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Avci I, Teke K, Gocmez S, Kasap M, Akpinar G, Yaprak Bayrak B, Celebi G, Sarihan M, Utkan T, Ozkurkcugil C. Therapeutic effects of AF219 on interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome induced by cyclophosphamide and water avoidance stress in rats. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00810-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Celebi G, Cicek AF, Gurel H, Genc H, Kirik A, Ercin CN, Dogru T. Microvesicular steatosis: a missed item in the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease? Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2020; 83:565-570. [PMID: 33321012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is among the most common causes of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. In NAFLD, histological course of steatosis is usually macrovesicular (MacroS), but it may be accompanied by varying degrees of microvesicular steatosis (MicroS). Thus, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and significance of MicroS in subjects with NAFLD. METHODS A retrospective analysis of clinical and laboratory data of patients with histologically proven NAFLD was performed. The liver biopsy specimens which stained with hematoxylin eosin, reticulin, and Masson's Trichrome stains were evaluated by single expert liver pathologist. Scoring and semiquantitative assessment of steatosis and NAFLD severity was done according to Kleiner scale known as NAFLD activity score (NAS). Grading for steatosis, steatosis type, zonal distribution of steatosis and other histological findings were also determined. RESULTS The prevalence of MicroS among the study population (n= 191) was 30.4%. There was no difference regarding the demographic and biochemical parameters between patients with or without MicroS. On the other hand, the prevalence of ballooning injury and megamitochondria were higher in patients with MicroS (p= 0.019 and p= 0.036, respectively). There was a significant association of MicroS with ballooning injury (OR 2.65, 95% CI= 1.26-5.55 ; p= 0.005) and the presence of megamitochondria (OR 3.72, 95% CI= 1.00-13.72 ; p= 0.037). CONCLUSION MicroS is common in patients with NAFLD and is associated with early histological findings in this clinically relevant condition. Further longitudinal studies are needed to characterize the role of MicroS in the natural history of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Celebi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Health Sciences University, Gulhane Medical School, Etlik, Ankara, 06010, Turkey
| | - A F Cicek
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences University, Gulhane Medical School, Etlik, Ankara, 06010, Turkey
| | - H Gurel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Education and Research Hospital, Ilkadim, Samsun, 55090, Turkey
| | - H Genc
- Department of Gastroenterology, Batigoz Hospital, Balcova, Izmir, 35330, Turkey
| | - A Kirik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Balikesir University Medical School, Cagis, Balikesir, 10145, Turkey
| | - C N Ercin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Health Sciences University, Gulhane Medical School, Etlik, Ankara, 06010, Turkey
| | - T Dogru
- Department of Gastroenterology, Balikesir University Medical School, Cagis, Balikesir, 10145, Turkey
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Hakyemez IN, Erdem H, Beraud G, Lurdes M, Silva-Pinto A, Alexandru C, Bishop B, Mangani F, Argemi X, Poinot M, Hasbun R, Sunbul M, Akcaer M, Alp S, Demirdal T, Angamuthu K, Amer F, Ragab E, Shehata GA, Ozturk-Engin D, Ozgunes N, Larsen L, Zimmerli S, Sipahi OR, Tukenmez Tigen E, Celebi G, Oztoprak N, Yardimci AC, Cag Y. Correction to: Prediction of unfavorable outcomes in cryptococcal meningitis: results of the multicenter infectious Diseases International Research Initiative (ID-IRI) cryptococcal meningitis study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 37:1241-1242. [PMID: 29855841 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-018-3281-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the original version of this article, Mustafa Sunbul was not included in the list of authors for this article. The name has been added accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- I N Hakyemez
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H Erdem
- Infectious Diseases International Research Initiative (ID-IRI), Ankara, Turkey. .,Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Gulhane Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - G Beraud
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France
| | - M Lurdes
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centro Hospitalar S. João and Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Silva-Pinto
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centro Hospitalar S. João and Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Alexandru
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - B Bishop
- Department of Internal Medicine B, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - F Mangani
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, "G. B. Rossi" University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - X Argemi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - M Poinot
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University Hospital of Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - R Hasbun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Sunbul
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ondokuz Mayis University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
| | - M Akcaer
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Gulhane Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Alp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - T Demirdal
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - K Angamuthu
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Almana General Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - F Amer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - E Ragab
