was selectively upregulated in melanoma cells. Collectively, these results indicate that adipocytes contribute to the resistance of melanoma cells to chemotherapeutic drugs and agents targeting the PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK pathways, and suggest that inhibition of the leptin/ OB-Rb system may be useful to improve the efficacy of multiple therapeutic approaches in the treatment of melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - X D Zhang
- LS3-49, Life Science Building, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chi M, Chen J, Ye Y, Tseng HY, Lai F, Tay KH, Jin L, Jiang CC, Zhang XD. Abstract B242: Adipocytes contribute to resistance of human melanoma cells to chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Mol Cancer Ther 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.targ-13-b242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Increasing epidemiological evidence has linked the development and progression of several cancers including melanoma with obesity. However, whether obesity impinges on responses of cancer cells to treatment remains less understood. Here we report that human adipocytes contribute to resistance of melanoma cells to various therapeutic agents. Exposure to media from adipocyte cultures (adipocyte media) increased cell proliferation and reduced sensitivity of melanoma cells to apoptosis induced by diverse chemotherapeutic drugs, including the DNA-damaging drug cisplatin, the microtubule-targeting agent docetaxel, and the histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA. This was associated with increased activation of PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK signaling, and was attenuated by a PI3K or MEK inhibitor. The effect of adipocyte media on melanoma cells was, at least in part, due to the interaction between the adipokine leptin and its long form receptor OB-Ob, in that immunodepletion of leptin in adipocyte media or siRNA knockdown of OB-Rb in melanoma cells reversed the increase in Akt and ERK activation, enhancement in cell proliferation, and importantly, protection of melanoma cells against the drugs. In support, recombinant leptin partially recapitulated the effect of adipocyte media on melanoma cells. Of note, OB-Rb was increased on the surface of melanoma cells compared to melanocytes, whereas leptin short form receptors appeared to be suppressed post-transcriptionally, suggesting that OB-Rb was selectively upregulated in melanoma cells. Collectively, these results indicate that adipocytes contribute to resistance of melanoma cells to chemotherapeutic drugs and agents targeting the PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK pathways, and suggest that inhibition of the leptin/ OB-Rb system may be useful to improve the efficacy of multiple therapeutic approaches in the treatment of melanoma.
Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):B242.
Citation Format: Mengna Chi, Jiezhong Chen, Yan Ye, Hsin-Yi Tseng, Fritz Lai, Kwang Hong Tay, Lei Jin, Chen Chen Jiang, Xu Dong Zhang. Adipocytes contribute to resistance of human melanoma cells to chemotherapy and targeted therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2013 Oct 19-23; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):Abstract nr B242.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengna Chi
- 1University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Jiezhong Chen
- 2The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yan Ye
- 1University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | | | - Fritz Lai
- 1University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | | | - Lei Jin
- 1University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Guo ST, Lai F, Jiang CC, Wang CY, Farrelly M, Tseng HY, Chi MN, Jin L, Hersey P, Zhang XD. Abstract 2028: Co-targeting histone deacetylases and oncogenic BRAF synergistically kills human melanoma cell by caspase-independent cell death. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-2028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Inherent and acquired resistance of melanomas carrying active mutations in BRAF to mutant BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi) remains a major obstacle for curative treatment of the disease. Since both BRAFi and histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) kill sensitive melanoma cells by activating the BH3-only protein Bim, we examined whether they cooperate in killing of BRAF(V600E) melanoma cells. We show here that co-treatment with the HDACi SAHA and the BRAFi PLX4720 synergistically kills BRAF(V600E) melanoma cells in vitro, and that the combination of SAHA and the clinically available BRAFi vemurafenib cooperatively inhibits melanoma growth in vivo. Although SAHA plus PLX4720 activated the caspase cascade, the latter did not appear to be indispensable for induction of cell death. Likewise, PLX4720 alone kills sensitive melanoma cells in a caspase-independent manner. Similar to caspases, Bim seemed dispensable for synergistic killing by SAHA and PLX4720. The mechanism by which co-treatment with HDACi and BRAFi kills BRAFV600E melanoma cells remains to be elucidated, but we have found that this is not mediated by receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1), which is essential for induction of programmed necrosis. Regardless, our results suggest that combinations of HDACi and BRAFi may have therapeutic advantages, in that the conventional caspase-dependent, mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic machinery is often suppressed in melanoma cells.
