1
|
Saldaña-Villanueva K, González-Palomo AK, Méndez-Rodríguez KB, Gavilán-García A, Benítez-Arvizu G, Diaz-Barriga F, Alcantara-Quintana L, Pérez-Vázquez FJ. Serum levels of inflammatory cytokines in mercury mining workers in a precarious situation: A preliminary study. Toxicol Ind Health 2024; 40:134-143. [PMID: 38289205 DOI: 10.1177/07482337241229471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Mercury is a ubiquitous environmental xenobiotic; the primary sources of exposure to this metal are artisanal gold mining and the direct production of mercury. In Mexico, artisanal mercury mining continues to be an important activity in different regions of the country. Exposure to mercury vapors releases can have severe health impacts, including immunotoxic effects such as alterations in cytokine profiling. Therefore, in the present work, we evaluated the inflammatory cytokines profile in the blood serum of miners exposed to mercury. A cross-sectional observational study was performed on 27 mining workers (exposed group) and 20 control subjects (nonexposed group) from central Mexico. The mercury urine concentration (U-Hg) was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, and IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α were measured using a Multiplex Assay. The results showed that the U-Hg in the miners had a median value of 552.70 μg/g creatinine. All cytokines showed a significant increase in the miner group compared with the control group, except for TNF-α. In addition, we observed a positive correlation between U-Hg concentration and cytokine levels. In conclusion, mercury exposure correlated with cytokine levels (considered acute inflammatory marker) in miners; therefore, workers exposed to this metal show an acute systemic inflammation that could lead to alterations in other organs and systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin Saldaña-Villanueva
- Coordinación Para la Innovación y la Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACyT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Ana K González-Palomo
- Coordinación Para la Innovación y la Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACyT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Karen B Méndez-Rodríguez
- Coordinación Para la Innovación y la Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACyT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Arturo Gavilán-García
- Instituto Nacional de Ecología y Cambio Climático, Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Banco de Sangre Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE), Hospital de Especialidades Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Fernando Diaz-Barriga
- Coordinación Para la Innovación y la Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACyT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Luz Alcantara-Quintana
- Coordinación Para la Innovación y la Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACyT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Francisco J Pérez-Vázquez
- Coordinación Para la Innovación y la Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACyT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Campos-Aguirre E, Benítez-Arvizu G. [Comment on article "Variability of hemoglobin and hematocrit determined in blood gas equipment"]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2023; 61:4-5. [PMID: 36542125 PMCID: PMC10395937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
´The analysis of samples on different equipment may lead to variation between results; in the article "Variability of hemoglobin and hematocrit determined in blood gas equipment", the authors talk about the variability of hemoglobin and hematocrit between an automated hematology analyzer and an arterial blood gas analyzer. Information is requested on some aspects considered relevant to improve the understanding of the conclusions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esmeralda Campos-Aguirre
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez", Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez", Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, México
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Novelo-Garza B, Benítez-Arvizu G. [Obtaining blood components in blood banks]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2023; 61:S52-S58. [PMID: 36378143 PMCID: PMC10395912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
After the first successful blood transfusion, different difficulties of a liquid tissue were overcome; this liquid required special conditions to keep its characteristics with minimal alterations and, thus, to be able to be used in patients who needed it. Subsequently, techniques that also made possible to separate this liquid into its different components for its use were discovered, allowing a more specific treatment of the deficiencies of patients when administering cellular or non-cellular elements. With this, a new area arose within the blood banks to obtaining components. This area became the central point of convergence of all the processes involved in obtaining components, which include the biological qualification of each one of the units, as well as their labeling and release for the different distribution in transfusion services. It is important to highlight that the main source of components is obtained from whole blood; its processing for several decades was an artisanal operator-dependent process; however, with the evolution of technology, now it is possible to carry it out in an automated manner; likewise, today it is possible to obtain components directly from the donor's whole blood by separating it in real time by means of apheresis, which allows obtaining the component of interest and returning the remainder to the donor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Novelo-Garza
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Antonio Fraga Mouret”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Velázquez-Vázquez I, Galván-Bobadilla AI, Bonilla-Zavala R, González-Moreno E, Sánchez-Cañas JA, Villegas-Martínez R, Castillo-Albarrán FM, Benítez-Arvizu G. [External Quality Control in Immunohematology of National Medical Center's Blood Bank. History and present]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2023; 61:S59-S64. [PMID: 36378144 PMCID: PMC10399761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
