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Wang LH, Su J, Shen YP, He JJ, Lugaro M, Szányi B, Karakas AI, Zhang LY, Li XY, Guo B, Lian G, Li ZH, Wang YB, Chen LH, Cui BQ, Tang XD, Gao BS, Wu Q, Sun LT, Wang S, Sheng YD, Chen YJ, Zhang H, Li ZM, Song LY, Jiang XZ, Nan W, Nan WK, Zhang L, Cao FQ, Jiao TY, Ru LH, Cheng JP, Wiescher M, Liu WP. Measurement of the ^{18}O(α, γ)^{22}Ne Reaction Rate at JUNA and Its Impact on Probing the Origin of SiC Grains. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:092701. [PMID: 36930937 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.092701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The ^{18}O(α,γ)^{22}Ne reaction is critical for AGB star nucleosynthesis due to its connection to the abundances of several key isotopes, such as ^{21}Ne and ^{22}Ne. However, the ambiguous resonance energy and spin-parity of the dominant 470 keV resonance leads to substantial uncertainty in the ^{18}O(α,γ)^{22}Ne reaction rate for the temperature of interest. We have measured the resonance energies and strengths of the low-energy resonances in ^{18}O(α,γ)^{22}Ne at the Jinping Underground Nuclear Astrophysics experimental facility (JUNA) with improved precision. The key 470 keV resonance energy has been measured to be E_{α}=474.0±1.1 keV, with such high precision achieved for the first time. The spin-parity of this resonance state is determined to be 1^{-}, removing discrepancies in the resonance strengths in earlier studies. The results significantly improve the precision of the ^{18}O(α,γ)^{22}Ne reaction rates by up to about 10 times compared with the previous data at typical AGB temperatures of 0.1-0.3 GK. We demonstrate that such improvement leads to precise ^{21}Ne abundance predictions, with an impact on probing the origin of meteoritic stardust SiC grains from AGB stars.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - J Su
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Y P Shen
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - J J He
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - M Lugaro
- Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences (CSFK), Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
- CSFK, MTA Centre of Excellence, Budapest, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, H-1121, Hungary
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Physics, Budapest 1117, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Hungary
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - B Szányi
- Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences (CSFK), Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, 1121 Budapest, Hungary
- CSFK, MTA Centre of Excellence, Budapest, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, H-1121, Hungary
- Graduate School of Physics, University of Szeged, Dom tér 9, Szeged, 6720 Hungary
| | - A I Karakas
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D), Australia
| | - L Y Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - X Y Li
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - B Guo
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - G Lian
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - Z H Li
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - Y B Wang
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - L H Chen
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - B Q Cui
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - X D Tang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - B S Gao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Q Wu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - L T Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - S Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment, Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Y D Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Y J Chen
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - H Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Z M Li
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - L Y Song
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - X Z Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - W Nan
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - W K Nan
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - L Zhang
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - F Q Cao
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - T Y Jiao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - L H Ru
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J P Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - M Wiescher
- Department of Physics and The Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, USA
- Wolfson Fellow of Royal Society, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - W P Liu
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
- College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Gao B, Jiao TY, Li YT, Chen H, Lin WP, An Z, Ru LH, Zhang ZC, Tang XD, Wang XY, Zhang NT, Fang X, Xie DH, Fan YH, Ma L, Zhang X, Bai F, Wang P, Fan YX, Liu G, Huang HX, Wu Q, Zhu YB, Chai JL, Li JQ, Sun LT, Wang S, Cai JW, Li YZ, Su J, Zhang H, Li ZH, Li YJ, Li ET, Chen C, Shen YP, Lian G, Guo B, Li XY, Zhang LY, He JJ, Sheng YD, Chen YJ, Wang LH, Zhang L, Cao FQ, Nan W, Nan WK, Li GX, Song N, Cui BQ, Chen LH, Ma RG, Zhang ZC, Yan SQ, Liao JH, Wang YB, Zeng S, Nan D, Fan QW, Qi NC, Sun WL, Guo XY, Zhang P, Chen YH, Zhou Y, Zhou JF, He JR, Shang CS, Li MC, Kubono S, Liu WP, deBoer RJ, Wiescher M, Pignatari M. Deep Underground Laboratory Measurement of ^{13}C(α,n)^{16}O in the Gamow Windows of the s and i Processes. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:132701. [PMID: 36206440 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.132701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The ^{13}C(α,n)^{16}O reaction is the main neutron source for the slow-neutron-capture process in asymptotic giant branch stars and for the intermediate process. Direct measurements at astrophysical energies in above-ground laboratories are hindered by the extremely small cross sections and vast cosmic-ray-induced background. We performed the first consistent direct measurement in the range of E_{c.m.}=0.24 to 1.9 MeV using the accelerators at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory and Sichuan University. Our measurement covers almost the entire intermediate process Gamow window in which the large uncertainty of the previous experiments has been reduced from 60% down to 15%, eliminates the large systematic uncertainty in the extrapolation arising from the inconsistency of existing datasets, and provides a more reliable reaction rate for the studies of the slow-neutron-capture and intermediate processes along with the first direct determination of the alpha strength for the near-threshold state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - R J deBoer
- Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Wiescher
- Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Wolfson Fellow of Royal Society, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - M Pignatari
- Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences (CSFK), Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary
- CSFK, MTA Centre of Excellence, Budapest, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, Budapest H-1121, Hungary
- E. A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
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Zhang L, Su J, He J, Wiescher M, deBoer R, Kahl D, Chen Y, Li X, Wang J, Zhang L, Cao F, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Jiao T, Sheng Y, Wang L, Song L, Jiang X, Li Z, Li E, Wang S, Lian G, Li Z, Tang X, Zhao H, Sun L, Wu Q, Li J, Cui B, Chen L, Ma R, Guo B, Xu S, Li J, Qi N, Sun W, Guo X, Zhang P, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Zhou J, He J, Shang C, Li M, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Hu Z, Xu H, Cheng J, Liu W. Direct measurement of the 19F( p, αγ) 16O reaction in JUNA. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202226008004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The 19F(p, αγ)16O reaction is of crucial importance for Galactic 19F abundances and CNO cycle loss in first generation Population III stars. Due to its extremely small cross sections, the 19F(p, αγ)16O reaction has not been measured in the low energy part of the Gamow window(70-200 keV). As a day-one campaign, the experiment was performed under the extremely low cosmicray-induced background environment of the China JinPing Underground Laboratory(CJPL), one of the deepest underground laboratories in the world. The γ-ray yields were measured over Ec.m. =72.4–344 keV, covering the full Gamow window for the first time. The direct experimental data will help people to expound the fluorine over-abundances, energy generation, as well as heavy-element nuclosynthesis scenario in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, with the astrophysical model on the firm ground.
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Zhang LY, Su J, He JJ, Wiescher M, deBoer RJ, Kahl D, Chen YJ, Li XY, Wang JG, Zhang L, Cao FQ, Zhang H, Zhang ZC, Jiao TY, Sheng YD, Wang LH, Song LY, Jiang XZ, Li ZM, Li ET, Wang S, Lian G, Li ZH, Tang XD, Zhao HW, Sun LT, Wu Q, Li JQ, Cui BQ, Chen LH, Ma RG, Guo B, Xu SW, Li JY, Qi NC, Sun WL, Guo XY, Zhang P, Chen YH, Zhou Y, Zhou JF, He JR, Shang CS, Li MC, Zhou XH, Zhang YH, Zhang FS, Hu ZG, Xu HS, Chen JP, Liu WP. Direct Measurement of the Astrophysical ^{19}F(p,αγ)^{16}O Reaction in the Deepest Operational Underground Laboratory. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:152702. [PMID: 34678013 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.152702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine is one of the most interesting elements in nuclear astrophysics, where the ^{19}F(p,α)^{16}O reaction is of crucial importance for Galactic ^{19}F abundances and CNO cycle loss in first generation Population III stars. As a day-one campaign at the Jinping Underground Nuclear Astrophysics experimental facility, we report direct measurements of the essential ^{19}F(p,αγ)^{16}O reaction channel. The γ-ray yields were measured over E_{c.m.}=72.4-344 keV, covering the Gamow window; our energy of 72.4 keV is unprecedentedly low, reported here for the first time. The experiment was performed under the extremely low cosmic-ray-induced background environment of the China JinPing Underground Laboratory, one of the deepest underground laboratories in the world. The present low-energy S factors deviate significantly from previous theoretical predictions, and the uncertainties are significantly reduced. The thermonuclear ^{19}F(p,αγ)^{16}O reaction rate has been determined directly at the relevant astrophysical energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - J Su
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - J J He
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - M Wiescher
- Department of Physics and The Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - R J deBoer
- Department of Physics and The Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - D Kahl
- Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Research and Development in Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Bucharest-Măgurele 077125, Romania
| | - Y J Chen
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - X Y Li
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - J G Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - L Zhang
