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Frega A, Pavone M, Sesti F, Leone C, Bianchi P, Cozza G, Colombrino C, Lukic A, Marziani R, De Sanctis L, Delli Carpini G, Caserta D, Ciavattini A. Sensitivity and specificity values of high-risk HPV DNA, p16/ki-67 and HPV mRNA in young women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL). Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 23:10672-10677. [PMID: 31858534 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201912_19765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity values of high-risk HPV DNA test, p16/ki-67, and HPV mRNA in histologically high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN2-CIN3) in women aged 21-24 years with diagnosis of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) at pap smear. PATIENTS AND METHODS 342 patients between 21-24 years old, attending spontaneously our clinics, 118 with ASCUS and 224 with LSIL, were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent colposcopy and biopsies were performed in the areas with major changes. All patients were tested at the same time for p16/ki-67, high-risk HPV DNA and HPV mRNA. RESULTS Nineteen out of 118 women with ASCUS showed a high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesion, 11 out of 118 (9.32%) CIN2, and 8 out of 118 (6.78%) CIN3. The sensitivity of high-risk HPV DNA was 99.9%, and the specificity 23.2%; p16/ki-67 pointed out a sensitivity of 90.9%, and a specificity of 81.8%; HPV mRNA showed a sensitivity of 81.8%, and specificity of 87.9% in CIN2 lesions. In CIN3 lesions, the sensitivity of high-risk HPV DNA was 99.9%, while the specificity was 19.1%; p16/ki-67 showed a sensitivity of 99.9%, and a specificity of 73.7%; HPV mRNA relived a sensitivity of 87.5%, and a specificity of 80.8%. In women with LSIL, a total of 42/224 (18.75%) of CIN2 were found at the histopathological examination, while 17/224 (7.59%) women presented a CIN3. No case of invasive cancer was identified. High-risk HPV DNA was positive in 190/224 (84.8%), p16/ki-67 in 119/224 (53.1%), and HPV mRNA in 104/224 (46.4%). In women with CIN2, the sensitivity of high-risk HPV DNA was of 92.8%, and the specificity 17.5%, the sensitivity of p16/ki-67 was 95.2%, and specificity 61.8%. HPV mRNA showed a sensitivity of 88.8% and a specificity of 87.8%. In women with CIN3, the sensitivity of high-risk HPV DNA was 88.2%, and the specificity 29.7%; p16/ki-67 pointed out a sensitivity of 94.1%, and a specificity of 49%; HPV mRNA showed a sensitivity of 88.2% and a specificity of 80.6. CONCLUSIONS Taking into account the high rate of spontaneous regression of high-grade lesions in young women, these tests, in particular, the HPV mRNA test, used as a triage test for ASCUS or LSIL, can modify follow-up triage strategy. In fact, this biomarker, due to its high specificity, could lead to a cytology repetition instead of an immediate colposcopy, avoiding over diagnosis and potential overtreatment in this category of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frega
- Department of Surgery, Medicine and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Cozza G, Fortuna M, Meggio F, Sarno S, Kubbutat MHG, Totzke F, Schaechtele C, Pinna LA, Olsufyeva EN, Preobrazhenskaya MN. Hydrophobic Derivatives of Glycopeptide Antibiotics as Inhibitors of Protein Kinases. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2018; 83:1222-1230. [PMID: 30472959 PMCID: PMC7088347 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918100073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
As key regulators of cell signaling, protein kinases (PKs) are attractive targets for therapeutic intervention in a variety of diseases. Herein, we report for the first time the inhibitory activity of polycyclic peptides, particularly, derivatives of glycopeptide antibiotics teicoplanin and eremomycin, against a panel of 12 recombinant human protein kinases and two protein kinases (CK1 and CK2) isolated from rat liver. Several of the investigated compounds inhibited various PKs with IC50 values below 10 μM and caused >90% suppression of the enzyme activity at 10 µM concentration. Kinetic analysis of the protein kinase CK2α inhibition by the teicoplanin aglycon analogue (7) demonstrated the non-competitive mechanism of inhibition (with regard to ATP). Interestingly, the inhibitory activity of some investigated compounds correlated with the earlier described antiviral activity against HIV, HCV, and other corona- and flaviviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cozza
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - M Fortuna
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - F Meggio
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - S Sarno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | | | - F Totzke
- ProQinase GmbH, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
| | | | - L A Pinna
- Center for Neuroscience Research Neuroscience Institute, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - E N Olsufyeva
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, Moscow, 119021, Russia.
