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Koren MA, Lin L, Eckels KH, De La Barrera R, Dussupt V, Donofrio G, Sondergaard EL, Mills KT, Robb ML, Lee C, Adedeji O, Keiser PB, Curley JM, Copeland NK, Crowell TA, Hutter JN, Hamer MJ, Valencia-Ruiz A, Darden J, Peel S, Amare MF, Mebrahtu T, Costanzo M, Krebs SJ, Gromowski GD, Jarman RG, Thomas SJ, Michael NL, Modjarrad K. Safety and immunogenicity of a purified inactivated Zika virus vaccine candidate in adults primed with a Japanese encephalitis virus or yellow fever virus vaccine in the USA: a phase 1, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2023; 23:1175-1185. [PMID: 37390836 PMCID: PMC10877583 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zika virus infection is a threat to at-risk populations, causing major birth defects and serious neurological complications. Development of a safe and efficacious Zika virus vaccine is, therefore, a global health priority. Assessment of heterologous flavivirus vaccination is important given co-circulation of Japanese encephalitis virus and yellow fever virus with Zika virus. We investigated the effect of priming flavivirus naive participants with a licensed flavivirus vaccine on the safety and immunogenicity of a purified inactivated Zika vaccine (ZPIV). METHODS This phase 1, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial was done at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Clinical Trials Center in Silver Spring, MD, USA. Eligible participants were healthy adults aged 18-49 years, with no detectable evidence of previous flavivirus exposure (by infection or vaccination), as measured by a microneutralisation assay. Individuals with serological evidence of HIV, hepatitis B, or hepatitis C infection were excluded, as were pregnant or breastfeeding women. Participants were recruited sequentially into one of three groups (1:1:1) to receive no primer, two doses of intramuscular Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine (IXIARO), or a single dose of subcutaneous yellow fever virus vaccine (YF-VAX). Within each group, participants were randomly assigned (4:1) to receive intramuscular ZPIV or placebo. Priming vaccinations were given 72-96 days before ZPIV. ZPIV was administered either two or three times, at days 0, 28, and 196-234. The primary outcome was occurrence of solicited systemic and local adverse events along with serious adverse events and adverse events of special interest. These data were analysed in all participants receiving at least one dose of ZPIV or placebo. Secondary outcomes included measurement of neutralizing antibody responses following ZPIV vaccination in all volunteers with available post-vaccination data. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02963909. FINDINGS Between Nov 7, 2016, and Oct 30, 2018, 134 participants were assessed for eligibility. 21 did not meet inclusion criteria, 29 met exclusion criteria, and ten declined to participate. 75 participants were recruited and randomly assigned. 35 (47%) of 75 participants were male and 40 (53%) were female. 25 (33%) of 75 participants identified as Black or African American and 42 (56%) identified as White. These proportions and other baseline characteristics were similar between groups. There were no statistically significant differences in age, gender, race, or BMI between those who did and did not opt into the third dose. All participants received the planned priming IXIARO and YF-VAX vaccinations, but one participant who received YF-VAX dropped out before receipt of the first dose of ZPIV. 50 participants received a third dose of ZPIV or placebo, including 14 flavivirus-naive people, 17 people primed with Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine, and 19 participants primed with yellow fever vaccine. Vaccinations were well tolerated across groups. Pain at the injection site was the only adverse event reported more frequently in participants who received ZPIV than in those who received placebo (39 [65%] of 60 participants, 95% CI 51·6-76·9 who received ZPIV vs three [21·4%] of 14 who received placebo; 4·7-50·8; p=0·006). No patients had an adverse event of special interest or serious adverse event related to study treatment. At day 57, the flavivirus-naive volunteers had an 88% (63·6-98·5, 15 of 17) seroconversion rate (neutralising antibody titre ≥1:10) and geometric mean neutralising antibody titre (GMT) against Zika virus of 100·8 (39·7-255·7). In the Japanese encephalitis vaccine-primed group, the day 57 seroconversion rate was 31·6% (95% CI 12·6-56·6, six of 19) and GMT was 11·8 (6·1-22·8). Participants primed with YF-VAX had a seroconversion rate of 25% (95% CI 8·7-49·1, five of 20) and GMT of 6·6 (5·2-8·4). Humoral immune responses rose substantially following a third dose of ZPIV, with seroconversion rates of 100% (69·2-100; ten of ten), 92·9% (66·1-99·8; 13 of 14), and 60% (32·2-83·7, nine of 15) and GMTs of 511·5 (177·6-1473·6), 174·2 (51·6-587·6), and 79 (19·0-326·8) in the flavivirus naive, Japanese encephalitis vaccine-primed, and yellow fever vaccine-primed groups, respectively. INTERPRETATION We found ZPIV to be well tolerated in flavivirus naive and primed adults but that immunogenicity varied significantly according to antecedent flavivirus vaccination status. Immune bias towards the flavivirus antigen of initial exposure and the timing of vaccination may have impacted responses. A third ZPIV dose overcame much, but not all, of the discrepancy in immunogenicity. The results of this phase 1 clinical trial have implications for further evaluation of ZPIV's immunisation schedule and use of concomitant vaccinations. FUNDING Department of Defense, Defense Health Agency; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; and Division of Microbiology and Infectious Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Koren
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
| | - Leyi Lin
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Kenneth H Eckels
- Pilot Bioproduction Facility, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Rafael De La Barrera
- Pilot Bioproduction Facility, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Vincent Dussupt
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gina Donofrio
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Erica L Sondergaard
- Clinical Trials Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Kristin T Mills
- Clinical Trials Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Merlin L Robb
- Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christine Lee
- Clinical Trials Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | - Paul B Keiser
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Justin M Curley
- Clinical Trials Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Nathanial K Copeland
- Clinical Trials Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Trevor A Crowell
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jack N Hutter
- Clinical Trials Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Melinda J Hamer
- Clinical Trials Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Anais Valencia-Ruiz
- Diagnostic Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Janice Darden
- Diagnostic Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sheila Peel
- Diagnostic Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mihret F Amare
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tsedal Mebrahtu
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Margaret Costanzo
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA; Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gregory D Gromowski
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Richard G Jarman
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Stephen J Thomas
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Nelson L Michael
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Kayvon Modjarrad
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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2
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Sankhala RS, Dussupt V, Donofrio G, Gromowski GD, De La Barrera RA, Larocca RA, Mendez-Rivera L, Lee A, Choe M, Zaky W, Mantus G, Jensen JL, Chen WH, Gohain N, Bai H, McCracken MK, Mason RD, Leggat D, Slike BM, Tran U, Jian N, Abbink P, Peterson R, Mendes EA, Freitas de Oliveira Franca R, Calvet GA, Bispo de Filippis AM, McDermott A, Roederer M, Hernandez M, Albertus A, Davidson E, Doranz BJ, Rolland M, Robb ML, Lynch RM, Barouch DH, Jarman RG, Thomas SJ, Modjarrad K, Michael NL, Krebs SJ, Joyce MG. Zika-specific neutralizing antibodies targeting inter-dimer envelope epitopes. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112942. [PMID: 37561630 PMCID: PMC10775418 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging pathogen that causes devastating congenital defects. The overlapping epidemiology and immunologic cross-reactivity between ZIKV and dengue virus (DENV) pose complex challenges to vaccine design, given the potential for antibody-dependent enhancement of disease. Therefore, classification of ZIKV-specific antibody targets is of notable value. From a ZIKV-infected rhesus macaque, we identify ZIKV-reactive B cells and isolate potent neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with no cross-reactivity to DENV. We group these mAbs into four distinct antigenic groups targeting ZIKV-specific cross-protomer epitopes on the envelope glycoprotein. Co-crystal structures of representative mAbs in complex with ZIKV envelope glycoprotein reveal envelope-dimer epitope and unique dimer-dimer epitope targeting. All four specificities are serologically identified in convalescent humans following ZIKV infection, and representative mAbs from all four groups protect against ZIKV replication in mice. These results provide key insights into ZIKV-specific antigenicity and have implications for ZIKV vaccine, diagnostic, and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwer S Sankhala
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vincent Dussupt
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Gina Donofrio
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Gregory D Gromowski
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Rafael A De La Barrera
- Pilot Bioproduction Facility, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Rafael A Larocca
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Letzibeth Mendez-Rivera