Citation Format: Su Tang Guo, Fritz Lai, Chen Chen Jiang, Chun Yan Wang, Margaret Farrelly, Hsin-Yi Tseng, Meng Na Chi, Lei Jin, Peter Hersey, Xu Dong Zhang. Co-targeting histone deacetylases and oncogenic BRAF synergistically kills human melanoma cell by caspase-independent cell death. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2028. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2028
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Tang Guo
- 1Shanxi Cancer Hospital and Institute, Taiyuan, China
| | - Fritz Lai
- 2University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | | | - Chun Yan Wang
- 1Shanxi Cancer Hospital and Institute, Taiyuan, China
| | | | | | - Meng Na Chi
- 2University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Lei Jin
- 4Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter Hersey
- 4Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wroblewski D, Mijatov B, Mohana-Kumaran N, Lai F, Gallagher SJ, Haass NK, Zhang XD, Hersey P. The BH3-mimetic ABT-737 sensitizes human melanoma cells to apoptosis induced by selective BRAF inhibitors but does not reverse acquired resistance. Carcinogenesis 2012; 34:237-47. [PMID: 23087082 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the introduction of selective v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) inhibitors has been a major advance in treatment of metastatic melanoma, approximately 50% of patients have limited responses including stabilization of disease or no response at all. This study aims to identify a novel means of overcoming resistance of melanoma to killing by BRAF inhibitors. We examined the influence of the BH3-mimetic ABT-737 on induction of apoptosis by the selective BRAF inhibitor PLX4720 in melanoma cells with or without BRAF V600E mutation. Included were cell lines established from four patients before and during treatment with selective BRAF inhibitors and 3D spheroids derived from these cell lines. Cell lines with no or low sensitivity to PLX4720 underwent synergistic increases and increased rates of apoptosis when combined with ABT-737. This degree of synergism was not seen in cell lines without BRAF V600E mutations. Apoptosis was mediated through the mitochondrial pathway and was due in part to upregulation of Bim as shown by inhibition of apoptosis following small interfering RNA knockdown of Bim. Similar effects were seen in cell lines established from patients prior to treatment but not in lines from patients clinically resistant to the selective BRAF inhibitors and in 3D spheroids derived from these cell lines. These results suggest that combination of selective BRAF inhibitors with ABT-737 or the related orally available compound ABT-263 may increase the degree and rate of responses in previously untreated patients with V600E melanoma but not in those with acquired resistance to these agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Wroblewski
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, New South Wales 2300, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lai F, Jin L, Gallagher S, Mijatov B, Zhang XD, Hersey P. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) as mediators of resistance to apoptosis in melanoma and as targets for combination therapy with selective BRAF inhibitors. Adv Pharmacol 2012; 65:27-43. [PMID: 22959022 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-397927-8.00002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
HDACs are viewed as enzymes used by cancer cells to inhibit tumor suppressor mechanisms. In particular, we discuss their role as suppressors of apoptosis in melanoma cells and as mediators of resistance to selective BRAF inhibitors. Synergistic increases in apoptosis are seen when pan-HDAC inhibitors are combined with selective BRAF inhibitors. Moreover, cell lines from patients with acquired resistance to Vemurafenib undergo PLX4720 induced apoptosis when combined with pan-HDAC inhibitors. The mechanisms of upregulation of HDACs and the mechanisms involved in HDACi reversal of resistance to apoptosis are as yet poorly understood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fritz Lai
- Oncology and Immunology Unit, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lai F, Pini E, Angioni G, Manca ML, Perricci J, Sinico C, Fadda AM. Nanocrystals as tool to improve piroxicam dissolution rate in novel orally disintegrating tablets. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011; 79:552-8. [PMID: 21820052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Revised: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, orally disintegrating tablets (ODT) were prepared using nanocrystal formulations in order to optimise dissolution properties of lipophilic, poorly soluble drug piroxicam (PRX). Different nanocrystal formulations were prepared using a high pressure homogenisation technique and poloxamer 188 as stabiliser. Characterisation of PRX nanocrystal ODT was carried out by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffractometry (XRPD), differential scanning calorimetry and photon correlation spectroscopy. Dissolution study of PRX ODT was performed in distilled water (pH 5.5) and was compared to that of PRX coarse suspension ODT, PRX/poloxamer 188 physical mixture and bulk PRX samples. The XRPD and FTIR studies demonstrated that the homogenisation process led to a polymorphic transition from form I (bulk commercial PRX) to form III and monohydrate form of the nanocrystals. All ODT formulations prepared using PRX nanosuspensions showed a higher PRX dissolution rate compared with the ODT prepared with the coarse PRX. Since the solubility of the different PRX polymorphic forms increased only slightly from bulk PRX (form I) to monohydrate, form II and form III, we can conclude that the improvement in PRX dissolution rate is mainly caused by the increased surface-to-volume ratio due to the submicron dimension of the drug particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Lai
