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Fang F, Yin YW, Li Q, Lüpke G. Spin-polarized current injection induced magnetic reconstruction at oxide interface. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40048. [PMID: 28051142 PMCID: PMC5209677 DOI: 10.1038/srep40048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrical manipulation of magnetism presents a promising way towards using the spin degree of freedom in very fast, low-power electronic devices. Though there has been tremendous progress in electrical control of magnetic properties using ferromagnetic (FM) nanostructures, an opportunity of manipulating antiferromagnetic (AFM) states should offer another route for creating a broad range of new enabling technologies. Here we selectively probe the interface magnetization of SrTiO3/La0.5Ca0.5MnO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 heterojunctions and discover a new spin-polarized current injection induced interface magnetoelectric (ME) effect. The accumulation of majority spins at the interface causes a sudden, reversible transition of the spin alignment of interfacial Mn ions from AFM to FM exchange-coupled, while the injection of minority electron spins alters the interface magnetization from C-type to A-type AFM state. In contrast, the bulk magnetization remains unchanged. We attribute the current-induced interface ME effect to modulations of the strong double-exchange interaction between conducting electron spins and local magnetic moments. The effect is robust and may serve as a viable route for electronic and spintronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fang
- Department of Applied Science, College of William &Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - Y W Yin
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - G Lüpke
- Department of Applied Science, College of William &Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
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2
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Ma X, Fang F, Li Q, Zhu J, Yang Y, Wu YZ, Zhao HB, Lüpke G. Ultrafast spin exchange-coupling torque via photo-excited charge-transfer processes. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8800. [PMID: 26508587 PMCID: PMC4640140 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical control of spin is of central importance in the research of ultrafast spintronic devices utilizing spin dynamics at short time scales. Recently developed optical approaches such as ultrafast demagnetization, spin-transfer and spin-orbit torques open new pathways to manipulate spin through its interaction with photon, orbit, charge or phonon. However, these processes are limited by either the long thermal recovery time or the low-temperature requirement. Here we experimentally demonstrate ultrafast coherent spin precession via optical charge-transfer processes in the exchange-coupled Fe/CoO system at room temperature. The efficiency of spin precession excitation is significantly higher and the recovery time of the exchange-coupling torque is much shorter than for the demagnetization procedure, which is desirable for fast switching. The exchange coupling is a key issue in spin valves and tunnelling junctions, and hence our findings will help promote the development of exchange-coupled device concepts for ultrafast coherent spin manipulation. Light can provide ultrafast ways of spin manipulation in magnetic materials, but existing methods are limited by long thermal recovery or low temperature. Here, the authors demonstrate ultrafast spin precession via optical charge-transfer processes in exchange-coupled Fe/CoO at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Ma
- Department of Applied Science, College of William and Mary, 251 Jamestown Road, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - F Fang
- Department of Applied Science, College of William and Mary, 251 Jamestown Road, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - Q Li
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - J Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Y Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Y Z Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - H B Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - G Lüpke
- Department of Applied Science, College of William and Mary, 251 Jamestown Road, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
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3
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Fan Y, Smith KJ, Lüpke G, Hanbicki AT, Goswami R, Li CH, Zhao HB, Jonker BT. Exchange bias of the interface spin system at the Fe/MgO interface. Nat Nanotechnol 2013; 8:438-444. [PMID: 23728074 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2013.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The ferromagnet/oxide interface is key to developing emerging multiferroic and spintronic technologies with new functionality. Here we probe the Fe/MgO interface magnetization, and identify a new exchange bias phenomenon manifested only in the interface spin system, and not in the bulk. The interface magnetization exhibits a pronounced exchange bias, and the hysteresis loop is shifted entirely to one side of the zero field axis. However, the bulk magnetization does not, in marked contrast to typical systems where exchange bias is manifested in the net magnetization. This reveals the existence of an antiferromagnetic exchange pinning layer at the interface, identified here as FeO patches that exist even for a nominally 'clean' interface. These results demonstrate that atomic moments at the interface are non-collinear with the bulk magnetization, and therefore may affect the net anisotropy or serve as spin scattering sites. We control the exchange bias magnitude by varying the interface oxygen concentration and Fe-O bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fan
- Department of Applied Science, College of William and Mary, 251 Jamestown Road, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
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He P, Ma X, Zhang JW, Zhao HB, Lüpke G, Shi Z, Zhou SM. Quadratic scaling of intrinsic Gilbert damping with spin-orbital coupling in L10 FePdPt films: experiments and Ab initio calculations. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:077203. [PMID: 25166400 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.077203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The dependence of the intrinsic Gilbert damping parameter α(0) on the spin-orbital coupling strength ξ is investigated in L1(0) ordered FePd(1-x) Pt(x) films by time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements and spin-dependent ab initio calculations. Continuous tuning of α(0) over more than one order of magnitude is realized by changing the Pt/Pd concentration ratio showing that α(0) is proportional to ξ(2) as changes of other leading parameters are found to be negligible. The perpendicular magnetic anisotropy is shown to have a similar variation trend with x. The present results may facilitate the design and fabrication of new magnetic alloys with large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and tailored damping properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- P He
