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Anceschi U, Amparore D, Prata F, Checcucci E, Bove A, De Cillis S, Iannuzzi A, Quarà A, Ragusa A, Ortenzi M, Misuraca L, Zampa A, Cartolano S, Spadaro G, Tuderti G, Brassetti A, Ferriero M, Mastroianni R, D’Annunzio S, Guaglianone S, Fiori C, Porpiglia F, Simone G. Predictors of BPH6 achievement for urethral-sparing robot-assisted simple prostatectomy: Results of a multicentric series. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00065-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Triggianese P, Senter R, Petraroli A, Zoli A, Lo Pizzo M, Bignardi D, Di Agosta E, Agolini S, Arcoleo F, Rossi O, Modica S, Greco E, Chimenti MS, Spadaro G, De Carolis C, Cancian M. Pregnancy in women with Hereditary Angioedema due to C1-inhibitor deficiency: Results from the ITACA cohort study on outcome of mothers and children with in utero exposure to plasma-derived C1-inhibitor. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:930403. [PMID: 36186797 PMCID: PMC9515414 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.930403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In women with Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) due to C1-inhibitor (C1INH) deficiency (C1INH-HAE), pregnancy counseling and treatment can be challenging. Despite the evidence of the immediate favorable outcome and safety of plasma-derived (pd)C1INH concentrate, there are no data regarding any difference among women who underwent or not pdC1INH during pregnancy or on children with in utero exposure to pdC1INH. The present interview study aimed at analyzing outcome of C1INH-HAE mothers and children according to pdC1INH-exposure during pregnancies. Methods C1INH-HAE women who experienced at least 1 pregnancy were included from seven centers of the Italian Network for Hereditary and Acquired Angioedema (ITACA). The interview study retrospectively analyzed pregnancies who underwent (group 1) or not (group 2) pdC1INH. The overall goals of the study included immediate and long-term outcomes, in terms of outcomes in the time interval between pregnancy and survey. Results A total of 168 pregnancies from 87 included women were analyzed. At term delivery (>37 gestation-week, GW) has been registered in 73.8% of cases, while spontaneous abortion (SA) occurred in 14.2% of cases with a mean GW 7 ± 2. The group 1 including pdC1INH-treated pregnancies comprised a third of the cohort (51/168, time interval 1.5 ± 10.4 yrs), while the group 2 represented 69.6% (117/168, time interval 32.8 ± 14 yrs). The same prevalence of SA occurred when comparing group 1 (11.7%) with group 2 (15.4%) with a similar GW at SA. The group 1 was older at the pregnancy time and younger at the interview than the group 2 (P < 0.01 for both); moreover, the group 1 showed a higher prevalence of cesarean delivery (P < 0.0001). The overall prevalence of obstetrical syndromes was similar between two groups: however, gestational diabetes was described only in pdC1INH-untreated pregnancies. In utero pdC1INH-exposed children (n = 45) did not show differences compared with unexposed ones (n = 99) in neonatal short-term outcomes. Conclusion Through appropriate management and counseling, most of C1INH-HAE women undergo successful pregnancy and delivery. For pregnant C1INH-HAE women being treated with pdC1INH, our findings are reassuring and might lead to an improvement of both the knowledge about treatments and the experience of HAE itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Triggianese
- Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of “Medicina dei Sistemi”, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: P. Triggianese
| | - R. Senter
- Department of Systems Medicine, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - A. Petraroli
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca in Scienze Immunologiche di Base e Cliniche (CISI) dell'Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A. Zoli
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - M. Lo Pizzo
- Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy
| | - D. Bignardi
- Department of Medicine Integrated With the Territory, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - E. Di Agosta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - S. Agolini
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - F. Arcoleo
- Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy
| | - O. Rossi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - S. Modica
- Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of “Medicina dei Sistemi”, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - E. Greco
- Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of “Medicina dei Sistemi”, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - M. S. Chimenti
- Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of “Medicina dei Sistemi”, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - G. Spadaro
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca in Scienze Immunologiche di Base e Cliniche (CISI) dell'Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - C. De Carolis
- Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of “Medicina dei Sistemi”, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - M. Cancian
- Department of Systems Medicine, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Bova M, Suffritti C, Kusumam J, Caccia S, Gelderman KA, Berra S, Loffredo S, Santacroce R, Petraroli A, Roem-Haagsma D, Margaglione M, Spadaro G, Kaplan AP. An atypical case of idiopathic nonhistaminergic angioedema with anti-C1-INH antibodies. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2022; 32:498-500. [DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Cesoni Marcelli A, Loffredo S, Petraroli A, Carucci L, Mormile I, Ferrara AL, Spadaro G, Genovese A, Bova M. Nailfold Videocapillaroscopy Findings in Bradykinin-Mediated Angioedema. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2021; 31:404-416. [PMID: 32301440 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Hereditary angioedema with C1-inhibitor deficiency (C1-INH-HAE) and acquired angioedema related to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (ACEI-AAE) are types of bradykinin-mediated angioedema without wheals characterized by recurrent swelling episodes. Recent evidence suggests that a state of "vascular preconditioning" predisposes individuals to attacks, although no data are available on possible structural alterations of the vessels. Objective: This study aims to compare the features of nailfold capillaries to highlight possible structural anomalies between patients affected by C1-INH-HAE and controls and between patients with ACEI-AAE and hypertensive controls. METHODS We used nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) to assess the following: apical, internal, and external diameter; loop length; intercapillary distance; and capillary density, distribution, and morphology. Plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) A, VEGF-C, angiopoietin (Ang) 1, and Ang2 were also measured. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls (n=28), C1-INH-HAE patients (n = 34) were characterized by significant structural alterations of the capillaries, such as greater intercapillary distance (216 vs 190 μm), increased apical, internal, and external diameter (28 vs 22 μm; 22 vs 20 μm; and 81 vs 65 μm, respectively), decreased density (4 vs 5 capillaries/mm2), more irregular capillary distribution, and more tortuous morphology. Apical diameter was enlarged in patients with ≥12 attacks per year. In ACEI-AAE patients, NVC showed no alterations with respect to hypertensive controls. NVC performed in 2 C1-INH-HAE patients during attacks showed no changes compared with the remission phase. CONCLUSIONS We detected major structural capillary alterations in C1-INH-HAE patients, thus confirming the involvement of microcirculation in the pathogenesis of angioedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cesoni Marcelli
