1
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Pedersen PS, Blakemore DC, Chinigo GM, Knauber T, MacMillan DWC. One-Pot Synthesis of Sulfonamides from Unactivated Acids and Amines via Aromatic Decarboxylative Halosulfonylation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21189-21196. [PMID: 37729614 PMCID: PMC10680120 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The coupling of carboxylic acids and amines to form amide linkages is the most commonly performed reaction in the pharmaceutical industry. Herein, we report a new strategy that merges these traditional amide coupling partners to generate sulfonamides, important amide bioisosteres. This method leverages copper ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) to convert aromatic acids to sulfonyl chlorides, followed by one-pot amination to form the corresponding sulfonamide. This process requires no prefunctionalization of the native acid or amine and extends to a diverse set of aryl, heteroaryl, and s-rich aliphatic substrates. Further, we extend this strategy to the synthesis of (hetero)aryl sulfonyl fluorides, which have found utility as "click" handles in chemical probes and programmable bifunctional reagents. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of these protocols in pharmaceutical analogue synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Scott Pedersen
- Merck Center for Catalysis, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - David C Blakemore
- Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Gary M Chinigo
- Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Thomas Knauber
- Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer, Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - David W C MacMillan
- Merck Center for Catalysis, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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2
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Allais C, Bernhardson D, Brown AR, Chinigo GM, Desrosiers JN, DiRico KJ, Hotham I, Jones BP, Kulkarni SA, Lewis CA, Lira R, Loach RP, Morse PD, Mousseau JJ, Perry MA, Peng Z, Place DW, Rane AM, Samp L, Singer RA, Wang Z, Weisenburger GA, Yayla HG, Zanghi JM. Early Clinical Development of Lufotrelvir as a Potential Therapy for COVID-19. Org Process Res Dev 2023:acs.oprd.2c00375. [PMID: 37552749 PMCID: PMC9924092 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lufotrelvir was designed as a first in class 3CL protease inhibitor to treat COVID-19. Development of lufotrelvir was challenged by its relatively poor stability due to its propensity to epimerize and degrade. Key elements of process development included improvement of the supply routes to the indole and lactam fragments, a Claisen addition to homologate the lactam, and a subsequent phosphorylation reaction to prepare the prodrug as well as identification of a DMSO solvated form of lufotrelvir to enable long-term storage. As a new approach to preparing the indole fragment, a Cu-catalyzed C-O coupling using oxalamide ligands was demonstrated. The control of process-related impurities was essential to accommodate the parenteral formulation. Isolation of an MEK solvate followed by the DMSO solvate ensured that all impurities were controlled appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Allais
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - David Bernhardson
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Adam R. Brown
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Gary M. Chinigo
- Medicine Design, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | | | - Kenneth J. DiRico
- Medicine Design, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Ian Hotham
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Brian P. Jones
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Samir A. Kulkarni
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Chad A. Lewis
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Ricardo Lira
- Medicine Design, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Richard P. Loach
- Medicine Design, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Peter D. Morse
- Medicine Design, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - James J. Mousseau
- Medicine Design, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Matthew A. Perry
- Medicine Design, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Zhihui Peng
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - David W. Place
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Anil M. Rane
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Lacey Samp
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Robert A. Singer
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Zheng Wang
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | | | - Hatice G. Yayla
- Medicine Design, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Joseph M. Zanghi
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
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3
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Cervantes-Reyes A, Smith AC, Chinigo GM, Blakemore DC, Szostak M. Decarbonylative Pd-Catalyzed Suzuki Cross-Coupling for the Synthesis of Structurally Diverse Heterobiaryls. Org Lett 2022; 24:1678-1683. [PMID: 35200025 PMCID: PMC9069322 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heteroaromatic biaryls are core scaffolds found in a plethora of pharmaceuticals; however, their direct synthesis by the Suzuki cross-coupling is limited to heteroaromatic halide starting materials. Here, we report a direct synthesis of diverse nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic biaryls by Pd-catalyzed decarbonylative Suzuki cross-coupling of widely available heterocyclic carboxylic acids with arylboronic acids. The practical and modular nature of this cross-coupling enabled the straightforward preparation of >45 heterobiaryl products using pyridines, pyrimidines, pyrazines, and quinolines in excellent yields. We anticipate that the modular nature of this protocol will find broad application in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Cervantes-Reyes