- Surface Physics State Laboratory and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - X Ma
- Department of Applied Science, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - J W Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - H B Zhao
- Department of Applied Science, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA and Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education) and Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - G Lüpke
- Department of Applied Science, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - Z Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - S M Zhou
- Surface Physics State Laboratory and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology and School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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6
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Zhao HB, Talbayev D, Ma X, Ren YH, Venimadhav A, Li Q, Lüpke G. Coherent spin precession via photoinduced antiferromagnetic interactions in La0.67Ca0.33MnO3. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:207205. [PMID: 22181766 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.207205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Pronounced spin precessions are observed in a geometry with negligible canting of the magnetization in ferromagnetic La(0.67)Ca(0.33)MnO(3) thin films using the time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect. The precession amplitude monotonically decreases with increasing field, indicating that the coherent spin rotation may be triggered by a transient exchange field and not by demagnetization and/or anisotropy field modulation. We attribute the transient exchange field to emergent antiferromagnetic interactions due to charge transfer and modification of the kinetic energy of e(g) electrons under optical excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Zhao
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Spahr EJ, Wen L, Stavola M, Boatner LA, Feldman LC, Tolk NH, Lüpke G. Giant enhancement of hydrogen transport in rutile TiO2 at low temperatures. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:205901. [PMID: 20867041 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.205901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Measurements of the O-H and O-D vibrational lifetimes show that the room-temperature hydrogen diffusion rate in rutile TiO2 can be enhanced by 9 orders of magnitude when stimulated by resonant infrared light. We find that the local oscillatory motion of the proton quickly couples to a wag-mode-assisted classical transfer process along the c channel with a jump rate of greater than 1 THz and a barrier height of 0.2 eV. This increase in proton transport rate at moderate temperatures provides new insight into hydrogen transport in solids, which could play a role in applications ranging from fuel cells to hydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Spahr
- Department of Applied Science, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
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8
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Spahr EJ, Wen L, Stavola M, Boatner LA, Feldman LC, Tolk NH, Lüpke G. Proton tunneling: a decay channel of the O-H stretch mode in KTaO3. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:075506. [PMID: 19257689 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.075506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The vibrational lifetimes of the O-H and O-D stretch modes in the perovskite oxide KTaO3 are measured by pump-probe infrared spectroscopy. Both stretch modes are exceptionally long lived and exhibit a large "reverse" isotope effect, due to a phonon-assisted proton-tunneling process, which involves the O-Ta-O bending motion. The excited-state tunneling rate is found to be 7 orders of magnitude larger than from the ground state in the proton conducting oxide, BaCeO3 [Phys. Rev. B 60, R3713 (1999)].
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Spahr
- Department of Applied Science, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
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9
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Zhao HB, Smith KJ, Fan Y, Lüpke G, Bhattacharya A, Bader SD, Warusawithana M, Zhai X, Eckstein JN. Viscous spin exchange torque on precessional magnetization in (LaMnO3)2n/(SrMnO3)n superlattices. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:117208. [PMID: 18517824 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.117208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2007] [Revised: 10/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced magnetization dynamics is investigated in chemically ordered (LaMnO3)2n/(SrMnO3)n superlattices using the time-resolved magneto-optic Kerr effect. A monotonic frequency-field dependence is observed for the n=1 superlattice, indicating a single spin population consistent with a homogeneous hole distribution. In contrast, for n> or =2 superlattices, a large precession frequency is observed at low fields indicating the presence of an exchange torque in the dynamic regime. We attribute the emergence of exchange torque to the coupling between two spin populations-viscous and fast spins.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Zhao
- Department of Applied Science, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA
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10
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Sun B, Shi GA, Nageswara Rao SVS, Stavola M, Tolk NH, Dixit SK, Feldman LC, Lüpke G. Vibrational lifetimes and frequency-gap law of hydrogen bending modes in semiconductors. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:035501. [PMID: 16486722 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.035501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Vibrational lifetimes of hydrogen and deuterium related bending modes in semiconductors are measured by transient bleaching spectroscopy and high-resolution infrared absorption spectroscopy. We find that the vibrational lifetimes follow a universal frequency-gap law; i.e., the decay time increases exponentially with increasing decay order, with values ranging from 1 ps for a one-phonon process to 265 ps for a four-phonon process. The temperature dependence of the lifetime shows that the bending mode decays by lowest-order multiphonon process. Our results provide new insights into vibrational decay and the giant isotope effect of hydrogen in semiconductor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sun
- Department of Applied Science, the College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
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11