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - S Loffredo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "G. Salvatore", National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - A Petraroli
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - L Carucci
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - I Mormile
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A L Ferrara
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G Spadaro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Genovese
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Bova
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Di Spigna G, Ladogana P, Covelli B, Ricciardone M, Salzano S, Spalletti Cernia D, Mormile I, Varriale G, Catapano O, Spadaro G, Mormile M, Postiglione L. Component resolved diagnosis by recombinant allergens in patients with allergies to inhalants. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2021; 34:1729-1737. [PMID: 33143407 DOI: 10.23812/20-297-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Molecular characterization of IgE reactivity of specific individual components of allergenic extracts is now possible due to the technology of recombinant allergens derived from studies of molecular biology of allergic pathology. The identification of the immunoreactivity to single allergenic components in allergic subjects allows to specifically define her/his allergic profile and obtain the so-termed Component Resolved Diagnosis (CRD). Molecular allergens can be classified into those that induce the respiratory allergic reactivity and those that identify the food-related allergic pathology. It is also essential to identify those molecular allergens whose immunoreactivity is able to connect the two clinical conditions: respiratory symptoms and food allergy symptoms. The present study was conducted on 50 patients with a clinical history of hypersensitivity to pollen and/or allergy and positivity to Skin Prick Test. The sera were analyzed in our laboratories and the panel of recombinant allergens was applied in the case of positivity of the specific IgE. Of the 50 patients enrolled, 31 were selected as positive to 4 main pan-allergen Bet v1, Par j2, Art v1 and Phl p1; among these, 14 subjects showed one allergen-specific IgE towards natural extracts of tested foods even in absence of clinical history. CRD allows for an increased accuracy in allergy diagnosis and prognosis and plays an important role in: a) resolving genuine vs cross-reactive sensitization in poly-sensitized patients, b) assessing, in selected cases, the risk of severe, systemic vs mild, local reactions in food allergy, and c) identifying patients and triggering allergens for specific immunotherapy (ITS). In light of our results, we believe that the transition from a diagnostic based on the use of allergenic extracts to another one based on the use of single allergenic molecules that is able to define the specific allergenic profile of each patient, seems to be able to revolutionize the allergy diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Di Spigna
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - P Ladogana
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - B Covelli
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - M Ricciardone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - S Salzano
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "G. Salvatore" (National Research Council), Naples, Italy
| | - D Spalletti Cernia
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - I Mormile
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - G Varriale
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - O Catapano
- Italian Association of Pharmacogenomics and Molecular Diagnostics, Ancona, Italy
| | - G Spadaro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.,Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Mormile
- Department of Clinical and Surgical Medicine University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - L Postiglione
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.,Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Carucci L, Bova M, Petraroli A, Ferrara AL, Sutic A, de Crescenzo G, Cordisco G, Margaglione M, Gambardella J, Spadaro G, Genovese A, Loffredo S. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor-Associated Angioedema: From Bed to Bench. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2019; 30:272-280. [PMID: 31599724 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-associated angioedema (ACEI-AAE) affects 0.1%-0.7% of patients treated with ACEIs. While previous research suggests that angioedema attacks result from increased vascular permeability, the pathogenesis is not completely understood. Objective: This study aimed to describe the clinical, genetic, and laboratory parameters of ACEI-AAE patients and to investigate the role of vascular endothelial growth factors A and C (VEGF-A and VEGF-C), angiopoietins 1 and 2 (Ang1/Ang2), and secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) in the pathogenesis of ACEI-AAE. METHODS The clinical and laboratory data of ACEI-AAE patients were collected from 2 angioedema reference centers. Healthy volunteers and ACEI-treated patients without angioedema were enrolled to compare laboratory parameters. Genetic analyses to detect mutations in the genes SERPING1, ANGPT1, PLG, and F12 were performed in a subset of patients. RESULTS A total of 51 patients (57% male) were diagnosed with ACEI-AAE. The average time to onset of symptoms from the start of ACEI therapy was 3 years (range, 30 days-20 years). The most commonly affected sites were the lips (74.5%), tongue (51.9%), and face (41.2%). Switching from ACEIs to sartans was not associated with an increased risk of angioedema in patients with a history of ACEIAAE. VEGF-A, VEGF-C, and sPLA2 plasma levels were higher in ACEI-AAE patients than in the controls. Ang1/2 concentrations remained unchanged. No mutations were detected in the genes analyzed. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that sartans are a safe therapeutic alternative in ACEI-AAE patients. Increased concentrations of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, and sPLA2 in ACEI-AAE patients suggest a possible role of these mediators in the pathogenesis of ACEI-AAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Carucci