For the proper functioning of the Immunohematology Area, an External Quality Control was established since 1973 through a program that evaluates the performance of the laboratories of the Blood Bank and transfusion services that carry out immunohematology tests. This program consists of sending panel cells to participating blood banks or services, which are phenotyped erythrocyte samples previously studied as problem cases but whose results are unknown by the participating laboratories. The processes in which the program is of most importance are determination of the ABO group, determination of Rh, performance of the direct and indirect Coombs test, and pre-transfusion compatibility tests. It was carried out an observational and retrospective study of the results obtained in the 2020 period from 104 units participating in the Immunohematology Quality Control Program of the National Medical Center's Blood Bank. A panel of cells was sent for external quality control of immunohematology every 45 days, resulting in 9 panels for each unit in the studied period. Compliance with the program was observed in the general result (79.6%), i.e., there was a decrease in the participation of the registered units. Of a maximum score of 100% to be obtained, it was observed a general result of 95.3% compliance of the participating units. The results obtained confirm the good general training of the immunohematology laboratories of the participating units. Yet, as in any external control program, it becomes clear that obtaining an erroneous result is a risk that can occur in any laboratory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Velázquez-Vázquez
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Alexis Ignacio Galván-Bobadilla
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Ruth Bonilla-Zavala
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Elizabeth González-Moreno
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - José Alberto Sánchez-Cañas
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Rita Villegas-Martínez
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Fátima Martha Castillo-Albarrán
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Benítez-Arvizu G, Campos-Aguirre E. [Molecular biology in a blood bank]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2023; 61:S46-S51. [PMID: 36378106 PMCID: PMC10395919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Medicine has had a vertiginous advance in the last two centuries. After the first successful transfusions, transfusional medicine and blood banks arose. The ladder perform vital functions, from donor screening to the studies for the analysis of blood that are carried out before its use for transfusion and the follow-up of patients who receive blood components. Molecular biology is highly relevant in these activities, since it has allowed the reduction of window periods for the detection of diseases transmissible by blood; it has allowed the complete study of the typing of blood groups and HLA molecules, and it has allowed the adequate phenotypic interpretation of patients and donors by being able to have their genotype. The most relevant impact of the implementation of molecular biology techniques was the screening for the detection of transfusion-transmissible diseases in blood donors, which has allowed improving the safety of the components obtained. Molecular biology techniques applied in the study of the donor-recipient have allowed better care of patients who have required a transfusion or transplant. In this work, it is reviewed the importance of molecular biology in blood banks, with which the care for the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social beneficiaries has improved, as well as for the blood donors who are mostly not insured.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Esmeralda Campos-Aguirre
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Benítez-Arvizu G, Castro-Jácome TP, Tovar-Pérez E, Alcántara-Quintana LE. [Antiproliferative, apoptotic, and antimigratory activities of kafirins on cervical cancer-derived cell lines]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2023; 61:S4-S11. [PMID: 36378016 PMCID: PMC10395951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide, both in developed and developing countries. Therefore, effective treatment of cervical cancer with potential anti-tumor drugs is important. However, new treatments inspired by nutritional medicine are needed. Objective To use the human cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and SiHa to evaluate the antiproliferative, apoptotic, and migratory activity of sorghum (kafirins). Materials and methods The anticancer effects of the kafirins were examined by counting cells, MTT assays, apoptosis, and migration assays. Results This investigation showed that sorghum induced growth inhibition of HeLa and SiHa cells at a significant level. The growth inhibition is dose-dependent and irreversible. When HeLa and SiHa cells were treated with sorghum due to the activity of kafirins, morphological changes were observed, which were identified through the formation of apoptopic bodies. And the kafirins at concentrations of 37.5, 75, 150, and 300 μg/mL decreased the migration of HeLa cells and SiHa cells. Conclusion This paper demonstrates the induction of antiproliferative, apoptotic, and anti-migratory activity in HeLa and SiHa cells by kafirins. Sorghum may be used as a nutraceutical with potential cancer-prevention benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Tania Patricia Castro-Jácome
- Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos. Tepic, Nayarit, MéxicoInstituto Tecnológico de TepicMéxico
| | - Erik Tovar-Pérez
- Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Campus Amazcala, Facultad de Ingeniería. El Marqués, Querétaro, MéxicoUniversidad Autónoma de QuerétaroMéxico
| | - Luz Eugenia Alcántara-Quintana
- Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología. San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México Universidad Autónoma de San Luis PotosíMéxico
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Noriega-Mendoza EDY, Lira-Arriaga P, Benítez-Arvizu G. [Systematization of interviews with altruistic blood donors during mobile campaign]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2023; 61:S19-S27. [PMID: 36378025 PMCID: PMC10396035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background The mobile campaigns of altruistic blood donation are one of the main actions of the Blood Bank of the Hospital de Especialidades "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez". With the arrival of the new normal, after the COVID-19 pandemic, it was necessary to reactivate these actions according to the population's characteristics. Objective To identify socio-cultural characteristics that enhance or limit voluntary or altruistic blood donation. Material and methods Qualitative exploratory research, through a semi-structured interview with stratified sampling, universe of partial population of those attending blood donation; only altruistic donors were considered randomly, and representative proportions of the population subgroup were determined. Results Most of the donors interviewed were preliminary donors who approached the blood donation tent without focused promotion. Health professionals showed greater identification to altruistic blood donation. Donors declared a lack of donation culture as the main factor limiting this human activity. Finally, they considered the accessibility to the blood donation tent as determinant for altruistic blood donation. Conclusions Twelve recommendations were established to the Blood Bank, with which the intention is to propose strategies and establish research channels that increase the impact on the promotion of altruistic blood donation in future campaigns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eber David Yubin Noriega-Mendoza