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Zhao HB, Talbayev D, Lüpke G, Hanbicki AT, Li CH, van't Erve MJ, Kioseoglou G, Jonker BT. Interface magnetization reversal and anisotropy in Fe/AlGaAs(001). Phys Rev Lett 2005; 95:137202. [PMID: 16197169 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.137202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2004] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The reversal process of the Fe interface layer magnetization in Fe/AlGaAs heterostructures is measured directly using magnetization-induced second-harmonic generation, and is compared with the reversal of the bulk magnetization as obtained from magneto-optic Kerr effect. The switching characteristics are distinctly different due to interface-derived anisotropy--single step switching occurs at the interface layer, while two-jump switching occurs in the bulk Fe for the magnetic field orientations employed. The angle between the interface and bulk magnetization may be as large as 40-85 degrees. Such interface switching will dominate the behavior of nanoscale structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Zhao
- Department of Applied Science, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, 23185, USA
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12
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Sun B, Yang Q, Newman RC, Pajot B, Tolk NH, Feldman LC, Lüpke G. Vibrational lifetimes and isotope effects of interstitial oxygen in silicon and germanium. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:185503. [PMID: 15169498 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.185503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Decay dynamics of local vibrational modes provides unique information about energy relaxation processes to solid-state phonon bath. In this Letter the lifetimes of the asymmetric stretch mode of interstitial 16O and 17O isotopes in Si are measured at 10 K directly by time-resolved, transient bleaching spectroscopy to be 11.5 and 4.5 ps, respectively. A calculation of the three-phonon density of states shows that the 17O mode lies in the highest phonon density resulting in the shortest lifetime. The lifetime of the 16O mode in Ge is measured to be 125 ps, i.e., approximately 10 times longer than in Si. The interaction between the local modes and the lattice vibrations is discussed according to the activity of phonon combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sun
- Department of Applied Science, the College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA
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13
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Abstract
The temperature and magnetic field dependence of ultrafast photoinduced spin and quasiparticle relaxation dynamics is reported in La(0.67)Ca(0.33)MnO(3) and LaMnO(3) single crystals and thin films. Both manganites reveal an unusually slow ( approximately 10 micros) carrier relaxation process attributed to the spin-lattice relaxation in localized states. The quasiparticle dynamics is governed by the temperature- and magnetic field-dependent pseudogap in La(0.67)Ca(0.33)MnO(3), and by the temperature-independent Jahn-Teller gap in LaMnO(3). The loss of spectral weight near the Fermi level in La(0.67)Ca(0.33)MnO(3) strongy affects the quasiparticle relaxation dynamics as temperature increases from below T(C). Our results show that the coupled dynamics of charge, spin and lattice is strongly correlated with the distinct gap structures in these manganites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Ren
- Applied Science, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
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Lüpke G, Zhang X, Sun B, Fraser A, Tolk NH, Feldman LC. Structure-dependent vibrational lifetimes of hydrogen in silicon. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 88:135501. [PMID: 11955107 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.135501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The lifetimes of the Si-H vibrational stretch modes of the H(*)(2) ( 2062 cm(-1)) and HV.VH((110)) ( 2072.5 cm(-1)) defects in crystalline Si are measured directly by transient bleaching spectroscopy from 10 K to room temperature. The interstitial-type defect H(*)(2) has a lifetime of 4.2 ps at 10 K, whereas the lifetime of the vacancy-type complex HV.VH((110)) is 2 orders of magnitude longer, 295 ps. The temperature dependence of the lifetime of H(*)(2) is governed by TA phonons, while HV.VH((110)) is governed by LA phonons. This behavior is attributed to the distinctly different local structure of these defects and the accompanying local vibrational modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lüpke
- Department of Applied Science, The College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
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Budde M, Lüpke G, Chen E, Zhang X, Tolk NH, Feldman LC, Tarhan E, Ramdas AK, Stavola M. Lifetimes of hydrogen and deuterium related vibrational modes in silicon. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 87:145501. [PMID: 11580660 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.145501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Lifetimes of hydrogen and deuterium related stretch modes in Si are measured by high-resolution infrared absorption spectroscopy and transient bleaching spectroscopy. The lifetimes are found to be extremely dependent on the defect structure, ranging from 2 to 295 ps. Against conventional wisdom, we find that lifetimes of Si-D modes typically are longer than for the corresponding Si-H modes. The potential implications of the results on the physics of electronic device degradation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Budde
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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16
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Trappe C, Schütze M, Lüpke G, Kurz H. Nonresonant multiphoton double ionization of Ga and As probed by a picosecond double-pulse technique. Phys Rev A 1996; 53:4320-4325. [PMID: 9913404 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.53.4320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Lüpke G, Meyer C, Ohlhoff C, Kurz H, Lehmann S, Marowsky G. Optical second-harmonic generation as a probe of electric-field-induced perturbation of centrosymmetric media. Opt Lett 1995; 20:1997-1999. [PMID: 19862229 DOI: 10.1364/ol.20.001997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Polarization-selective optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) is applied to monitor nonuniform polarization distributions in centrosymmetric media modulated by an external dc electric field. Two different systems are investigated: first, optical SHG from a Au-Si(100) Schottky Barrier is shown to be a direct probe of the electric field polarity near such a metal-semiconductor interface. Second, a poled polymer exhibits a strong anisotropic SHG signal under normal incidence, indicating a nonuniform field enhancement at the edges of the poling electrode. The results demonstrate the sensitivity of SHG to small symmetry perturbations. Consequences for device applications are discussed.
