1
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, YouTube is one of the most popular websites, and the content is not restricted to entertainment. The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of information in YouTube videos pertaining to hysterectomy. METHODS We explored YouTube using the search terms "hysterectomy" and "remove uterus." The videos that appeared were sorted using the filter "sort by view count." Of the initial 100 videos, the top 50 videos for each search term were included for review, as determined by the "relevance" filter based on YouTube's algorithm. After excluding 34 videos for various reasons, 66 were included in the final analysis. Each video rated as "useful" was further analyzed for reliability and completeness of information; a set of pre-determined criteria were modified from a previous study and used to grade the quality of videos. RESULTS The top 66 videos on hysterectomy had a total of 4,679,118 views. Based on authorship, the videos were categorized as follows: videos uploaded by patients, 37%; academic videos, 35%; videos uploaded by physicians, 13%; commercial videos, 4%; and videos uploaded by non-physicians, 2%. The type of content was also categorized: 50% of the videos recorded personal experiences, 23% recorded surgical techniques, 21% involved explanations of the surgery, and 4% were commercial videos. The majority of the videos made by patients were negatively biased toward hysterectomy surgery (71.72%), while the majority of those made by academics or physicians were surgical educational videos for doctors, not patients. CONCLUSION YouTube is currently not an appropriate source for patients to gain information on hysterectomy. Physicians should be aware of the limitations and provide up-to-date and peer-reviewed content on the website.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyong No Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ga Hyun Son
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of New Frontier Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sung Ho Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngmi Kim
- Institute of New Frontier Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sung Taek Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of New Frontier Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee KJ, Yoo J, Kim YH, Kim SH, Kim SC, Kim YH, Kwak DW, Kil K, Park MH, Park H, Shim JY, Son GH, Lee KA, Oh SY, Oh KJ, Cho GJ, Shim SY, Cho SJ, Cho HY, Cha HH, Choi SK, Hwang JY, Hwang HS, Kwon EJ, Kim YJ. The Clinical Usefulness of Predictive Models for Preterm Birth with Potential Benefits: A KOrean Preterm collaboratE Network (KOPEN) Registry-Linked Data-Based Cohort Study. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:1-12. [PMID: 31929733 PMCID: PMC6945556 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.37626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Preterm birth is strongly associated with increasing mortality, incidence of disability, intensity of neonatal care required, and consequent costs. We examined the clinical utility of the potential preterm birth risk factors from admitted pregnant women with symptomatic preterm labor and developed prediction models to obtain information for prolonging pregnancies. Methods: This retrospective study included pregnant women registered with the KOrean Preterm collaboratE Network (KOPEN) who had symptomatic preterm labor, between 16 and 34 gestational weeks, in a tertiary care center from March to November 2016. Demographics, obstetric and medical histories, and basic laboratory test results obtained at admission were evaluated. The preterm birth probability was assessed using a nomogram and decision tree according to birth gestational age: early preterm, before 32 weeks; late preterm, between 32 and 37 weeks; and term, after 37 weeks. Results: Of 879 registered pregnant women, 727 who gave birth at a designated institute were analyzed. The rates of early preterm, late preterm, and term births were 18.16%, 44.02%, and 37.83%, respectively. With the developed nomogram, the concordance index for early and late preterm births was 0.824 (95% CI: 0.785-0.864) and 0.717 (95% CI: 0.675-0.759) respectively. Preterm birth was significantly more likely among women with multiple pregnancy and had water leakage due to premature rupture of membrane. The prediction rate for preterm birth based on decision tree analysis was 86.9% for early preterm and 73.9% for late preterm; the most important nodes are watery leakage for early preterm birth and multiple pregnancy for late preterm birth. Conclusion: This study aims to develop an individual overall probability of preterm birth based on specific risk factors at critical gestational times of preterm birth using a range of clinical variables recorded at the initial hospital admission. Therefore, these models may be useful for clinicians and patients in clinical decision-making and for hospitalization or lifestyle coaching in an outpatient setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ju Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Public Health, Korea University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinho Yoo
- YooJin BioSoft Co., Ltd, Goyang-si Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Young-Han Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Chul Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Yoon Ha Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kwak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital and Woman's Healthcare Center, Dankook University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kicheol Kil