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - F Q Cao
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - H Zhang
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Z C Zhang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - T Y Jiao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y D Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - L H Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - L Y Song
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - X Z Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Z M Li
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - E T Li
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - S Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment, Institute of Space Sciences, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - G Lian
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - Z H Li
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - X D Tang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - H W Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - L T Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Q Wu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J Q Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - B Q Cui
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - L H Chen
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - R G Ma
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - B Guo
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
| | - S W Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J Y Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - N C Qi
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - W L Sun
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - X Y Guo
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - P Zhang
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Y H Chen
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Y Zhou
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - J F Zhou
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - J R He
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - C S Shang
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - M C Li
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - X H Zhou
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y H Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - F S Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Z G Hu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - H S Xu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J P Chen
- Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education, College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - W P Liu
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
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Shen YP, Guo B, deBoer RJ, Li ZH, Li YJ, Tang XD, Pang DY, Adhikari S, Basu C, Su J, Yan SQ, Fan QW, Liu JC, Chen C, Han ZY, Li XY, Lian G, Ma TL, Nan W, Nan WK, Wang YB, Zeng S, Zhang H, Liu WP. Constraining the External Capture to the ^{16}O Ground State and the E2 S Factor of the ^{12}C(α,γ)^{16}O Reaction. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:162701. [PMID: 32383943 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.162701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ^{12}C(α,γ)^{16}O reaction is one of the most crucial reactions in nuclear astrophysics. The E2 external capture to the ^{16}O ground state (GS) has not been emphasized in previous analyses but may make a significant contribution to the ^{12}C(α,γ)^{16}O cross section depending on the value of the GS asymptotic normalization coefficient (ANC). In the present work, we determine this ANC to be 337±45 fm^{-1/2} through the ^{12}C(^{11}B,^{7}Li)^{16}O reaction using a high-precision magnetic spectrograph. This sheds light on the existing large discrepancy of more than 2 orders of magnitude between the previously reported ANC values. Based on the new ANC, we experimentally constrain the GS external capture and show that through interference with the high energy tail of the 2^{+} subthreshold state, a substantial enhancement in the GS S_{E2}(300) factor can be obtained (70±7 keV b) compared to that of a recent review (45 keV b), resulting in an increase of the total S factor from 140 to 162 keV b, which is now in good agreement with the value obtained by reproducing supernova nucleosynthesis calculations with the solar-system abundances. This work emphasizes that the external capture contribution for the ground state transition cannot be neglected in future analyses of the ^{12}C(α,γ)^{16}O reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Shen
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - B Guo
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - R J deBoer
- The Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Z H Li
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - Y J Li
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - X D Tang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - D Y Pang
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - S Adhikari
- Physics Department, Techno India University, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - C Basu
- Nuclear Physics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata-700064, India
| | - J Su
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - S Q Yan
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - Q W Fan
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - J C Liu
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - C Chen
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - Z Y Han
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - X Y Li
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - G Lian
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - T L Ma
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - W Nan