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Cozza G, Pinto A, Giovanale V, Bianchi P, Guarino A, Marziani R, Frega A, Caserta D. Comparative effectiveness and impact on health-related quality of life of hysterectomy vs. levonorgestrel intra-uterine system for abnormal uterine bleeding. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2017; 21:2255-2260. [PMID: 28537655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare hysterectomy and levonorgestrel intra-uterine system (LNG-IUS) for the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and iron deficiency anemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective study evaluating quality of life, sexual function, satisfaction and blood hemoglobin concentration improvement in 60 pre-menopausal women treated with hysterectomy or LNG-IUS. All analysis was performed with statistical software SPSS 21.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). RESULTS Despite superior control of bleeding and dysmenorrhea observed after hysterectomy, LNG-IUS showed similar impact on blood hemoglobin levels, quality of life, satisfaction and sexual function resulting more cost-effective. CONCLUSIONS In the absence of contraindications, LNG-IUS should always be the first therapeutic choice for chronic AUB. Surgical treatment must be considered as an "extrema ratio".
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cozza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science and Translation Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Frega A, Lavini G, Guarino A, Giovanale V, Lukic A, Bianchi P, Cozza G, Marziani R, D'Ambrosio A, French D, Caserta D. Cervical carcinogenesis, bacterial vaginosis, HPV-mRNA test and relapse of CIN2+ after loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2017; 21:2504-2511. [PMID: 28617533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between bacterial vaginosis (BV) and relapse of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or more (CIN2+) after Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred four patients who underwent LEEP for CIN2+ were followed up every six months for three years. Fifty-three were negative for BV and fifty-one were positive. Each clinical control included Pap test, colposcopy, Amsel criteria test, HPV-DNA, and HPV-mRNA test. RESULTS Patients' age, presence of BV, positivity to HPV-DNA and HPV-mRNA tests were analyzed. The average age of patients was 42.5 ± 8.92 years (median: 42.5; range from 27 to 58 years). The minimum follow-up was 6 months and maximum 36 months (average: 22.8 ± 4.53; median: 24). The 10% of the patients with HPV-mRNA test negative had relapsed, compared to 45% of patients with HPV-mRNA test positive. Among the 53 patients without BV the 20% had relapsed compared with 23% of 51 patients with diagnosis of BV. CONCLUSIONS There is no evidence for higher percentage of relapse in patients with BV, submitted to excisional procedure for CIN2+ associated to HPV-m-RNA test positivity. There is only a correlation among BV and relapse of CIN2+ lesions after LEEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frega
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science and Translation Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Frega A, Verrone A, Manzara F, Schimberni M, Catalano A, Milazzo GN, Marziani R, Cozza G, Bianchi P, French D, Sesti F, Caserta D. Expression of E6/E7 HPV-DNA, HPV-mRNA and colposcopic features in management of CIN2/3 during pregnancy. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2016; 20:4236-4242. [PMID: 27831652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The incidence of abnormal cervical cytology in pregnancy is similar to that reported for non-pregnant women. Furthermore, 1% of pregnant women annually screened for cervical cancer will be diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) of various degrees. For this reason, Pap smear should be performed in the first trimester of pregnancy. The persistence of HR-HPV infection is related to the development of CIN. However, the relationship between CIN and HR-HPV infection during pregnancy and postpartum can hardly be found. The aim of this work was to assess the proper management of abnormal cytology during and after pregnancy evaluating regression rate, persistence rate and risk of progression and the predictive role of HPV molecular tests. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with abnormal cervical cytology were followed-up using colposcopy and colposcopy-directed biopsies every 12 weeks. Molecular tests were performed at the moment of the cytological diagnosis. Patients not treated in pregnancy were re-evaluated with cytology, colposcopy, biopsies, HPV-DNA test and HPV-mRNA test for a final diagnosis 8 weeks postpartum. Women with a persistent CIN 2-3 lesion at this follow-up check, underwent an excisional procedure by LEEP and then re-evaluated every 6 months for a year. RESULTS HPV-DNA test showed a sensitivity of 90.5% and a negative predictive value of 96.4%. Specificity and positive predictive values were 67.9% and 43.2%, respectively. For HPV-mRNA test, a sensitivity of 76.2% and a NPV of 93.9% were found; specificity and PPV were 98.7% and 94.1% respectively. CONCLUSIONS An observational management based on the use of molecular test and particularly HPV-mRNA test for its higher specificity, is a reasonable possibility in the follow-up of CIN2/3 lesions during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frega
- Department of Surgical and Medical Science and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Frega A, Manzara F, Schimberni M, Guarino A, Catalano A, Bianchi P, Marziani R, Cozza G, Milazzo GN, French D, Caserta D. Human papilloma virus infection and cervical cytomorphological changing among intrauterine contraception users. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2016; 20:3528-3534. [PMID: 27649651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The increased use of the intrauterine contraception (IUC) in female population and its probable relationship with cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer make necessary clarify the possible interaction between the device and the pre-neoplastic lesions. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seven hundred and eighty-nine patients users of IUC and 1491 patients ever users of IUC were followed every 6 months for 3 years. Each clinical control included Papanicolau test, colposcopy, HPV-DNA test and HPV-mRNA test. Also, in patients IUC users we analyzed the type of device, years of use and average age. RESULTS Cytological sampling, histological examination, HPV-DNA test and HPV-mRNA test showed that there are not significantly differences between patients with or without IUC. CONCLUSIONS None difference arose regarding persistence and progression between patients IUC users and IUC no users, for this reason, intrauterine contraception does not seem to be a co-causal factor in the possible development of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frega
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Zinna M, Gentile M, Torcia F, Bianchi P, Cozza G, Marziani R, Milazzo GN, Catalano A, Di Properzio M, Manzara F, Schimberni M, Caserta D, Frega A. Diagnostic accuracy of sonohysterography vs hysteroscopy in benign uterine endocavitary findings. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2015; 19:365-371. [PMID: 25720704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare diagnostic accuracy of sonohysterography vs hysteroscopy in patients with benign uterine endocavitary findings. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective study evaluated 202 patients submitted to sonohysterography after transvaginal ultrasound examination suspicious for uterine endocavitary findings. Cytological sample was taken and analyzed from the fluid used to distend the uterine cavity. Of 202 patients enrolled for this study, 86 patients underwent gynaecological surgery, of whom 77 were treated with operative hysteroscopy and 9 with other gynaecological surgical techniques. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate diagnostic agreement between sonohysterography vs hysteroscopy and cytology vs histology. RESULTS Diagnostic concordance between sonohysterography and hysteroscopy was significant (k value 0.87). The correlation between cytological and histological findings had a moderate level of concordance (k value 0.49). CONCLUSIONS Sonohysterography provides a diagnostic accuracy as well as hysteroscopy, therefore, it could be considered an alternative procedure in the diagnosis of benign uterine endocavitary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zinna
- Department of Gynecological, Obstetric and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.