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Paola Lira-Arriaga
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Benítez-Arvizu G. [Vital impetus… the blood]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2023; 61:S1-S3. [PMID: 36377981 PMCID: PMC10395961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In 2022, 2 years on from the start of the pandemic, the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS, Mexican Institute for Social Security) has been reorganizing its services at full, out of which blood banks play a key role. In addition, on June 14 it is celebrated the World Blood Donor Day by the World Health Organization and this year Mexico was the host country for the celebration. Therefore, it is important to highlight the work carried out in blood banks, ranging from their main activity, which is the recruitment of blood donors and the blood components production, to the different interventions they have in the field of transplantation, diseases emerging diagnosis and the development of new therapeutic modalities, such as, for example, cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Velázquez-Vázquez MG, Alberti-Minutti P, Campos-Aguirre E, Benítez-Arvizu G. [Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in resident physicians]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2023; 61:S28-S32. [PMID: 36378067 PMCID: PMC10395998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 pandemic spread around the world swiftly; there are several diagnostic strategies available. Health workers, especially medical residents (MR), are a high-risk population for acquiring this infection. Objective To estimate the seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and the associated factors in MR of a third level hospital. Material and methods 330 MR from different specialties were evaluated with a questionnaire and collection of blood samples for analysis by microparticle chemiluminescent immunoassay. The prevalence of previous infection was defined by seropositivity of these antibodies. Descriptive statistics and concordance between the RT-PCR tests and the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG were used. Results Of 330 MR, 84.5% actively participated in COVID patient care. One out of 3 reported symptoms of COVID-19; in 67.6% the possible site of infection was a hospital setting not associated with the COVID area. Out of 71 symptomatic subjects, 61.9% underwent RT-PCR against SARS-CoV-2; 20 were positive. In 15.8% of the total, the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies was determined. Only 1 out of 3 subjects with a positive PCR had antibodies, and 11.3% of the cases, even with a positive RT-PCR test, did not develop humoral immunity. Conclusions The seroprevalence was lower than that reported at the national level, potentially due to protection measures. The main risk factor was contact with the virus in areas of the hospital not related to COVID, making it imperative to reinforce security protocols in those spaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Guadalupe Velázquez-Vázquez
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Servicio de Medicina Interna. Ciudad de México, México Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Paolo Alberti-Minutti
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Servicio de Medicina Interna. Ciudad de México, México Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Esmeralda Campos-Aguirre
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, México Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, México Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Benítez-Arvizu G. [Impact of the analitycal quality for the infectious serology]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2023; 61:S65-S71. [PMID: 36378156 PMCID: PMC10396046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The application of quality and its scope have diversified. From this perspective, quality assurance applied to analytical tests (performed in clinical laboratories or blood banks) for the detection of infectious markers is one of the concepts that has gained strength in the last 10 years. The official Mexican standards require ensuring the quality of the published results and for their compliance it is recommended the use of international guides and guidelines that describe good practices that can be applied when carrying out this activity, without losing sight of the fact that everything related to quality assurance must be supported by the implementation of a quality management system. Thus, by using materials selected correctly and in accordance with official regulatory requirements, a good statistical analysis and the appropriate tools, the quality assurance of the analytical phase of the laboratory process in the screening of infectious markers can bring great benefits to the emission of clinically useful results by monitoring indicators and applying the necessary corrective actions, in order to reduce the risk of unfavorable results for patients and donors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Campos-Aguirre E, Martínez-Álvarez JC, Arrazola-García MA, Arroyo-García OD, Delgado-Colín MG, Chávez-Durán MÁ, Galván-Bobadilla AI, Benítez-Arvizu G. [PCR for COVID in the transplant protocol]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2023; 61:S33-S36. [PMID: 36378084 PMCID: PMC10395893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, identifying the COVID-19 pathophysiology not only has been addressed to applying diagnostic tests or preventing through vaccines, but also to the timely detection, especially of patients in risk groups such as those in transplants areas (renal, hematology, etcetera). In the case of these patients, using RT-PCR tests avoids putting them at risk by subjecting them to states of immunosuppression that could aggravate their situation if they were faced with an onset of a COVID-19 infection. Objective To present the results of patients of a transplant unit tested for SARS-CoV-2. Material and methods Descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, and retrolective study. Data of results of RT-PCR tests of patients who underwent transplantation from June 2021 to April 2022 in a third level hospital were collected. Results 755 tests were done to patients who underwent transplantation. 384 (50.8%) were women. Out of all patients, only 73 (9.7%) were positive to SARS-CoV-2. Conclusions Implementing RT-PCR tests as a transplant protocol to detect SARS-CoV-2 prevents fatal complications due to COVID infection to donors and receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esmeralda Campos-Aguirre