- Diagnostic Microbiology Lab of Alexandria University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - G A Shehata
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - D Ozturk-Engin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N Ozgunes
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - L Larsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - S Zimmerli
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital and Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - O R Sipahi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - E Tukenmez Tigen
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - G Celebi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - N Oztoprak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - A C Yardimci
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Y Cag
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Tosun S, Batirel A, Oluk AI, Aksoy F, Puca E, Bénézit F, Ural S, Nayman-Alpat S, Yamazhan T, Koksaldi-Motor V, Tekin R, Parlak E, Tattevin P, Kart-Yasar K, Guner R, Bastug A, Meric-Koc M, Oncu S, Sagmak-Tartar A, Denk A, Pehlivanoglu F, Sengoz G, Sørensen SM, Celebi G, Baštáková L, Gedik H, Dirgen-Caylak S, Esmaoglu A, Erol S, Cag Y, Karagoz E, Inan A, Erdem H. Tetanus in adults: results of the multicenter ID-IRI study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 36:1455-1462. [PMID: 28353183 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-017-2954-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tetanus is an acute, severe infection caused by a neurotoxin secreting bacterium. Various prognostic factors affecting mortality in tetanus patients have been described in the literature. In this study, we aimed to analyze the factors affecting mortality in hospitalized tetanus patients in a large case series. This retrospective multicenter study pooled data of tetanus patients from 25 medical centers. The hospitals participating in this study were the collaborating centers of the Infectious Diseases International Research Initiative (ID-IRI). Only adult patients over the age of 15 years with tetanus were included. The diagnosis of tetanus was made by the clinicians at the participant centers. Izmir Bozyaka Education and Research Hospital's Review Board approved the study. Prognostic factors were analyzed by using the multivariate regression analysis method. In this study, 117 adult patients with tetanus were included. Of these, 79 (67.5%) patients survived and 38 (32.5%) patients died. Most of the deaths were observed in patients >60 years of age (60.5%). Generalized type of tetanus, presence of pain at the wound area, presence of generalized spasms, leukocytosis, high alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) values on admission, and the use of equine immunoglobulins in the treatment were found to be statistically associated with mortality (p < 0.05 for all). Here, we describe the prognostic factors for mortality in tetanus. Immunization seems to be the most critical point, considering the advanced age of our patients. A combination of laboratory and clinical parameters indicates mortality. Moreover, human immunoglobulins should be preferred over equine sera to increase survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tosun
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - A Batirel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A I Oluk
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - F Aksoy
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Karadeniz Technical University School of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - E Puca
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Center "Mother Teresa", Tirana, Albania
| | - F Bénézit
- Infectious Diseases and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - S Ural
- Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - S Nayman-Alpat
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - T Yamazhan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - V Koksaldi-Motor
- Tayfur Ata Sokmen School of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - R Tekin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Dicle University School of Medicine, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - E Parlak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ataturk University School of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - P Tattevin
- Infectious Diseases and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - K Kart-Yasar
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - R Guner
- Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Bastug
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Meric-Koc
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Izmit, Turkey
| | - S Oncu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydin, Turkey
| | - A Sagmak-Tartar
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Firat University School of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey
| | - A Denk
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Firat University School of Medicine, Elazig, Turkey
| | - F Pehlivanoglu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - G Sengoz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S M Sørensen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - G Celebi
- School of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - L Baštáková
- Faculty Hospital Brno, Department of Infectious Diseases and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - H Gedik
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Dirgen-Caylak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Mugla Sitki Kocman University School of Medicine, Mugla, Turkey
| | - A Esmaoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology Intensive Care Unit, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - S Erol
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Y Cag
- School of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - E Karagoz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Inan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H Erdem
- Principal Coordinator of ID-IRI, Ankara, Turkey.
