Erratum to: Antimicrobials: a global alliance for optimizing their rational use in intra-abdominal infections (AGORA)

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13017-016-0089-y.].

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to acute calculous cholecystitis in 16 weeks' in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer pregnancy: report of the first case

The most common cases of acute abdomen during pregnancy are acute appendicitis followed by acute cholecystitis. The case presented is a 33-year-old patient in 16 weeks' in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer pregnancy who developed acute cholecystitis. Previously there were two unsuccessful cycles, one complicated with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Due to clinical deterioration during intravenous antibiotic therapy laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed and acute cholecystitis found. The postoperative course was uneventful. During the first 24 h tocolysis with intravenous fenoterol in addition to peroral atenolol 2 Χ 50 mg was administered. Postoperative course was uneventful with further normal pregnancy. Elective cesarean section was made in term pregnancy (39 weeks) with singleton with Apgar 10/10. Current guidelines do not recommend prophylactic tocolysis in pregnant population with acute abdomen but there is no mention of the IVF-ET subpopulation of patients. Also, there are no guidelines for thromboprophylaxis in such patients with increased risk of thromboembolic accidents. To our knowledge this is the first case report of a laparoscopic cholecystectomy during IVF-ET gestation.

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach: case report and short notes on immunohistochemical markers

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach is a rare type of gastric carcinoma with an extremely poor prognosis. We describe a 72-year-old man who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy which revealed 50 mm exulcerated lesion with a central necrosis on the lesser curvature and the posterior wall of the body of the stomach. Gastric biopsy revealed a poorly differentiated (anaplastic) adenocarcinoma. The serum level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was (3220 ng/mL). After diagnosis of AFP-producing gastric adenocarcinoma, total gastrectomy, with splenectomy, was performed. The tumor showed immunohistochemical positivity for AFP and Hep Par 1. According to these histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, the tumor was diagnosed as hepatoid adenocarcinoma. At 24 months postoperatively the patient is still alive without metastatic disease on repeated abdominal CTs. Because of the poor prognosis for this histological type of tumor, accurate diagnosis of hepatoid adenocarcinoma is important, and long-term follow-up is required.

Calyceal plication with pyeloplasty in the treatment of giant hydronephrosis in children

The relief of obstruction alone is frequently not sufficient to ensure renal salvage in giant hydronephrosis. We report on our experience with plication of the renal calyces used as an adjunct to dismembered pyeloplasty in patients with giant hydronephrosis. We describe the operative technique and outcomes in ten children after a follow-up period of six months. Ten patients (six girls and four boys) with a mean age of 8.1 years (range 2-14 years) with giant hydronephrosis caused by primary ureteropelvic junction obstruction underwent a dismembered pyeloplasty followed by plication of the dilated renal calyces. The preoperative evaluation included an excretory urography, ultrasonography, 99mTc-DMSA and 99mTc-DTPA scans. The same tests were repeated six months after the operation to evaluate the outcomes. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. Excretory urography and ultrasonography performed six months after the operation demonstrated a significant improvement of the morphology of the operated kidneys. The kidneys shrunk in diameter from a mean of 149.5 mm (range 89-224 mm) to 93.6 mm (range 68-121 mm) and the mean diameter of the calyces was reduced from 26.9 mm (range 15-42 mm) to 14.7 mm (range 10-24 mm). Renal 99mTc-DTPA scans showed improved perfusion and renal function after surgery, with the mean elimination rate decreasing from 22.41 min (range 17.84 - 28.22 min) to 11.7 min (range 8.16-13.76 mm). 99mTc-DMSA scans demonstrated no new scars and no deterioration of renal parenchyma after surgery. We believe that plication of the renal calyces is the method of choice to be used as an adjunct to the Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty in the treatment of paediatric patients with giant hydronephrosis.

Primary vesicoureteric reflux--our 20 years' experience

AIM

The aim of this study is to compare the Lich-Gregoir procedure and antireflux ureterocystoneostomy at the vertex of the bladder (AUVB) based on 20 years' clinical experience.

METHODS

Over a period of 20 years (1978 - 1998) 1280 children were operated on, 368 bilaterally, which resulted in 1648 antireflux ureterocystoneostomies being performed. Of the total of 1648 antireflux ureterocystoneostomies, AUVB was performed in 1032 ureteric units and the Lich-Gregoir procedure in 616 ureteric units. Between 1978 and 1992 we performed only AUVB, and from 1992, both AUVB and the Lich-Gregoir procedure.

RESULTS

The final result was evaluated 2 years after the operation. Satisfactory results were achieved in 93.5 % with AUVB and in 96 % with the Lich-Gregoir procedure. The postoperative failure rate was 6.5 % for the AUVB and 4 % for the Lich-Gregoir operations. The recurrence rate was higher with AUVB (5 %) than with the Lich-Gregoir procedure (1.5 %), but postoperative stenosis was more frequent with the Lich-Gregoir procedure (2.5 %). CONCLUSIVE: Today, as the first operative method we prefer to employ the Lich-Gregoir procedure. If the result of the Lich-Gregoir procedure is unsatisfactory, we recommend the AUVB for the first and second recurrence operation. Finally, in cases of repeated VUR recurrence of postoperative stenosis, as the last operation we perform antireflux ureteroileocystoplasty with an intussuscepted segment of the ileum.