- Post-Graduate Program in Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Bova
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Interdepartmental Center for Research in Basic and Clinical Immunology Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Petraroli
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Interdepartmental Center for Research in Basic and Clinical Immunology Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A L Ferrara
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Interdepartmental Center for Research in Basic and Clinical Immunology Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Sutic
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - G de Crescenzo
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Sant'Anna and San Sebastiano Hospital, Caserta, Italy
| | - G Cordisco
- Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - M Margaglione
- Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - J Gambardella
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - G Spadaro
- Post-Graduate Program in Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Interdepartmental Center for Research in Basic and Clinical Immunology Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Genovese
- Post-Graduate Program in Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Interdepartmental Center for Research in Basic and Clinical Immunology Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - S Loffredo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Interdepartmental Center for Research in Basic and Clinical Immunology Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology G. Salvatore, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
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Megna M, Pecoraro A, Balato N, Villani A, Crescenzi L, Balato A, Spadaro G. Psoriasis in a cohort of patients with common variable immunodeficiency. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:935-936. [PMID: 30414274 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Megna
- Department of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - A Pecoraro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - N Balato
- Department of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - A Villani
- Department of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - L Crescenzi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Balato
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G Spadaro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Abstract
Nanogels combine the favourable properties of hydrogels with those of colloids. They can be soft and conformable, stimuli-responsive and highly permeable, and can expose a large surface with functional groups for conjugation to small and large molecules, and even macromolecules. They are among the very few systems that can be generated and used as aqueous dispersions. Nanogels are emerging materials for targeted drug delivery and bio-imaging, but they have also shown potential for water purification and in catalysis. The possibility of manufacturing nanogels with a simple process and at relatively low cost is a key criterion for their continued development and successful application. This paper highlights the most important structural features of nanogels related to their distinctive properties, and briefly presents the most common manufacturing strategies. It then focuses on synthetic approaches that are based on the irradiation of dilute aqueous polymer solutions using high-energy photons or electron beams. The reactions constituting the basis for nanogel formation and the approaches for controlling particle size and functionality are discussed in the context of a qualitative analysis of the kinetics of the various reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dispenza
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, Gestionale, Informatica, Meccanica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 6, 90128, Palermo, Italy. .,School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - G Spadaro
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, Gestionale, Informatica, Meccanica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 6, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - M Jonsson
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
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Cozzolino I, Picardi M, Lucci R, Petraroli A, Spadaro G, Marone G, Vetrani A, Zeppa P. Lymph node fine needle aspiration cytology in systemic mastocytosis: cytological features with ancillary tests and literature review. Cytopathology 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Picardi
- AOU ‘Federico II’; Medicine and Surgery; Naples Italy
| | - R. Lucci
- AOU ‘Federico II’; Public Health; Naples Italy
| | - A. Petraroli
- AOU ‘Federico II’; Translational Medical Sciences; Naples Italy
| | - G. Spadaro
- AOU ‘Federico II’; Translational Medical Sciences; Naples Italy
| | - G. Marone
- AOU ‘Federico II’; Translational Medical Sciences; Naples Italy
| | - A. Vetrani
- AOU ‘Federico II’; Public Health; Naples Italy
| | - P. Zeppa
- Anatomia Patologica; Università di Salerno; Salerno Italy
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Sanges M, Spadaro G, Miniero M, Mattera D, Sollazzo R, D'Armiento FP, De Palma GD, Pecoraro A, Borrelli F, Genovese A, D'Arienzo A. Efficacy of subcutaneous immunoglobulins in primary immunodeficiency with Crohn's-like phenotype: report of a case. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2015; 19:2641-2645. [PMID: 26221895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Common variable immune deficiency (CVID) is the most frequent primary immunodeficiency in adults. In CVID, the prevalence of gastrointestinal manifestations ranges between 2 and 50% with a complication-related morbidity second only to that of the respiratory tract. In some cases, clinical and endoscopic features are undistinguishable from those of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We describe the case of a 28-year-old man in which a diagnosis of Crohn's disease was firstly suspected. Subsequently, a diagnosis of Crohn's-like disease in a patient with CVID was made and a replacement therapy with human normal immunoglobulin intravenously was started. Unfortunately, serum IgG levels remained below 2.0 g/l in pre-infusional controls with persistence of gastrointestinal symptoms and malnutrition despite anti-inflammatory therapy (mesalazine, corticosteroids). Then, the patient began treatment with human normal immunoglobulins administered subcutaneously. The follow-up visits showed a progressive increase in serum IgG. Moreover, the patient reported improvement of gastrointestinal symptoms with reduction of diarrhoea, and laboratory tests showed a progressive and significant improvement. We confirm that therapy with subcutaneously administered immunoglobulins is safe and effective. In addition, our observations indicate that, for patients with CVID and enteropathic complications, replacement therapy with subcutaneous IgG may be the treatment of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sanges
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Naples, Italy.
