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Zhang L, Wei HJ, Chang QH, Yang FH, Sun YS. [Present situation and analysis of deer industry standardization at home and abroad]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2019; 44:1064-1068. [PMID: 30989871 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20181226.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Deer is valuable all over the body,which is rich in nutritional value and medicinal value. Deer breeding and processing are very advanced in North America and New Zealand where many related standards have been published. The development of Chinese deer industry lack standard and normal management,neither standards' number nor coverage area formed complete frame structure. The international standards like Panax ginseng and P. notoginseng were more lacked. This paper makes a classification statistics on standardization organizations at home and abroad,foreign standards,Chinese national standards,industry standards,local standards and enterprise standards. The classes,contents,ages,implementation and promotion and demonstration area construction of standards were compared and analyzed. We found Chinese deer industry standards were deficient in coverage,uniformity,innovation,repeatability and support. And we give advises for the construction of industry quality standard system,organizational mobility and ideology of consumers,hoping to boost the standard construction and promote international competitiveness of Chinese deer industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun 130112,China
| | - Hai-Jun Wei
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun 130112,China
| | - Qun-Hong Chang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun 130112,China
| | - Fu-He Yang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun 130112,China
| | - Yin-Shi Sun
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun 130112,China
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Liu ZY, Song SS, Huo ZS, Song XC, Cong B, Yang FH. Detection of self-biting behavior of mink by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and sequence-characterized amplified regions (SCAR). Pol J Vet Sci 2018; 21:371-376. [PMID: 30450877 DOI: 10.24425/122601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Self-biting disease occurs in most farmed fur animals in the world. The mechanism and rapid detection method of this disease has not been reported. We applied bulked sergeant analysis (BSA) in combination with RAPD method to analyze a molecular genetic marker linked with self-biting trait in mink group. The molecular marker was converted into SCAR and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) marker for rapid detection of this disease. A single RAPD marker A10 amplified a specific band of 1000bp in self-biting minks. The sequences of the bands exhibited 73% similarity to the Canis Brucella. SCAR and LAMP marker were designed for the specific fragment of RAPD marker A10 and validated in 30 self-biting minks and 30 healthy minks. c2 test showed difference (p0.05) with SCAR and significant difference (p0.01) with LAMP in the detection rate between the two groups, but LAMP method was more accurate than SCAR method. This indicated that LAMP can be used as a positive marker to detect self-biting disease in minks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Liu
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals; State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Changchun 130112, China
| | - S S Song
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals; State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Changchun 130112, China
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Cui H, Zhang TT, Nie H, Wang ZC, Zhang XL, Shi B, Yang FH, Gao XH. Effects of sources and concentrations of zinc on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fur quality of growing-furring female mink ( Mustela vison). J Anim Sci 2018; 95:5420-5429. [PMID: 29293767 DOI: 10.2527/jas2017.1810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A completely randomized 3 × 3 + 1 factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of sources and concentrations of Zn on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, serum biochemical endpoints, and fur quality in growing-furring female black mink. One hundred fifty healthy 15-wk-old female mink were randomly allocated to 10 dietary treatments ( = 15/group) for a 60-d trial. Animals in the control group were fed a basal diet, which consisted of mainly corn, soybean oil, meat and bone meal, and fish meal, with no Zn supplementation. Mink in the other 9 treatments were fed the basal diet supplemented with Zn from either zinc sulfate (ZnSO), zinc glycinate (ZnGly), or Zn pectin oligosaccharides (ZnPOS) at concentrations of either 100, 300, or 900 mg Zn/kg DM. The results showed that mink in the ZnPOS groups had higher ADG than those in the ZnSO groups (main effect, < 0.05). The addition of Zn reduced the G:F ( < 0.05). In addition, CP and crude fat digestibility were linearly increased with Zn supplementation ( < 0.05) and N retention tended to increase with Zn addition ( = 0.08). Dietary Zn supplementation increased the concentration of serum albumin and activity of alkaline phosphatase ( < 0.05). There was a linear effect of dietary Zn on the concentration of tibia Zn and pancreatic Zn ( < 0.05). For fur quality characteristics, the fur density and hair color of mink were improved by dietary Zn concentration ( < 0.05). Compared with ZnSO (100%), relative bioavailability values of ZnGly were 115 and 118%, based on tibia and pancreatic Zn, respectively, and relative bioavailability values of ZnPOS were 152 and 142%, respectively. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Zn supplementation can promote growth and increase nutrient digestibility and fur quality and that ZnPOS is more bioavailable than ZnSO and ZnGly in growing-furring female mink.