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Gurel H, Genc H, Celebi G, Sertoglu E, Cicek AF, Kayadibi H, Ercin CN, Dogru T. Plasma pentraxin-3 is associated with endothelial dysfunction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2016; 20:4305-4312. [PMID: 27831642 DOI: pmid/27831642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) is an acute-phase protein belonging to the PTX family. It has been reported that PTX-3 is significantly associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is strongly associated with atherosclerosis and CVD. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship of PTX-3 with circulating markers of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in patients with NAFLD. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seventy patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD and seventy healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), adiponectin, and PTX-3 levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) serum levels were measured with the immunoturbidimetric assay. Insulin resistance was estimated using the HOMA-IR index. RESULTS PTX-3 and hsCRP levels were higher and adiponectin levels were lower in the NAFLD group compared to the healthy controls (p < 0.001 for all). In correlation analysis, a significant association was observed between PTX-3 and ADMA levels (r = 0.423, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated for the first time that increased circulating PTX-3 is strongly associated with endothelial dysfunction in subjects with NAFLD. However, large prospective studies are needed to establish the independent predictive value of PTX-3 for CVD endpoints in this clinically relevant condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Gurel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Girne Military Hospital, Girne, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.
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Erdem H, Ozturk-Engin D, Yesilyurt M, Karabay O, Elaldi N, Celebi G, Korkmaz N, Guven T, Sumer S, Tulek N, Ural O, Yilmaz G, Erdinc S, Nayman-Alpat S, Sehmen E, Kader C, Sari N, Engin A, Cicek-Senturk G, Ertem-Tuncer G, Gulen G, Duygu F, Ogutlu A, Ayaslioglu E, Karadenizli A, Meric M, Ulug M, Ataman-Hatipoglu C, Sirmatel F, Cesur S, Comoglu S, Kadanali A, Karakas A, Asan A, Gonen I, Kurtoglu-Gul Y, Altin N, Ozkanli S, Yilmaz-Karadag F, Cabalak M, Gencer S, Umut Pekok A, Yildirim D, Seyman D, Teker B, Yilmaz H, Yasar K, Inanc Balkan I, Turan H, Uguz M, Kilic S, Akkoyunlu Y, Kaya S, Erdem A, Inan A, Cag Y, Bolukcu S, Ulu-Kilic A, Ozgunes N, Gorenek L, Batirel A, Agalar C. Evaluation of tularaemia courses: a multicentre study from Turkey. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20:O1042-51. [PMID: 24975504 DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this multicentre study, which is the largest case series ever reported, we aimed to describe the features of tularaemia to provide detailed information. We retrospectively included 1034 patients from 41 medical centres. Before the definite diagnosis of tularaemia, tonsillitis (n = 653, 63%) and/or pharyngitis (n = 146, 14%) were the most frequent preliminary diagnoses. The most frequent clinical presentations were oropharyngeal (n = 832, 85.3%), glandular (n = 136, 13.1%) and oculoglandular (n = 105, 10.1%) forms. In 987 patients (95.5%), the lymph nodes were reported to be enlarged, most frequently at the cervical chain jugular (n = 599, 58%), submandibular (n = 401, 39%), and periauricular (n = 55, 5%). Ultrasound imaging showed hyperechoic and hypoechoic patterns (59% and 25%, respectively). Granulomatous inflammation was the most frequent histological finding (56%). The patients were previously given antibiotics for 1176 episodes, mostly with β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors (n = 793, 76%). Antituberculosis medications were provided in seven (2%) cases. The patients were given rational antibiotics for tularaemia after the start of symptoms, with a mean of 26.8 ± 37.5 days. Treatment failure was considered to have occurred in 495 patients (48%). The most frequent reasons for failure were the production of suppuration in the lymph nodes after the start of treatment (n = 426, 86.1%), the formation of new lymphadenomegalies under treatment (n = 146, 29.5%), and persisting complaints despite 2 weeks of treatment (n = 77, 15.6%). Fine-needle aspiration was performed in 521 patients (50%) as the most frequent drainage method. In conclusion, tularaemia is a long-lasting but curable disease in this part of the world. However, the treatment strategy still needs optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Erdem