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Hye Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyesook Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Yoon Shim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ga Hyun Son
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung A Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Young Oh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Joon Oh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Geum Joon Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - So-Yeon Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Jin Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Young Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyun-Hwa Cha
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sae Kyung Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Yun Hwang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Kangwon-do, Korea
| | - Han-Sung Hwang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jin Kwon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ju Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Flowering Locus C (FLC) is a key floral repressor that precisely controls flowering time. The role of FLC has been extensively studied at the transcriptional level using molecular biological and epigenetic approaches. However, how FLC functions and how its stability is controlled at the post-translational level are only beginning to be understood. Recent studies show that various post-translational modifications (PTMs) control the stability and activity of FLC. In this review, we focus on three types of PTMs that regulate FLC function: phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and sumoylation. This report should serve as a model to guide post-translational studies of other important floral regulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Soo Kwak
- Department of Plant Science and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ga Hyun Son
- Department of Plant Science and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Tae Song
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hak Soo Seo
- Department of Plant Science and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yun BH, Lee SM, Cho HY, Kim JY, Son GH, Kim YH, Park YW, Lim BJ, Kwon JY. Expression of nephrin in the human placenta and fetal membranes. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:5116-20. [PMID: 26151763 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephrin is the signature molecule in the podocyte of the glomerulus that forms the renal slit diaphragm, the main functional unit of the glomerulus. The present study focused on the expression of nephrin in the human placenta, which may also have a role in filtration and the maintenance of homeostasis in the kidneys. A total of nine placentas from normal healthy pregnant females at full term were investigated. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and immunofluorescence were performed. The expression of nephrin mRNA was relatively increased in the chorion compared with that in the villi and the amnion. The nephrin gene was detected in the villous cytotrophoblast cells and the endothelium of the intravillous vessels. It was also present in the chorionic and amniotic membranous lining, with its distribution being particularly dense in the amniocytes. The identification of nephrin in the human placenta, particularly at the maternal‑fetal interface, provides a novel insight into the molecular basis of the selective permeability of the placental barrier, which requires further elucidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hyon Yun
- Division of Maternal‑Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120‑752, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Mi Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110‑799, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Young Cho
- Division of Maternal‑Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120‑752, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120‑752, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Hyun Son
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul 150‑719, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Han Kim
- Division of Maternal‑Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120‑752, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Won Park
- Division of Maternal‑Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120‑752, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Jin Lim
- Department of Pathology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul 135‑720, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Young Kwon