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Xu Y, Liu Q, Zhao P, Li N, Lai F, Xu Y, He X, Jiang W, Hong B, Si S. 715 FORMONONETIN, A CLA1 UPREGULATOR, REDUCES ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESION FORMATION IN APOE−/− MICE. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(11)70716-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
41
|
Jiang CC, Lai F, Thorne RF, Yang F, Liu H, Hersey P, Zhang XD. MEK-independent survival of B-RAFV600E melanoma cells selected for resistance to apoptosis induced by the RAF inhibitor PLX4720. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 17:721-30. [PMID: 21088259 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-2225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine mechanisms that determine long-term responses of B-RAF(V600E) melanoma cells to B-RAF inhibitors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN B-RAF(V600E) melanoma cells were exposed to the B-RAF inhibitor PLX4720 for prolonged periods to select for cells resistant to apoptosis induced by the inhibitor. The resultant cells were analyzed for activation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), MAP/ERK kinase (MEK), and Akt, and related signals. Their roles in survival of the cells were also examined. RESULTS B-RAF(V600E) melanoma cells selected for resistant to PLX4720-induced apoptosis retained the V600E mutation in B-RAF, and proliferated steadily in the presence of the inhibitor, albeit with slow growth rate. These cells displayed high levels of ERK activation, that is, at least in part, independent of the conventional RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, as MEK activation was low and inhibition of MEK did not significantly block activation of ERK. In contrast, extracellular signals appeared involved. This was associated with elevated activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3k)/Akt pathway and could be inhibited by serum starvation and inhibition of PI3k/Akt. Inhibition of MEK did not impact on survival of these cells, whereas serum starvation, inhibition of PI3K/Akt, and inhibition of ERK1/2 reduced their viability. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that sensitivity to induction of apoptosis may be a major determinant of long-term responses of B-RAF(V600E) melanomas to specific inhibitors and suggest that rebound melanoma growth after initial treatment with the inhibitors may not be responsive to MEK inhibitors, but may be susceptible to inhibition of the PI3k/Akt pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen Jiang
- Immunology and Oncology Unit, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Khojasteh SC, Leipold DD, Lai F, La H, Baumgardner MJ, Desino KE, Gudmundsson OS, Bloedow DC, Bodary SC, Reynolds ME, Gadek TR, Kenkare-Mitra S. Preclinical absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) characterization of ICAM1988, an LFA-1/ICAM antagonist, and its prodrug. Xenobiotica 2008; 38:340-52. [DOI: 10.1080/00498250701813248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
43
|
Kwan TL, Lai F, Lam CM, Yuen WC, Wai A, Siu YC, Shung E, Law WL. Population-Based Information on Emergency Colorectal Surgery and Evaluation on Effect of Operative Volume on Mortality. World J Surg 2008; 32:2077-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00268-008-9632-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
44
|
Shen VL, Lai F. Requirements specification and analysis of digital systems using fuzzy and marked Petri nets. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern B Cybern 2008; 28:748-54. [PMID: 18255994 DOI: 10.1109/3477.718525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fuzzy information often appears in the system requirements. Fuzzy Petri nets (FPN) are Petri nets in which certain fuzzy truth values are assigned to its transitions. We show how the FPN model can be used for formal specification and verification of digital systems. The consistent FPN model is actually a state machine, from which we can obtain a consistent marked Petri net (MPN) model. Based on the consistent MPN model, the hardware prototype at register transfer level can be easily induced by using the optimization rules. Finally, main results are presented in the form of three theorems and are supported by some experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V L Shen
- Dept. of Electr. Eng., Mingchi Inst. of Technol., Taipei
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lai F, Kwan TL, Yuen WC, Wai A, Siu YC, Shung E. Evaluation of various POSSUM models for predicting mortality in patients undergoing elective oesophagectomy for carcinoma. Br J Surg 2007; 94:1172-8. [PMID: 17520711 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.5793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The aim of the study was to validate the use of the Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and morbidity (POSSUM), Portsmouth (P) POSSUM and upper gastrointestinal (O) POSSUM models in patients undergoing elective thoracic oesophagectomy for carcinoma.