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Gentile M, Bianchi P, Sesti F, Sopracordevole F, Biamonti A, Scirpa P, Schimberni M, Cozza G, Marziani R, Di Martino G, Catalano A, Milazzo GN, Zinna M, Caserta D, Frega A. Adjuvant topical treatment with imiquimod 5% after excisional surgery for VIN 2/3. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2014; 18:2949-2952. [PMID: 25339491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) is a premalignant lesion of the vulva. The incidence of VIN is increasing. The surgery is currently the gold standard therapy for VIN, but Imiquimod could be a completion to surgery. The aim of this study is to compare the overall complete response, the recurrence rate and the risk factors for recurrence among two groups of patients: women with high grade VIN underwent surgery and patients treated with surgery plus Imiquimod. PATIENTS AND METHODS 80 patients with histologically diagnosed VIN 2/3 were enrolled in this prospective study. Our patients were divided into two groups: 40 women underwent surgery (A) and 40 patients were treated with surgery plus Imiquimod (B). All women had a 5-year follow-up. Recurrence rate and complete response were evaluated. The following patients' characteristics were analyzed: smoke, multifocal disease, multicentric disease, degree of the lesion. RESULTS In the group A recurrence rate was 44.8%, in the group B it was 48.4%. In both groups the presence of multifocal lesions (p = 0.02) and VIN 3 (p = 0.006) before treatment was associated with a higher risk of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS This study found that surgery remains the principal approach for VIN with regard to relapse and complete response since the treatment with Imiquimod associated with surgery didn't show a lower recurrence rate. Although the surgical treatments remain the best therapeutic option for VIN with regard to recurrence and overall complete response, the combined therapy seems to be an interesting modality, but further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gentile
- Department of Gynaecological, Obstetric and Urological Sciences, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Romeo F, Toscano S, Blagia M, Fina M, Proto P, Casiello M, Colella P, Cozza G, D'Agostino A. P07.05 * THE ROLE OF SURGERY IN PALLIATIVE TREATMENT OF METASTASES INVOLVING THE CERVICAL SPINE. OUR EXPERIENCE AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou174.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Bianchi P, Cozza G, Salvatori M, Giovanale V, Vitali M. Ultrasound-guided dilatation and curettage in life-threatening cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2014; 179:252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Frega A, Sesti F, Sopracordevole F, Biamonti A, Scirpa P, Milazzo GN, Catalano A, Assorgi C, Lombardi D, Gentile M, Maniglio P, Ricciardi E, Cozza G, Marziani R, Moscarini M. Imiquimod 5% cream versus cold knife excision for treatment of VIN 2/3: a five-year follow-up. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2013; 17:936-940. [PMID: 23640441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) is a premalingnant condition. For long time, surgery was considered the first-line therapy in the treatment of high grade VIN. Imiquimod was recently introduced as an alternative to surgery. AIM To compare the overall complete response, the recurrence rate and the risk factors for relapse among patients with VIN 2/3 treated with Imiquimod or surgical excision. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighty women who had histological diagnosis of VIN 2 and VIN 3 were enrolled in this prospective study. Patients immunocompromised, with recurrent VIN, with well differentiated type VIN or VIN 1 and women treated more than once were excluded from the study. Patients were divided into two groups: group A was treated with Imiquimod, group B underwent surgical excision. Patients' characteristics analyzed were: age, smoking, degree of the primary lesion, state of margins, multifocal disease. We have evaluated the recurrence rate, the relapse rate, and the overall complete response, considering as recurrence the onset of a lesion after an initial complete response to Imiquimod and/or after the surgical treatment and as relapse all patients who had a recurrence plus those with medical treatment failure. RESULTS Multifocal lesions (p = 0.03) and VIN 3 (p = 0.002) were associated with a higher risk of relapse. The recurrence rate was higher in the group B (p = 0.009), but the relapse rate was higher in the group A (p = 0.04). The overall complete response was better in the group B (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Although the advent of new medical options can decrease the morbidity associated with invasive surgical procedures, surgical treatments remain the best treatment modality for VIN with regard to relapse and overall complete response.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Frega
- Department of Gynecological, Obstetric and Urological Sciences, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Cozza G, Pinna L, Moro S. Kinase CK2 Inhibition: An Update. Curr Med Chem 2013; 20:671-93. [DOI: 10.2174/092986713804999312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Salvi M, Trashi E, Cozza G, Franchin C, Arrigoni G, Pinna LA. Investigation on PLK2 and PLK3 substrate recognition. Biochim Biophys Acta 2012; 1824:1366-73. [PMID: 22828320 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2012.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Analyses of human phosphoproteome based on primary structure of the aminoacids surrounding the phosphor Ser/Thr suggest that a significant proportion of phosphosites is generated by a restricted number of acidophilic kinases, among which protein kinase CK2 plays a prominent role. Recently, new acidophilic kinases belonging to the Polo like kinase family have been characterized, with special reference to PLK1, PLK2, and PLK3 kinases. While some progress has been made in deciphering the PLK1-dependent phosphoproteome, very little is known about the targets of PLK2 and PLK3 kinases. In this report by using an in vitro approach, consisting of cell lysate phosphorylation, phosphoprotein separation by 2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, we describe the identification of new potential substrates of PLK2 and PLK3 kinases. We have identified and validated as in vitro PLK2 and PLK3 substrates HSP90, GRP-94, β-tubulin, calumenin, and 14-3-3 epsilon. The phosphosites generated by PLK3 in these proteins have been identified by mass spectrometry analysis to get new insights about PLKs specificity determinants. These latter have been further corroborated by an in silico analysis of the PLKs substrate binding region.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Salvi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy.