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Julio César Martínez-Álvarez
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - María Araceli Arrazola-García
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Oscar David Arroyo-García
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - María Guadalupe Delgado-Colín
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Miguel Ángel Chávez-Durán
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Alexis Ignacio Galván-Bobadilla
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Campos-Aguirre E, Benítez-Arvizu G. [History of the 60 years of the 21th Century National Medical Center's Central Blood Bank]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2023; 61:S72-S80. [PMID: 36378157 PMCID: PMC10395980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Blood Bank of the 21th Century National Medical Center is an important piece in the field of transfusion medicine at the national level. Its history shows that it has been in constant change to be able to meet the needs in an adequate and safe manner for both donors and patients. This article shows the advances that the Central Blood Bank has had since its inauguration. This bank has areas of Immunohematology, Donors Assistance, Serology, Fractionation and Storage Studies. These areas have been improving constantly and areas dedicated to molecular biology have been implemented, which makes the bank remain a reference center at the national level. The bank has qualified personnel who have also been involved in teaching courses for personnel from other units of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (Mexican Institute for Social Security), as well as in disseminating research studies carried out within the bank. The Blood Bank of the 21th Century National Medical Center is a pillar in transfusion medicine care at the national level and it is a reference center for specialized studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esmeralda Campos-Aguirre
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, MéxicoInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Simbrón-Juárez F, Cruz-Cruz AO, Galván-Bobadilla AI, Benítez-Arvizu G. [Blood donors, risk factors and sexual orientation]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2022; 60:345-349. [PMID: 35763426 PMCID: PMC10395994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to reach high-quality blood-components, it is necessary that people who wish to be a blood donor shall observe a series of conditions that guarantee the least possible risk for the recipient and themselves. According to international standards, an adequate and reliable supply of safe blood can be assured by a stable base of regular, voluntary, unpaid blood donors (altruistic), which is a goal set by the World Health Organization; unfortunately in our country it only represents around 3%, despite the efforts of different institutions. In addition, the population is unaware of risk factors that prevent donating, due to the low culture of this issue. Therefore, it is necessary to implement strategies to disseminate that blood donation is a privilege and donors must have a lifestyle that allows being in a position to be able to carry out this act of solidarity, including having an excellent state of health, adequate dietary hygiene habits, and a lifestyle free of risky behaviors, which includes the non-use of substances as well as a sexual behavior free from situations of exposure to infectious agents transmitted by transfusion. In particular, this point has been controversial, since some groups of the LGBT community have interpreted it as discrimination. The aim of this article is to highlight the difference between the risk factor, particularly for patients who require blood-components for their treatment and sexual behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Simbrón-Juárez
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Coordinación de Calidad de Insumos y Laboratorios Especializados, Unidad de Atención Primaria a la Salud. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Azarael Oscar Cruz-Cruz
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez", Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alexis Ignacio Galván-Bobadilla
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez", Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez", Unidad Complementaria Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, México
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cedeño-Cuellar MC, Luna-Vargas AK, García-Hernández ET, Vargas-Madrid SY, Sánchez-Cañas JA, Galván-Bobadilla AI, Cuevas-García CF, Benítez-Arvizu G. [Anti-SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in administrative staff of the Mexican Institute for Social Security]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2022; 60:297-303. [PMID: 35763356 PMCID: PMC10396060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asymptomatic subjects, the lack of diagnostic tests and, in countries like Mexico, the epidemiological surveillance method does not allow to establish the real number of infections in the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontline health personnel, as well as other groups related to priority activities are considered of high risk. We included administrative workers in contact with health personnel in the hospital units of the Mexican Institute for Social Security (IMSS, according to its initials in Spanish). OBJECTIVE To identify the seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in IMSS' administrative staff who does not treat patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS 76 volunteer participating individuals were incluided; IgG antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein were measured. A questionnaire was administered to the participants in order to identify possible risk factors. RESULTS 76 participants were included (39 men, 51.7%), with a median age of 42 years. 29 out of 76 subjects (38.2%), whose median age was 38 years (range 18-69 years); 15 men (51.7%), and 14 women (48.3%). A higher percentage of positive subjects under 45 years of age (n = 20, 84.2%) was observed than those aged 45 or over (n = 9, 25%), with an OR of 3 (95% CI 1.13-7.96, p = 0.03). No statistically significant difference was found regarding the type of comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence identified shows an important circulation of the virus in the administrative staff.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Cristina Cedeño-Cuellar