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - W K Nan
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - Y B Wang
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - S Zeng
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - H Zhang
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
| | - W P Liu
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, P. O. Box 275(10), Beijing 102413, China
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Xiao G, Xie L, Lian G. P1631critical role of CREB pathway in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G Xiao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, Fuzhou, China People's Republic of
| | - L Xie
- First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, Fuzhou, China People's Republic of
| | - G Lian
- First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, Fuzhou, China People's Republic of
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Li L, Yang S, Chen T, Han L, Lian G. Investigation of pH effect on cationic solute binding to keratin and partition to hair. Int J Cosmet Sci 2017; 40:93-102. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Li
- College of Engineering; China Agricultural University; Beijing 100083 China
| | - S. Yang
- College of Engineering; China Agricultural University; Beijing 100083 China
| | - T. Chen
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering; University of Surrey; Guildford GU27XH UK
| | - L. Han
- College of Engineering; China Agricultural University; Beijing 100083 China
| | - G. Lian
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering; University of Surrey; Guildford GU27XH UK
- Unilever R&D Colworth; Colworth Park Sharnbrook Bedfordshire MK441LQ UK
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Wang Y, Jin S, Jing L, Han Z, Bai X, Guo B, Li Y, Li Z, Lian G, Su J, Sun L, Yan S, Zeng S, Liu W, Yamaguchi H, Kubono S, Hu J, Kahl D, He J, Wang J, Tang X, Xu S, Ma P, Zhang N, Bai Z, Huang M, Jia B, Jin S, Ma J, Ma S, Ma W, Yang Y, Zhang L, Jung H, Moon J, Lee C, Teranishi T, Wang H, Ishiyama H, Iwasa N, Komatsubara T, Brown B. Two measurements of the 22Na+p resonant scattering via thick-target inverse-kinematics method. EPJ Web of Conferences 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201610904010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Guo B, Du X, Li Z, Li Y, Pang D, Su J, Yan S, Fan Q, Gan L, Han Z, Li E, Li X, Lian G, Liu J, Pei C, Qiao L, Shen Y, Su Y, Wang Y, Zeng S, Zhou Y, Liu W. Astrophysical SE2factor of the 12C(α, γ) 16O reaction through the 12C( 11B, 7Li) 16O transfer reaction. EPJ Web of Conferences 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201610904003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lin SY, Li TY, Liu Q, Zhang C, Li X, Chen Y, Zhang SM, Lian G, Liu Q, Ruan K, Wang Z, Zhang CS, Chien KY, Wu J, Li Q, Han J, Lin SC. GSK3-TIP60-ULK1 Signaling Pathway Links Growth Factor Deprivation to Autophagy. Science 2012; 336:477-81. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1217032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Lian G, Naik VM, Li J. Preface to the Complex Materials Special Issue. Ind Eng Chem Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ie801055n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Lian
- Unilever Research Colworth, Bedford MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom
| | - V. M. Naik
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - J. Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity has become a health problem in urban areas in China. Intervention to reduce childhood obesity should be of high priority. School-based intervention programmes are needed to deal with the growing prevalence of childhood obesity in China. METHODS Five primary schools were selected randomly for this study in the Beijing urban area in China; two were allocated to the intervention group and three to the control group. A total of 2425 children (1029 children in intervention schools and 1396 children in control schools) took part in the study for 3 years. In the intervention group, children and their parents were involved in a programme of nutrition education and physical activity. Control school students followed their usual health and physical education curriculum with no extra intervention. RESULTS After the 3-year intervention, the prevalence of overweight and obesity were significantly lower in the intervention schools than in the control schools (overweight: 9.8% vs. 14.4%, P < 0.01; obesity: 7.9% vs. 13.3%, P < 0.01). The prevalence of overweight and obesity decreased by 26.3% and 32.5% in intervention schools respectively after intervention. The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased in control schools. There was also significant difference in body mass index between intervention and control schools (18.2 +/- 2.6 vs. 20.3 +/- 3.4, P < 0.01) after intervention. More non-obese children became obese in the control schools (7.0%) than in the intervention schools (2.4%) at end line (P < 0.01). Among the children who were obese at baseline, 49.2% remained obese at end line in intervention schools while 61.9% remained obese in control schools (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that an intervention programme could be feasible in schools in Beijing, China. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was reduced in schoolchildren in Beijing through an intervention focused on nutrition education and physical activity. Overweight and obesity children as well as normal weight children and their parents should be involved in such an intervention programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jiang
- National Center for Women's and Children's Health, China CDC, Beijing 100013, China.