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Grimaldi N, Sabatino M, Przybytniak G, Kaluska I, Bondì M, Bulone D, Alessi S, Spadaro G, Dispenza C. High-energy radiation processing, a smart approach to obtain PVP-graft-AA nanogels. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Spadaro G, Alessi S, Dispenza C, Sabatino M, Pitarresi G, Tumino D, Przbytniak G. Radiation curing of carbon fibre composites. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Dispenza C, Sabatino MA, Niconov A, Chmielewska D, Spadaro G. E-beam crosslinked, biocompatible functional hydrogels incorporating polyaniline nanoparticles. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2011.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Dintcheva N, Alessi S, Arrigo R, Przybytniak G, Spadaro G. Influence of the e-beam irradiation and photo-oxidation aging on the structure and properties of LDPE-OMMT nanocomposite films. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2011.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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15
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Genovese A, Detoraki A, Granata F, Galdiero M, Spadaro G, Marone G. Angiogenesis, Lymphangiogenesis and Atopic Dermatitis. New Trends in Allergy and Atopic Eczema 2012; 96:50-60. [DOI: 10.1159/000331883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Alessi S, Conduruta D, Pitarresi G, Dispenza C, Spadaro G. Accelerated ageing due to moisture absorption of thermally cured epoxy resin/polyethersulphone blends. Thermal, mechanical and morphological behaviour. Polym Degrad Stab 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Vitiello L, Masci AM, Montella L, Perna F, Angelini DF, Borsellino G, Battistini L, Merola G, De Palma R, Spadaro G, Cosentini E, Palmieri G, Racioppi L. Thymoma-associated immunodeficiency: a syndrome characterized by severe alterations in NK, T and B-cells and progressive increase in naïve CD8+ T Cells. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2010; 23:307-16. [PMID: 20378017 DOI: 10.1177/039463201002300129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymomas are rare tumours that sustain T-lymphopoiesis and trigger a variety of autoimmune diseases and immunodeficiencies, including a fatal hypogammaglobulinemia, namely Goods Syndrome (GS). Due to its rarity, GS has been poorly investigated and immunological features, as well as pathogenetic mechanisms underlying this syndrome, are unclear. We studied 30 thymoma patients by performing an immunological assessment, including immunophenotype and analysis of T cell repertoire (TCR). Development of GS was characterized by a progressive decrease in B, CD4 T and NK lymphocytes. These alterations paired with accumulation of CD8+CD45RA+ T cells that showed a polyclonal repertoire without expansions of specific clonotypes. GS is defined as hypogammaglobulinemia with thymoma. Here, we show for the first time that this syndrome is characterized by a severe loss of CD4+, NK and B cells. Furthermore, the accumulation of CD8+CD45RA+ T lymphocytes parallels these changes; this accumulation may have a role in determining the disease and can be used to monitor clinical stages of immunodeficiency in thymoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vitiello
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
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Veropalumbo E, Marrone A, Vallefuoco L, Perruolo G, Orlando R, Scordino F, Tosone G, Zampino R, Trani B, Genovese A, Spadaro G, D’Orio C, Portella G. Immunocompromised Patients with HBsAgaDeterminant Mutants: Comparison of HBsAg Diagnostic Assays. Intervirology 2010; 53:183-7. [DOI: 10.1159/000289342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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19
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Dispenza C, Alessi S, Spadaro G. Carbon fiber composites cured by γ-radiation-induced polymerization of an epoxy resin matrix. Adv Polym Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.20127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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20
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Alessi S, Dispenza C, Fuochi P, Corda U, Lavalle M, Spadaro G. E-beam curing of epoxy-based blends in order to produce high-performance composites. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2007.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Alessi S, Parlato A, Dispenza C, De Maria M, Spadaro G. The influence of the processing temperature on gamma curing of epoxy resins for the production of advanced composites. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2007.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Dispenza C, Fiandaca G, Lo Presti C, Piazza S, Spadaro G. Electrical properties of γ-crosslinked hydrogels incorporating organic conducting polymers. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2007.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Ferrari S, Zuntini R, Lougaris V, Soresina A, Sourková V, Fiorini M, Martino S, Rossi P, Pietrogrande MC, Martire B, Spadaro G, Cardinale F, Cossu F, Pierani P, Quinti I, Rossi C, Plebani A. Molecular analysis of the pre-BCR complex in a large cohort of patients affected by autosomal-recessive agammaglobulinemia. Genes Immun 2007; 8:325-33. [PMID: 17410177 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6364391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal-recessive agammaglobulinemia is a rare and heterogeneous disorder, characterized by early-onset infections, profound hypogammaglobulinemia of all immunoglobulin isotypes and absence of circulating B lymphocytes. To investigate the molecular basis of the disease, 23 patients with early-onset disease and no mutations in Bruton tyrosine kinase, the gene responsible for X-linked agammaglobulinemia, were selected and analyzed by direct sequencing of candidate genes. Two novel mutations in the mu heavy chain (muHC) gene (IGHM) were identified in three patients belonging to two unrelated families. A fourth patient carries a previously described G>A nucleotide substitution at the -1 position of an alternative splice site in IGHM; here, we demonstrate that this mutation is indeed responsible for aberrant splicing. Comparison of bone marrow cytofluorimetric profiles in two patients carrying different mutations in the IGHM gene suggests a genotype-phenotype correlation with the stage at which B-cell development is blocked. Several new single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) both in the muHC and in the lambda5-like/VpreB-coding genes were identified. Two unrelated patients carry compound heterozygous variations in the VpreB1 gene that may be involved in disease ethiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ferrari