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Salvi M, Trashi E, Cozza G, Negro A, Hanson PI, Pinna LA. Tools to discriminate between targets of CK2 vs PLK2/PLK3 acidophilic kinases. Biotechniques 2012; 53:000113866. [PMID: 26307252 DOI: 10.2144/000113866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
While the great majority of Ser/Thr protein kinases are basophilic or proline directed, a tiny minority is acidophilic. The most striking example of such "acidophilic" kinases is CK2, whose sites are specified by numerous acidic residues surrounding the target one. However PLK2 and PLK3 kinases recognize an acidic consensus similar to CK2 when tested on peptide libraries. Here we describe optimal buffer conditions for PLK2 and 3 kinase activity assays and tools such as using GTP as a phosphate donor and the specific inhibitors CX-4945 and BI 2536, useful to discriminate between acidic phosphosites generated either by CK2 or by PLK2/PLK3.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Salvi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, V.le G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - E Trashi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, V.le G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G Cozza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, V.le G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - A Negro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, V.le G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - P I Hanson
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - L A Pinna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, V.le G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Abstract
Casein kinase 2 (CK2) is a ubiquitous, highly pleiotropic and essential protein kinase whose abnormally high constitutive activity has been implicated in several human diseases. In the last decade, several ATP competitive inhibitors of CK2, characterized by an in vitro activity that ranges from micromolar to nanomolar, have been discovered. However, until now only one drug candidate has been entered in Phase I clinical trial as a potential anticancer drug. Why this constitutively active kinase is so undruggable? Can ATP competitive inhibitors be considered the most promising drug candidates for the near future? In this review, we would like to underline how targeting binding sites outside the conventional ATP-binding could represent a new promising strategy to inhibit CK2 activity and, consequently, bear a great potentiality in discovering new drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cozza
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Padova, Padova 35121, Italy
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Vannella L, Aloe Spiriti MA, Cozza G, Tardella L, Monarca B, Cuteri A, Moscarini M, Delle Fave G, Annibale B. Benefit of concomitant gastrointestinal and gynaecological evaluation in premenopausal women with iron deficiency anaemia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008; 28:422-30. [PMID: 18498447 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03741.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) is common in premenopausal women and menorrhagia is often considered responsible. Aim To evaluate prospectively the occurrence of bleeding and iron malabsorption related gastrointestinal (GI) diseases likely responsible of IDA in premenopausal women regardless of their menstrual flow. METHODS One hundred and eighty-seven premenopausal women [median age 39 (20-56) years] irrespective of their menstrual flow underwent gastroscopy with gastric and duodenal biopsies and faecal occult blood test (FOBT). Patients over 50 years, positive 1st degree family history for colonic cancer and/or positive FOBT underwent colonoscopy too. RESULTS Menorrhagia was present in 67.4% of premenopausal women. A possible GI cause of IDA was found in 129/187 patients; in 65.2% the cause of IDA was possibly related to iron malabsorption diseases. GI bleeding as a cause of IDA was found in seven patients. An exclusive GI cause of IDA was found in 26.7% of premenopausal women, whereas a possible GI cause was observed in 34.2% of menorrhagic premenopausal women. The main risk factor for the presence of likely GI causes was the presence of upper GI symptoms (OR 5.2: 95% CI = 1.6-16.4). CONCLUSIONS Most premenopausal women had a possible upper GI cause of IDA because of diseases related to iron malabsorption. Menorrhagia and a GI cause coexist in one-third of women with iron-deficiency anaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vannella
- Department of Digestive and Liver Disease, Hospital Sant'Andrea, II School of Medicine, University Sapienza of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Sperlongano P, Pisaniello D, Corsale I, Cozza G. [Bile leakage in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Authors' experience]. G Chir 1999; 20:335-7. [PMID: 10444918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