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Abstract
Somatostatin, a tetradecapeptide originally isolated from the hypothalamus, can exert an inhibitory effect on the secretion of growth hormone by the anterior pituitary gland. In addition to endocrine organs, somatostatin is also present in the digestive tract and immune organs. In lymphoid tissues, somatostatin appears to play a role in the modulation of the immune response. Cysteamine (CS) is a sulfhydryl reducing agent that is known as a depletory agent of somatostatin. To evaluate its effects on chicken mucosal immune responses, CS was administrated orally to 1-wk-old broilers (40 mg/kg) that were immunized orally with Newcastle disease attenuated vaccine (NDV). The number of IgA-positive cells and intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (iIEL) in duodenum and jejunum were examined at 3-, 5-, and 7-wk posttreatment and immunization. The number of somatostatin-positive cells and relative amounts of somatostatin mRNA were also examined in the duodenum. The number of somatostatin-positive cells in the duodenum was reduced (P < 0.05) after CS treatment. In broilers receiving CS and NDV treatment (CS+NDV) the level of IgA-positive cells and iIEL in the duodenum and jejunum was increased (P < 0.05) at 3 and 5 wk posttreatment. The expression of somatostatin mRNA increased (P < 0.05) compared with that of the control group at 5 wk after immunization in broilers receiving CS+NDV or NDV alone. The results suggest that CS can induce proliferation and differentiation of IgA-positive cells and iIEL in the intestinal mucosa of chickens by reducing the number of somatostatin-positive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Lian G, Ding L, Chen M, Liu Z, Zhao D, Ni J. Preparation and Properties of a Selenium-containing Catalytic Antibody as Type I Deiodinase Mimic. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:28037-41. [PMID: 11350963 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m101942200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Conversion of thyroxine (T4) to 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine is an essential first step in controlling thyroid hormone action. Type I deiodinase (DI) can catalyze the conversion to produce the bulk of serum 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine. Acting as a mimic of DI, a selenium-containing catalytic antibody (Se-4C5) prepared by converting the serine residues of monoclonal antibody 4C5 raised against T4 into selenocysteines, can catalyze the deiodination of T4 with dithiothreitol (DTT) as cosubstrate. The mimic enzyme Se-4C5 exhibited a much greater deiodinase activity than model compound ebselen and another selenium-containing antibody Se-Hp4 against GSH. The coupling of selenocysteine with the combining pocket of antibody 4C5 endowed Se-4C5 with enzymatic activity. To probe the catalytic mechanism of the catalytic antibody, detailed kinetic studies were carried out in this paper. Investigations into the deiodinative reaction revealed the relationship between the initial velocity and substrate concentration. The characteristic parallel Dalziel plots demonstrated that Se-4C5-catalyzed reaction mechanism was ping-pong one, involving at least one covalent enzyme intermediate. The kinetic properties of the catalytic antibody were similar to those of DI, with Km values for T4 and DTT of approximately 0.8 microm and 1.8 mm, respectively, and a Vm value of 270 pmol per mg of protein per min. The activity could be sensitively inhibited by 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) with a K(i) value of approximately 120 microm at 2.0 microm T4 concentration. The PTU inhibition was progressively alleviated with the increasing concentration of added DTT, revealing that PTU was a competitive inhibitor for DTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lian
- Laboratory of Rare Earth Chemistry and Physics, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Acting as a mimic of type I deiodinase (DI), a selenium-containing catalytic antibody (Se-4C5) prepared by converting the serine residues of monoclonal antibody 4C5 raised against thyroxine (T4) into selenocysteines, can catalyze the deiodination of T(4) to 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T(3)) with dithiothreitol (DTT) as cosubstrate. Investigations into the deiodinative reaction by Se-4C5 revealed the relationship between the initial velocity and substrate concentration was subjected to Michaelis-Menten equation and the reaction mechanism was ping-pong one. The kinetic properties of the catalytic antibody were a little similar to those of DI, with Km values for T(4) and DTT of approximately 0.8 microM and 1.8 mM, respectively, and V(m) value of 270 pmol per mg protein per min. The activity could be sensitively inhibited by PTU with a Ki value of approximately 120 microM at 2.0 microM of T(4) concentration, revealing that PTU was a competitive inhibitor for DTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lian
- Laboratory of Rare Earth Chemistry and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