- Division of Maternal‑Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120‑752, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Flowering locus C (FLC), a floral repressor, is a critical factor for the transition from the vegetative to the reproductive phase. Here, the mechanisms regulating the activity and stability of the FLC protein were investigated. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation and in vitro pull-down analyses showed that FLC interacts with the E3 small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) ligase AtSIZ1, suggesting that AtSIZ1 is an E3 SUMO ligase for FLC. In vitro sumoylation assays showed that FLC is modified by SUMO in the presence of SUMO-activating enzyme E1 and conjugating enzyme E2, but its sumoylation is inhibited by AtSIZ1. In transgenic plants, inducible AtSIZ1 overexpression led to an increase in the concentration of FLC and delayed the post-translational decay of FLC, indicating that AtSIZ1 stabilizes FLC through direct binding. Also, the flowering time in mutant FLC (K154R, a mutation of the sumoylation site)-overexpressing plants was comparable with that in the wild type, whereas flowering was considerably delayed in FLC-overexpressing plants, supporting the notion that sumoylation is an important mechanism for FLC function. The data indicate that the sumoylation of FLC is critical for its role in the control of flowering time and that AtSIZ1 positively regulates FLC-mediated floral suppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ga Hyun Son
- Department of Plant Science, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Flowering locus C (FLC), a floral repressor, is a critical factor for the transition from the vegetative to the reproductive phase. Here, the mechanisms regulating the activity and stability of the FLC protein were investigated. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation and in vitro pull-down analyses showed that FLC interacts with the E3 small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) ligase AtSIZ1, suggesting that AtSIZ1 is an E3 SUMO ligase for FLC. In vitro sumoylation assays showed that FLC is modified by SUMO in the presence of SUMO-activating enzyme E1 and conjugating enzyme E2, but its sumoylation is inhibited by AtSIZ1. In transgenic plants, inducible AtSIZ1 overexpression led to an increase in the concentration of FLC and delayed the post-translational decay of FLC, indicating that AtSIZ1 stabilizes FLC through direct binding. Also, the flowering time in mutant FLC (K154R, a mutation of the sumoylation site)-overexpressing plants was comparable with that in the wild type, whereas flowering was considerably delayed in FLC-overexpressing plants, supporting the notion that sumoylation is an important mechanism for FLC function. The data indicate that the sumoylation of FLC is critical for its role in the control of flowering time and that AtSIZ1 positively regulates FLC-mediated floral suppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ga Hyun Son
- Department of Plant Science, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - Bong Soo Park
- Department of Plant Science, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - Jong Tae Song
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - Hak Soo Seo
- Department of Plant Science, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-818, Korea
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Son GH, Kim JH, Kwon JY, Kim YH, Park YW. Risk factors for cesarean delivery after induction of labor in nulliparous women with an unfavorable cervix at or beyond 41 weeks of gestation. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2013; 76:254-9. [PMID: 24192506 DOI: 10.1159/000350798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate risk factors for cesarean section (CS) following labor induction in nulliparas with an unfavorable cervix at or beyond 41 weeks of gestation. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, a total of 276 nulliparas with an unfavorable cervix (Bishop score ≤6) who underwent labor induction for prolonged pregnancies were included out of a total of 646 patients who delivered ≥41 weeks (2002-2011). RESULTS 82 (29.7%) patients of the 276 delivered by CS. The patients who underwent CS had less cervical dilatation and a lower Bishop score on admission than those patients who delivered vaginally (0.76 ± 0.47 vs. 0.92 ± 0.58 cm, p = 0.03 and 1.16 ± 1.25 vs. 1.51 ± 1.34, p = 0.04, respectively). Neonatal birth weight and biparietal diameter (BPD) were significantly smaller in the vaginal delivery group (3,414.93 ± 361.37 vs. 3,534.81 ± 383.05 g, p = 0.01 and 9.43 ± 0.35 vs. 9.65 ± 0.42 cm, p < 0.01). After multiple logistic regression analysis, maternal height, BPD, and early rupture of membranes (ROM) were independently related with CS. Early ROM was defined as spontaneous ROM that occurred before the onset of the active phase of labor. CONCLUSION Maternal height, BPD, and early ROM were risk factors for CS following labor induction in nulliparas at or beyond 41 weeks of gestation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ga Hyun Son
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Son GH, Kwon JY, Lee S, Park J, Kim YJ, Yun B, Park JH. Comparison of serum and urinary nephrin levels between normal pregnancies and severe preeclampsia. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2013; 166:139-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
9
|
Cho HY, Cho JH, Park JH, Chung SM, Park YW, Son GH, Kim YH, Kwon JY. 759: A longitudinal study of plasma and urine levels of nephrin in normal pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.10.777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
10
|
Chung SM, Son GH, Nam EJ, Kim YH, Kim YT, Park YW, Kwon JY. Mode of Delivery Influences the Regression of Abnormal Cervical Cytology. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2011; 72:234-8. [DOI: 10.1159/000324500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