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez", Servicio de Medicina Interna. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ana Karen Luna-Vargas
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades"Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez", Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Erendira Tonantzin García-Hernández
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades"Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez", Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Silvia Yolanda Vargas-Madrid
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades"Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez", Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, México
| | - José Alberto Sánchez-Cañas
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades"Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez", Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alexis Ignacio Galván-Bobadilla
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades"Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez", Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Carlos Fredy Cuevas-García
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez", Dirección General. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades"Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez", Banco de Sangre. Ciudad de México, México
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Barquera R, Bravo-Acevedo A, Clayton S, Munguía TJR, Hernández-Zaragoza DI, Adalid-Sáinz C, Arrieta-Bolaños E, Aquino-Rubio G, González-Martínez MDR, Lona-Sánchez A, Martínez-Álvarez JC, Arrazola-García MA, Delgado-Aguirre H, González-Medina L, Pacheco-Ubaldo H, Juárez-Barreto V, Benítez-Arvizu G, Escareño-Montiel N, Juárez-de la Cruz F, Jaramillo-Rodríguez Y, Salgado-Adame A, Zúñiga J, Yunis EJ, Bekker-Méndez C, Granados J. Genetic diversity of HLA system in two populations from Nuevo León, Mexico: Monterrey and rural Nuevo León. Hum Immunol 2020; 81:516-518. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
16
|
Barquera R, Juárez-Nicolás F, Martínez-Álvarez JC, Ponnandai-Shanmugavel KS, Hernández-Zaragoza DI, Vázquez-Castillo TV, Arrieta-Bolaños E, Clayton S, Solís-Martínez R, Ortega-Yáñez A, Arrazola-García MA, Immel A, Bravo-Acevedo A, Vega-Martínez MDR, Benítez-Arvizu G, García-Álvarez R, Martínez-Bezies V, Escutia-González A, Juárez-Barreto V, Salgado-Galicia N, Novelo-Garza B, Zúñiga J, Yunis EJ, Bekker-Méndez C, Granados J. Genetic diversity of HLA system in two populations from Chiapas, Mexico: Tuxtla Gutiérrez and rural Chiapas. Hum Immunol 2020; 81:563-565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.07.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
17
|
Barquera R, Martínez-Álvarez JC, Hernández-Zaragoza DI, Bravo-Acevedo A, Juárez-Nicolás F, Arriaga-Perea AJ, Vega-Martínez MDR, Ortega-Yáñez A, Benítez-Arvizu G, Arrieta-Bolaños E, Clayton S, Juárez-Cortés ED, López-Gil C, García-Álvarez R, Arrazola-García MA, Martínez-Bezies V, Juárez-Barreto V, Ramos-de la Cruz FDR, Macías-Medrano RM, Méndez-Mani P, Escutia-González A, Montiel-Hernández GD, Immel A, Pavón-Vargas MDLÁ, Salgado-Galicia N, Novelo-Garza B, Zúñiga J, Yunis EJ, Bekker-Méndez C, Granados J. Genetic diversity of HLA system in six populations from Mexico City Metropolitan Area, Mexico: Mexico City North, Mexico City South, Mexico City East, Mexico City West, Mexico City Center and rural Mexico City. Hum Immunol 2020; 81:539-543. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.07.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
18
|
Juárez-Nicolás F, Barquera R, Martínez-Álvarez JC, Hernández-Zaragoza DI, Ortega-Yáñez A, Arrieta-Bolaños E, Clayton S, Bravo-Acevedo A, Arrazola-García MA, Immel A, Juárez-Barreto V, Benítez-Arvizu G, Vega-Martínez MDR, García-Álvarez R, Martínez-Bezies V, Escutia-González AB, Díaz-López R, Guizar-López GU, Salgado-Galicia N, Zúñiga J, Yunis EJ, Bekker-Méndez C, Granados J. Genetic diversity of HLA system in a population from Guerrero, Mexico. Hum Immunol 2020; 81:550-552. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
19
|
Barquera R, Martínez-Álvarez JC, Trejo-Ordoz AV, Pavón-Vargas MDLÁ, Vega-Martínez MDR, Arrieta-Bolaños E, Clayton S, Ortega-Yáñez A, Juárez-Cortés ED, Juárez-Nicolás F, López-Gil C, Immel A, Arrazola-García MA, Juárez-Barreto V, Benítez-Arvizu G, Arriaga-Perea AJ, Martínez-Bezies V, Macías-Medrano RM, Ramos-de la Cruz FDR, Hernández-Zaragoza DI, Bravo-Acevedo A, Méndez-Mani P, Escutia-González AB, Montiel-Hernández GD, García-Álvarez R, Salgado-Galicia N, Novelo-Garza B, Zúñiga J, Yunis EJ, Bekker-Méndez C, Granados J. Genetic diversity of HLA system in two populations from Hidalgo, Mexico: Pachuca and rural Hidalgo. Hum Immunol 2020; 81:535-538. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.07.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
20
|
Bravo-Acevedo A, Barquera R, Arrieta-Bolaños E, Hernández-Zaragoza DI, Clayton S, Goné-Vázquez I, Escobedo-Ruíz A, Pantoja-Torres JA, Adalid-Sáinz C, Pacheco-Ubaldo H, Martínez-Álvarez JC, González-Martínez MDR, Lona-Sánchez A, González-Medina L, Escareño-Montiel N, Arrazola-García MA, Juárez-Barreto V, Benítez-Arvizu G, Delgado-Aguirre H, Sánchez-Fernández MGDJ, Sandoval-Sandoval MJ, Jaramillo-Rodríguez Y, Gómez-Navarro B, Salgado-Adame A, Juárez-de la Cruz F, Zúñiga J, Yunis EJ, Bekker-Méndez C, Granados J. Genetic diversity of HLA system in a population sample from Aguascalientes, Mexico. Hum Immunol 2020; 81:519-521. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
21
|