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, GATA Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kulah C, Celebi G, Aktas E, Mengeloglu Z, Comert F, Ankarali H. Unexpected Tigecycline Resistance AmongAcinetobacter baumanniiIsolates: High Minor Error Rate by Etest. J Chemother 2013; 21:390-5. [DOI: 10.1179/joc.2009.21.4.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Aogáin MM, Kulah C, Rijnsburger M, Celebi G, Savelkoul P, O'Gara F, Mooij M. Characterization of imipenem resistance mechanisms in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Turkey. Clin Microbiol Infect 2012; 18:E262-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03899.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Oztoprak N, Piskin N, Aydemir H, Celebi G, Akduman D, Keskin AS, Gokmen A, Engin H, Ankarali H. Piperacillin-tazobactam Versus Carbapenem Therapy With and Without Amikacin as Empirical Treatment of Febrile Neutropenia in Cancer Patients: Results of an Open Randomized Trial at a University Hospital. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2010; 40:761-7. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyq046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Saraç F, Ozgen AG, Celebi G, Pehlivan M, Uluer H, Yilmaz C. Thermogenic response and leptin levels rise after recovery of the euthyroid state. J Endocrinol Invest 2010; 33:254-7. [PMID: 19834316 DOI: 10.1007/bf03345789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of the study were to compare: a) the thermogenic responses in subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) and euthyroid state; b) the relationship between thermogenic response and leptin level. METHODS Thirty women diagnosed with SH (mean age 39.9+/-4.1 yr; body mass index 23.2+/-2.5 kg/m(2)) were enrolled in the study. Thyroid function tests, leptin, and lipid profiles were measured during SH and after stable euthyroidism was recovered. Thermogenic response was measured by Water Immersion Calorimetry during SH and after the euthyroid state was attained. RESULTS The mean level of thermogenic response was found to be 1.45+/-0.43 kcal/kg*h in women with SH. It changed to 1.54+/-0.77 kcal/kg*h (p=0.01) in the euthyroid state; the change was statistically significant. Mean level of leptin was found to be 7.22+/-2.6 ng/ml in SH; and 15.8+/-8.0 ng/ml in the euthyroid state. There was a positive correlation between leptin and free T(3) (r=0.460, p=0.009) levels in SH. There were positive correlations between leptin level and fat mass in SH (r=0.820, p=0.01) and in the euthyroid state (r=0.700, p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS No correlations were found between thermogenic response and leptin levels in SH and in the euthyroid state. Thermogenic response and leptin levels rose after the euthyroid state was recovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Saraç
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ege University Medical School, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
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Erdem G, Tasci I, Celebi G, Ozgur G, Dogru T, Sonmez A, Ercin C, Tapan S. Abstract: 96 LDL-CHOLESTEROL LOWERING EITHER THROUGH THERAPEUTIC LIFESTYLE CHANGE INTERVENTION OR HMG-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITOR TREATMENT DECREASES MEAN PLATELET VOLUME VALUES IN PEOPLE WITH ELEVATED LDL-CHOLESTEROL. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)70228-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Comert FB, Kulah C, Aktas E, Ozlu N, Celebi G. First isolation of vancomycin-resistant enteroccoci and spread of a single clone in a university hospital in northwestern Turkey. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2007; 26:57-61. [PMID: 17200842 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-006-0232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Reported here is the first isolation of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) at a hospital in northwestern Turkey and a description of the ensuing outbreak investigation. The first isolate was obtained from a wound culture of a patient in an intensive care unit. Thereafter, a total of 205 rectal swabs, 67 skin swabs and 123 environmental samples were screened, revealing five more VRE isolates. All isolates showed similar antibiotic resistance patterns, except for two that differed regarding gentamicin resistance. The vanA gene was present in all isolates. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis demonstrated that all isolates belonged to a single clone, with the gentamicin-resistant isolates demonstrating two-band differences. This is the first outbreak to be caused by spread of a single VRE clone in Turkey; it was successfully controlled by strict adherence to appropriate infection control practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- F B Comert
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
