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Alterisio MC, Micieli F, Valle GD, Chiavaccini L, Vesce G, Ciaramella P, Guccione J. Cardiovascular changes, laboratory findings and pain scores in calves undergoing ultrasonography-guided bilateral rectus sheath block before herniorrhaphy: a prospective randomized clinical trial. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:191. [PMID: 37798785 PMCID: PMC10552199 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to assess the clinical utility of a multiparametric approach to measure the impact of bilateral ultrasound-guided rectus sheath blocks (RSB) on heart rate, serum cortisol concentrations, and pain in calves undergoing herniorraphy. Fourteen calves were randomly assigned to receive either the RSB (RSB group, n = 7, injected with 0.3 mL/kg of bupivacaine 0.25% and 0.15 µg/kg of dexmedetomidine per side) or a sham injection (CG group, n = 7, injected with an equivalent volume of sterile saline solution). Monitoring included (i) continuous Holter recording from 120 min pre-surgery to 120 min post-surgery; (ii) serum cortisol concentration (SC) at -150 min pre-surgery (baseline), induction time, skin incision, end of surgical procedure (EP-t), and then 30 min, 45 min, 60 min, 120 min, 360 min after recovery; (iii) UNESP-Botucatu pain evaluation at -150 min pre-surgery and 30 min, 45 min, 60 min, 120 min, 240 min, 360 min after recovery. RESULTS A significant difference in the heart rate was observed within the RSB group, in the time frame between 120 min to induction compared to the time frame between induction to EP-t period. The SC concentration was significantly higher in the CG at the skin incision. Calves in the RSB group recorded significantly lower pain scores at 45 min, 60 min, 120 and 240 min after recovery. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that monitoring heart rate and serum cortisol concentrations effectively quantified the effects of RSB during surgery. At the same time, the UNESP-Botucatu pain scale identified effects post-surgery when the calves regained consciousness. Overall, ultrasound-guided RSB appeared to enhance the well-being of calves undergoing herniorrhaphy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Alterisio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Delpino 1, Napoli, 80137, Italy
| | - Fabiana Micieli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Delpino 1, Napoli, 80137, Italy
| | - Giovanni Della Valle
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Delpino 1, Napoli, 80137, Italy
| | - Ludovica Chiavaccini
- Department of Comparative, Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, 32608, FL, USA
| | - Giancarlo Vesce
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Delpino 1, Napoli, 80137, Italy
| | - Paolo Ciaramella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Delpino 1, Napoli, 80137, Italy.
| | - Jacopo Guccione
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Delpino 1, Napoli, 80137, Italy
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Micieli F, Guccione J, Della Valle G, Alterisio MC, Ciaramella P, Vesce G, Chiavaccini L. Clinical efficacy of an ultrasound-guided bilateral rectus sheath block for umbilical hernia repair in calves: A prospective randomized trial. Front Pain Res (Lausanne) 2023; 4:1051504. [PMID: 36860331 PMCID: PMC9969087 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1051504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Surgical umbilical hernia repair is a frequent procedure in newborn calves, requiring mandatory pain management. This study aimed to develop an ultrasound-guided rectus sheath block (RSB) and to evaluate its clinical efficacy in calves undergoing umbilical herniorrhaphy under general field anesthesia. Methods Gross and ultrasound anatomy of the ventral abdomen and the diffusion of a new methylene blue solution after injection within the rectus sheath were described in seven fresh calf cadavers. Then, fourteen calves undergoing elective herniorrhaphy were randomly assigned to receive either bilateral ultrasound-guided RSB with 0.3 mL/kg of bupivacaine 0.25% and 0.15 µg/kg of dexmedetomidine or 0.3 mL/kg of 0.9% NaCl (control). Intraoperative data included cardiopulmonary variables and anesthetic requirements. Postoperative data included pain scores, sedation scores and peri-incisional mechanical threshold assessed by force algometry at specific time points after anesthetic recovery. Treatments were compared using Wilcoxon rank-sum, Student's t-test, and Cox proportional hazard model as appropriate. Mixed effect linear models on rank, with random effect calf; fixed effects time, treatment, and their interaction were used to compare pain scores and mechanical thresholds over time. Significance was set at p = 0.05. Results and Discussion Calves receiving RSB recorded lower pain scores between 45 - 120 minutes (p < 0.05) and at 240 min after recovery (p = 0.02). And they recorded higher mechanical thresholds between 45 and 120 min after surgery (p < 0.05). Ultrasound-guided RSB provided effective perioperative analgesia in calves undergoing herniorrhaphy under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Micieli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Jacopo Guccione
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Della Valle
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Alterisio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Ciaramella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Vesce
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Ludovica Chiavaccini
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,Correspondence: Ludovica Chiavaccini