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Jia BY, Ba HX, Wang GW, Yang Y, Cui XZ, Peng YH, Zheng JJ, Xing XM, Yang FH. Transcriptome analysis of sika deer in China. Mol Genet Genomics 2016; 291:1941-53. [PMID: 27423230 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-016-1231-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sika deer is of great commercial value because their antlers are used in tonics and alternative medicine and their meat is healthy and delicious. The goal of this study was to generate transcript sequences from sika deer for functional genomic analyses and to identify the transcripts that demonstrate tissue-specific, age-dependent differential expression patterns. These sequences could enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying sika deer growth and development. In the present study, we performed de novo transcriptome assembly and profiling analysis across ten tissue types and four developmental stages (juvenile, adolescent, adult, and aged) of sika deer, using Illumina paired-end tag (PET) sequencing technology. A total of 1,752,253 contigs with an average length of 799 bp were generated, from which 1,348,618 unigenes with an average length of 590 bp were defined. Approximately 33.2 % of these (447,931 unigenes) were then annotated in public protein databases. Many sika deer tissue-specific, age-dependent unigenes were identified. The testes have the largest number of tissue-enriched unigenes, and some of them were prone to develop new functions for other tissues. Additionally, our transcriptome revealed that the juvenile-adolescent transition was the most complex and important stage of the sika deer life cycle. The present work represents the first multiple tissue transcriptome analysis of sika deer across four developmental stages. The generated data not only provide a functional genomics resource for future biological research on sika deer but also guide the selection and manipulation of genes controlling growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yin Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4899 Juye Street, Changchun, 130112, China
| | - Heng-Xing Ba
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4899 Juye Street, Changchun, 130112, China
| | - Gui-Wu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4899 Juye Street, Changchun, 130112, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4899 Juye Street, Changchun, 130112, China
| | - Xue-Zhe Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4899 Juye Street, Changchun, 130112, China
| | - Ying-Hua Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4899 Juye Street, Changchun, 130112, China
| | - Jun-Jun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4899 Juye Street, Changchun, 130112, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4899 Juye Street, Changchun, 130112, China
| | - Fu-He Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4899 Juye Street, Changchun, 130112, China.
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Abstract
A new amdoparvovirus, named raccoon dog and fox amdoparvovirus (RFAV), was identified in farmed sick raccoon dogs and arctic foxes. Phylogenetic analyses showed that RFAV belongs to a new species within the genus Amdoparvovirus of the family Parvoviridae. An RFAV strain was isolated in Crandell feline kidney cell culture.
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Song XC, Xu C, Yue ZG, Wang L, Wang GW, Yang FH. Bioinformatic analysis based on the complete coding region of the MSTN gene within and among different species. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr5031. [PMID: 27173201 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15025031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Myostatin, encoded by the MSTN gene (previously GDF8), is a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, which normally acts to limit skeletal muscle mass by regulating the number and growth of muscle fibers. In this study, a total of 84 myostatin gene sequences with known complete coding regions (CDS) and corresponding amino acid sequences were analyzed from 17 species, and differentiation within and among species was studied using comparative genomics and bioinformatics. Characteristics of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences were also predicted. The results indicated that a total of 569 polymorphic sites, including 53 singleton variable sites and 516 parsimony informative sites, which could be sorted into 44 haplotypes, were detected from 17 species. Observed genetic diversity was higher among species than within species, and Vulpes lagopus was more polymorphic than other species. There was clear differentiation of the myostatin gene among species and the reconstructed phylogenetic tree was consistent with the NCBI taxonomy. The myostatin gene was 375-aa long in most species, except for Mus musculus (376 aa) and Danio rerio (373 aa). The amino acid sequences of myostatin were deemed hydrophilic, and had theoretical pI values of <7.0, mostly due to the acidic polypeptide. The instability index of the myostatin protein was 40.48-51.63, indicating that the polypeptide is not stable. The G+C content of the CDS nucleotide sequence in different species was 40.60-51.69%. The predicted promoter region of the Ovis aries myostatin gene was 150-220 bp upstream of the start codon.