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Anna Lee
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Misook Choe
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Weam Zaky
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Grace Mantus
- George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jaime L Jensen
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wei-Hung Chen
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Neelakshi Gohain
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hongjun Bai
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Michael K McCracken
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | | | - David Leggat
- Vaccine Research Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Bonnie M Slike
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Ursula Tran
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Ningbo Jian
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Peter Abbink
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Rebecca Peterson
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Erica Araujo Mendes
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Guilherme Amaral Calvet
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-360, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Morgane Rolland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Merlin L Robb
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca M Lynch
- George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Dan H Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Richard G Jarman
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Stephen J Thomas
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Kayvon Modjarrad
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Nelson L Michael
- Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
| | - M Gordon Joyce
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
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3
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Kuriakose Gift S, Wieczorek L, Sanders-Buell E, Zemil M, Molnar S, Donofrio G, Townsley S, Chenine AL, Bose M, Trinh HV, Barrows BM, Sriplienchan S, Kitsiripornchai S, Nitayapan S, Eller LA, Rao M, Ferrari G, Michael NL, Ake JA, Krebs SJ, Robb ML, Tovanabutra S, Polonis VR. Evolution of Antibody Responses in HIV-1 CRF01_AE Acute Infection: Founder Envelope V1V2 Impacts the Timing and Magnitude of Autologous Neutralizing Antibodies. J Virol 2023; 97:e0163522. [PMID: 36749076 PMCID: PMC9973046 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01635-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of early immune responses to HIV-1 infection, including the evolution of initial neutralizing and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediating antibodies, will inform HIV vaccine design. In this study, we assess the development of autologous neutralizing antibodies (ANAbs) against founder envelopes (Envs) from 18 participants with HIV-1 CRF01_AE acute infection. The timing of ANAb development directly associated with the magnitude of the longitudinal ANAb response. Participants that developed ANAbs within 6 months of infection had significantly higher ANAb responses at 1 year (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50] geometric mean titer [GMT] = 2,010 versus 184; P = 0.001) and 2 years (GMT = 3,479 versus 340; P = 0.015), compared to participants that developed ANAb responses after 6 months. Participants with later development of ANAb tended to develop an earlier, potent heterologous tier 1 (92TH023) neutralizing antibody (NAb) response (P = 0.049). CRF01_AE founder Env V1V2 loop lengths correlated indirectly with the timing (P = 0.002, r = -0.675) and directly with magnitude (P = 0.005, r = 0.635) of ANAb responses; Envs with longer V1V2 loop lengths elicited earlier and more potent ANAb responses. While ANAb responses did not associate with viral load, the viral load set point correlated directly with neutralization of the heterologous 92TH023 strain (P = 0.007, r = 0.638). In contrast, a striking inverse correlation was observed between viral load set point and peak ADCC against heterologous 92TH023 Env strain (P = 0.0005, r = -0.738). These data indicate that specific antibody functions can be differentially related to viral load set point and may affect HIV-1 pathogenesis. Exploiting Env properties, such as V1V2 length, could facilitate development of subtype-specific vaccines that elicit more effective immune responses and improved protection. IMPORTANCE Development of an effective HIV-1 vaccine will be facilitated by better understanding the dynamics between the founder virus and the early humoral responses. Variations between subtypes may influence the evolution of immune responses and should be considered as we strive to understand these dynamics. In this study, autologous founder envelope neutralization and heterologous functional humoral responses were evaluated after acute infection by HIV-1 CRF01_AE, a subtype that has not been thoroughly characterized. The evolution of these humoral responses was assessed in relation to envelope characteristics, magnitude of elicited immune responses, and viral load. Understanding immune parameters in natural infection will improve our understanding of protective responses and aid in the development of immunogens that elicit protective functional antibodies. Advancing our knowledge of correlates of positive clinical outcomes should lead to the design of more efficacious vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syna Kuriakose Gift
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lindsay Wieczorek
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Eric Sanders-Buell
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michelle Zemil
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sebastian Molnar
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gina Donofrio
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Samantha Townsley
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Agnes L. Chenine
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Meera Bose
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hung V. Trinh
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Brittani M. Barrows
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Somchai Sriplienchan
- Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suchai Kitsiripornchai
- Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sorachai Nitayapan
- Royal Thai Army, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Leigh-Anne Eller
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mangala Rao
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Guido Ferrari
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nelson L. Michael
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Julie A. Ake
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Shelly J. Krebs
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Merlin L. Robb
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sodsai Tovanabutra
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Victoria R. Polonis
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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Lewitus E, Sanders-Buell E, Bose M, O'Sullivan AM, Poltavee K, Li Y, Bai H, Mdluli T, Donofrio G, Slike B, Zhao H, Wong K, Chen L, Miller S, Lee J, Ahani B, Lepore S, Muhammad S, Grande R, Tran U, Dussupt V, Mendez-Rivera L, Nitayaphan S, Kaewkungwal J, Pitisuttithum P, Rerks-Ngarm S, O'Connell RJ, Janes H, Gilbert PB, Gramzinski R, Vasan S, Robb ML, Michael NL, Krebs SJ, Herbeck JT, Edlefsen PT, Mullins JI, Kim JH, Tovanabutra S, Rolland M. RV144 vaccine imprinting constrained HIV-1 evolution following breakthrough infection. Virus Evol 2021; 7:veab057. [PMID: 34532060 PMCID: PMC8438874 DOI: 10.1093/ve/veab057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The scale of the HIV-1 epidemic underscores the need for a vaccine. The multitude of circulating HIV-1 strains together with HIV-1’s high evolvability hints that HIV-1 could adapt to a future vaccine. Here, we wanted to investigate the effect of vaccination on the evolution of the virus post-breakthrough infection. We analyzed 2,635 HIV-1 env sequences sampled up to a year post-diagnosis from 110 vaccine and placebo participants who became infected in the RV144 vaccine efficacy trial. We showed that the Env signature sites that were previously identified to distinguish vaccine and placebo participants were maintained over time. In addition, fewer sites were under diversifying selection in the vaccine group than in the placebo group. These results indicate that HIV-1 would possibly adapt to a vaccine upon its roll-out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Lewitus
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | | | - Meera Bose
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | | | - Kultida Poltavee
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Yifan Li
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Hongjun Bai
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Thembi Mdluli
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Gina Donofrio
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Bonnie Slike
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kim Wong
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lennie Chen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Shana Miller
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Jenica Lee
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Bahar Ahani
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Steven Lepore
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Sevan Muhammad
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Rebecca Grande
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Ursula Tran
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Vincent Dussupt
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | | | - Sorachai Nitayaphan
- US Army Medical Directorate of the Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jaranit Kaewkungwal
- US Army Medical Directorate of the Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Robert J O'Connell
- US Army Medical Directorate of the Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Holly Janes
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Peter B Gilbert