- Medical Genetics Unit and CRBa, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
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Marone G, Spadaro G, Liccardo B, Rossi FW, D'Orio C, Detoraki A. Superallergens: a new mechanism of immunologic activation of human basophils and mast cells. Inflamm Res 2006; 55 Suppl 1:S25-7. [PMID: 16705376 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-005-0025-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G Marone
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5,, 80131, Naples, Italy,
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Dispenza C, Presti CL, Belfiore C, Spadaro G, Piazza S. Electrically conductive hydrogel composites made of polyaniline nanoparticles and poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone). POLYMER 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Spadaro G, Dispenza C, Mc Grail PT, Valenza A, Cangialosi D. Submicron structured polymethyl methacrylate/acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber blends obtained via gamma radiation induced ?in situ? polymerization. Adv Polym Technol 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.20010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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29
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Caputo G, Galia A, Scrò F, Spadaro G, Filardo G. Gamma radiation induced polymerization of vinyl monomers in dense CO2. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0969-806x(01)00480-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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Dispenza C, Scró F, Valenza A, Spadaro G. High energy radiation cure of resin systems for structural adhesives and composite applications. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0969-806x(01)00484-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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31
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Cangialosi D, Fuochi P, Lavalle M, McGrail P, Emmerson G, Spadaro G. Electron beam induced polymerisation of MMA in the presence of rubber: a novel process to produce tough materials. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0969-806x(01)00483-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Mastocytosis is a rare, heterogeneous disorder characterized by a marked increase in mast cell density in various tissues. Mast cells from different human tissues are heterogeneous. So far, there is no cure for systemic mastocytosis. Conventional therapy is based on agents that antagonize mediators released from mast cells, drugs that inhibit the release of mediators and agents that modulate mast cell proliferation. This pharmacologic approach is satisfactory in the majority of patients with indolent mastocytosis. At the beginning of the new millennium, the therapy of severe forms of aggressive mastocytosis remains a challenge for students of this intriguing disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Marone
- Divisione di Immunologia Clinica e Allergologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Facoltà di Medicina, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Brevetti G, De Caterina M, Martone VD, Corrado S, Silvestro A, Spadaro G, Scopacasa F. Measurement of soluble adhesion molecules in primary Raynaud's phenomenon and in Raynaud's phenomenon secondary to connective tissue diseases. Int J Clin Lab Res 2001; 30:75-81. [PMID: 11043500 DOI: 10.1007/s005990070018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Adhesion molecules play a role in the inflammation and pathogenesis of vascular diseases. In 13 patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon, 19 with Raynaud's phenomenon associated with connective tissue disease, and 16 control subjects, we measured plasma levels of soluble forms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, E-selectin, and von Willebrand factor. Patients with secondary Raynaud's phenomenon had plasma levels of soluble forms of intercellular adhesion molecule- 1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, E-selectin, and von Willebrand factor which were significantly higher than in those with primary Raynaud's phenomenon and controls, while no difference was observed between patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon and controls. Within the group with secondary Raynaud's phenomenon, the strongest correlations were between soluble forms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and both E-selectin, (r=0.67, P<0.001) and von Willebrand factor (r=0.58, P<0.01). In none of the three groups were the levels of soluble adhesion molecules and von Willebrand factor changed by exposure of hands to cold, although all patients had a definite vasospasm. In conclusion, this study indicates that primary Raynaud's phenomenon is not associated with elevation of soluble adhesion molecules and von Willebrand factor. Prospective studies are now required to investigate the role of these molecules as predictors of secondary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Brevetti