11
|
Cho HY, Hur H, Son GH, Kwon HY, Park YW, Kim YH, Kwon JY. 236: Microarray analysis of the gene expression profiling in the cytotrophoblasts on nicotine exposure. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.10.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
12
|
Jeon SR, Choi HM, Roh YH, Kim YH, Son GH, Nam KH, Park YW, Kwon JY. Frontomaxillary facial angle measurements in euploid Korean fetuses at 11 weeks' to 13 weeks 6 days' gestation. J Ultrasound Med 2010; 29:1565-1571. [PMID: 20966467 DOI: 10.7863/jum.2010.29.11.1565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution of fetal frontomaxillary facial angles in a euploid Korean population at 11 weeks' to 13 weeks 6 days' gestation. METHODS Three-dimensional volumes of the fetal head were obtained from women with low-risk singleton pregnancies at 11 weeks' to 13 weeks 6 days' gestation who consented to this prospective study. Only fetuses with either a normal karyotype confirmed by amniocentesis or no abnormalities after delivery were considered eligible for analysis and were characterized as euploid for the purposes of this study. Women with multiple pregnancies and those who were lost to follow-up and fetuses with abnormal karyotypes or anomalies diagnosed in utero or postnatally were excluded. The frontomaxillary facial angle was measured twice offline by a single examiner. Cases were categorized by crown-rump length (CRL) in 10-mm intervals for analysis of the frontomaxillary facial angle. RESULTS Among 375 enrolled cases, 158 were eligible for frontomaxillary facial angle analysis. The overall mean frontomaxillary facial angle ± SD was 88.6° ± 9.7°. The mean frontomaxillary facial angle for fetuses with a CRL of 40 to 49 mm (n = 35) was 93.7°; 50 to 59 mm (n = 53), 92.6°; 60 to 69 mm (n = 36), 85.3°; and 70 to 79 mm (n = 34), 81.0°, showing an inverse relationship between the mean frontomaxillary facial angle and CRL (r = -0.5334; P < .0001). The proportion of cases with frontomaxillary facial angles of 85° or greater was 60.8%, and that of cases with angles of 90° or greater was 37.3%. CONCLUSIONS Ethnic differences in frontomaxillary facial angle measurements should be considered when incorporating the frontomaxillary facial angle in fetal aneuploidy screening in the Korean population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Rye Jeon
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University Health System, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nam KH, Kwon JY, Son GH, Cho NH, Park YW, Kim YH. Prenatally diagnosed left ventricular diverticulum with thoracoabdominal wall defect: a case and review of the literature. J Perinatol 2010; 30:760-2. [PMID: 20981042 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2010.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K H Nam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Son GH, Kim JH, Hwang JH, Kim YH, Park YW, Kwon JY. Urinary excretion of nephrin in patients with severe preeclampsia. Urinary nephrin in preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy 2010; 30:408-13. [PMID: 20795822 DOI: 10.3109/10641955.2010.507841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine whether nephrin is present in the urine of patients with severe preeclampsia. METHODS A total of 45 women were recruited for this study, and 25 of these patients had severe preeclampsia. Twenty gestational age-matched normotensive women without proteinuria served as a control group. Urine samples were collected close to delivery, typically ≤24 h before delivery. Western blot analysis was performed to assess the excretion of nephrin in urine. RESULTS Nephrin was detected in all urine samples from all the women with severe preeclampsia but not in urine from normotensive controls. CONCLUSION In pregnancy complicated by severe preeclampsia, urinary nephrin shedding, reflecting the damage in the glomerular slit diaphragm, was observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ga Hyun Son
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Son GH, Kwon JY, Kim YH, Park YW. Maternal serum triglycerides as predictive factors for large-for-gestational age newborns in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2010; 89:700-4. [PMID: 20423280 DOI: 10.3109/00016341003605677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the contribution of maternal lipids in predicting large-for-gestational age (LGA) newborns born to women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING Yonsei University Health System, Korea. POPULATION A total of 104 women diagnosed with GDM between January 2000 and June 2008. METHODS Women who were positive on the 50 g oral glucose challenge test (24-28 weeks' gestation) and who were referred patients suspected of GDM underwent a 3 hours, 100 g oral glucose tolerance test for GDM diagnosis. Maternal fasting serum triglycerides and total, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were determined at 24-32 weeks' gestation. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine maternal parameters independently associated with delivering LGA newborns at term. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Risk contributions for LGA newborns. RESULTS Maternal fasting serum triglyceride levels were significantly higher in mothers of LGA newborns compared with other mothers; however, no significant correlations were found between newborn birthweight and maternal fasting glucose, total cholesterol, or HDL cholesterol levels. After adjusting for confounding variables including prepregnancy body mass index, weight gain during pregnancy, age, and parity, maternal hypertriglyceridemia at 24-32 weeks' gestation remained an independent parameter for identifying term LGA newborns. CONCLUSIONS In GDM pregnancies, determining maternal serum triglyceride levels during midpregnancy may help identify women likely to give birth to LGA newborns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ga Hyun Son