Methods
The observed in-hospital mortality rates in 545 patients undergoing elective thoracic oesophagectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus in all public hospitals in Hong Kong was compared with rates predicted by POSSUM, P-POSSUM and O-POSSUM. The discriminatory power of these models was assessed using receiver–operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Results
The observed mortality rate was 5·5 per cent, whereas rates predicted by POSSUM, P-POSSUM and O-POSSUM were 15·0, 4·7 and 10·9 per cent respectively. P-POSSUM showed no lack of fit (P = 0·814), but POSSUM (P < 0·001) and O-POSSUM (P = 0·002) showed lack of fit against observed mortality. POSSUM overpredicted mortality across nearly all risk groups, whereas O-POSSUM overpredicted mortality in patients with low physiological scores and in older patients. POSSUM (area under ROC curve 0·776) and P-POSSUM (0·776) showed equally good discriminatory power but O-POSSUM (0·676) was inferior.
Conclusion
P-POSSUM provided the most accurate prediction of in-hospital mortality in this group of patients who had elective oesophagectomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Lai
- Statistics and Research Unit, Head Office, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lin BS, Lin BS, Chong FC, Lai F. Adaptive filtering of evoked potentials using higher-order adaptive signal enhancer with genetic-type variable step-size prefilter. Med Biol Eng Comput 2006; 43:638-47. [PMID: 16411637 DOI: 10.1007/bf02351038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An adaptive signal enhancer based on third-order statistics with a genetic-type, variable step-size prefilter is introduced to recover evoked potentials (EPs). EPs are usually embedded in the ongoing electroencephalogram with a very low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). As a higher-order statistics technique has a natural tolerance to Gaussian noise, it is applicable for filtering EPs. An adaptive signal enhancer based on third-order statistics was used as the major filter in this study. However, the efficiency of the adaptive signal enhancer was reduced when the total power of uncorrelated noises was large. To improve the performance for EPs under poor SNR, a low-noise signal is required. Therefore a prefilter with a genetic-type, variable step-size algorithm was employed to enhance the SNR of the signal in this study. The fundamental idea of a genetic-type, variable step-size algorithm is that its step-sizes are regularly readjusted to optimum. Therefore this algorithm can be used as a prefilter with different noise levels. Experimental results showed that, for filtering EPs, the proposed scheme is superior to the adaptive signal enhancer with a normalised least mean square algorithm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B-S Lin
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sinico C, Valenti D, Manconi M, Lai F, Fadda A. Cutaneous delivery of 8-methoxypsoralen from liposomal and niosomal carriers. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(06)50017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
48
|
Yablon S, Naumann M, Daggett S, Lai F, Brin M. The development of toxin neutralising antibodies with botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) treatment. Akt Neurol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-919410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
49
|
Hoheisel G, Sack U, Hui DSC, Lai F, Chan KS, Choi CH, Schauer J, Tannapfel A. [Immunohistochemical localization of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP) in tuberculous pleuritis]. Pneumologie 2004; 58:305-8. [PMID: 15162254 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-818452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP) have been found by ELISA and gelatine zymography in different concentrations in pleural fluid in tuberculous (TB) pleuritis. For further differentiation MMP and TIMP were localized in pleural biopsies by immunhistochemical staining with antibodies directed against MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 using the Labelled-Avidin-Biotin (LAB). Immunohistological reactivity of MMP-1 was found in epitheloidcellular histiocytes, Langhans' giant cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, as well as in fibroblasts of granulomatous reactions. MMP-2 was found in a few epitheloid cellular histiocytes, fibroblasts, and inflammatory cells. MMP-3 was weakly positive in a few lymphocytes only. MMP-9 was found in a few fibroblasts, epitheloid cells, and inflammatory cells, foremost, however, in pleural mesothial cells. A few fibroblasts only showed immunoreactivity of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. The observed inhomogenous staining pattern could be explained by the different state of activation of individual cellular units. In conclusion, the immunohistochemical demonstration of MMP and TIMP in pleural cells and tissue structures indicates their local involvement in fibrosing reactions in TB-pleuritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Hoheisel
- Abt. Pneumologie, Med. Klinik und Poliklinik I.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Choy KM, Lau A, Li E, Lai F, Ko WM. The evolution of complaint management in the Hong Kong Hospital Authority. Part 1: Complaints management--a tool for system change? Hong Kong Med J 2004; 10:290-2. [PMID: 15299178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K M Choy
- Hospital Authority, Argyle Street, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|