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Affiliation(s)
- X C Song
- State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences
| | - C Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences
| | - Z G Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences
| | - L Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences
| | - G W Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences
| | - F H Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences
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Abstract
A 3 × 3 + 1 factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of different sources of copper on plasma metabolites, nutrient digestibility, relative copper bioavailability, and retention of some minerals in male mink. Animals in the control group were fed a basal diet, which mainly consisted of corn, fish meal, meat and bone meal, and soybean oil, with no copper supplementation. Mink in the other 9 treatments were fed the basal diet supplemented with Cu from reagent-grade copper sulfate (CuSO4), tribasic copper chloride (TBCC), or copper methionine (CuMet). Copper concentrations of the experimental diets were 50, 100, and 150 mg Cu/kg DM. Blood samples were collected via the toe clip at the end of study (d 42) to determine blood hematology and blood metabolites. A metabolism trial of 4 d was conducted during the last week of experimental feeding. There was a linear (P < 0.01) effect of dose of Cu on plasma Cu concentrations, ceruloplasmin concentration, and Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase activity. A linear response to Cu dose was noted for fat (P < 0.05) digestibility. Supplemental dose of Cu linearly increased (P < 0.05) liver Cu and decreased (P < 0.05) liver Zn level but did not alter liver Fe. The concentration of liver Cu of the mink fed with TBCC and CuMet diets was greater (P < 0.05) than that fed CuSO4. Compared with CuSO4 (100%), relative bioavailability values of TBCC were 104 and 104%, based on serum ceruloplasmin and liver copper, respectively, and relative bioavailability values of CuMet were 130 and 111%. CuMet and TBCC are more bioavailable than CuSO4. In conclusion, the relative bioavailability of CuMet obtained in this study was greater than that of CuSO4 and TBCC. Dose of Cu had an important effect on the regulating ceruloplasmin concentration, Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase activity, and the digestion of dietary fat in mink.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Z Wu
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun City, Jilin 130112, China
| | - T T Zhang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun City, Jilin 130112, China
| | - J G Guo
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Z Liu
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - F H Yang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun City, Jilin 130112, China State Key Lab for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Changchun City, Jilin 130112, China
| | - X H Gao
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Wei FJ, Cai CY, Yu P, Lv J, Ling C, Shi WT, Jiao HX, Chang BC, Yang FH, Tian Y, Li MS, Wang YH, Zou L, Shi JM, Chen LM, Li WD. Quantitative candidate gene association studies of metabolic traits in Han Chinese type 2 diabetes patients. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:15471-81. [PMID: 26634513 DOI: 10.4238/2015.november.30.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies have identified many loci associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hyperuricemia, and obesity in various ethnic populations. However, quantitative traits have been less well investigated in Han Chinese T2DM populations. We investigated the association between candidate gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and metabolic syndrome-related quantitative traits in Han Chinese T2DM subjects. Unrelated Han Chinese T2DM patients (1975) were recruited. Eighty-six SNPs were genotyped and tested for association with quantitative traits including lipid profiles, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), serum uric acid (SUA), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), plasma glucose [fasting plasma glucose (FPG)], plasma glucose 120 min post-OGTT (P2PG; OGTT = oral glucose tolerance test), and insulin resistance-related traits. We found that CAMTA1, ABI2, VHL, KAT2B, PKHD1, ESR1, TOX, SLC30A8, SFI1, and MYH9 polymorphisms were associated with HbA1c, FPG, and/or P2PG; GCK, HHEX, TCF7L2, KCNQ1, and TBX5 polymorphisms were associated with insulin resistance-related traits; ABCG2, SLC2A9, and PKHD1 polymorphisms were associated with SUA; CAMTA1, VHL, KAT2B, PON1, NUB1, SLITRK5, SMAD3, FTO, FANCA, and PCSK2 polymorphisms were associated with blood lipid traits; CAMTA1, SPAG16, TOX, KCNQ1, ACACB, and MYH9 polymorphisms were associated with blood pressure; and UBE2E3, SPAG16, SLC2A9, CDKAL1, CDKN2A/B, TCF7L2, SMAD3, and PNPLA3 polymorphisms were associated with BMI (all P values <0.05). Some of the candidate genes were associated with metabolic and anthropometric traits in T2DM in Han Chinese. Although none of these associations reached genome-wide significance (P < 5 x 10(-8)), genes and loci identified in this study are worthy of further replication and investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Wei
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - C Y Cai
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - P Yu
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - J Lv
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - C Ling
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - W T Shi
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - H X Jiao
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - B C Chang
- Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - F H Yang
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Y Tian
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - M S Li
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Y H Wang
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - L Zou
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - J M Shi
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - L M Chen
- Metabolic Diseases Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - W D Li