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University Health System, 134 Shinchon-dong Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the effect of glucocorticoid on neuronal differentiation of hippocampal progenitor HiB5 cells. Dexamethasone (DEX), a synthetic glucocorticoid, inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced differentiation of HiB5 cells. The inhibitory effect of DEX was antagonized by RU486, a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist, indicating the GR-mediated processes. Nestin mRNA level was decreased and midsize neurofilament (NF-M) mRNA level was increased as a function of neuronal differentiation. DEX significantly blocked PDGF-induced down-regulation of nestin mRNA level, and up-regulation of NF-M mRNA level, which were similar to those of undifferentiated cells. DEX inhibited PDGF-induced activation of cyclic AMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) and AP-1, suggesting that glucocorticoid interfered with signal transduction cascades linking the PDGF receptor and downstream transcription factors. Indeed, DEX reduced PDGF-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2). Tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor reversed the effect of DEX on ERK1/2. In accordance with this finding, blockage of ERK1/2 signaling pathway with PD098059, a potent inhibitor for Ras/ERK pathway, mimicked the inhibitory effect of DEX on differentiation processes. Taken together, these results indicate that glucocorticoid inhibits PDGF-induced differentiation of hippocampal progenitor HiB5 cells by inhibiting the ERK1/2 signaling cascade via a tyrosine phosphatase-dependent mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G H Son
- Development and Neuroendocrine Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated that excision of the GnRH first intron (intron A) was largely attenuated in non-GnRH-producing tissues but accelerated in GnRH neurons. In the present study, we examined the splicing rate of GnRH pre-mRNA in developing normal mice and adult hypogonadal mice. The preoptic area and cerebral cortex were removed from mice at ages 1-7 wk. GnRH pre-mRNA splicing was examined by competitive RT-PCR using a variety of primer sets. The ratio of mature mRNA to intron A-containing RNA species in the preoptic area was lowest in 1- and 2-wk-old mice, significantly augmented in 3-wk-old mice, and further increased until adulthood. In contrast, the ratio of mRNA to intron A-containing RNA in the cerebral cortex was extremely low, drastically decreased in 3-wk-old mice, and remained at low levels until adulthood. These data indicate a preoptic area-specific increase in intron A excision during development. Intron B or C excision in the preoptic area was not significantly changed during development. To elucidate the possible involvement of the exonic splicing enhancers located in GnRH exons 3 and 4 in the developmental increase in intron A excision, we examined the splicing rate of GnRH pre-mRNA in hypogonadal mice whose GnRH exons 3 and 4 were truncated. The intron A excision in the preoptic area of hypogonadal mice was significantly lower than that of normal mice but similar to that in other tissues, such as cerebral cortex and olfactory bulb. To support the functional relevance of intron A-containing RNA species, we examined the translation efficiency of intron A-containing RNA. Insertion of intron A sequence into the upstream portion of the luciferase open reading frame significantly decreased translation efficiency. The present study demonstrates that intron A excision in the preoptic area is developmentally regulated in normal mice but largely attenuated in hypogonadal mice, indicating the functional importance of intron A excision in GnRH pre-mRNA splicing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Y Seong
- Hormone Research Center, Chonnam National University, Kwangju 500-757, Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Park S, Seong JY, Son GH, Kang SS, Lee S, Kim SR, Kim K. Analysis of steroid-induced genes in the rat preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus using a differential-display reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. J Neuroendocrinol 2001; 13:531-9. [PMID: 11412340 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2826.2001.00665.