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Robert Gramzinski
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Sandhya Vasan
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Merlin L Robb
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Nelson L Michael
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Joshua T Herbeck
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Paul T Edlefsen
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - James I Mullins
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jerome H Kim
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | | | - Morgane Rolland
- US Military HIV Research Program, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
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5
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Mdluli T, Jian N, Slike B, Paquin-Proulx D, Donofrio G, Alrubayyi A, Gift S, Grande R, Bryson M, Lee A, Dussupt V, Mendez-Rivera L, Sanders-Buell E, Chenine AL, Tran U, Li Y, Brown E, Edlefsen PT, O'Connell R, Gilbert P, Nitayaphan S, Pitisuttihum P, Rerks-Ngarm S, Robb ML, Gramzinski R, Alter G, Tovanabutra S, Georgiev IS, Ackerman ME, Polonis VR, Vasan S, Michael NL, Kim JH, Eller MA, Krebs SJ, Rolland M. Correction: RV144 HIV-1 vaccination impacts post-infection antibody responses. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009386. [PMID: 33651828 PMCID: PMC7924741 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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6
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Merbah M, Sanders-Buell E, Donofrio G, Li Y, Bose M, O’Sullivan AM, Townsley S, Slike B, Kibuuka H, Maganga L, Nitayaphan S, Eller LA, Krebs S, Tovanabutra S, Michael N, Robb M, Rolland M. HIV-1 sequences with more predicted glycans in acute infection were associated with the development of higher neutralization breadth. J Virus Erad 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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7
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Cheng HD, Grimm SK, Gilman MS, Gwom LC, Sok D, Sundling C, Donofrio G, Karlsson Hedestam GB, Bonsignori M, Haynes BF, Lahey TP, Maro I, von Reyn CF, Gorny MK, Zolla-Pazner S, Walker BD, Alter G, Burton DR, Robb ML, Krebs SJ, Seaman MS, Bailey-Kellogg C, Ackerman ME. Fine epitope signature of antibody neutralization breadth at the HIV-1 envelope CD4-binding site. JCI Insight 2018. [PMID: 29515029 PMCID: PMC5922287 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.97018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Major advances in donor identification, antigen probe design, and experimental methods to clone pathogen-specific antibodies have led to an exponential growth in the number of newly characterized broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) that recognize the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein. Characterization of these bnAbs has defined new epitopes and novel modes of recognition that can result in potent neutralization of HIV-1. However, the translation of envelope recognition profiles in biophysical assays into an understanding of in vivo activity has lagged behind, and identification of subjects and mAbs with potent antiviral activity has remained reliant on empirical evaluation of neutralization potency and breadth. To begin to address this discrepancy between recombinant protein recognition and virus neutralization, we studied the fine epitope specificity of a panel of CD4-binding site (CD4bs) antibodies to define the molecular recognition features of functionally potent humoral responses targeting the HIV-1 envelope site bound by CD4. Whereas previous studies have used neutralization data and machine-learning methods to provide epitope maps, here, this approach was reversed, demonstrating that simple binding assays of fine epitope specificity can prospectively identify broadly neutralizing CD4bs-specific mAbs. Building on this result, we show that epitope mapping and prediction of neutralization breadth can also be accomplished in the assessment of polyclonal serum responses. Thus, this study identifies a set of CD4bs bnAb signature amino acid residues and demonstrates that sensitivity to mutations at signature positions is sufficient to predict neutralization breadth of polyclonal sera with a high degree of accuracy across cohorts and across clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao D Cheng
- Thayer School of Engineering and.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | | | - Morgan Sa Gilman
- Thayer School of Engineering and.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Luc Christian Gwom
- Thayer School of Engineering and.,Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Devin Sok
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Christopher Sundling
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gina Donofrio
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | - Timothy P Lahey
- Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Isaac Maro
- Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.,DarDar Health Programs, Dar es salaam, Tanzania.,Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Fordham von Reyn
- Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Miroslaw K Gorny
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Susan Zolla-Pazner
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bruce D Walker
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
| | - Galit Alter
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dennis R Burton
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Merlin L Robb
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael S Seaman
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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8
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Talamonti C, Russo S, Barone TL, Benecchi G, Borzi G, Bresciani S, Cagni E, Carbonino C, Casale M, Clemente S, Consorti R, D’Alessio V, Dicastro E, Donofrio G, Falco M, Fedele D, Fiandra C, Frassanito C, Gasperi C, Giglioli F, Iervolino C, Infusino E, Linsalata S, Loi G, Lorenzini E, Marino C, Martinotti S, Masi L, Menghi E, Miceli R, Moretti E, Nardiello B, Nigro R, Pastore G, Pressello M, Pimpinella M, Raza G, Rosica F, Ruggeri R, Spiazzi L, Stasi M, Strigari L, Tremolada V, Vaiano A, Vigorito S, Villaggi E, Vittorini F, Mancosu P. Small beam dosimetry: A multi-center multi-detector italian project. Phys Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.07.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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9
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Tebaldi G, Jacca S, Montanini B, Capra E, Rosamilia A, Sala A, Stella A, Castiglioni B, Ottonello S, Donofrio G. Virus-Mediated Metalloproteinase 1 Induction Revealed by Transcriptome Profiling of Bovine Herpesvirus 4-Infected Bovine Endometrial Stromal Cells. Biol Reprod 2016; 95:12. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.116.139097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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10
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Sandri A, Stellari F, Bergamini G, Ruscitti F, Ravanetti F, Donofrio G, Boschi F, Villetti G, Sorio C, Melotti P, Assael B, Lieò M. 20 In vivo monitoring of lung inflammation in CFTR –/– mice. J Cyst Fibros 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(16)30260-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Chanrot M, Guo YZ, Blomqvist G, Juremalm M, Reinaud P, Charpigny G, Sandra O, Chantaraprateep P, Båge R, Donofrio G, Valarcher JF, Humblot P. 158 BOVINE HERPES VIRUS 4 (BoHV4) INHIBITS BOVINE ENDOMETRIAL EPITHELIAL CELL (bEEC) PROLIFERATION. Reprod Fertil Dev 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv27n1ab158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BoHV4 is a double-stranded DNA virus which has been associated to endometritis, metritis, and abortions in dairy cow. The objective of this study was to characterise its cytopathic effects on bovine endometrial epithelial cells (bEEC). Bovine uteri were collected from slaughter house and bEEC separated and cultivated as previously described (Guo et al. 2014 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 26, 165–166). In Experiment 1 (Exp 1), bEEC (passage 5) from 3 cows were cultivated for 6 days without virus or following exposure to serial dilutions (10–4, 10–3, 10–2) of virus. Living cells were counted for each group at start of the experiment and by Day 6. Proliferation or inhibition of proliferation was calculated by (Number of cells Day 6 – Number of cells Day 0)/Number of cells Day 0. In Experiment 2 (Exp 2) cells were challenged with a single dosage of virus (MOI 0.01; 1 virus: 100 cells) and culture performed during 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 days. Cells were counted at Day 0 and each day, proliferation of cells was calculated as (number of cells by Day X – number of cells Day 0)/number of cells Day 0. The effects of the dilution of virus, cow and their interaction (Exp 1) or effects of time, cow, viral exposure, and second-order interactions (Exp 2) on cow cell proliferation were analysed by ANOVA (SAS 9.2, proc GLM; SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC, USA). In Exp 1, the amount of living cells by Day 6 was very significantly increased in controls when compared to Day 0 (+172.6 ± 24%; P < 0.0001). A linear inhibition of proliferation was observed with increasing dilutions of virus. The number of living cells for the highest concentration of virus is not different from Day 0 numbers (–26.7 ± 24.6%). Pattern of proliferation differed between cows as evidenced by a significant interaction between cow and virus dilution (P < 0.001). In Exp 2, we observed a very strong increase of proliferation from Day 0 to Day 7 in controls (+1000 ± 87%; P < 0.0001). From Day 1 to 4, the increase in number of cells was very similar for cells exposed to BoHV4 and in controls. However, after Day 4, cells exposed to virus had a limited proliferation or expressed cell death as the number of living cells by Day 7 were not different from these observed by Day 0 (50 ± 87%; NS). These results show that both time and dose of BoHV4 affect the proliferation of bovine EEC. These results will be used to investigate further the molecular mechanisms by which BoHV4 induces cell death and their sequence.