The Authors report their experience of two patients with bile leakage following videocholecystectomy (VLC) among a series of 163 cases. Reviewing the Literature, they analyze possible causes and mechanisms of bile spillage occurring after VCL. They also suggest some guidelines for a safe VLC, stressing the importance of the routinary placement of the sub-hepatic drainage to remove 48 hours to early detect possible bile leakages after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sperlongano
- Istituto di Patologia Speciale Chirurgica e Propedeutica Clinica, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli
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18
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Sbracia S, Cozza G, Grasso JA, Mastrone M, Scarpellini F. Semen parameters and sperm morphology in men in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion, before and during a 3 year follow-up period. Hum Reprod 1996; 11:117-20. [PMID: 8671172 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the role of the 'male factor' in the pathogenesis of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), especially sperm morphology abnormalities, 120 previously selected couples with unexplained RSA were studied for sperm parameters retrospectively and prospectively. The patients were subdivided into three subgroups, depending on their reproductive outcome during the 3 years of follow-up study: (i) 48 RSA couples who achieved a successful pregnancy; (ii) 39 RSA couples who experienced further abortions, and (iii) 33 RSA couples who experienced infertility during the follow-up period. A semen analysis was performed twice at the time of inclusion in this study, and twice again during the 3 year follow-up period. No significant differences in semen parameters were observed between RSA males and fertile controls. Instead, significant differences were observed between the group of RSA couples who experienced infertility during the follow-up and the other two groups (RSA couples who achieved successful pregnancy and RSA couples who experienced miscarriages and no live birth during the follow-up) for sperm concentration (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01 respectively), sperm motility (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01 respectively) and sperm morphology abnormalities (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01 respectively). Sperm morphology abnormalities do not seem to be involved in determining RSA; instead, they are an aetiological factor in determining infertility in patients, along with the other semen parameters, in the RSA couple's subsequent reproductive life. Semen analysis is an important test in the clinical management of RSA couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sbracia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University 'La Sapienza', Rome, Italy
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19
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Foco A, Garbarini A, Serenthà U, Salto C, Daniele C, Galetto PV, Jon G, Cozza G, Colzani G, Natella E. [First impressions regarding the use of expandable esophageal prosthesis]. MINERVA GASTROENTERO 1993; 39:49-55. [PMID: 8364101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The authors report their views on the treatment of unoperable neoplastic esophago-gastric stenoses with Nitinol prostheses. Despite a number of advantages (reduced trauma, greater tolerability) in relation to plastic prostheses, the paper highlights some problems (difficulty of unfastening, incomplete opening) which may be eliminated by improved materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Foco
- Chirurgia d'Urgenza, Università degli Studi di Torino
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20
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Foco A, Garbarini A, Serenthà U, Salto C, Zatteri R, Gandini G, Righi D, Cozza G, Colzani G, Maccario P. [Treatment of postoperative biliary fistulas by endoscopic papillosphincterotomy and nasobiliary drain]. MINERVA GASTROENTERO 1991; 37:219-23. [PMID: 1805973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Personal experience in the non-surgical treatment of postoperative biliary fistulas observed between July 1987 and October 1990 is reported. Leakage were treated with an endoscopic technique (papillosphincterotomy+nasobiliary drain) in 11 of 12 patients in an average time of 2 weeks. The 12 patient, who presented a lesion of an intrahepatic duct, needed 2 months to heal following combined endoscopic-percutaneous manoeuvres. On the basis, then, of the good results obtained, it is recommended that in these cases, non-surgical treatment should be carried out on principle, choosing endoscopy as the initial access route.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Foco