Barquera R, Hernández-Zaragoza DI, Bravo-Acevedo A, Arrieta-Bolaños E, Clayton S, Acuña-Alonzo V, Martínez-Álvarez JC, López-Gil C, Adalid-Sáinz C, Vega-Martínez MDR, Escobedo-Ruíz A, Juárez-Cortés ED, Immel A, Pacheco-Ubaldo H, González-Medina L, Lona-Sánchez A, Lara-Riegos J, Sánchez-Fernández MGDJ, Díaz-López R, Guizar-López GU, Medina-Escobedo CE, Arrazola-García MA, Montiel-Hernández GD, Hernández-Hernández O, Ramos-de la Cruz FDR, Juárez-Nicolás F, Pantoja-Torres JA, Rodríguez-Munguía TJ, Juárez-Barreto V, Delgado-Aguirre H, Escutia-González AB, Goné-Vázquez I, Benítez-Arvizu G, Arellano-Prado FP, García-Arias VE, Rodríguez-López ME, Méndez-Mani P, García-Álvarez R, González-Martínez MDR, Aquino-Rubio G, Escareño-Montiel N, Vázquez-Castillo TV, Uribe-Duarte MG, Ruíz-Corral MDJ, Ortega-Yáñez A, Bernal-Felipe N, Gómez-Navarro B, Arriaga-Perea AJ, Martínez-Bezies V, Macías-Medrano RM, Aguilar-Campos JA, Solís-Martínez R, Serrano-Osuna R, Sandoval-Sandoval MJ, Jaramillo-Rodríguez Y, Salgado-Adame A, Juárez-de la Cruz F, Novelo-Garza B, Pavón-Vargas MDLÁ, Salgado-Galicia N, Bortolini MC, Gallo C, Bedoya G, Rothhammer F, González-José R, Ruiz-Linares A, Canizales-Quinteros S, Romero-Hidalgo S, Krause J, Zúñiga J, Yunis EJ, Bekker-Méndez C, Granados J. The immunogenetic diversity of the HLA system in Mexico correlates with underlying population genetic structure. Hum Immunol 2020; 81:461-474. [PMID: 32651014 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We studied HLA class I (HLA-A, -B) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQB1) allele groups and alleles by PCR-SSP based typing in a total of 15,318 mixed ancestry Mexicans from all the states of the country divided into 78 sample sets, providing information regarding allelic and haplotypic frequencies and their linkage disequilibrium, as well as admixture estimates and genetic substructure. We identified the presence of 4268 unique HLA extended haplotypes across Mexico and find that the ten most frequent (HF > 1%) HLA haplotypes with significant linkage disequilibrium (Δ'≥0.1) in Mexico (accounting for 20% of the haplotypic diversity of the country) are of primarily Native American ancestry (A*02~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*35~DRB1*08~DQB1*04, A*68~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*24~B*39~DRB1*14~DQB1*03:01, A*24~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*24~B*39~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*40:02~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*68~B*35~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02, A*02~B*15:01~DRB1*04~DQB1*03:02). Admixture estimates obtained by a maximum likelihood method using HLA-A/-B/-DRB1 as genetic estimators revealed that the main genetic components in Mexico as a whole are Native American (ranging from 37.8% in the northern part of the country to 81.5% in the southeastern region) and European (ranging from 11.5% in the southeast to 62.6% in northern Mexico). African admixture ranged from 0.0 to 12.7% not following any specific pattern. We were able to detect three major immunogenetic clusters correlating with genetic diversity and differential admixture within Mexico: North, Central and Southeast, which is in accordance with previous reports using genome-wide data. Our findings provide insights into the population immunogenetic substructure of the whole country and add to the knowledge of mixed ancestry Latin American population genetics, important for disease association studies, detection of demographic signatures on population variation and improved allocation of public health resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Barquera
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Jena, Germany; Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia (ENAH), Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Diana Iraíz Hernández-Zaragoza
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia (ENAH), Mexico City, Mexico; Immunogenetics Unit, Técnicas Genéticas Aplicadas a la Clínica (TGAC), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alicia Bravo-Acevedo
- Blood Bank, UMAE Hospital de Gineco Obstetricia No. 4 "Luis Castelazo Ayala", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Stephen Clayton
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Jena, Germany
| | - Víctor Acuña-Alonzo
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia (ENAH), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julio César Martínez-Álvarez
- HLA Laboratory, Central Blood Bank, Hospital de Especialidades, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE), Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Concepción López-Gil
- Histocompatibility Laboratory, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 6, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Carmen Adalid-Sáinz
- Laboratory of Histocompatibility, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 71, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - María Del Rosario Vega-Martínez
- Molecular Biology and Histocompatibility Laboratory, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad, Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Araceli Escobedo-Ruíz
- Histocompatibility Laboratory, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente (CMNO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Eva Dolores Juárez-Cortés
- Histocompatibility Laboratory, Central Blood Bank, Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alexander Immel
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Jena, Germany; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Kiel University, University Hospital, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Hanna Pacheco-Ubaldo
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia (ENAH), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Liliana González-Medina
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia (ENAH), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Abraham Lona-Sánchez
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia (ENAH), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julio Lara-Riegos
- Chemistry Faculty, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (UADY), Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - María Guadalupe de Jesús Sánchez-Fernández
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Unit, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente (CMNO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Rosario Díaz-López
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital Central Militar, Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional (SEDENA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gregorio Ulises Guizar-López
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital Central Militar, Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional (SEDENA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carolina Elizabeth Medina-Escobedo
- Unit of Research and Education in Health, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 10, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - María Araceli Arrazola-García