- Department of Medicine, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Acierno D, Di Maio L, Iannelli P, Spadaro G, Valenza A. Macro-oriented network of liquid-crystalline polyesters: crosslinking induced by γ-irradiation and thermally activated reaction. POLYMER 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(99)00869-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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37
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Spadaro G, De Gregorio R, Galia A, Valenza A, Filardo G. Gamma radiation induced maleation of polypropylene using supercritical CO 2 : preliminary results. POLYMER 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(99)00588-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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38
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Spadaro G, Valenza A. Influence of the irradiation parameters on the molecular modifications of an isotactic polypropylene gamma-irradiated under vacuum. Polym Degrad Stab 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-3910(99)00143-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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39
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Giammona G, Pitarresi G, Cavallaro G, Spadaro G. New biodegradable hydrogels based on an acryloylated polyaspartamide cross-linked by gamma irradiation. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 1999; 10:969-87. [PMID: 10574611 DOI: 10.1163/156856299x00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Alpha, beta-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-DL-aspartamide (PHEA), a synthetic biocompatible macromolecule, was functionalized with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) in order to introduce in its side chains residues having double bonds and ester groups. The copolymer (PHG), obtained from PHEA and GMA, had a degree of derivatization of 29 mol%. PHG aqueous solutions are cross-linked by gamma radiation at 0 degrees C either in the presence or absence of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) giving rise to new hydrogel systems. In both cases gelation occurs at quite low doses (0.26 and 0.4 kGy, respectively). The obtained networks were characterized by FT-IR spectrophotometry which confirmed that the cross-linking process involves the vinyl groups of the polymer chains. Swelling measurements evidenced the high affinity of aqueous media at different pH-values towards PHG hydrogels. The sol fractions of the irradiated samples, properly purified, were characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR analyses and reduced viscosity measurements. Finally, in vitro chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis studies suggested that the prepared samples undergo a partial degradation at pH 1 and 10 or after incubation with enzymes such as esterase, pepsin, and alpha-chymotrypsin.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Giammona
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Italy
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40
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dispenza
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica dei Processi e dei Materiali, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - J T Carter
- ICI Technology, Wilton Centre, PO Box 90, Middlesbrough TS90 8JE, UK
| | - P T McGrail
- ICI Technology, Wilton Centre, PO Box 90, Middlesbrough TS90 8JE, UK
| | - G Spadaro
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica dei Processi e dei Materiali, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128, Palermo, Italy
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41
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Marone G, Granata F, Spadaro G, Onorati AM, Triggiani M. Antiinflammatory effects of oxatomide. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 1999; 9:207-14. [PMID: 10513346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that histamine may have wider proinflammatory and immunomodulatory activities than previously reported. It may influence several functions of lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils and macrophages, modulating the release of inflammatory mediators and cytokines. These observations have aroused interest in the pharmacology and clinical applications of histamine H1 receptor antagonists and have led to the identification of novel antiinflammatory properties for this class of drugs. Oxatomide, initially characterized as an H1 antagonist, inhibits the secretion of several mediators of inflammation from human basophils and mast cells. In vitro oxatomide inhibits the release of both preformed (histamine and tryptase) and de novo synthesized mediators (leukotriene C4 and prostaglandin D2). The inhibitory effect is not restricted to basophils and mast cells but is also evident on other inflammatory cells such as the neutrophils. In this cell, oxatomide inhibits arachidonic acid mobilization, and leukotriene B4 and platelet-activating factor synthesis, presumably by reducing the activity of cytosolic phospholipase A2. These observations extend the pharmacological activities of oxatomide beyond H1 receptor antagonism and suggest that this drug influences a variety of biochemical events in human inflammatory cells. These antiinflammatory activities help to explain its beneficial effect in various allergic and inflammatory disorders, including urticaria, allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Marone
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
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42
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Valenza A, Piccarolo S, Spadaro G. Influence of morphology and chemical structure on the inverse response of polypropylene to gamma radiation under vacuum. POLYMER 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(98)00294-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