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Meyer C, Lüpke G, Emmerichs U, Wolter F, Kurz H, Bjorkman CH, Lucovsky G. Electronic transitions at Si(111)/SiO2 and Si(111)/Si3N4 interfaces studied by optical second-harmonic spectroscopy. Phys Rev Lett 1995; 74:3001-3004. [PMID: 10058078 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.74.3001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Bottomley DJ, Lüpke G, Meyer C, Makita Y. Exact separation of surface and bulk contributions to anisotropic second-harmonic generation from cubic centrosymmetric media. Opt Lett 1995; 20:453-455. [PMID: 19859218 DOI: 10.1364/ol.20.000453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We solve this long-standing problem theoretically by recognizing that the ranks of the tensors that describe the surface and bulk second-order nonlinear susceptibilities differ in this class of media. We show that this implies that the phenomenologies of the anisotropic optical second-harmonic (SH) responses of the two sources differ for all possible crystal facial orientations except (111). To demonstrate the result, we apply the theory to separate the surface and bulk contributions to SH generation from an oxidized vicinal Si(001) wafer for p-polarized 775-nm fundamental and s-polarized SH radiation. It is shown that knowledge of the phase of the SH field is necessary to achieve a unique separation.
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Lüpke G, Meyer C, Emmerichs U, Wolter F, Kurz H. Influence of Si-O bonding arrangements at kinks on second-harmonic generation from vicinal Si(111) surfaces. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1994; 50:17292-17297. [PMID: 9976131 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.17292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Buhleier R, Lüpke G, Marowsky G, Gogolak Z, Kuhl J. Anisotropic interference of degenerate four-wave mixing in crystalline silicon. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1994; 50:2425-2431. [PMID: 9976462 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.2425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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22
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Lüpke G, Bottomley DJ. Resonant second-harmonic generation on Cu(111) by a surface-state to image-potential-state transition. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1994; 49:17303-17306. [PMID: 10010911 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.17303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Lüpke G, Bottomley DJ. SiO2/Si interfacial structure on vicinal Si(100) studied with second-harmonic generation. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1993; 47:10389-10394. [PMID: 10005148 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.10389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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24
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Janz S, Lüpke G. Phase diagram of vicinal Cu(111) surfaces as determined by second-harmonic generation. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1993; 47:7494-7500. [PMID: 10004743 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.47.7494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Bloch J, Lüpke G, Janz S. Detection of thermally generated defects on a Cu(111) surface. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1992; 45:12011-12014. [PMID: 10001219 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.45.12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Lüpke G, Marowsky G, Steinhoff R, Friedrich A, Pettinger B, Kolb DM. Symmetry superposition studied by surface second-harmonic generation. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1990; 41:6913-6919. [PMID: 9992947 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.6913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Marowsky G, Lüpke G, Steinhoff R, Chi LF, Möbius D. Anisotropic second-order nonlinearities of organic monolayers. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1990; 41:4480-4483. [PMID: 9994274 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.4480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Friedrich A, Pettinger B, Kolb D, Lüpke G, Steinhoff R, Marowsky G. An in situ study of reconstructed gold electrode surfaces by second harmonic generation. Chem Phys Lett 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(89)80022-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Heise B, Kilian HG, Lüpke G, Schulz P, Woebcken W, Zöhren J. Kristallit-Orientierungen in Spritzgußteilen aus Polyäthylen. Colloid Polym Sci 1972. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01501278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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