- HLA Laboratory, Central Blood Bank, Hospital de Especialidades, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE), Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Flor Del Rocío Ramos-de la Cruz
- Histocompatibility Laboratory, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 6, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | | | - Jorge Arturo Pantoja-Torres
- Immunology Division, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Tirzo Jesús Rodríguez-Munguía
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital General "Norberto Treviño Zapata", Dirección de Servicios de Salud de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | | | - Héctor Delgado-Aguirre
- Laboratory of Histocompatibility, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 71, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | | | - Isis Goné-Vázquez
- Histocompatibility Laboratory, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente (CMNO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- HLA Laboratory, Central Blood Bank, Hospital de Especialidades, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE), Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francia Paulina Arellano-Prado
- Pediatrics Hospital, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente (CMNO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Víctor Eduardo García-Arias
- Pediatrics Hospital, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente (CMNO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Marla Estefanía Rodríguez-López
- Pediatrics Hospital, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente (CMNO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Patricia Méndez-Mani
- Histocompatibility Laboratory, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 6, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Raquel García-Álvarez
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Guadalupe Aquino-Rubio
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital General "Norberto Treviño Zapata", Dirección de Servicios de Salud de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Néstor Escareño-Montiel
- Department of Transplantation, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 71, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | | | - María Guadalupe Uribe-Duarte
- Clinical Laboratory, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 2, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico
| | - María de Jesús Ruíz-Corral
- Clinical Laboratory, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 2, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Andrea Ortega-Yáñez
- Department of Development Genetics and Molecular Physiology, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | - Benjamín Gómez-Navarro
- Central Office of Nephrology, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente (CMNO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Agustín Jericó Arriaga-Perea
- Histocompatibility Laboratory, Central Blood Bank, Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Rosa María Macías-Medrano
- Histocompatibility Laboratory, Central Blood Bank, Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jesús Abraham Aguilar-Campos
- Clinical Laboratory, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 2, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Raúl Solís-Martínez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Laboratorios Diagnóstica, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Serrano-Osuna
- Clinical Laboratory, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 2, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Mario J Sandoval-Sandoval
- Central Office of Transplantation, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente (CMNO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Health Research Division, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 71, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Yolanda Jaramillo-Rodríguez
- Direction of Health Education and Research, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 71, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Antonio Salgado-Adame
- Direction of Health Education and Research, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 71, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Federico Juárez-de la Cruz
- Department of Transplantation, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 71, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Bárbara Novelo-Garza
- Medical Infrastructure Planning Committee, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María de Los Ángeles Pavón-Vargas
- Histocompatibility Laboratory, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) # 6, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Norma Salgado-Galicia
- Molecular Biology and Histocompatibility Laboratory, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad, Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Cátira Bortolini
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carla Gallo
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Gabriel Bedoya
- Genética Molecular (GENMOL, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Francisco Rothhammer
- Programa de Genética Humana, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - Rolando González-José
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas-Centro Nacional Patagónico, CONICET, Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Andrés Ruiz-Linares
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France
| | - Samuel Canizales-Quinteros
- Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sandra Romero-Hidalgo
- Department of Computational Genomics, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Johannes Krause
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Jena, Germany
| | - Joaquín Zúñiga
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edmond J Yunis
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carolina Bekker-Méndez
- Immunology and Infectology Research Unit, Infectology Hospital, Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julio Granados