Basophil granulocytes and tissue mast cells and their mediators play a role in the pathogenesis of several immune and inflammatory disorders. Human basophils and mast cells (FcepsilonRI+ cells) can be activated through immunological interaction with the IgE-FcepsilonRI network. FcepsilonRI+ cells can be triggered by cross-linking between the Fab portions of IgE and multivalent antigens (direct anaphylaxis). 'Reverse type' anaphylaxis can occur through three distinct mechanisms: antibodies against the Fcepsilon portion of IgE (anti-IgE), antibodies against epitopes of the alpha chain of FcepsilonRI (anti-FcepsilonRIalpha) and anti-IgG acting on IgG-IgE complexes bound to FcepsilonRI. Anti-IgE autoantibodies are occasionally present even in normal donors and more frequently in a variety of allergic (chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma) and autoimmune disorders (rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis). IgG anti-IgE from a small percentage of patients induces the release of mediators from human FcepsilonRI+ cells. Some of the anti-IgE autoantibodies present in allergic patients are non-anaphylactogenic, thus representing a possible protective mechanism preventing the association of IgE with FcepsilonRI. Anti-FcepsilonRIalpha autoantibodies also occur in a significant percentage of patients of chronic urticaria and probably non-allergic asthma and some autoimmune diseases. Although anti-IgE and anti-FcepsilonRIalpha autoantibodies, present in a percentage of patients with immune disorders, are relevant to the pathogenesis of these conditions, much remains to be learnt about their immunochemistry, their prevalence and precise role in various inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Marone
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Naples Federico II School of Medicine, Italy
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44
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Postiglione A, De Chiara S, Soricelli A, Oriente A, Ruocco A, Spadaro G, Montefusco S, Marone G, Genovese A. Alterations of cerebral blood flow and antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Int J Clin Lab Res 1998; 28:34-8. [PMID: 9594361 DOI: 10.1007/s005990050015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and 13 healthy controls were included in a cerebral blood flow study and underwent brain-dedicated single-photon emission computed tomography using 99m technetium-d, l-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime together with a brain computed tomography scan. Plasma levels of antiphospholipid antibodies (lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin IgM and IgG antibodies) were also determined. Brain computed tomography showed signs of focal cerebral ischemia in 4 patients (18%), whereas cerebral blood flow by single-photon emission computed tomography was abnormal in 13 of 22 patients (59%), who showed bilateral or monolateral hypoperfusion in the temporo-parietal regions. Patients with abnormal cerebral blood flow had a longer duration of disease than those with normal blood flow (8.9 +/- 1.9 years vs. 5.3 +/- 1.5 years, P < 0.05). Plasma antiphospholipid antibodies were present in 15 patients (68%), but the prevalence was similar in those with normal (6/9, 66%), or abnormal (9/13, 69%) cerebral blood flow. No statistically significant difference in lupus anticoagulant or anticardiolipin antibodies was observed between patients with and without cerebral blood flow abnormalities. Our study shows that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus frequently have cerebral blood flow abnormalities, which could precede those observed by computed tomography. Plasma lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin titers were not correlated with normal cerebral blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Postiglione
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Italy
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Abstract
Human mast cells and basophils play a key role in the pathogenesis of several immunological and inflammatory disorders, not only by producing inflammatory and fibrogenic mediators, but also by directly (CD40 ligand) and indirectly secreting various cytokines and chemokines. Studies carried out to evaluate the effects of drugs that modulate the release of mediators and cytokines from these cells have contributed to clarifying the biochemical mechanism by which immunological and non-immunological stimuli activate these cells. Significant differences have been documented between human mast cells and basophils as regard the pharmacological agents that modulate the release of mediators, between mast cells isolated from different anatomical sites, and between compounds of the same class of drugs. Efforts to gain insight into the biochemical events occurring during immunological activation of mast cells and basophils could lead to the identification of new biochemical targets for therapeutic interventions in several immunological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Marone
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Italy
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46
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Filardo G, Dispenza C, Silvestri G, Spadaro G. Irradiation of low density and high density polyethylenes in presence of carbon dioxide in subcritical and supercritical conditions. J Supercrit Fluids 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0896-8446(98)00080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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47