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Greco A, Costanza D, Senatore A, Bruzzese D, Micieli F, Chiavaccini L, Di Giancamillo M, Della Valle G, Vesce G, Brunetti A, Meomartino L. A computed tomography-based method for the assessment of canine retrobulbar cone volume for ophthalmic anaesthesia. Vet Anaesth Analg 2021; 48:759-766. [PMID: 34391668 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a comprehensive formula for calculating the volume of local anaesthetic solution used for retrobulbar anaesthesia in dogs with different skull morphologies. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort imaging study. ANIMALS Skull computed tomography (CT) images of 188 dogs of different breeds collected between January 2009 and December 2017. METHODS Anatomical integrity of the orbit and adjacent structures, presenting complaint, clinical signs and CT findings were verified to exclude ocular abnormalities. The volume of the retrobulbar cone of 376 eyes was calculated using CT scans of the dogs' skulls. Additional data recorded included morphology of the skull, body weight, sex and size of the dogs, all of which were matched for possible association to the retrobulbar cone volume through univariable and multivariable linear regression models. Results of linear regression models were expressed as estimated beta coefficients with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). RESULTS Using univariate analysis, the retrobulbar cone volume was positively associated with weight and male sex. In addition, brachycephalic and dolichocephalic dogs showed a larger retrobulbar cone volume than mesocephalic dogs, while sex was no longer significantly associated with the retrobulbar cone volume. In multivariate analysis, when considering all variables in the model, weight emerged as the strongest predictor (beta coefficient: 0.062 mL kg-1, 95% CI: 0.056-0.067 mL kg-1, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS and clinical relevance In the veterinary literature, there is no agreement on the precise volume of local anaesthetic solution that should be used to achieve intraconal retrobulbar anaesthesia in dogs. Here we suggest a formula to calculate the retrobulbar cone volume and, accordingly, the injection volume of local anaesthetic solution for effective retrobulbar anaesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelaide Greco
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Radiologia Veterinaria, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Naples, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni animali, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Naples, Italy.
| | - Dario Costanza
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Radiologia Veterinaria, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Senatore
- Centro Intedipartimentale di Ricerca sui Biomateriali, Università degli Studi di Napoli 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Bruzzese
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Micieli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni animali, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Ludovica Chiavaccini
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Mauro Di Giancamillo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Della Valle
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni animali, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Vesce
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni animali, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Arturo Brunetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Avanzate, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Leonardo Meomartino
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Radiologia Veterinaria, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Naples, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni animali, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
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Micieli F, Mirra A, Santangelo B, Minichino A, Fuensalida SE, Milito M, Vesce G, Otero PE. Ultrasound-guided dorsal approach for the brachial plexus block in common kestrels (Falco tinnunculus): a cadaver study. Vet Anaesth Analg 2021; 48:617-621. [PMID: 34059457 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop an ultrasound-guided dorsal approach to the brachial plexus and to investigate the nerve distribution and staining of a dyed injectate in common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) cadavers. STUDY DESIGN Prospective, cadaver study. ANIMALS A group of three common kestrel cadavers (six wings). METHODS All cadavers were fresh-frozen at -20 °C and thawed for 10 hours at room temperature before the study. The cadavers were placed in sternal recumbency and their wings were abducted. A 8-13 MHz linear-array transducer was placed over the scapulohumeral joint, at the centre of a triangle formed by the scapula and the humerus. The brachial plexus was identified between the scapulohumeralis muscle and the pectoralis major muscle, as hypoechoic structures lying just cranially to the axillary vessels. After ultrasound-guided brachial plexus identification, a 22 gauge, 50 mm insulated needle was advanced in-plane using ultrasound visualization. A volume of 0.5 mL kg-1 of a 3:1 (2% lidocaine:methylene blue) solution was injected. Following cadaver dissection, the pattern of the spread was assessed, and the extent of nerve staining was measured with a calliper and deemed adequate if more than 0.6 cm of the nerve staining was achieved. RESULTS The brachial plexus was clearly identified in all wings with the dorsal approach. After dye injection, all the branches of the brachial plexus defined as nerves 1-5 (N1, N2, N3, N4 and N5) were completely stained in five (83%) and partially stained in one (17%) of the six wings. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The ultrasound-guided dorsal approach allows a clear visualization of the brachial plexus structure. The injection of 0.5 mL kg-1of a lidocaine/dye solution produced complete nerve staining in most cases. Further in vivo studies are mandatory to confirm the clinical efficacy of this locoregional anaesthesia technique in common kestrels (Falco tinnunculus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Micieli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Mirra