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Saraç F, Pehlivan M, Celebi G, Saygili F, Yilmaz C, Kabalak T. Effects of sibutramine on thermogenesis in obese patients assessed via immersion calorimetry. Adv Ther 2006; 23:1016-29. [PMID: 17276969 DOI: 10.1007/bf02850222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Glucose utilization studies show that sibutramine-induced thermogenesis is mediated via selective sympathetic activation of brown adipose tissue. The goal of the present study was to use a new calorimetry method in which resting metabolic rate is enhanced to evaluate the effects of sibutramine treatment on thermogenesis. Sixty obese women were included in the study. Subjects were divided into 2 equal groups-the placebo and sibutramine treatment groups. The sibutramine group was given sibutramine 10 mg daily for 12 wk. At baseline and at the end of the 12-wk treatment period, thermogenic measurements were taken with the use of water immersion calorimetry. Subjects were examined at weeks 4, 8, and 12 of treatment to identify adverse effects. Body mass index, measured at 31.5+/-2.05 kg/m2 in the placebo group, decreased to 30.4+/-2.94 kg/m(2) after 12 wk (P=.07). In the sibutramine group, it decreased from 33.5+/-4.1 kg/m(2) to 30.9+/-4.8 kg/m(2) (P<.05). In the sibutramine group, mean thermogenic response changed from a baseline value of 1.27+/-0.29 kcal/kg/h to 1.44+/-0.13 kcal/kg/h after 12 wk of treatment. In the placebo group, the baseline value was 1.56+/-0.27 kcal/kg/h; it changed to 1.33+/-0.36 kcal/kg/h at the end of 12 wk. The findings of this study suggest that sibutramine treatment promotes thermogenesis, thus facilitating weight loss. Calorimetry enhances resting metabolism through more efficient heat transfer from the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Saraç
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
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Hepguler S, Akkoc YS, Pehlivan M, Ozturk C, Celebi G, Saracoglu A, Ozpinar B. The efficacy of intra-articular sodium hyaluronate in patients with reducing displaced disc of the temporomandibular joint. J Oral Rehabil 2002; 29:80-6. [PMID: 11844036 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2842.2002.00807.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this clinical trial, we examined the efficacy of intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) treatment in 38 patients with reducing displaced disc of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Subjects received two unilateral upper space injections of HA or physiological saline solution with 1 week apart. Efficacy was based on the following measurements: pain and sound intensity of the joint measured by visual analogue scale (VAS), modified Helkimo's clinical dysfunction index and the intensity of joint vibration during opening and closing the mouth measured by accelerometers. These measurements were performed before the first injection and 1 and 6 months after the last injection. In the treatment group (n=19), all measurements improved significantly at month 1 and at month 6 compared with the baseline (P < 0.01). The same measurements, in the placebo group (n=19), did not show any change, except for the pain intensity which improved at month 1 and month 6 (P < 0.05). The change in baseline measurements of all of the efficacy criteria at month 1 and at month 6 in the treatment group was significantly better compared with the change obtained with placebo at the same time intervals. This study demonstrates that intra-articular sodium hyaluronate (Orthovisc) injection into the TMJ is an effective treatment for a reducing displaced disc.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hepguler
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Vidybida AK, Erkizan V, Altungöz O, Celebi G, Erikzan V. Testing of nonlinear electrofrictiophoresis in agarose gel. Bioelectrochemistry 2000; 52:91-101. [PMID: 11059582 DOI: 10.1016/s0302-4598(00)00088-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
It was theoretically predicted earlier that if a periodic force without constant component is applied to a particle, then the particle can produce a directed drift in some direction. The effect is named nonlinear electrofrictiophoresis, because it is crucial for its appearance that the friction force depends on the particle's velocity in a nonlinear manner. We test a possibility to observe this effect when a mixture of fragments of DNA (the DNA ladder) moves in the agarose gel. For this purpose, we study the nonlinear characteristics of a DNA ladder movement in the gel. The gels with the ladder were run under various electric field strengths. It was found that the friction coefficient for each DNA fragment in the ladder depends on the migration velocity, suggesting that energy dissipation during migration is a nonlinear function of velocity. This nonlinearity makes the system under consideration suitable for observing nonlinear electrofrictiophoresis. A possible velocity of directed drift under periodic electric drive without constant component was estimated numerically for experimentally observed dependencies. The velocity appeared to be comparable with that of migration under a constant field of moderate strength. A possible mechanism of energy dissipation during movement of DNA through the gel is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Vidybida
- Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics Metrologichna, Ukraine.