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Enders GC, Kahsai TZ, Lian G, Funabiki K, Killen PD, Hudson BG. Developmental changes in seminiferous tubule extracellular matrix components of the mouse testis: alpha 3(IV) collagen chain expressed at the initiation of spermatogenesis. Biol Reprod 1995; 53:1489-99. [PMID: 8562707 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod53.6.1489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The temporal expression of type IV collagen, laminin, and entactin in the basal laminae of the seminiferous tubule during development of the mouse testis was determined. Northern blot analysis was used to examine changes in testicular mRNA for alpha 1-alpha 5 type IV collagen (IV) chains in mice ranging in age from newborn to adult (60 days). Levels for mRNA alpha 1(IV) and alpha 2(IV) chains were highest in newborns through Day 5 and remained elevated through Day 10, but then sharply declined to adult values by Day 30. In sharp contrast, alpha 3(IV) and alpha 4(IV) chain levels were low in newborns, peaked at Day 10, and then declined to adult values by Day 30. 5(IV) mRNA was elevated in newborns and at Days 5 and 10 before dropping to adult levels by Day 30. Changes in the deposition of alpha 1, alpha 2, and alpha 3(IV) collagen chains, laminin, and entactin into the inner and outer basal laminae of the seminiferous tubule were determined from the beginning of tubule formation (embryonic Day 12.5) through adulthood by immunofluorescence microscopy using polyclonal antibodies for these constituents. The alpha 1 and alpha 2(IV) chains, laminin, and entactin were deposited into the inner basal lamina at embyronic Day 12.5 and into the newly formed outer basal lamina at Day 5 after birth. The alpha 3(IV) chains were deposited into both the inner and outer basal laminae at Day 5. Thus, testicular alpha 1-alpha 3(IV) mRNA levels coincide with the incorporation of detectable collagen chains into the seminiferous basal laminae, suggesting transcriptional control of these alpha (IV) chains. Expression of of the alpha 3(IV) chain coincides with the initiation of spermatogenesis, suggesting a functional role of this chain in spermatogonial proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Enders
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City 66103, USA.
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Liu S, Lian G, Liu G, Wang M, Li G, Xiong G, Yan S. Normal-state 1/f noise in YBa2Cu3O7- delta /PrBa2Cu3O7- delta superlattices with a two-unit-cell-thick YBa2Cu3O7- delta layer in one period. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1995; 51:6751-6753. [PMID: 9977219 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.6751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Liu G, Xiong G, Li G, Lian G, Wu K, Liu S, Li J, Yan S. Normal-state transport properties of YBa2Cu3O7- delta /PrBa2Cu3O7- delta superlattices. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1994; 49:15287-15291. [PMID: 10010640 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.15287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Abstract
From 1980 to 1991, 14 patients with pure ankle dislocation unassociated with fracture were identified. All patients were young adults (18-41 years of age) with a male preponderance (11 of 14). The cause of injury in nine of the 14 cases was a motor vehicle accident and in the remainder, sporting events or fall from a height. Thirteen of the 14 injuries were open, and 12 patients underwent lateral ligamentous repair. Twelve of the 14 patients were available for follow-up, which ranged from 15 to 122 months. Two patients had poor results; the remainder (10 of 12) had good and excellent results. Interestingly, no patient had signs or symptoms of instability. One patient required immediate below-the-knee amputation for open dislocation associated with avulsion of soft tissue and neurovascular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D Moehring
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Medical Center, Davis 95817
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Lian G, Enders GC. Entactin ultrastructural immunolocalization in the basal laminae of mouse seminiferous tubules and with only subtle changes following hypophysectomy. J Androl 1994; 15:52-60. [PMID: 8188537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
While entactin has been recently reported in the mouse seminiferous tubule lamina propria at the light microscope level, the purpose of this paper was twofold: 1) to determine the ultrastructural localization of entactin with the two basal laminae that form the lamina propria of the mouse, and 2) to determine if immunoreactive entactin changes following hypophysectomy. The localization of entactin was demonstrated by three different means: 1) immunofluorescent localization in semi-thin cryosections of the testis, 2) immunoperoxidase staining in a preparation of isolated lamina propria, and 3) immuno-gold staining in ultra-thin sections of testis. These techniques all demonstrated that immunoreactive entactin is present in both the inner and outer basal laminae of the mouse seminiferous tubules and is co-localized with laminin. These results are consistent with previous work that demonstrated entactin is synthesized and secreted by both Sertoli and peritubular myoid cells. Because both Sertoli cells and peritubular myoid cells are androgen-responsive cells, we wanted to determine if hypophysectomy alters the testicular distribution of entactin. Changes in immunoreactive entactin and laminin in the basal laminae were observed in semi-thin cryosections of the testes from hypophysectomized mice up to 6 weeks after surgery. The results demonstrated that during this time period, while most of the spermatogenic cells degenerated, the intensity of immunoreactive entactin and laminin remained nearly unchanged, as the seminiferous tubule basal laminae took on an increasingly wavy appearance. This suggests that the relative concentration of entactin and laminin in the basal lamina is stable, and not dependent on the presence of normal spermatogenesis and pituitary hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lian