Research was partly funded by RMUTSV.
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12
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Puppo A, Cesi G, Marrocco E, Piccolo P, Jacca S, Shayakhmetov DM, Parks RJ, Davidson BL, Colloca S, Brunetti-Pierri N, Ng P, Donofrio G, Auricchio A. Retinal transduction profiles by high-capacity viral vectors. Gene Ther 2014; 21:855-65. [PMID: 24989814 PMCID: PMC4193889 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2014.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Retinal gene therapy with adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors is safe and effective in humans. However, the limited cargo capacity of AAV prevents their use for therapy of those inherited retinopathies (IRs) due to mutations in large (>5kb) genes. Viral vectors derived from Adenovirus (Ad), Lentivirus (LV) and Herpesvirus (HV) can package large DNA sequences but do not target efficiently retinal photoreceptors (PRs) where the majority of genes responsible for IRs are expressed. Here, we have evaluated the mouse retinal transduction profiles of vectors derived from 16 different Ad serotypes, 7 LV pseudotypes, and from a bovine HV. Most of the vectors tested transduced efficiently the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). We found that LV-GP64 tends to transduce more PRs than the canonical LV-VSVG albeit this was restricted to a narrow region. We observed more extensive PR transduction with HdAd1, 2 and 5/F35++ than with LV, although none of them outperformed the canonical HdAd5 or matched the extension of PR transduction achieved with AAV2/8.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Puppo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - G Cesi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - E Marrocco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - P Piccolo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - S Jacca
- Department of Medical Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - D M Shayakhmetov
- Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - R J Parks
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - B L Davidson
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | | | - P Ng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G Donofrio
- Department of Medical Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - A Auricchio
- 1] Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy [2] Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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13
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Bolzoni M, Donofrio G, Storti P, Guasco D, Toscani D, Lazzaretti M, Bonomini S, Agnelli L, Capocefalo A, Dalla Palma B, Neri A, Nicolini F, Lisignoli G, Russo F, Colla S, Aversa F, Giuliani N. Myeloma cells inhibit non-canonical wnt co-receptor ror2 expression in human bone marrow osteoprogenitor cells: effect of wnt5a/ror2 pathway activation on the osteogenic differentiation impairment induced by myeloma cells. Leukemia 2012; 27:451-63. [PMID: 22781592 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2012.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the impaired osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs). Canonical Wnt signaling is critical for the regulation of bone formation, however, recent evidence suggests that the non-canonical Wnt agonist Wnt5a stimulates human osteoblastogenesis through its co-receptor Ror2. The effects of MM cells on non-canonical Wnt signaling and the effect of the activation of this pathway on MM-induced osteoblast exhaustion are not known and were investigated in this study. We found that the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow hMSCs toward osteoprogenitor cells (PreOB) significantly increased Ror2 expression, and that MM cells inhibit Ror2 expression by PreOB in co-culture by inhibiting the non-canonical Wnt5a signaling. The activation of the non-canonical Wnt pathway in hMSCs by means of Wnt5a treatment and the overexpression of Wnt5 or Ror2 by lentiviral vectors increased the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs and blunted the inhibitory effect of MM in co-culture. Consistently, Wnt5a inhibition by specific small interfering RNA reduced the hMSC expression of osteogenic markers. Our findings demonstrate that the Wnt5a/Ror2 pathway is involved in the pathophysiology of MM-induced bone disease and that the activation of the non-canonical Wnt5a/Ror2 pathway in hMSCs increases osteogenic differentiation and may counterbalance the inhibitory effect of MM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bolzoni
- Hematology and BMT Center, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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14
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Colla S, Storti P, Donofrio G, Todoerti K, Bolzoni M, Lazzaretti M, Abeltino M, Ippolito L, Neri A, Ribatti D, Rizzoli V, Martella E, Giuliani N. Low bone marrow oxygen tension and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α overexpression characterize patients with multiple myeloma: role on the transcriptional and proangiogenic profiles of CD138(+) cells. Leukemia 2010; 24:1967-70. [PMID: 20811474 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2010.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Capocefalo A, Franceschi V, Mertens PP, Castillo-Olivares J, Cavirani S, Di Lonardo E, Leni Z, Donofrio G. Expression and secretion of Bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8)VP2 outer capsid protein by mammalian cells. J Virol Methods 2010; 169:420-4. [PMID: 20705105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Revised: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 08/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
VP2 is the outermost Bluetongue virus (BTV) antigenic protein, forming triskelion motifs on the virion surface. Although VP2 has been expressed successfully through many systems, its paracrine expression as a soluble form by mammalian cells represents a difficult task. In the present paper two fragments of VP2 have been expressed successfully into the medium of transiently transfected mammalian cells through a fusion peptides strategy. The crude conditioned medium containing the secreted peptide could be employed for immunodiagnostic assay development or vaccine purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Capocefalo
- Dipartimento di Salute Animale, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Parma, via del Taglio 10, 43100 Parma, Italy
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16
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Thirion M, Machiels B, Farnir F, Donofrio G, Gillet L, Dewals B, Vanderplasschen A. Bovine herpesvirus 4 ORF73 is dispensable for virus growth in vitro, but is essential for virus persistence in vivo. J Gen Virol 2010; 91:2574-84. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.023192-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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17
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Summer A, Santus E, Casanova L, Joerg H, Rossoni A, Nicoletti C, Donofrio G, Mariani P, Malacarne M. Short communication: characterization of a monoclonal antibody for kappa-casein B of cow's milk. J Dairy Sci 2010; 93:796-800. [PMID: 20105552 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A monoclonal antibody (antik-B) against an oligopeptide of 23 AA corresponding to the region 131-153 of bovine kappa-casein (kappa-CN) B was generated using the Human Combinatorial Antibody Library (HuCAL) technology. Both AA substitutions distinguishing kappa-CN A and B are located in that region (positions 136 and 148). In this study, the reactivity of antik-B to milk samples collected from cows previously genotyped as CSN3*AA, CSN3*AB, and CSN3*BB was tested. According to Western blot results, antik-B recognized kappa-CN B and it showed no cross-reactivity toward kappa-CN A and other milk proteins. Furthermore, a modified Western blot method, urea-PAGE Western blot, was set up to assess the reactivity of antik-B toward all isoforms of kappa-CN B. In conclusion, antik-B was specific to kappa-CN B in milk and it seemed to be reactive toward all its isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Summer