- Department of Transplantation, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán" (INCMNSZ), Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Benítez-Arvizu G, Novelo-Garza B, Mendoza-Valdez AL, Galván-Cervantes J, Morales-Rojas A. [Excessive spending by misuse of clinical laboratory]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2016; 54 Suppl 2:S216-S223. [PMID: 27561028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Seventy five percent or more of a diagnosis comes from a proper medical history along with an excellent physical examination. This leaves to the clinical laboratory the function of supporting the findings, determining prognosis, classifying the diseases, monitoring the diseases and, in the minimum of cases, establishing the diagnosis. In recent years there has been a global phenomenon in which the allocation of resources to health care has grown in an excessive way; the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social is not an exception with an increase of 29 % from 2009 to 2011; therefore, it is necessary to set containment and reduction without compromising the quality of patient care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Unidad Complementaria del Banco Central de Sangre, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Benítez-Arvizu G, Palma-Lara I, Alcántara-Quintana LE. [Stem cells biobanks for cell therapy. A reality in Mexico]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2014; 52:244-247. [PMID: 24878077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The storage and acquisition of human tissue samples have always been present in medicine for centuries; however, biobanks activity has only recently appeared as such. The aim of this review is to give a global perspective of the positioning of biobanks, particularly an overview of what happens in Mexico. One of the main challenges of our country is to establish concerted actions, in wich biobank networks will be developed and have the opportunity to share and create new science, and to build bridges to facilitate improved practices and standardization of biobanks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Banco de Sangre, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Distrito Federal, México.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Benítez-Arvizu G, Martínez S, Guerra Á, Luna F, Romero Y, Novelo-Garza BA. [Two different techniques for volume blood reduction obtained from umbilical cord]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2010; 48:443-446. [PMID: 21194516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To preserve the umbilical cord blood (UCB), the volume containing the cells must be reduced before freezing, but the quality, quantity and functionality of the cells has to be preserved during this procedure. The aim is to compare the performance of two different techniques for volume reduction. METHODS A semiautomatic system and an automatic system were compared as two different UCB volume reduction techniques. Total nucleated cell (TNC) counts and viability were measured before and after volume reduction. The CD34+ cell counts also were measured. RESULTS Seventy units of cord blood cells (UCB) were collected. Thirty-three volume reduction procedures were performed by semiautomatic system and thirty-seven by automatic system. The volume recovered and the CD34+ count in both techniques was similar, although the viability differed slightly (1% higher by Optipress II). CONCLUSIONS The semiautomatic and automatic techniques are suitable to reduce volumes of UCB units.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Banco Central de Sangre, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Distrito Federal, México.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Novelo-Garza BA, Benítez-Arvizu G, Peña-Benítez A, Galván-Cervantes J, Morales-Rojas A. [Detection of Trypanosoma cruzi in blood donors]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2010; 48:139-144. [PMID: 20929616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American trypanosomiasis is the second parasitic disease in importance after paludism and one of the main mechanism of transmission is a blood transfusion. Our objective was to measure the effect the Tripanosoma Cruzi screening test in blood banks in the Mexican Institute of Social Security. METHODS Information was obtained from each unit of blood collected. The Tripanosoma cruzi prevalence was calculated only in samples with double reactivity in the blood banks. RESULTS Of 71 blood banks, only 26 had been doing T. Cruzi screen; after implementation of integrated services 55 are doing the screening. There were 935 donors with double reactivity to the T. Cruzi test from 230,074 samples. The national prevalence was 0.406%. The seroprevalence was 0.013% to 3.118%. CONCLUSIONS The screening of the T. cruzi improved the detection and increased the safety and the prevention of its transmission by blood transfusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Alicia Novelo-Garza
- Coordinación de Planeación de Infraestructura Médica, Dirección de Prestaciones Médicas, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Distrito Federal, Mexico.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Benítez-Arvizu G, Cortez-Gómez R, Novelo-Garza BA, Malagón-Martínez A, Guerra-Márquez A, Alvarado-Maldonado MDC, Rodríguez-Bartolo M, Argüelles-Pimentel RM, Sánchez-Barrera RG. [Prevalence of hepatitis C virus in the blood bank at Centro Médico Nacional La Raza]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2006; 44:227-33. [PMID: 16870116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are no records on the prevalence of infection by HCV in Mexican population. The central area of Mexico is a highly dense demographic zone and is the influence area of the second blood bank in Latin America in terms of affluence. MATERIAL AND METHODS We prospectively studied the prevalence and genotypes of HCV infection in 5105 individuals attending the Central Blood Bank of Centro Médico Nacional La Raza regardless if they were accepted or rejected as donors. We applied a quimiolumiscence assay as a screening test. A recombinant immunoassay (RIBA) and a qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed as confirmatory tests and to detect viremia, respectively. Virus genotype was identified by means of a Line Immuno Probe Assay in PCR positive samples. RESULTS The overall prevalence of HCV infection was 0.195% (10/5105). Viremia was detected in 90% of the subjects. The prevalence of accepted donors (0.087%) was significantly lower (p = 0.017) than that of the rejected ones (0.421%). Among viremic subjects, 60 % were infected with genotype 2 and 40% with a subtype combination (a/b) of genotype 1. DISCUSSION The prevalence of HCV infection in our population was significantly lower than the world mean prevalence estimated in 3 %. A higher prevalence of genotype 2 in asymptomatic individuals contrasts with previous studies with a selected population where genotype 1 prevailed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gamaliel Benítez-Arvizu
- Banco Central de Sangre, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Distrito Federal, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|