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Anaesthesiology and Pain Therapy Section, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bruna Santangelo
- Langford Vets, University of Bristol School of Veterinary Sciences, Langford, Bristol, UK
| | - Adriano Minichino
- Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Center, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Santiago E Fuensalida
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Michela Milito
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Vesce
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pablo E Otero
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Micieli F, Chiavaccini L, Mennonna G, Della Valle G, Prisco F, Meomartino L, Vesce G. An ultrasound-guided subparaneural approach to the sciatic nerve in the dog: a cadaver study. Vet Anaesth Analg 2020; 48:107-115. [PMID: 33339710 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2020.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the gross and microscopic anatomy of the sciatic nerve paraneural sheath and to report an ultrasound (US)-guided subparaneural approach to the sciatic nerve in dogs, comparing two different volumes of injectate. STUDY DESIGN Prospective, randomized, anatomical study. ANIMALS A group of nine middle-sized adult Mongrel canine cadavers (18 limbs). METHODS The sciatic nerves of three pelvic limbs of two canine cadavers were identified, exposed and isolated between the greater trochanter and the popliteal fossa for gross anatomical and microscopic examination. An additional three pelvic limbs were surgically dissected on the lateral surface of the limb; the sciatic nerves were isolated, and a 26 gauge over-the-needle catheter was inserted through the paraneural sheath under direct visualization. A methylene blue solution was then slowly injected into the subparaneural compartment through the catheter under US visualization using an 8-13 MHz linear-array transducer. Subsequently, 12 pelvic limbs (six cadavers) were randomly allocated to one of two groups; using US-guided percutaneous subparaneural approach, either 0.1 or 0.05 mL kg-1of a 1:1 solution of methylene blue and 0.5% bupivacaine was injected. The spread of the dye solution and the amount of nerve staining were macroscopically scored. The stained sciatic nerves with their sheaths were then harvested for microscopic examination. RESULTS The paraneural sciatic nerve sheath was easily identified distinct from the nerve trunk both macroscopically and with US visualization, and microscopically. Complete staining was achieved in five of six (83.3%) sciatic nerves in each group; no difference was found in the amount of staining between the two groups. Microscopically, no signs of sciatic nerve intraneural injection were observed. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The US-guided subparaneural injection of 0.05 mL kg-1 of a dye injectate resulted in satisfactory nerve staining without evidence of sciatic nerve intraneural injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Micieli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Ludovica Chiavaccini
- Department of Medical Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Giuseppina Mennonna
- Interdepartmental Center of Veterinary Radiology, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Della Valle
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Prisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Leonardo Meomartino
- Interdepartmental Center of Veterinary Radiology, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Vesce
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Micieli F, Chiavaccini L, Paré MD, Chagas JB, Vesce G, Gianotti G. Comparison of the sedative effects of alfaxalone and methadone with or without midazolam in dogs. Can Vet J 2019; 60:1060-1064. [PMID: 31597990 PMCID: PMC6741817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This blinded, randomized, prospective study evaluated the sedative and physiologic effects of a combination of alfaxalone and methadone with or without midazolam in adult dogs. Sixteen dogs received methadone (0.5 mg/kg body weight) and alfaxalone (1 mg/kg body weight), either with or without midazolam (0.5 mg/kg body weight), by intramuscular injection. Quality of sedation, heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic arterial pressure, rectal temperature, arterial oxygen saturation of hemoglobin, and dose of alfaxalone required for endotracheal intubation were recorded. Sedation score increased over time in both groups; however, dogs premedicated with methadone and alfaxalone appeared significantly less sedated than dogs premedicated with midazolam at 15, 20, and 25 minutes post-injection (P = 0.04). Dogs receiving methadone and alfaxalone were almost 5 times more likely to show excitement than those receiving midazolam (P = 0.03). We concluded that adding midazolam to an intramuscular combination of methadone and alfaxalone cannot be recommended in healthy dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Micieli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Italy (Micieli, Vesce); Department of Clinical Studies, Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (Chiavaccini, Paré, Gianotti); SVS Centre for Companion Animal Health, Massey University, New Zealand (Chagas)
| | - Ludovica Chiavaccini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Italy (Micieli, Vesce); Department of Clinical Studies, Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (Chiavaccini, Paré, Gianotti); SVS Centre for Companion Animal Health, Massey University, New Zealand (Chagas)