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Aaron C. Smith
- Medicine Design, Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Gary M. Chinigo
- Medicine Design, Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | | | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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4
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Mousseau JJ, Perry MA, Bundesmann MW, Chinigo GM, Choi C, Gallego GM, Hicklin RW, Hoy S, Limburg DC, Sach NW, Zhang Y. Correction to “Automated Nanomole-Scale Reaction Screening toward Benzoate Bioisosteres: A Photocatalyzed Approach to Highly Elaborated Bicyclo[1.1.1]Pentanes”. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Mousseau JJ, Perry MA, Bundesmann MW, Chinigo GM, Choi C, Gallego G, Hicklin RW, Hoy S, Limburg DC, Sach NW, Zhang Y. Automated Nanomole-Scale Reaction Screening toward Benzoate Bioisosteres: A Photocatalyzed Approach to Highly Elaborated Bicyclo[1.1.1]Pentanes. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James J. Mousseau
- Pfizer Medicine Design, 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Matthew A. Perry
- Pfizer Medicine Design, 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Mark W. Bundesmann
- Pfizer Medicine Design, 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Gary M. Chinigo
- Pfizer Medicine Design, 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Chulho Choi
- Pfizer Medicine Design, 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Gary Gallego
- Pfizer La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Robert W. Hicklin
- Pfizer Medicine Design, 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Susan Hoy
- Pfizer Medicine Design, 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - David C. Limburg
- Pfizer Medicine Design, 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Neal W. Sach
- Pfizer La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Pfizer Medicine Design, 610 Main St., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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6
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Nuhant P, Oderinde MS, Genovino J, Juneau A, Gagné Y, Allais C, Chinigo GM, Choi C, Sach NW, Bernier L, Fobian YM, Bundesmann MW, Khunte B, Frenette M, Fadeyi OO. Visible-Light-Initiated Manganese Catalysis for C−H Alkylation of Heteroarenes: Applications and Mechanistic Studies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Nuhant
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Martins S. Oderinde
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Julien Genovino
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Antoine Juneau
- Department de Chimie; Université du Québec á Montréal; Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Quebec H3C 3P8 Canada
| | - Yohann Gagné
- Department de Chimie; Université du Québec á Montréal; Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Quebec H3C 3P8 Canada
| | - Christophe Allais
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Gary M. Chinigo
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Chulho Choi
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Neal W. Sach
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Louise Bernier
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Yvette M. Fobian
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Mark W. Bundesmann
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Bhagyashree Khunte
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Mathieu Frenette
- Department de Chimie; Université du Québec á Montréal; Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Quebec H3C 3P8 Canada
| | - Olugbeminiyi O. Fadeyi
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
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7
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Nuhant P, Oderinde MS, Genovino J, Juneau A, Gagné Y, Allais C, Chinigo GM, Choi C, Sach NW, Bernier L, Fobian YM, Bundesmann MW, Khunte B, Frenette M, Fadeyi OO. Visible-Light-Initiated Manganese Catalysis for C−H Alkylation of Heteroarenes: Applications and Mechanistic Studies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:15309-15313. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Nuhant
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Martins S. Oderinde
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Julien Genovino
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Antoine Juneau
- Department de Chimie; Université du Québec á Montréal; Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Quebec H3C 3P8 Canada
| | - Yohann Gagné
- Department de Chimie; Université du Québec á Montréal; Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Quebec H3C 3P8 Canada
| | - Christophe Allais
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Gary M. Chinigo
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Chulho Choi
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Neal W. Sach
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Louise Bernier
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Yvette M. Fobian
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Mark W. Bundesmann
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Bhagyashree Khunte
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Mathieu Frenette
- Department de Chimie; Université du Québec á Montréal; Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Quebec H3C 3P8 Canada
| | - Olugbeminiyi O. Fadeyi