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Liu ZY, Ren EJ, Ba HX, Wu Q, Zhu HW, Xing XM, Yang FH. Correlation analysis between single nucleotide polymorphism of DRD1 gene and stereotyped behavior of blue fox. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:6042-7. [PMID: 26125804 DOI: 10.4238/2015.june.8.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the correlation between stereotyped behavior of the blue fox and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the DRD1 gene. We choose the DRD1 gene as a major gene for investigating the correlation of gene polymorphism and self-biting disease by means of direct sequencing. Part of the DRD1 gene exon of the blue fox was cloned; the length of the whole sequence was 864 bp. Four SNPs were detected and analyzed by the chi-square analysis; the results showed that the gene polymorphism of T206C in the DRD1 gene had a significant correlation with self-biting (P < 0.01). Therefore, marker-assistant selection on self-biting of blue foxes using these SNPs can be applied to select healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Liu
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Changchun, China
| | - E J Ren
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Changchun, China
| | - H X Ba
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Changchun, China
| | - Q Wu
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Changchun, China
| | - H W Zhu
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Changchun, China
| | - X M Xing
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Changchun, China
| | - F H Yang
- Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economical Animals, Changchun, China
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Zhang JY, Wang XF, Wang XD, Fan ZC, Li Y, Ji A, Yang FH. Selective and lithography-independent fabrication of 20 nm nano-gap electrodes and nano-channels for nanoelectrofluidics applications. Nanotechnology 2010; 21:75303. [PMID: 20090195 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/7/075303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A new method has been developed to selectively fabricate nano-gap electrodes and nano-channels by conventional lithography. Based on a sacrificial spacer process, we have successfully obtained sub-100-nm nano-gap electrodes and nano-channels and further reduced the dimensions to 20 nm by shrinking the sacrificial spacer size. Our method shows good selectivity between nano-gap electrodes and nano-channels due to different sacrificial spacer etch conditions. There is no length limit for the nano-gap electrode and the nano-channel. The method reported in this paper also allows for wafer scale fabrication, high throughput, low cost, and good compatibility with modern semiconductor technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor Integrated Technology, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
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Xiao HZ, Qi YP, Yang FH. [Estimate the safety of baculovirus insecticides: the history and the status Quo]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2001; 17:236-40. [PMID: 11517591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews the evaluation of security of baculovirus used as a pesticide. Since 1970s, the scholars have done a lot of experiments with kinds of baculovirus to test the security of a large number kinds of living things even our human beings. Almost all experiments proved that baculovirus is secure, but some experiments came to different conclusions. These gave rise to great debate twice when they were published, but these conclusions have been proved to be wrong with later test by other scientists or the author himself. Since 90s baculovirus have been used a great deal as the vector to express the foreign gene. Some of them reported the expression in mammalian cells, which brought the suspicious of the baculovirus safety. This article made an analysis and a conclusion about them. Also, this article laid emphasis on the security of recombination baculovirus with the results of the security experiment of self-made recombination baculovirus pesticide. In the last analysis, this article draws a conclusion that the baculovirus and recombinant baculovirus insecticides are secure.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Z Xiao
- Institute of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Zeng XC, Li WX, Zhu SY, Peng F, Jiang DH, Yang FH, Wu KL. Cloning and characterization of the cDNA sequences of two venom peptides from Chinese scorpion Buthus martensii Karsch (BmK). Toxicon 2000; 38:893-9. [PMID: 10728828 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-0101(99)00192-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
From a cDNA library made from venom glands of Chinese scorpions of Buthus martensii Karsch, full-length cDNAs encoding precursors of two venom peptides have been isolated using a cDNA probe synthesized by polymerase chain reaction. Sequence analysis of the cDNAs revealed that one encoded precursor was 85 amino acid residues long including a signal peptide of 19 residues and a mature peptide (named BmK T) of 66 residues, and another encoded precursor was 84 residues long containing the same length signal peptide and a mature peptide (BmK M4 isoform, named BmK M4') of 64 residues. The analysis of amino acid sequence similarity indicated that the BmK T was homologous with both mammalian and insect toxins from BmK scorpion or other scorpions, and the BmK M4' was highly homologous with the members of the mammalian neurotoxin family of BmK, having two point mutations in amino acid residue sequence compared to BmK M4, a natural toxin from BmK.
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Affiliation(s)
- X C Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, People's Republic of China
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Zhao CY, Yang Y, Li H, Zheng XL, Yang FH, Li Q. [Study on the inhibition of solid form of S-180 through water soluble polysaccharides from Flammulina velutipes]. Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1988; 19:146-9. [PMID: 3198094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Mai JJ, Zhao CY, Tao DC, Yang FH, You QC, Pang HQ, Long YF, Jiang LS. [A study of the activity of rRNA gene of workers in a high-voltage laboratory]. Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1987; 18:245-7. [PMID: 2445646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Zhao CY, Mai JJ, Tao DC, Yang FH, You QC, Pang HQ, Long YF, Jiang LS. [Effect of discharge in air in a high-voltage laboratory on sister chromatid exchanges and frequency of micronuclei in peripheral blood lymphocytes of workers after exposure]. Sichuan Yi Xue Yuan Xue Bao 1985; 16:329-31. [PMID: 3837393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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