| | - Monique D Paré
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Italy (Micieli, Vesce); Department of Clinical Studies, Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (Chiavaccini, Paré, Gianotti); SVS Centre for Companion Animal Health, Massey University, New Zealand (Chagas)
| | - Joana Braun Chagas
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Italy (Micieli, Vesce); Department of Clinical Studies, Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (Chiavaccini, Paré, Gianotti); SVS Centre for Companion Animal Health, Massey University, New Zealand (Chagas)
| | - Giancarlo Vesce
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Italy (Micieli, Vesce); Department of Clinical Studies, Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (Chiavaccini, Paré, Gianotti); SVS Centre for Companion Animal Health, Massey University, New Zealand (Chagas)
| | - Giacomo Gianotti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Italy (Micieli, Vesce); Department of Clinical Studies, Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (Chiavaccini, Paré, Gianotti); SVS Centre for Companion Animal Health, Massey University, New Zealand (Chagas)
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Micieli F, Chiavaccini L, Lamagna B, Vesce G, Santangelo B. Comparison of intraocular pressure and pupil diameter after sedation with either acepromazine or dexmedetomidine in healthy dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg 2018; 45:667-672. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Micieli F, Santangelo B, Napoleone G, Di Dona F, Mennonna G, Vesce G. Intranasal fentanyl for acute severe pain episodes control in a dog. Vet Anaesth Analg 2017; 44:1400-1401. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Micieli F, Chiavaccini L, Lamagna B, Vesce G, Santangelo B. Comparison of intraocular pressure and pupillary diameter after premedication with either acepromazine or dexmedetomidine in healthy dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2017.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Micieli F, Duffee L, Chiavaccini L, Vesce G, Gianotti G. Evaluation of a combination of alfaxalone and methadone, with or without midazolam, for premedication in healthy dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Micieli F, Santangelo B, Reynaud F, Mirra A, Napoleone G, Della Valle G, Portier KG, Vesce G. Sedative and cardiovascular effects of intranasal or intramuscular dexmedetomidine in healthy dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg 2017; 44:703-709. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Chiavaccini L, Micieli F, Meomartino L, Duffee LR, Vesce G. A novel supra-temporal approach to retrobulbar anaesthesia in dogs: Preliminary study in cadavers. Vet J 2017; 223:68-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Santangelo B, Micieli F, Mozzillo T, Reynaud F, Marino F, Auletta L, Vesce G. Transnasal administration of a combination of dexmedetomidine, midazolam and butorphanol produces deep sedation in New Zealand White rabbits. Vet Anaesth Analg 2016; 43:209-14. [DOI: 10.1111/vaa.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Santangelo B, Micieli F, Marino F, Reynaud F, Cassandro P, Carfora A, Petrella R, Borriello R, Cataldi M, Vesce G. Plasma concentrations and sedative effects of a dexmedetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol combination after transnasal administration in healthy rabbits. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2015; 39:408-11. [PMID: 26687556 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Plasma concentrations of dexmedetomidine (D = 0.1 mg/kg), midazolam (M = 2 mg/kg), and butorphanol (B = 0.4 mg/kg) were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) after their simultaneous (DMB) transnasal (TN) administration to healthy rabbits. Time-dependent changes in sedation and antinociception were evaluated by measuring a sedation score based on rabbit's posture, loss of the righting, palpebral and pedal withdrawal reflexes and by instrumental monitoring of rectal temperature, heart rate, arterial blood pressure, pulse-oximetry, and capnometry. The peak plasma concentration (Cmax ) of each drug was reached within 5 min (Tmax ) from DMB-TN administration along with deep sedation and analgesia. Such effects subsided after 45 min into a moderate sedation and analgesia lasting for additional 15 min. All rabbits awakened spontaneously and uneventfully 90 min after DMB-TN administration. During the anesthetic procedure, arterial blood pressure markedly decreased and respiratory depression ensued requiring oxygen supplementation. The results of this study show that all three molecules of the DMB combination were absorbed through the TN route, inducing deep sedation and analgesia suitable for minor surgical procedures. Such combination should be used with caution in rabbits bearing cardiovascular or respiratory diseases because of its ability to induce hypotension and respiratory depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Santangelo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - F Micieli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - F Marino
- Clinica veterinaria Animalia srls, Aversa, Caserta, Italy
| | - F Reynaud
- Clinica veterinaria Sannio, Sant'Angelo a Cupolo, Benevento, Italy
| | - P Cassandro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, School of Medicine, Second University of Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - A Carfora
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, School of Medicine, Second University of Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - R Petrella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, School of Medicine, Second University of Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - R Borriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, School of Medicine, Second University of Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - M Cataldi