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Biotechnologies, Food Quality and Safety, University of Parma, via del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
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18
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Capocefalo A, Franceschi V, Whitelaw C, Vasey D, Lillico S, Cavirani S, Donofrio G. p21Waf1/Cip1 as a molecular sensor for BoHV-4 replication. J Virol Methods 2009; 161:308-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2009] [Revised: 05/27/2009] [Accepted: 06/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Jobe O, Donofrio G, Sun G, Liepinsh D, Schwenk R, Krzych U. Immunization with radiation-attenuated Plasmodium berghei sporozoites induces liver cCD8alpha+DC that activate CD8+T cells against liver-stage malaria. PLoS One 2009; 4:e5075. [PMID: 19347042 PMCID: PMC2661143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2008] [Accepted: 03/02/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunization with radiation (γ)-attenuated Plasmodia sporozoites (γ-spz) confers sterile and long-lasting immunity against malaria liver-stage infection. In the P. berghei γ-spz model, protection is linked to liver CD8+ T cells that express an effector/memory (TEM) phenotype, (CD44hiCD45RBloCD62Llo ), and produce IFN-γ. However, neither the antigen presenting cells (APC) that activate these CD8+ TEM cells nor the site of their induction have been fully investigated. Because conventional (c)CD8α+ DC (a subset of CD11c+ DC) are considered the major inducers of CD8+ T cells, in this study we focused primarily on cCD8α+ DC from livers of mice immunized with Pb γ-spz and asked whether the cCD8α+ DC might be involved in the activation of CD8+ TEM cells. We demonstrate that multiple exposures of mice to Pb γ-spz lead to a progressive and nearly concurrent accumulation in the liver but not the spleen of both the CD11c+NK1.1− DC and CD8+ TEM cells. Upon adoptive transfer, liver CD11c+NK1.1− DC from Pb γ-spz-immunized mice induced protective immunity against sporozoite challenge. Moreover, in an in vitro system, liver cCD8α+ DC induced naïve CD8+ T cells to express the CD8+ TEM phenotype and to secrete IFN-γ. The in vitro induction of functional CD8+ TEM cells by cCD8α+ DC was inhibited by anti-MHC class I and anti-IL-12 mAbs. These data suggest that liver cCD8α+ DC present liver-stage antigens to activate CD8+ TEM cells, the pre-eminent effectors against pre-erythrocytic malaria. These results provide important implications towards a design of anti-malaria vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ousman Jobe
- Department of Cellular Immunology, Division of Malaria Vaccine Development, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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20
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Donofrio G, Sartori C, Franceschi V, Capocefalo A, Cavirani S, Taddei S, Flammini CF. Double immunization strategy with a BoHV-4-vectorialized secreted chimeric peptide BVDV-E2/BoHV-1-gD. Vaccine 2008; 26:6031-42. [PMID: 18812200 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2008] [Revised: 09/01/2008] [Accepted: 09/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A bovine herpesvirus 4 was isolated from the milk cell fraction of a healthy cow and his full genome cloned as a bacterial artificial chromosome. So cloned viral genome was used as a vector platform to deliver in vitro and in vivo an optimized secreted chimeric peptide obtained by the fusion of the bovine viral diarrhoea virus glycoprotein E2 ectodomain with the bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein D ectodomain. Recombinant virus infected cells robustly expressed and secreted the chimeric peptide into the culture medium and inoculated animals with the recombinant virus successfully responded toward antigens, gE2 and gD. Thus, this work has implications for the development of safe and effective polyvalent vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Donofrio
- Università di Parma, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Dipartimento di Salute Animale, Sezione di Malattie Infettive degli Animali, via del Taglio 10, Parma, Italy.
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21
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López-Gatius F, Almería S, Donofrio G, Nogareda C, García-Ispierto I, Bech-Sàbat G, Santolaria P, Yániz JL, Pabón M, de Sousa NM, Beckers JF. Protection against abortion linked to gamma interferon production in pregnant dairy cows naturally infected with Neospora caninum. Theriogenology 2007; 68:1067-73. [PMID: 17854883 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2007] [Revised: 08/03/2007] [Accepted: 08/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many immunological aspects of pregnancy, such as the role played by gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) in abortion, are not well understood. Neospora caninum is an intracellular protozoan considered to be among the main causes of abortion in cattle worldwide. The present study analyzes the interaction between IFN-gamma production and N. caninum infection in naturally infected pregnant cows. Data were obtained from 126 pregnant cows: 86 seropositive and 40 seronegative for the parasite. Pregnancy diagnosis and blood sample collection were performed on days 40, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 210 post-insemination or until the time of abortion detection. Plasma was tested for antibodies against N. caninum and IFN-gamma. Interferon-gamma was detected at some point along the pregnancy in 16 (19%) of the 86 Neospora-seropositive cows yet was undetectable in the 40 seronegative animals. Of the 126 pregnancies examined, 22 (17.5%) ended in abortion. Abortion occurred in 24.4% of seropositive cows (21/86) and in 2.5% of seronegative animals (1/40). Significant (P<0.0001) interaction was observed between Neospora-seropositivity and IFN-gamma production. Based on the odds ratio, the risk of abortion was 15.6 times higher in seropositive cows not producing IFN-gamma than in seronegative animals, whereas neosporosis had no effect in seropositive cows with IFN-gamma production. A significant (P=0.001) negative effect of IFN-gamma production on the Neospora titer was furthermore observed in the 65 non-aborting seropositive animals. These results indicate that IFN-gamma production affords protection against abortion in Neospora-infected cows and also point to a reduced humoral immune response to N. caninum during gestation in cows producing IFN-gamma.
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Affiliation(s)
- F López-Gatius
- Department of Animal Production, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
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22
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Jobe O, Donofrio G, Schwenk R, Williams J, Krzych U. IL-12-producing CD11c+NK1.1-DC predominate in the liver during protective immunity induced with radiation-attenuated Plasmodium berghei sporozoites (36.15). The Journal of Immunology 2007. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.36.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Immunizations with radiation-attenuated Plasmodium berghei (γPb) sporozoites (spz) culminate in protection against wild-type Pbspz challenge. Immune protection is considered to be largely mediated by Ag-specific, IFNγ-producing liver CD8+T cells; however the role of APC in the induction of CD8+T cells remain unexplored. In vivo deletion of DC results in loss of protection against spz challenge. Therefore, in this study we investigated the possible involvement of liver DC in the induction of liver CD8+TEM cells. γPbspz immunization induced CD11c+CD8α+DC which represented ~75% of the hepatic CD11c+NK1.1-DC. Coincidental with the appearance of CD11c+CD8α+DC, was a 7-fold increase in liver CD8+TEM cells. Adoptive transfer of γPbspz-immune liver CD11c+NK1.1-DC to naïve mice reduced parasite burden (4-fold) after challenge and the recipient mice survived 14 days beyond the infectivity controls. CD11c+CD8α+DC from γPbspz-immune mice produced IL-12 and activated naive CD8+T cells to exhibit a TEM phenotype in vitro. Thus, we hypothesize that IL-12-producing hepatic CD11c+CD8α+DC induced by γPbspz activate liver CD8+T cells that are the key cellular component of protective immunity to liver-stage parasites.