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Genovese A, Patella V, De Crescenzo G, De Paulis A, Spadaro G, Marone G. Loratadine and desethoxylcarbonyl-loratadine inhibit the immunological release of mediators from human Fc epsilon RI+ cells. Clin Exp Allergy 1997; 27:559-67. [PMID: 9179431 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.1997.270860.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loratadine, a novel histamine H1-receptor antagonist, is effective in the treatment of patients with seasonal and perennial rhinitis and some allergic skin disorders. Histamine and other chemical mediators are synthesized and immunologically released by human peripheral blood basophils and tissue mast cells (Fc epsilon RI+ cells). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of loratadine and its main metabolite, desethoxylcarbonyl-loratadine (des-loratadine), on the immunological release of preformed (histamine and tryptase) and de novo synthesized mediators (leukotriene C4: LTC4 and prostaglandin D2:PGD2) from human Fc epsilon RI+ cells. METHODS Human Fc epsilon RI+ cells purified from peripheral blood and from skin (HSMC) and lung tissue (HLMC) were preincubated with loratadine and des-loratadine before immunological challenge with Der p 1 antigen or anti-Fc epsilon RI. The release of preformed mediators (histamine and tryptase) and de novo synthesized eicosanoids was evaluated in the supernatants of human Fc epsilon RI+ cells. RESULTS Preincubation (15 min, 37 degrees C) of purified (36-74%) basophils with loratadine (3 x 10(-6)-10(-4)M) and des-loratadine before Der p 1 antigen or anti-Fc epsilon RI challenge concentration-dependently (5-40%) inhibited the release of histamine and LTC4. Loratadine (3 x 10(-6)-10(-4)M) and des-loratadine also inhibited (10-40%) histamine, LTC4, and PGD2 release from purified HLMC (16-68%) activated by anti-Fc epsilon RI. Loratadine (3 x 10(-6)-10(-4)M) and des-loratadine caused concentration-dependent inhibition (10-40%) of histamine, tryptase, LTC4, and PGD2 release from purified HSMC (24-72%) immunologically challenged with anti-Fc epsilon RI. CONCLUSION These results indicate that loratadine and its main metabolite have anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the release of preformed and de novo synthesized mediators from human Fc epsilon RI+ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Genovese
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Naples Federico II School of Medicine, Italy
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48
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Dispenza C, Filardo G, Silvestri G, Spadaro G. Carboxylation of linear low density polyethylene through gamma irradiation in presence of supercritical carbon dioxide. Grafted groups analysis via derivatization procedures. Colloid Polym Sci 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/s003960050096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Despite numerous studies, the cardiac actions of histamine are still obscure. Yet, histamine could probably be clinically relevant. It is stored in large amounts in human cardiac tissue, where it is contained in the cytoplasmatic granules of mast cells. Mast cells are present in normal human heart tissue; they are more abundant in diseased human heart tissue where they lie in close proximity to blood vessels and between myocytes. The histamine content of human heart mast cells is comparable to the histamine content of lung parenchymal and skin mast cells. Ultrastructural studies confirmed the presence of mast cells around vessels and between myocytes. Consequently, these cells are easily accessible to circulating antigens, drugs and stimuli that activate the cells to release vasoactive mediators which in turn can exert significant cardiovascular effects. Histamine possesses arrhythmogenic effects and once locally released, may enhance automaticity and induce triggering activity resulting in severe tachyarrhythmias. The major arrhythmogenic effects of histamine consist in increasing sinus rate and ventricular automaticity, and in slowing atrioventricular conduction. In addition, histamine may interfere with depolarization and repolarization through its effects on calcium and potassium currents. These effects are mediated by H2-receptor. Therefore direct activation of histamine receptor can induce cardiac arrhythmias. Consequently, the interference of these histaminergic effects may explain, at least in part, the arrhythmogenic effects described for some second-generation antihistamines, such as terfenadine and astemizole. In this brief review we will discuss the cardiac effects of histamine in experimental animal models and in man, and will review data on the safety of the new second-generation antihistamines, focusing on their cardiotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Genovese
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Naples Federico II, School of Medicine, Italy
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Patella V, de Crescenzo G, Marino O, Spadaro G, Genovese A, Marone G. Oxatomide inhibits the release of proinflammatory mediators from human basophils and mast cells. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1996; 111:23-9. [PMID: 8753840 DOI: 10.1159/000237340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxatomide (OXA), a histamine H1 receptor antagonist, is effective in the treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis, some allergic skin disorders, and bronchial asthma. We have characterized the effect of OXA on the immunologic release of preformed (histamine and tryptase) and de novo synthesized mediators (leukotriene C4:LTC4 and prostaglandin D2:PGD2) from human basophils and mast cells purified (from 10 to 82%) from human lung parenchyma (HLMC) and skin tissue (HSMC). Preincubation (15 min, 37 degrees C) of basophils with OXA (10(-7)-10(-5) M) before Der p I antigen or anti-IgE challenge concentration-dependently (10-40%) inhibited the immunologic release of histamine and LTC4. OXA (10(-7)-10(-5) M) also inhibited (10-40%) histamine, tryptase and LTC4 release from HLMC activated by anti-IgE. In addition, OXA caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of histamine, tryptase and PGD2 release from HSMC immunologically challenged with a monoclonal antibody against the alpha chain of the high affinity receptor for IgE (anti-Fc epsilon RI) or anti-IgE. These results demonstrate that OXA exerts anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting the release of preformed and de novo synthesized mediators from human basophils and mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Patella
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
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