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Steroid hormones modulate a variety of physiological functions in the hypothalamus. We attempted to identify steroid-regulated genes in the rat preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus by comparing differentially expressed mRNAs. Adult female rats were ovariectomized and, 1 week later, a silastic capsule containing 17beta-oestradiol (180 microg/ml) was subcutaneously implanted. After 2 days, a single injection of progesterone (1 mg) was administered at 10.00 h and rats were killed at 17.00 h on the same day. Differential-display polymerase chain reaction followed by Northern blot analysis showed that 10 clones were differentially regulated. Using homology search in Genbank, three genes were identified as sodium, potassium-ATPase beta1, protein kinase C-binding Nell-homologue protein and evectin-1. Further characterization of 10 clones showed that the expression patterns were tissue-specific and differentially regulated during puberty. Among these, mRNAs for protein kinase C-binding Nell-homologue protein, evectin-1 and human CGI-118 protein-like gene were induced after vagina opening, and differentially expressed during the oestrous cycle. Taken together, several steroid-regulated genes identified in the present study may play an important role in regulating hypothalamic functions, including puberty and the oestrous cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kam K, Park Y, Cheon M, Son GH, Kim K, Ryu K. Effects of immobilization stress on estrogen-induced surges of luteinizing hormone and prolactin in ovariectomized rats. Endocrine 2000; 12:279-87. [PMID: 10963049 DOI: 10.1385/endo:12:3:279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Reproductive function has been known to be impaired by various kinds of physical and emotional stress, but the mechanism by which stress impairs the reproductive axis has not been clearly understood. In the present study, the effects of immobilization stress were studied on the surges of luteinizing hormone (LH) and prolactin (PRL) induced by 17beta-estradiol (E2) in ovariectomized rats. Two weeks after bilateral ovariectomy, animals were implanted with the capsule containing E2 or vehicle at 1000 h (designated as d 0). Immobilization was started at 1000 h and continued to 2100 h on d 2. Blood samples were collected according to the time schedule by a jugular vein catheter procedure. Immobilization stress inhibited basal release of LH and abolished E2-induced LH and PRL surges in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Daily repeated immobilization (from 1200 h to 1800 h, 6 h/d) for 3 d also abolished LH and PRL surges when examined at 1800 h on d 2. Although daily repeated immobilization stress reduced E2-induced PRL mRNA levels, this stress failed to change LHbeta mRNA levels in the anterior pituitary as determined by Northern blot analysis. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor mRNA levels in the anterior pituitary were lowered by immobilization stress in the OVX, E2-treated group. Dopamine D2 receptor mRNA levels in the anterior pituitary of OVX, E2-treated rats were significantly decreased at 1800 h, compared with those at 1000 h. However, immobilization prevented a decrease in dopamine D2 receptor mRNA levels at 1800 h. GnRH content was increased in the mediobasal hypothalamus by immobilization in the OVX, E2-treated group, suggesting that GnRH release was inhibited. Interestingly, GnRH mRNA levels in the preoptic area-anterior hypothalamic area were suppressed by immobilization stress in OVX, E2-treated rats when determined at 1800 h. Therefore, we concluded that immobilization stress blocks E2-induced LH surge possibly by inhibiting synthesis and release of GnRH at the hypothalamic level, and an increase of dopaminergic activity via D2 receptor at the pituitary level might be involved in the stress blockage of E2-induced PRL surge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Kam
- Endocrine Laboratory, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kang SS, Son GH, Seong JY, Choi D, Kwon HB, Lee CC, Kim K. Noradrenergic neurotoxin suppresses gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and GnRH receptor gene expression in ovariectomized and steroid-treated rats. J Neuroendocrinol 1998; 10:911-8. [PMID: 9870748 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2826.1998.00278.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate whether noradrenergic neurotransmission regulates the gene expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the preoptic area and GnRH receptor in the pituitary. To this end, N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP4, 50 mg/kg), an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of selective noradrenergic neurotoxin, was administered 1 h before progesterone (1 mg) treatment in ovariectomized and estradiol-treated prepubertal rats. Treatment with DSP4 effectively blocked the progesterone-induced increase in hypothalamic noradrenaline content, but not dopamine content, indicating that DSP4 selectively inhibits noradrenergic neurotransmission. DSP4 significantly blocked progesterone-induced increase in serum luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations as well as GnRH release from hypothalamic fragments incubated in vitro. DSP4 concomitantly down-regulated GnRH mRNA levels in the preoptic area, as determined by competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. DSP4 also clearly down-regulated progesterone-induced GnRH receptor mRNA levels in the pituitary, whereas it failed to alter LHbeta mRNA levels. In summary, blockade of noradrenergic neurotransmission with DSP4 resulted in profound reductions of hypothalamic GnRH and pituitary GnRH receptor gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S S Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Research Centre for Cell Differentiation, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|