- Istituto di Chirurgia d'Urgenza, Università degli Studi di Torino
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21
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Galli L, de Martino M, Azzari C, Bernardini R, Cozza G, de Marco A, Lucarini D, Sabatini C, Vierucci A. [Preventive effect of thymomodulin in recurrent respiratory infections in children]. Pediatr Med Chir 1990; 12:229-32. [PMID: 2274431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent respiratory infections (RRI) are a common occurrence in early childhood. Several investigations report the primary role of environmental factors (as early social mixing and passive smoking) in inducing RRI. In RRI children immunological defects, transient and not typical, have been often observed, but it is reasonable to suppose that they are essentially secondary to infections. Since immune modifications involve essentially cell-mediated immunity, several therapeutical attempts with thymic hormones have been carried out. In the present study the efficacy of thymomodulin was evaluated in a clinical trial in a group of children with RRI. Forty-six children suffering from RRI were enrolled on the basis of RI number in the previous year. Twenty-three children were treated with thymomodulin, twenty-three were not treated and were studied as control group. A significant reduction in the frequency of RI was noted only in treated children. Interleukin-2 production was assayed in all children before and after the trial, but not significant modification was observed in this immunological parameter. This study confirms the effectiveness of treatment with thymomodulin in RRI children, even though immunological background of clinical improvement remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Galli
- Centro di Allergologia e di Immunologia Clinica, Clinica Pediatrica III, Università di Firenze, Italia
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22
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Novembre E, Veneruso G, Bernardini R, Sabatini C, Cozza G, Bonazza P, Vierucci A. [Bronchial response to a provocation test in children allergic to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus]. Pediatr Med Chir 1988; 10:267-72. [PMID: 3186509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchial provocation tests with allergens are becoming recognized as one of the most important diagnostic parameters for the detection and confirmation of the role of the allergic component directly on the reaction site. Twenty-seven children with positive skin tests and RAST for Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus were challenged with solutions of the same antigen. Twenty-one (77%) had positive responses expressed by different patterns: Six (28.5%) showed isolated early reaction, seven (33.3%) had biphasic responses. Six (28.5%) showed dual response with prolonged (1-2 hours) late reaction. One child had dual late reaction after 35 hours (ultra-late reaction). Six (28.5%) patients had negative reactions. The results suggest that bronchial provocation tests with antigens performed as outlined in this study can also be applied in the diagnosis of pediatric allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Novembre
- Clinica Pediatrica III, Università di Firenze, Italia
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23
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Abstract
Possible associations between allergy to grass pollen and positive skin tests to food allergens were studied in 102 children monosensitized (as to inhalant allergens) to grass pollen, and in 117 children monosensitized (as to inhalant allergens) to Dermatophagoides. Thirty-two foods were tested by an epicutaneous method. Positive skin tests to food allergens were more frequent in children with allergy to grass pollen (59.8%) than in children with allergy to Dermatophagoides (9.4%). A considerably high frequency of positive reactions to tomato (39.2%), peanut (22,5%), green pea (13.7%), and wheat (11.7%) was observed in children with allergy to grass pollen. Positive skin tests to peanut closely correlated with positive RAST results and nasal provocation tests, whereas in children with skin test positivity to tomato a close correlation with nasal provocation tests but a 45% correlation with a positive RAST result were observed. RAST inhibition experiments were carried out, and the results may suggest the presence of cross-reacting IgE to grass pollen, tomato, and peanut antigens. Clinical implications of these findings are discussed in the light of histories of food hypersensitivity, urticaria-angioedema, and atopic dermatitis in children with allergy to grass pollen.