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Ertekin C, Aydogdu I, Yüceyar N, Tarlaci S, Kiylioglu N, Pehlivan M, Celebi G. Electrodiagnostic methods for neurogenic dysphagia. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1998; 109:331-40. [PMID: 9751296 DOI: 10.1016/s0924-980x(98)00027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Swallowing mechanisms and neurogenic dysphagia have not been systematically studied by the EMG technique. It is desirable to evaluate neurogenic dysphagia for diagnostic and possibly for therapeutic purposes using electrophysiological methods. METHODS The following methods were described: mechanical upward/downward movements of the larynx were detected using a piezoelectric sensor, while submental integrated EMG activity was recorded during dry and wet swallowing. The EMG activity of cricopharyngeal muscle of the upper oesophageal sphincter was also recorded in some normal subjects and patients. Piecemeal deglutition and the dysphagia limit were determined in all patients to detect dysphagia objectively. In this study 75 normal subjects and 177 neurological patients with various degrees of dysphagia were investigated. RESULTS Voluntarily triggered oropharyngeal swallowing was commonly pathological in the majority of patients, with or without overt dysphagia. The dysphagia limit appeared to be an objective measure of the degree of dysphagia in more than 90% of patients. Pathophysiological mechanisms were different in at least three groups of patients with neurogenic dysphagia. In the group of patients with muscular disorders, laryngeal elevators were involved while the CP-sphincter was intact. The second group included patients with the clinical signs of corticobulbar fibre involvement such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and pseudobulbar palsy. In these patients, there was incoordination between paretic laryngeal elevators and hyperreflexic CP-sphincter. In the third group (patients with Parkinson's disease), the swallowing reflex was delayed and prolonged. CONCLUSIONS EMG methods described in the present study are very useful for the diagnosis of neurogenic dysphagia, objectively and quickly. They are important to understand the physiological mechanisms for deglutition and its disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ertekin
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Medical School Hospital, Ege University Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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Ertekin C, Aydoğdu I, Yüceyar N, Pehlivan M, Ertaş M, Uludağ B, Celebi G. Effects of bolus volume on oropharyngeal swallowing: an electrophysiologic study in man. Am J Gastroenterol 1997; 92:2049-53. [PMID: 9362190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Different variables of oropharyngeal swallowing change in response to bolus volume and consistency as determined by manometric/videofluoroscopic studies. But the subject is debatable especially from the physiologic point of view. No electrophysiologic studies are available on human subjects. METHODS The effects of bolus volume and viscosity on different variables of oropharyngeal swallowing were investigated using electrophysiologic methods. Mechanical upward and downward laryngeal movements and submental electromyographic (SM-EMG) activity of the laryngeal elevator muscles were recorded during dry and 3-, 10-, and 20-ml water swallowing in 14 normal subjects. Cricopharyngeus (CP) muscle was investigated during 3- and 10-ml water swallowing in 10 normal subjects. Semisolid and liquid swallowing were compared in eight normal subjects. RESULTS The total duration of SM-EMG, time necessary for larynx elevation, CP-EMG pause related with upper esophageal sphincter opening and swallowing variability (jitter) all increased significantly with increasing bolus volume. Laryngeal superior relocation time and CP-EMG pause were shorter for semisolid swallowing compared with swallowing the same amount of liquid. CONCLUSION The duration of SM-EMG activity, laryngeal upward-downward movements, and CP-EMG pause are affected by sensory inputs such as volume and viscosity of the bolus swallowed. The results indicate that sensory input modifies the central swallowing pattern although basic events remain the same in normal human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ertekin
- Department of Neurology, Ege University Medical School Hospital, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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Abstract
Peripheral sympathetic activity was investigated in 25 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and 27 healthy subjects by measuring the skin resistance level (SRL) and skin resistance response (SRR) at the palm of the hand during rest, auditory stimulation and patellar tendon tapping. Blood flow to the hand was also monitored. Normal responses were obtained from all the 27 healthy subjects with both stimuli. All but one of the 25 PD patients responded to sound, six patients failed to respond to patellar tendon tapping and one patient failed to respond to both stimuli. The SRRs (when detectable) of PD patients were always smaller in amplitude than those of normal subjects. It was also observed that while an electrodermal response was present, no vasomotor response could be elicited by either stimulus in some patients. The opposite was true in some other patients. When response latencies were evaluated, it was found that although the mean latency of SRRs evoked