- Pfizer Medicine Design & Oncology Medicinal Chemistry; 445 Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
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8
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Breder A, Chinigo GM, Waltman AW, Carreira EM. Towards the Synthesis of Massadine: A Unified Strategy for the Stereoselective Synthesis of the Carbocyclic C,D-Ring Subunit. Chemistry 2011; 17:12405-16. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary M. Chinigo
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Breder
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Erick M. Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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10
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Chinigo GM, Paige M, Grindrod S, Hamel E, Dakshanamurthy S, Chruszcz M, Minor W, Brown ML. Asymmetric synthesis of 2,3-dihydro-2-arylquinazolin-4-ones: methodology and application to a potent fluorescent tubulin inhibitor with anticancer activity. J Med Chem 2008. [PMID: 18610995 DOI: 10.1021/jm800271c.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
For several decades the 2,3-dihydroquinazolinone (DHQZ) heterocycle has been known to possess a variety of important biological and medicinal properties. Despite the many interesting facets of these molecules, synthetic access to nonracemic DHQZ analogues has remained elusive. Herein, we disclose a synthetic route that allows access to either enantiomer of a variety of DHQZ derivatives. We illustrate the utility of this chemistry with the asymmetric preparation and biological evaluation of a new chiral fluorescent tubulin binding agent with extremely potent antiproliferative properties against human cancer cells. A computational rationale for the increased potency of the (S)-enantiomer over the (R)-enantiomer is given, based on the crystal structure of alpha,beta-tubulin complexed with colchicine. Taking advantage of the inherent fluorescence of these molecules, confocal images of GMC-5-193 (compound 7) in the cytoplasm of human melanoma cells (MDA-MB-435) cells are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary M Chinigo
- Department of Chemistry, UniVersity of Virginia, CharlottesVille, Virginia 22904, USA
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11
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Chinigo GM, Paige M, Grindrod S, Hamel E, Dakshanamurthy S, Chruszcz M, Minor W, Brown ML. Asymmetric synthesis of 2,3-dihydro-2-arylquinazolin-4-ones: methodology and application to a potent fluorescent tubulin inhibitor with anticancer activity. J Med Chem 2008; 51:4620-31. [PMID: 18610995 DOI: 10.1021/jm800271c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
For several decades the 2,3-dihydroquinazolinone (DHQZ) heterocycle has been known to possess a variety of important biological and medicinal properties. Despite the many interesting facets of these molecules, synthetic access to nonracemic DHQZ analogues has remained elusive. Herein, we disclose a synthetic route that allows access to either enantiomer of a variety of DHQZ derivatives. We illustrate the utility of this chemistry with the asymmetric preparation and biological evaluation of a new chiral fluorescent tubulin binding agent with extremely potent antiproliferative properties against human cancer cells. A computational rationale for the increased potency of the (S)-enantiomer over the (R)-enantiomer is given, based on the crystal structure of alpha,beta-tubulin complexed with colchicine. Taking advantage of the inherent fluorescence of these molecules, confocal images of GMC-5-193 (compound 7) in the cytoplasm of human melanoma cells (MDA-MB-435) cells are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary M Chinigo
- Department of Chemistry, UniVersity of Virginia, CharlottesVille, Virginia 22904, USA
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12
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Hwang SH, Rait A, Pirollo KF, Zhou Q, Yenugonda VM, Chinigo GM, Brown ML, Chang EH. Tumor-targeting nanodelivery enhances the anticancer activity of a novel quinazolinone analogue. Mol Cancer Ther 2008; 7:559-68. [PMID: 18347143 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-07-0548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
GMC-5-193 (GMC) is a novel anticancer small-molecule quinazolinone analogue with properties that include antimicrotubule activity and inherent fluorescence. The aim of this study was to produce and optimize a systemically administered liposomal formulation for tumor-targeting delivery of GMC to enhance the anticancer effect of this compound and evaluate its bioefficacy. GMC was encapsulated within a cationic liposome, which was decorated on the surface with an anti-transferrin receptor single-chain antibody fragment (TfRscFv) as the tumor-targeting moiety to form a nanoscale complex (scL/GMC). Confocal imaging of fluorescent GMC uptake in a human melanoma cell line, MDA-MB-435, showed higher cellular uptake of GMC when delivered via the liposome complex compared with free GMC. Delivery of GMC by the tumor-targeting liposome nanoimmunocomplex also resulted in a 3- to 4-fold decrease in IC(50) values in human cancer cells [DU145 (prostate) and MDA-MB-435] compared with the effects of GMC administered as free GMC. In addition, the GMC nanoimmunocomplex increased the sensitivity of cancer cells to doxorubicin, docetaxel, or mitoxantrone by approximately 3- to 30-fold. In the MDA435/LCC6 athymic nude mice xenograft lung metastases model, GMC was specifically delivered to tumors by the nanoimmunocomplex. These data show that incorporation of small-molecule therapeutic GMC within the tumor-targeting liposome nanocomplex enhances its anticancer effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057-1469, USA
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