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Affiliation(s)
- M de Martino
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florence, Italy
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24
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Nerozzi D, Aceti F, Melia E, Magnani A, Marino R, Genovesi G, Amalfitano M, Cozza G, Murgiano S, De Giorgis G. [Phosphatidylserine and memory disorders in the aged]. Clin Ter 1987; 120:399-404. [PMID: 3034480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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25
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Girivetto F, Cozza G. [Surgical treatment of traumatic arteriovenous fistulae. Report of cases]. Minerva Cardioangiol 1974; 22:117-26. [PMID: 4820116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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26
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Cozza G. Autologous complement consumption kinetic test. Arzneimittelforschung 1973; 23:977-9. [PMID: 4800458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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27
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Pino G, Rovera R, Cozza G. [Clinical results of the phenylephrine, isoprenaline, and atropine association in the treatment of obstructive respiratory insufficiency]. Minerva Med 1972; 63:308-19. [PMID: 4551951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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28
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Panieri R, Cozza G, Santarelli P. [Current trends in surgical treatment of hepato-diaphragmatic interposition (Chilaiditi's syndrome). Clinical contribution]. Arch Sci Med (Torino) 1969; 126:980-5. [PMID: 5400983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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29
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Giudice PA, Cuneo M, Pierini A, Cozza G. [Considerations on cervico-thoracic ganglionectomy]. Arch Sci Med (Torino) 1968; 125:583-6. [PMID: 5730241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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30
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Bonelli M, Cozza G, Klinger R. [Immunoelectrophoretic studies in necrobiosis lipoidica diabetica]. Minerva Dermatol 1967; 42:401-4. [PMID: 4178808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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31
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Meneghini CL, Rantuccio F, Cozza G. [Pathogenetic and diagnostic aspects of non-viral exanthemas]. Folia Allergol (Roma) 1967; 14:227-65. [PMID: 5596786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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32
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Cozza G, Meneghini CL. [Observations on the changes of eosinophils and basophils in allergic dermatoses and bullous dermatoses]. G Ital Dermatol Minerva Dermatol 1967; 108:211-22. [PMID: 4301676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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33
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Cozza G, Cuneo M. [On a case of hydatid cyst of the thyroid gland]. MINERVA CHIR 1967; 22:52-3. [PMID: 6049726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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34
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Meneghini CL, Vivarelli I, Cozza G. [Apropos of the continuity and recurrence of contact eczema: experimental observations on the limits of interference of microbial agents (pyogenic and candida)]. G Ital Dermatol Minerva Dermatol 1966; 107:899-910. [PMID: 4869130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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35
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Meneghini CL, Cozza G, Ghislanzoni G. RILEVI EZIOPATHOGENETICI A PROPOSITO DI CANDIDOSI ECZEMATIFORMI DEI GENITALI. Int J Dermatol 1966. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4362.1966.tb05211.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Meneghini C, Rantuccio F, Cozza G. Sensibilisation expérimentale du type eczémateux par contact vis-à-vis du DNCB, de la résine phénolique et de la résine époxydique. Dermatology 1966. [DOI: 10.1159/000254442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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37
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Cozza G, Ghislanzoni G. [Findings on changes in the complement activity of serums in dermatologic and syphilitic patients]. Folia Allergol (Roma) 1966; 13:30-4. [PMID: 5929601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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38
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Cozza G, Ghislanzoni G. [Immunoelectrophoretic research relating to the low-complement serums of dermatologic patients]. Folia Allergol (Roma) 1966; 13:35-40. [PMID: 5929602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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39
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Cozza G. [Observations on 12 cases of pityriasis rubra pilaris]. G Ital Dermatol Minerva Dermatol 1965; 106:515-28. [PMID: 5899626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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40
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Levi L, Della Torre B, Cozza G. [A clinical case of chronic granulomatous and erythrodermal dermatomycosis caused by Trichophyton violaceum]. G Ital Dermatol Minerva Dermatol 1965; 106:81-8. [PMID: 4223736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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