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66160-7400
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Abstract
Localization and synthesis of entactin in seminiferous tubules of mouse testis was studied by immunocytochemistry. Frozen sections from adult mice testes were subjected to anti-entactin and anti-laminin immunofluorescence. Both entactin and laminin were localized within the seminiferous tubule basement membrane and intertubular region of the testis. The addition of excess amount of entactin (but not fibronectin), premixed with anti-entactin antiserum, abolished the immunostain. Western blotting showed that a protein extract from a seminiferous tubule basement membrane preparation was recognized by anti-entactin anti-serum and comigrated with recombinant entactin. Enriched fractions of isolated primary Sertoli cells and peritubular myoid cells cultured for 6 days on a glass coverslip were able to synthesize and secrete entactin as detected by immunofluorescence microscopy. Entactin was also produced by TM3 (Leydig-like) and TM4 (Sertoli-like) cell lines as detected by both immunofluorescence and Western blotting. The distribution of entactin vs. laminin within both the cultured primary cells and the TM3 and TM4 cell lines differed. Entactin appeared mainly localized extracellularly. In contrast, laminin was mainly localized intracellularly. The above findings suggested that 1) entactin existed in the seminiferous tubule basement membrane and intertubular region of adult mice testis, co-localized with laminin; 2) entactin was synthesized by the cultured primary Sertoli cells and peritubular myoid cells and the TM3 and TM4 cell lines; 3) entactin was exocytosed with little intracellular accumulation, in contrast to an intracellular accumulation of laminin.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lian
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City 66103
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Cracchiolo A, Cimino WR, Lian G. Arthrodesis of the ankle in patients who have rheumatoid arthritis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1992; 74:903-9. [PMID: 1634581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We reviewed thirty-two arthrodeses of the ankle in twenty-six patients who had rheumatoid arthritis. In seventeen patients (eighteen ankles), a compression arthrodesis was done and external fixation was used. In eight patients (twelve ankles), we used internal fixation with 6.5-millimeter cancellous-bone screws. In the remaining patient, an arthrodesis with external fixation was done in one ankle and internal fixation was used in the other ankle; data for the appropriate ankle are included in each group. The patients were followed for an average of thirty-three months. The two groups were comparable with respect to age, sex, preoperative medications, and severity of disease. The average time to fusion was nineteen weeks in the compression arthrodesis group and seventeen weeks in the internal fixation group. Of the nineteen ankles that had a compression arthrodesis, four failed to fuse; all of the failures were associated with infection. Infection developed in two additional patients, there was malposition of the fusion in three patients, and neurapraxia developed in three patients. Of the thirteen ankles that had internal fixation, three ankles failed to fuse; one of the failures was associated with infection. Infection developed in one additional ankle. In two patients, the ankle fused in excessive valgus. Comparison of the two groups revealed comparable rates of fusion: fusion occurred in fifteen of the nineteen ankles in the group that had compression arthrodesis and in ten of the thirteen ankles in the group that had internal fixation. The method of arthrodesis did not affect the time to fusion or the rate of complications.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cracchiolo
- University of California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90024-6902
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Cracchiolo A, Weltmer JB, Lian G, Dalseth T, Dorey F. Arthroplasty of the first metatarsophalangeal joint with a double-stem silicone implant. Results in patients who have degenerative joint disease failure of previous operations, or rheumatoid arthritis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1992; 74:552-63. [PMID: 1583050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Sixty-six patients who had a total of eighty-six double-stem silicone implants in the first metatarsophalangeal joint were followed prospectively for an average of 5.8 years (range, two to fifteen years). There were two groups of patients: thirty-four patients (thirty-seven implants) who had degenerative joint disease (including those who had hallux rigidus or in whom a previous operation on a bunion had failed) and thirty-two patients (forty-nine implants) who had rheumatoid arthritis. The implants were used only if the patient was a candidate for an excisional arthroplasty or an arthrodesis; they were not used in patients who wished to maintain or adopt very active use of the foot (such as in running, jogging, and tennis) or to wear very high heels. Twenty-eight (82 per cent) of the thirty-four patients in the first group were completely satisfied and three (9 per cent) were somewhat satisfied. However, three patients (9 per cent), all of whom had had a failed bunionectomy, were dissatisfied; the ages of these three patients were less than the average age of all patients