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - G Vesce
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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Luna SPL, Martino ID, Lorena SERDS, Capua MLBD, Lima AFDM, Santos BPCRD, Brondani JT, Vesce G. Acupuncture and pharmacopuncture are as effective as morphine or carprofen for postoperative analgesia in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Acta Cir Bras 2015; 30:831-7. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020150120000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Gargiulo S, Gramanzini M, Liuzzi R, Greco A, Brunetti A, Vesce G. Effects of some anesthetic agents on skin microcirculation evaluated by laser Doppler perfusion imaging in mice. BMC Vet Res 2013; 9:255. [PMID: 24341447 PMCID: PMC3878498 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-9-255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anesthetic agents alter microcirculation, influencing tissue oxygenation and delivery of vital substrates. Laser Doppler perfusion imaging is a widespread technique in the field of microvascular research that can evaluate noninvasively and in real time the effects of environmental conditions, physical manipulations, diseases and treatments on peripheral perfusion. This study aims to evaluate laser Doppler perfusion imaging as a means to detect changes in skin microcirculation induced by some popular anesthetic agents in a murine model. Twenty-four age- and gender-matched healthy CD1 mice were examined by laser Doppler perfusion imaging. The skin microcirculatory response was measured at the level of plantar surfaces during isoflurane anesthesia with or without subsequent dexmedetomidine or acepromazine. At the end of the procedure, dexmedetomidine was reversed by atipamezole administration. Results In all mice, skin blood flow under isoflurane anesthesia did not show significant differences over time (P = 0.1). The serial perfusion pattern and values following acepromazine or dexmedetomidine administration differed significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusions We standardized a reliable laser Doppler perfusion imaging protocol to non-invasively assess changes in skin microcirculation induced by anesthesia in mice, considering the advantages and drawbacks of this technique and its translational value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gargiulo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimages of the National Council of Research, Via T, De Amicis 95, Naples 80145, Italy.
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Gargiulo S, Greco A, Gramanzini M, Esposito S, Affuso A, Brunetti A, Vesce G. Mice anesthesia, analgesia, and care, Part II: anesthetic considerations in preclinical imaging studies. ILAR J 2013; 53:E70-81. [PMID: 23382272 DOI: 10.1093/ilar.53.1.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal experiments are necessary for a better understanding of diseases and for developing new therapeutic strategies. The mouse (Mus musculus) is currently the most popular laboratory animal in biomedical research. Mice imaging procedures are increasingly used in preclinical research because they allow in vivo monitoring and they are readily available for longitudinal and noninvasive studies as well as investigations into the evolution of diseases and the effects of new therapies. New imaging techniques and sophisticated laboratory animal imaging tools are currently producing a large body of evidence about the possible interference of anesthesia with different imaging methods that have the potential to compromise the results of in vivo studies. The purpose of this article is to review the existing literature on molecular imaging studies in mice, to describe the effects of different anesthetic protocols on their outcome, and to report our own experience with such studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gargiulo
- Bioimaging and Biostructures Institute, Italian National Council of Research, Naples, Italy.
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Gargiulo S, Greco A, Gramanzini M, Esposito S, Affuso A, Brunetti A, Vesce G. Mice anesthesia, analgesia, and care, Part I: anesthetic considerations in preclinical research. ILAR J 2013; 53:E55-69. [PMID: 23382271 DOI: 10.1093/ilar.53.1.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal experiments are necessary for a better understanding of diseases and for developing new therapeutic strategies. The mouse (Mus musculus) is currently the most popular laboratory animal in biomedical research. Experimental procedures on animals often require anesthesia and/or analgesia to obtain adequate immobilization and to reduce stress or pain. Mice anesthesia is challenging for several reasons including the animals' size, metabolic rate, and the high risk of hypothermia and hypoglycemia. Moreover, anesthetic agents influence physiological parameters, further interfering with experimental results. Small animal imaging procedures are increasingly used in biomedical research both because the animals allow in vivo monitoring and because they are readily available for longitudinal and noninvasive studies as well as investigations into the evolution of diseases and the effects of new therapies. Anesthesia must adapt to the imaging technique, the procedure length, and the aim of the study. The purpose of this article is to review the existing literature on anesthetic protocols adopted in mice for molecular imaging studies and to report our experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gargiulo
- Bioimaging and Biostructures Institute, Italian National Council of Research, Naples, Italy.