by tendon taping was shorter than the mean latency of responses to auditory stimuli in normal subjects, this was not the case in PD patients. SRR mean latency to patellar tendon tapping was significantly longer in PD patients compared with that in normal subjects. Mean latencies of responses to auditory stimuli were the same for both normal subjects and patients. The ratio of the SRR amplitude to SRL (i.e. relative change in SRL) during both types of stimulation was significantly smaller in PD patients than in normal subjects. All the above findings were also true when blood flow to the tissue was interrupted briefly. These findings support the conjecture that the abnormal peripheral sympathetic neural responses associated with PD may arise from a functional disorder in the basal ganglia that influence the efferent autonomic pathway, from impairment of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord, and possibly from cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Esen
- Department of Biophysics, Ege University School of Medicine, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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Taşkiran E, Celebi G, Kalayci T, Pehlivan M, Aydoğdu S, Sur H. Effect of tibial tubercle elevation on patellofemoral compressive force in patellofemoral arthrosis. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 1997; 5:31-5. [PMID: 9127850 DOI: 10.1007/s001670050020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of tibial tubercle elevation on the patellofemoral compressive force (PFCF) was investigated in patients with patellofemoral arthrosis. Fifteen (11 women and 4 men) patients who had undergone tibial tubercle elevation were included in the study. The average follow-up was 4.5 years. The mean age of the patients was 59 years (range 34-71 years). They were able to maintain a normal pain-free daily life. Maximal isometric quadriceps force (Q) was calculated by equating the moment generated by this force to the moment of the force measured at the ankle by a modified hand dynamometer. PFCF was calculated from the quadriceps and patellar tendon forces. Statistical analyses were then applied to the measured and calculated quantities. The mean quadriceps force in the operated knee decreased by 20%. Likewise, the mean PFCF was found to be reduced by 30% in the operated knees as compared with the asymptomatic contralateral knees. The above differences in Q and PFCF between the operated knee and the asymptomatic knee were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Therefore, the results of this study do not agree with the previously held view that Q and PFCF increase due to the removal of pain after the elevation operation. It is our contention that comparison of the forces measured preoperatively in a painful joint with the forces that can be attained postoperatively in the pain-free joint can lead to errors in biomechanical evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Taşkiran
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ege University Medical School, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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Pehlivan M, Yüceyar N, Ertekin C, Celebi G, Ertaş M, Kalayci T, Aydoĝdu I. An electronic device measuring the frequency of spontaneous swallowing: digital phagometer. Dysphagia 1996; 11:259-64. [PMID: 8870354 DOI: 10.1007/bf00265212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A new and portable electronic device called the "Digital Phagometer" is described for the time based counting of spontaneous swallowing. This device is composed of a piezoelectric sensor and a digital event counter/ recorder which can be downloaded to any IBM-compatible PC. The sensor of Digital Phagometer is placed and fixed on the coniotomy region between the cricoid and thyroid cartilage. In this way, it is capable of sensing each upward and downward movement of the larynx produced by spontaneous movement as a function of time. Spontaneous swallowing was measured 1-4 h after lunch in 21 normal subjects and 21 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The mean frequency of spontaneous swallowing was 0.8 counts/min in PD patients and 1.18 counts/ min in normal subjects (p < 0.05). During the intake of 200 ml water, the mean frequency of voluntary swallowing did not differ significantly between the two groups (24.6 counts/min in normals vs. 22.3 counts/min in PD patients), but the time necessary to swallow the same volume of water was longer in the PD group.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pehlivan
- Department of Neurology, Medical School Hospital, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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Celebi G, Kalayci T, Aysan T, Algan O, Ozhan M, Korukoglu S, Pehlivan M. Application of multivariate linear discriminant analysis to lung sounds in some pulmonary diseases. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 1996; 51:42-9. [PMID: 8901321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past 15 yrs, a number of investigators have applied spectral analysis to respiratory sounds recorded from the chest wall or the trachea in order to objectively characterize them and to relate them with different pulmonary diseases. In the present study, we have applied multivariate linear discriminant analysis to the spectral features of respiratory sounds. Lung sounds and the airflow velocity were recorded from 15 normal adults and 37 patients falling into three different disease categories: chronic obstructive lung disease, bronchial asthma and bronchiectasis. All patients had prominent adventitious lung sounds (i.e. either wheezes or crackles). Amplitude spectra of five selected inspiratory and expiratory sound segments of each subject were calculated using the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm. Multi-variate linear discriminant analysis was then applied to the normalized and averaged spectral area values calculated for 10 unequal and arbitrarily selected frequency bands for each patient in the frequency range between 80 Hz and 1 kHz. Inspiratory and expiratory sounds were treated separately. Discriminant functions were computed from the spectral area values and plotted on graphs to classify the subjects into one of the disease categories or as normal (training set). While some separation was achieved among the different disease groups, a clearer separation was evident between normals and patients as a whole on the basis both of inspiratory and expiratory sounds. Inspiratory and expiratory sound frequency bands having the largest weights in classification were determined. Admittedly, the specific results of this study are preliminary or even tentative in view of the inadequacies of sound recording and signal conditioning techniques that were available to us at the time of recording. However, we believe that the investigation serves to illustrate the potential of multivariate discriminant analysis in the diagnostic classification of patients on the basis of their lung sound patterns. We suggest that this technique be considered by investigators involved in lung sound research, because it also allows other patient variables to be combined with the selected parameters of lung sounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Celebi
- Dept of Biophysics, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
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Ertekin C, Pehlivan M, Aydoğdu I, Ertaş M, Uludağ B, Celebi G, Colakoğlu Z, Sağduyu A, Yüceyar N. An electrophysiological investigation of deglutition in man. Muscle Nerve 1995; 18:1177-86. [PMID: 7659112 DOI: 10.1002/mus.880181014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This article describes a combined electrophysiological and mechanical method used to measure laryngeal movements and related submental EMG activity during swallowing. The mechanical upward and downward movements of the larynx were detected using a piezoelectric sensor while the submental integrated EMG (SM-EMG) was recorded. Measurements were performed in 29 human subjects. The interval between the onsets of the two sensor signal deflections was used as a measure of the time the larynx remained in its superior position during swallowing. In 10 subjects, the cricopharyngeus muscle (CP) of the upper esophageal spinchter showed a continuous tonic EMG activity except during swallowing. All the parameters measured were influenced by the type and volume of the bolus material. The method presented in this study proved its usefulness in the study of the physiology of deglutition as well as in its objective clinical evaluation in patients with dysphagia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ertekin
- Department of Neurology, Ege University Medical School Hospital, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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Celebi G, Kurt R, Lok V, Sebik A, Barin E, Zeren B. Prevention of neurovascular complications in extension osteotomy of the tibia in poliomyelitis. Int Orthop 1991; 15:29-30. [PMID: 2071277 DOI: 10.1007/bf00210529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Extension osteotomy of the proximal tibia was carried out in patients with quadriceps weakness after poliomyelitis in order to obtain a stable knee during the stance phase. Blood flow in the anterior and posterior tibial arteries was measured by Doppler sonography before, during and after operation. It was found that there was a correlation between the degree of extension of the knee after operation and a diminished blood flow. This probably explains some of the neurovascular complications reported in the literature after this procedure. We recommend that blood flow is monitored sonographically in the postoperative phase and that optimum extension is obtained gradually over a period of time in a hinged plaster cast.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Celebi
- Department of Physiology (Biophysics section), Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
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Lok V, Celebi G, Sebik A, Barin E. Biomechanical basis of the tibial recurvation osteotomy. Med J Zambia 1983; 17:77-82. [PMID: 6679156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Celebi G. Simple apparatus for generating reaction time histograms. Physiol Behav 1978; 20:355-6. [PMID: 748947 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9384(78)90233-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
Since it is known that turbulent flow exists in aneurysms, we have investigated whether pressure might be distributed unevenly on the aneurysmal wall, and whether it varies with the shape and size of the aneurysm and its orifice diameter as well as with the direction of blood flow in the parent vessel. It was found that in some instances, such as with aneurysms having narrow necks and situated at 90 degrees to the parent vessel blood flow, aneurysmal pressure is relatively low.
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