Supported by NIH NIAID, FNIH and the USAMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- ousman.jobe Jobe
- Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20910
| | - Gina Donofrio
- Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20910
| | - Robert Schwenk
- Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20910
| | - Jackie Williams
- Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20910
| | - Urszula Krzych
- Immunology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20910
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23
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Cavirani S, Ghidini F, Taddei S, Cabassi C, Donofrio G, Piancastelli C, Bonfanti M, Marocchi A. Humoral and cellular response to BoHV-1 in buffalo and cattle treated with an inactivated marker vaccine. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2007. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2007.s2.881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Colleoni S, Donofrio G, Lagutina I, Duchi R, Galli C, Lazzari G. Establishment, differentiation, electroporation, viral transduction, and nuclear transfer of bovine and porcine mesenchymal stem cells. Cloning Stem Cells 2005; 7:154-66. [PMID: 16176125 DOI: 10.1089/clo.2005.7.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in the bone marrow and have the potential for multilineage differentiation, into bone, cartilage, and fat, for example. In this study, bovine and porcine MSCs were isolated, cultured to determine their replication ability, and differentiated with osteogenic medium and 5-azacytine. Both bovine and porcine undifferentiated MSCs were electroporated and virally transduced to test the efficiency of genetic modification and the maintainance of differentiation ability thereafter. Nuclear transfer experiments were carried out with bovine and porcine MSCs, both at the undifferentiated state and following differentiation. Our results indicate that bovine and porcine MSCs have limited lifespans in vitro--approximately 50 population doublings. They can be efficiently differentiated and characterized along the osteogenic lineage by morphology, alkaline phosphatase, Von Kossa, oil red stainings, and RT-PCR. Electroporation and selection induce high levels of EGFP expression in porcine but not in bovine MSCs. Following genetic modification, MSCs retain their pluridifferentiation ability as parental cells. Cloned embryos derived from bovine and porcine undifferentiated MSCs and their derivatives along the osteogenic lineage give rise to consistently high preimplantation development comparable to adult fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Colleoni
- Laboratorio di Tecnologie della Riproduzione, CIZ srl, Istituto Sperimentale Italiano Lazzaro Spallanzani, Cremona, Italy
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25
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Cavirani S, Cabassi CS, Taddei S, Donofrio G, Bottarelli E. Association between Neospora caninum antibodies and blue tongue vaccination in dairy cows. Vet Res Commun 2005; 29 Suppl 2:233-6. [PMID: 16244963 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-005-0050-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Cavirani
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Parma, Via del Taglio 8, 43100, Parma, Italy.
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26
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Donofrio G, Martignani E, Cavirani S, Flammini CF. Exploiting persistent infection for selection of bovine herpesvirus 4 recombinants. J Virol Methods 2005; 128:6-13. [PMID: 15885813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2004] [Revised: 02/28/2005] [Accepted: 02/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is a gamma-herpesvirus with no clear disease association, and due to its biological characteristics, has been suggested as a gene delivery vector. It was demonstrated previously that recombinant BoHV-4 carrying a neomycin-resistance gene was able to infect a human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line (RD-4), resulting in no detectable cytopathic effect (CPE) and allowing selection of G418-resistant persistently-infected cells containing circular episomal viral DNA [Donofrio, G., Cavirani, S., van Santen, V.L., 2000a. Establishment of a cell line persistently infected with recombinant BoHV-4. J. Gen. Virol. 81, 1807-1814.]. Those cells produce infectious virus and infection is predominantly non-permissive and non-cytopathic. Starting from these results, the ability of RD-4 cells to sustain persistent infection was combined with positive selection activity conferred by the neomycin-expression cassette insert, as an easier way to select recombinants of BoHV-4 following homologous recombination in permissive cells. A tool for selecting BoHV-4 recombinants was developed by drug positive selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Donofrio
- Dipartimento di Salute Animale, Sezione di Malattie Infettive degli Animali, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Parma, via del Taglio 8, 43100 Parma, Italy.
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27
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Donofrio G, Colleoni S, Galli C, Lazzari G, Cavirani S, Flammini CF. Susceptibility of bovine mesenchymal stem cells to bovine herpesvirus 4. J Virol Methods 2005; 127:168-70. [PMID: 15869810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2005] [Revised: 02/23/2005] [Accepted: 02/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is a gamma herpesvirus with no clear disease association. Previous studies have demonstrated that macrophages can harbour persistent BoHV-4. Since mesenchymal stem cells in bone marrow regulate the differentiation and proliferation of adjacent haematopoietic precursors, such as macrophages, the interaction between BoHV-4 and mesenchymal stem cells was investigated. Primary bovine mesenchymal stem cells were highly permissive to support full replication of BoHV-4. This finding could be considered a new important step in studies on the potential pathogenesis related to BoHV-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Donofrio
- Dipartimento di Salute Animale, Sezione di Malattie Infettive degli Animali, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Via del Taglio 8, 43100 Parma, Italy.
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28
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Gillet L, Daix V, Donofrio G, Wagner M, Koszinowski UH, China B, Ackermann M, Markine-Goriaynoff N, Vanderplasschen A. Development of bovine herpesvirus 4 as an expression vector using bacterial artificial chromosome cloning. J Gen Virol 2005; 86:907-917. [PMID: 15784885 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.80718-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several features make bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) attractive as a backbone for use as a viral expression vector and/or as a model to study gammaherpesvirus biology. However, these developments have been impeded by the difficulty in manipulating its large genome using classical homologous recombination in eukaryotic cells. In the present study, the feasibility of exploiting bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) cloning and prokaryotic recombination technology for production of BoHV-4 recombinants was explored. Firstly, the BoHV-4 genome was BAC cloned using two potential insertion sites. Both sites of insertion gave rise to BoHV-4 BAC clones stably maintained in bacteria and able to regenerate virions when transfected into permissive cells. Reconstituted virus replicated comparably to wild-type parental virus and the loxP-flanked BAC cassette was excised by growing them on permissive cells stably expressing Cre recombinase. Secondly, BoHV-4 recombinants expressing Ixodes ricinus anti-complement protein I or II (IRAC I/II) were produced using a two-step mutagenesis procedure in Escherichia coli. Both recombinants induced expression of high levels of functional IRAC molecules in the supernatant of infected cells. This study demonstrates that BAC cloning and prokaryotic recombination technology are powerful tools for the development of BoHV-4 as an expression vector and for further fundamental studies of this gammaherpesvirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gillet
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases (B43b), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - V Daix
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases (B43b), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - G Donofrio
- Dipartimento di Salute Animale, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Sezione di Malattie Infettive degli Animali, Università degli Studi di Parma, I-43100 Parma, Italy
| | - M Wagner
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - U H Koszinowski
- Department of Virology, Max von Pettenkofer-Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - B China
- Food Sciences Department (B43b), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - M Ackermann
- Institute for Virology, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - N Markine-Goriaynoff
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases (B43b), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - A Vanderplasschen
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases (B43b), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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29
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Donofrio G, Galli C, Lazzari G, van Santen VL, Cavirani S, Flammini CF. Interaction of a green recombinant bovine herpesvirus 4 with in vitro-produced bovine embryos. Vet Res Commun 2003; 27:415-24. [PMID: 14509456 DOI: 10.1023/a:1024889606158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to assess whether bovine herpesvirus 4 (BHV-4) is able to infect in vitro-produced bovine embryos. A green recombinant BHV-4 (BHV-4EGFP deltaTK), obtained by insertion of an EGFP gene into the TK locus of BHV-4, was used. The presence of this marker protein made it possible easily to detect infected cells under physiological conditions, without harmful manipulation of the cells or the addition of exogenous substrates, so that the spread of the virus could be followed in real time. Zona pellucida intact (ZP-I) and zona pellucida open (ZP-O) blastocytes were exposed to 10(6) TCID50 viral particles and infection was monitored by fluorescent microscopy for 48 h. Expression of EGFP and degeneration of embryonic cells was observed in three of the 18 ZP-O embryos, but in none of the ZP-I embryos. It was concluded from this preliminary study that BHV-4 has only a low ability to infect in vitro-produced bovine embryos, depending on the absence of ZP, the amount of virus present and the stage of embryonic development. However, embryonic stem cells could be transduced by BHV-4EGFP deltaTK just after differentiation, as shown by expression of EGFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Donofrio
- Dipartimento di Salute Animale, Sezione di Malattie Infettive degli Animali, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Parma, Via del Taglio 8, 43100 Parma, Italy.