in the first group. Radiographs showed a fracture in three implants, but the patients had a good clinical result and an additional operation was not warranted. Twenty-seven (84 per cent) of the thirty-two patients in the second group were completely satisfied, four (13 per cent) were somewhat satisfied, and one (3 per cent) was dissatisfied. Radiographs showed a fracture in five implants. Four of the implants caused no symptoms, and the result was good; the fifth one was fragmented and was removed because of symptoms. Radiographs showed radiolucent areas around the implant and hypertrophic changes in many patients. There was no evidence of synovitis, such as that caused by silicone, either clinically or radiographically. We found that the double-stem silicone implant was effective in reconstructing the first metatarsophalangeal joint but emphasize our belief that it should be used only in carefully selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cracchiolo
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine
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Abstract
The primary purpose of this study was to determine the types of collagen in the developing human larynx that contribute to the structural framework and function of various components of this organ. The infant larynx is much more than a mere miniature of the adult "voice box." There are many age-related differences that occur in the larynx from the newborn period to the adult period of life. While collagen has been studied in numerous tissues, both normal and diseased, there have been no studies of the whole organ content, types, and/or changes of collagen in the developing human larynx that may account for many of the clinical findings. This study may at least in part explain whether collagen differences may account for the structural changes and responses that are seen in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Cohen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, California
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Davlin L, Johnson E, Thomas T, Lian G. Open versus closed nailing of femoral fractures in the polytrauma patient. Contemp Orthop 1991; 22:557-63. [PMID: 10149647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-four patients with severe multiple injuries underwent either open or closed nailing of 35 femoral fractures. Open nailing was performed in 17 femurs and closed nailing in 18 femurs. The average abbreviated injury score was 27 in both the open group (range: 17-45) and closed group (range: 22-36). Soft tissue injuries were present in eight (47%) cases in the open group compared to three (16%) in the closed group. The treatment protocol was similar in both groups. Intramedullary nailing was delayed an average of 11 days in the closed group. This was significantly different than the open group where the average time to nailing was less than 24 hours (p less than 0.001). Reamed nails were used in all cases except for two in the closed group. The median time to fracture healing was 5.0 months in the open group and 4.1 months in the closed group, with an average follow-up of 18 months in both groups. Two cases required reoperation (one nonunion and one shortening at the fracture site). Both these cases were in the open group. There were no superficial or deep infections in either group. Closed reamed intramedullary nailing is recommended for treatment of diaphyseal femur fractures in patients with severe coexistent injuries. Open nailing should be reserved for cases in which an adequate reduction cannot be achieved by closed methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Davlin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Eastern Virginia Graduate School of Medicine, Norfolk
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Abstract
Following total knee arthoplasty, seven patients developed significant wound necrosis and dehiscence, requiring wound coverage with soft tissue flaps. Three patients had rheumatoid arthritis, three had degenerative arthritis, and one had osteosarcoma of the distal femur. Five different prostheses were used and the wound problems were discovered on average 21 days after arthroplasty. The average wound size was 6.0 cm2. Five were infected, four with Staphylococcus epidermidis and one with Staphylococcus aureus. All patients were treated with antibiotics and local debridement for an average of 10 days prior to the flap procedure. Medical gastrocnemius muscle flaps were used in two patients, unipedicle flaps transposed from the lateral thigh in three, and bipedicle flaps shifted from the medial thigh in two. Flaps were done an average of 56 days after arthroplasty, and knee rehabilitation was delayed an average of 76 days after arthroplasty. Patients were followed an average of 48 months after the flap procedure. Six patients had mild or no knee pain and one who remained infected had moderate constant pain. Three of the patients had greater than 90 degrees of knee motion and one had 75 degrees of motion. The remaining three had only 35 degrees of motion, due in part to significant preoperative contractures, infection, local radiation, and chemotherapy. Late infection developed in two patients at 20 and 45 months following the flap procedure. There was one excellent, three good, two fair, and one poor result using the Hospital for Special Surgery knee rating system at final follow-up examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lian
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, UCLA School of Medicine 90024-6902
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