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Minni F, Casadei R, Santini D, Verdirame F, Zanelli M, Vesce G, Marrano D. Gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumor of the jejunum. Case report and review of the literature. Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1997; 29:558-63. [PMID: 9513833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumor is very rare and it is difficult to distinguish this tumor from other gastrointestinal tumors due to the absence of clinical, instrumental and macroscopic features which allow pre- or intraoperative diagnosis. Our aim was to recognize the characteristic features (preoperative, intraoperative, pathological) that would allow diagnosis of gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumor. A case of gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumor of the jejunum is reported. Surgical specimen was routinely processed. Immunohistochemical staining was performed according to modified immunoperoxidase Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex method. An electron microscopy study was also performed. The tumor mass showed some characteristic pathological findings: histologically, it was composed of spindle cells and epithelioid cells; immunohistochemically, a focal positivity for Neuron Specific Enolase was shown, and finally, ultrastructural examination showed neuron-like cells with long cytoplasmic processes containing microtubules and bulbouns synapse-like structures with dense core neurosecretory-type granules. Preoperatively gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumor of the jejunum must be considered and treated as a malignant tumor. A correct diagnosis is possible only with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies. It is probable that this tumor is more common than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Minni
- Department of Surgical and Anaesthesiological Science, University of Bologna, Italy
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Abstract
The enzyme adenylyl cyclase from sheep olfactory epithelium is dually regulated by GTP and is highly sensitive to the nucleotide analogues GTP gamma S and GppNHp, as well as to fluoride ions and forskolin. Many, but not all, odorants tested are able to stimulate adenylyl cyclase in a dose-dependent manner and with different potencies. Such an effect is detectable only in the presence of GTP. The odorants belonging to the putrid class are the least effective in stimulating adenylyl cyclase activity, and only furfuryl mercaptan significantly increases cAMP biosynthesis. Mixtures of two odorants, chosen among those able to activate adenylyl cyclase, induce additive or supra-additive effects, suggesting the presence of many different receptor types. The presence of an alternative olfactory signal transduction process, i.e. the inositol phospholipid second messenger system, has been evaluated. Triethylamine, a putrid odorant completely ineffective on cAMP levels, is able to significantly increase inositol phosphate accumulation, indicating the coexistence of both cAMP- and InsP3-mediated signalling pathways in sheep olfactory epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fabbri
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Italia
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Russo F, d'Angelo A, Vesce G, Avallone L, Roperto F, Migliaresi C, Carfagna C, Nicodemo L, Nicolais L. [Initial observations on the biocompatibility of a polymer used as a skin dressing]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1983; 59:560-4. [PMID: 6224496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In the development of a dressing for burn wound covers, a material is required which combines good oxygen permeability, high water content and good biocompatibility with reasonable mechanical properties. One of the most important functions of the cover is to protect the burned surfaces from drying out and to constitute the first defence against microbial invasion. In this study composite sheets crosslinked either in presence of glicerol or diacetin, obtained by reinforcing PHEMA with a tricot PET net have been implanted subacute in rabbits, to test their biocompatibility. The same composites crosslinked in presence of diacetin and grafted on a polybutadene film, have been used as a skin graft on rabbits.
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Vesce G, Murano R, Russo F, d'Angelo A, De Rosa C, Calabro S, Migliaresi C, Nicolais L. [Biological and surgical aspects of the use of polymers in experimental surgery. 1: implants on the oculo-extrinsic musculature]. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1983; 59:565-9. [PMID: 6224497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Composite sheets obtained reinforcing PHEMA with a tricot PET net have been implanted in rabbits to test their potential applications for cross-eye surgical correction. The mechanical characterization of the composites has been carried out both in static tension and fatigue. The clinical evaluation was performed on twelve adult New Zealand white Rabbits implanting the sheets on the rectus dorsalis muscle of the eye. The material seems to be highly compatible with the surrounding tissue, mechanical satisfying and clinically helpful in correcting many of the pathological conditions connected with strabismus. The long term behaviour of the implanted prosthesis in still under investigation.
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