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30
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Cabassi CS, Farnetti E, Casali B, Taddei S, Donofrio G, Galvani G, Cavirani S. Isolation of Bartonella henselae from domestic cats in an Italian urban area. New Microbiol 2002; 25:253-7. [PMID: 12019735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Bartonella henselae is the causative agent of Cat Scratch Disease (CSD) in humans. Cat is considered the reservoir of the bacterium. Identification of bacteriemic cats is the basic tool in the prophylaxis of CSD. Blood samples were collected between January 1999-December 2000 from 248 domestic cats living in an urban area (Reggio Emilia) in Northern Italy and tested for Bartonella henselae bacteriemia. Cultural and PCR methods were used. PCR was used directly on cat blood as well as to identify the Bartonella strain growth in culture. 24 (9.7 %) cats were found bacteriemic, most of which aged <1 year. A higher sensitivity was demonstrated by cultural method compared with PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Cabassi
- Dipartimento di Salute Animale, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Parma, Italy
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31
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Cavirani S, Cabassi CS, Donofrio G, De Iaco B, Taddei S, Flammini CF. Association between Chlamydia psittaci seropositivity and abortion in Italian dairy cows. Prev Vet Med 2001; 50:145-51. [PMID: 11448501 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5877(01)00197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Although the seroprevalence of Chlamydia psittaci is widespread in Italian dairy herds, its role in inducing genital disorders has not been elucidated. We therefore set up a case-control study to compare seroprevalence to C. psittaci in an aborted-cow population and in a randomly selected control group in the province of Parma (the Po Valley of northern Italy). The true seroprevalence (45%) in aborted cows was significantly higher than that in the control group (24%) (adjusted odds ratio=2.53).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cavirani
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Istituto di Malattie Infettive, Profilassi e Polizia Veterinaria, Universita degli studi di Parma, Via del Taglio, 8, 43100, Parma, Italy.
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32
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Donofrio G, Flammini CF, Scatozza F, Cavirani S. Detection of bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) DNA in the cell fraction of milk of dairy cattle with history of BoHV-4 infection. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38:4668-71. [PMID: 11101621 PMCID: PMC87662 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.12.4668-4671.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2000] [Accepted: 09/24/2000] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have demonstrated, by PCR and restriction enzyme analysis of the PCR product, the presence of bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) DNA in the cell fraction of milk from dairy cattle with a history of BoHV-4 infection. We next evaluated the infectious nature of BoHV-4 DNA in those cells. Cocultivation of a BoHV-4-sensitive cell line with BoHV-4 DNA-positive milk cell samples produced cytopathic effects. The same result was obtained from frozen and thawed milk cell fraction coming from the cell milk fraction PCR-positive cows, ensuring that cells were killed and only infectious virus could be recovered after cocultivation with sensitive cells. This report shows that infectious BoHV-4 can be present in milk cells and that therefore nursing may be one of the transmission routes of BoHV-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Donofrio
- Istituto di Malattie Infettive Profilassi e Polizia Veterinaria, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy.
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Abstract
A new BHV-4 (bovine herpesvirus 4) isolated from a case of bovine interdigital dermatitis was characterized by PCR and restriction enzyme analysis. To determine whether the new isolate (PR/1) belonged to BHV-4, DNA from infected cells was specifically amplified by PCR. We used a set of primers spanning a large 2.571 kb conserved region of the BHV-4 genome, including the 3' end of ORF1 (homologous to the EBV BVRF1 gene), ORF2 (homologous to the EBV BXRF1 gene), ORF3 (TK gene) and ORF4 (gH gene) 5' end, respectively. The identity of the amplified product was confirmed by HindIII restriction enzyme digestion and Southern hybridization. No product was observed from the DNA of other bovine herpesviruses tested. The restriction patterns of the PR/ 1 genome compared to DN 599, MOVAR 33/63 and LVR BHV-4 reference strains showed two kinds of differences, either related or not related to the prDNA (polyrepetitive DNA). Taken together, these data show that PR/ 1 is a new BHV-4. We would consider that the present report provides a scheme of work for diagnosis and typing of BHV-4 isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Donofrio
- Istituto di Malattie Infettive Profilassi e Polizia Veterinaria, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Parma, Italy.
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Donofrio G, Cavirani S, van Santen VL. Establishment of a cell line persistently infected with bovine herpesvirus-4 by use of a recombinant virus. J Gen Virol 2000; 81:1807-14. [PMID: 10859387 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-81-7-1807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus-4 (BHV-4), a gammaherpesvirus lacking a clear disease association, productively infects multiple cell lines of various species and causes cell death. A human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line, RD-4, infected with BHV-4 produced low levels of early and late viral RNAs and infectious virus, but exhibited no cytopathic effect. Using a recombinant BHV-4 containing a neomycin-resistance gene, we established RD-4-derived cell lines persistently infected with BHV-4. The viral genome in these cells was predominantly circular. Because of drug selection, every cell contained a viral genome. In addition, all cells stained with a BHV-4-specific antiserum. Therefore, these cell lines are not carrier cultures. These cells produced infectious virus at all passages tested. Even though cells were selected and maintained at a concentration of geneticin at least 2.5 times that necessary to kill uninfected RD-4 cells, selected cells contained only approximately one viral genome per diploid host cell genome. Persistently infected cells grew more slowly than uninfected cells, even in the absence of drug. The slower growth of these cells suggests that any growth advantage conferred by multiple copies of the neomycin-gene-carrying viral genome might be offset by the detrimental effects of viral gene expression. This situation contrasts with other gammaherpesviruses, which are able to growth-transform cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Donofrio
- Istituto di Malattie Infettive Veterinarie, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy
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35
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Donofrio G, Cavirani S, Whitelaw B, Flammini CF, Scatozza F. Transfection of bovine cell culture with bovine herpesvirus 4 DNA obtained by cell nuclear extraction. New Microbiol 2000; 23:129-35. [PMID: 10872682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Bovine herpes virus 4 (BHV-4) is a gamma-herpesvirus not associated with clearly defined clinical entities in cattle. The BHV-4 genome consists of a linear dsDNA of approximately 145 Kbp which is only partially characterized and sequenced. We set up a rapid and practical method to isolate BHV-4 DNA from infected cell culture. Microfuged infected cells after exposure to high salt concentration and detergent allowed viral DNA to be purified. Electrophoretic analysis of the digested DNA showed a complete digestion, corresponding to a classical EcoRI banding pattern of strains Movar 33/63, LVR and DN 599. Moreover the biological integrity of viral DNA here obtained, was demonstrated by transfection experiments. BHV-4 DNA was capable of forming CPE after transfection into BAE-7372 cells. Transfected cells specifically reacted with a BHV-4 infected cow serum demonstrating the presence of viral particles. The possibility of obtaining infectious viral DNA using this method may facilitate the construction of recombinant viruses. Specifically, through the use of cotransfection experiments with deleted or mutated viral DNA sequences, the infectious clones isolated could provide the basis for an increased understanding of BHV-4 viral gene expression, replication and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Donofrio
- Istituto di Malattie Infettive, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Parma, Italy
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Abstract
Nuclear matrix attachment regions (MAR) have been implicated in the regulation of gene expression. We have identified a region within the proximal 3'-flanking sequences of the ovine beta-lactoglobulin (betalg) gene that interacts with the nuclear matrix in vitro. No equivalent region was detected in the 5' flanking region. We have investigated the role of this element in regulating betalg expression in vitro and in vivo. Removal of the MAR did not affect the frequency of betalg transgene expression at the mRNA level, but betalg transgenes that lacked the MAR were expressed at a lower level than wild-type betalg transgenes. In neither in-vitro HC11 transfection experiments nor transgenic mice was hormonal induction of betalg expression significantly affected by MAR removal. Nuclear run-on analysis demonstrated that the impaired basal expression of betalg transgene loci lacking the MAR was due to a reduced transcription rate. Thus, the single MAR enhances the basal transcriptional potential of the betalg gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Whitelaw
- Division of Molecular Biology, Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), Roslin, UK.
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Cavirani S, Donofrio G, Chiocco D, Foni E, Martelli P, Allegri G, Cabassi CS, De Iaco B, Flammini CF. Seroprevalence to bovine immunodeficiency virus and lack of association with leukocyte counts in Italian dairy cattle. Prev Vet Med 1998; 37:147-57. [PMID: 9879588 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5877(98)00099-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We report herein on the first serological detection of antibodies to bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) in Italy. According to criteria of a stratified-random sampling of dairy cattle reared in the Parma area (a province in the Po Valley, Northern Italy), sera from 3166 cows belonging to 272 herds were collected. In addition, sera of 138 bulls from eight artificial-insemination (AI) centres were sampled. Seventy-eight cows (2.5%) from 16 herds (5.8%) and seven bulls (5.1%) from two AI centres were positive for BIV-R29 antibodies in the IFA-test. IFA-positive sera assayed by Western blot had reaction to different viral proteins: 81 out of 85 sera showed antibody to p26 (considered the BIV major internal core protein); four sera reacted to other viral proteins but not to p26. Peripheral blood leukocytes of 60 seropositive and 60 seronegative animals, belonging to eight BIV-infected herds, were enumerated to assess any effect of BIV infection on white-blood cells. No significant differences were detected between the two groups. These data indicate that BIV infection is present in Italian dairy cattle--but the role of BIV in inducing disease remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cavirani
- Istituto di Malattie Infettive, Profilassi e Polizia Veterinaria, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Parma, Via del Taglio, Parma, Italy.
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Grolli S, Accornero P, Ramoni R, Donofrio G, Whitelaw CB. Expression of c-myc is down-regulated as mouse mammary epithelial cells become confluent. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1997; 239:566-9. [PMID: 9344871 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the expression profile of c-myc in the mammary gland. During pregnancy when the gland is actively growing c-myc mRNA was present, while in the differentiated lactating gland no c-myc mRNA was detected. This correspondence between the differentiation state and c-myc mRNA levels in the mouse mammary gland in vivo was paralleled by HC11 mouse mammary epithelial cells in vitro. Firstly, the endogenous c-myc gene was suppressed in confluent compared to growing HC11 cells. In addition, treating the cells with lactogenic hormones did not induce c-myc expression. Secondly, a stably transfected c-myc-CAT reporter construct was similarly down-regulated. Furthermore, using this transfection model, we demonstrate that the mechanism(s) involved in regulating c-myc expression must act through the P1 and P2 core promoter and exon 1. Finally, we demonstrate that suppression of c-myc expression occurs when HC11 cells growth-arrest as they become confluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Grolli
- Facolta di Medicina Veterinaria, Universita de Parma, Parma, 43100, Italy.
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Webster J, Donofrio G, Wallace R, Clark AJ, Whitelaw CB. Intronic sequences modulate the sensitivity of beta-lactoglobulin transgenes to position effects. Gene X 1997; 193:239-43. [PMID: 9256082 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1119(97)00128-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We have analysed the expression of beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) gene constructs with combinations of introns deleted to further define the role of intronic regions in directing position-independent mammary expression of BLG transgenes. Intron removal had no obvious effect on hormonal induction of BLG expression in vitro but dramatically reduced expression in vivo, in that removal of intron pairs always resulted in a proportion of the transgenic lines generated failing to express the transgene in the mammary gland. Position-dependent expression was seen for all intron-deleted transgenes regardless of which introns were removed and the ability of the intron-deleted transgenes to be expressed bore no relationship to transgene copy number. Thus, intron removal per se increases the sensitivity of BLG transgenes to position effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Webster
- Division of Molecular Biology, Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), Midlothian, UK
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Donofrio G, Bignetti E, Clark AJ, Whitelaw CB. Comparable processing of beta-lactoglobulin pre-mRNA in cell culture and transgenic mouse models. Mol Gen Genet 1996; 252:465-9. [PMID: 8879248 DOI: 10.1007/bf02173012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic pre-mRNAs undergo a variety of post-transcriptional modifications, including the removal of intronic sequences by splicing, leading to creation of a functional mRNA. We have compared the processing of transcripts generated from ovine beta-lactoglobulin gene constructs in stably transfected cells and in transgenic mice. In both the in vitro and in vivo model systems the removal of the middle two introns resulted in the inefficient splicing of the downstream, terminal intron. This intron-containing transcript was detected in the cytoplasmic RNA fraction. Thus, the initial in vitro analysis in cell lines of minigene constructs destined for expression in transgenic animals may provide a rapid and reliable indicator of the processing efficiency of the pre-mRNA produced by the construct in vivo. This is in contrast to the apparent limitations of in vitro systems in the analysis of transcription regulatory elements required for transgene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Donofrio
- Division of Molecular Biology, Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), Scotland, UK
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Bussolati L, Ramoni R, Grolli S, Donofrio G, Bignetti E. Preparation of an affinity resin for odorants by coupling odorant binding protein from bovine nasal mucosa to Sepharose 4B. J Biotechnol 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1656(93)90115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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