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Cappelli F, Costantini V, D'Angeli M, Marin G, Paglialunga E. Local sources of vulnerability to climate change and armed conflicts in East Africa. J Environ Manage 2024; 355:120403. [PMID: 38428181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
While socioeconomic and institutional factors are crucial in explaining the onset and evolution of conflicts, recent research suggests that climate change is a further indirect driver acting as a "threat multiplier". This paper focuses on the concept of vulnerability to both climate change and conflicts to explain why some locations are more likely to engage in armed conflicts than others in the presence of a similar level of exposure to climatic changes. In particular, by means of a Spatial Autoregressive Model, we identify a set of local-specific vulnerability factors that increase conflict risk in East Africa. We employ a georeferenced database with a resolution of 25 × 25 km, covering the period 1997-2016. Results from our analysis provide some interesting insights: first, climate change does not increase conflict risk per se, but only in the presence of pre-existing vulnerabilities. Second, resource access and socioeconomic factors play a key role in driving the climate-conflict nexus especially in urban areas. In particular, vulnerability is increased whenever power is not distributed in such a way as to ensure an equitable distribution of resources. Overall, our findings suggest that, by addressing vulnerability factors that prevent adaptive capacity and an equitable distribution of resources, societies may benefit in terms of both diminished conflict risk and alleviation of climate change impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cappelli
- Department of Economics and Management, University of Ferrara, via Voltapaletto, 11 - 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Valeria Costantini
- Department of Economics, University of Roma Tre, Via Silvio D'Amico 77, 00145, Rome, Italy.
| | - Mariagrazia D'Angeli
- Department of Economics, University of Roma Tre, Via Silvio D'Amico 77, 00145, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Marin
- Department of Economics, Society, Politics, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Aurelio Saffi, 42, 61029, Urbino, Italy.
| | - Elena Paglialunga
- Department of Economics, University of Roma Tre, Via Silvio D'Amico 77, 00145, Rome, Italy.
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Marin G, Vona F. Finance and the reallocation of scientific, engineering and mathematical talent. Research Policy 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2023.104757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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3
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Lodi C, Marin G, Modica M. The public finance response to floods of local governments in Italy. J Environ Manage 2023; 332:117352. [PMID: 36731408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to empirically test the dynamics of budget outcomes of Italian municipalities in the aftermath of floods by accounting for heterogeneous levels of resilience and vulnerability to natural disasters. Our findings are based on a dynamic difference-in-differences model after propensity score matching. They point to substantial impacts in terms of increased capital expenditure and revenues from transfers, which depend on the degree of resilience and vulnerability. Through our analysis, we account for multiple aspects of risk to support policy decisions related to both ex-ante and ex-post disaster occurrence management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Lodi
- Department of Economics, Society, Politics, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Department of Economics, Society, Politics; SEEDS, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Marin
- Department of Economics, Society, Politics, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Department of Economics, Society, Politics; SEEDS, Italy.
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Consoli D, Marin G, Rentocchini F, Vona F. Routinization, within-occupation task changes and long-run employment dynamics. Res Policy 2023; 52:104658. [PMID: 36597458 PMCID: PMC9746329 DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2022.104658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study adds to the literature on routinization and employment by capturing within-occupation task changes over the period 1980-2010. The main contributions are the measurement of such changes and the combination of two data sources on occupational task content for the United States: the Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOT) and the Occupational Information Network (O*NET). We show that within-occupation reorientation away from routine tasks: i) accounts for 1/3 of the decline in routine-task use; ii) accelerated in the 1990s, decelerated in the 2000s but with significant convergence across occupations; and iii) allowed workers to escape the employment and wage decline, conditional on the initial level of routine-task intensity. The latter finding suggests that task reorientation is a key channel through which labour markets adapt to various forms of labour-saving technological change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Consoli
- INGENIO (CSIC-Universitat Politecnica de Valencia), Spain
| | - Giovanni Marin
- Department of Economics, Society, Politics, University of Urbino 'Carlo Bo', Italy; SEEDS, Italy; FEEM, Italy
| | - Francesco Rentocchini
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Seville, Spain
- Department of Economics, Management and Quantitative Methods (DEMM), University of Milan, Italy
- Corresponding author at: European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC). Office 00/017, Edificio Expo, calle Inca Garcilaso 3, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Francesco Vona
- University of Milan, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Italy
- Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM), Italy
- OFCE Sciences-Po, France
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Schandrin A, Picot MC, Marin G, André M, Gardes J, Léger A, O'Donoghue B, Raffard S, Abbar M, Capdevielle D. Video self-confrontation as a therapeutic tool in schizophrenia: A randomized parallel-arm single-blind trial. Schizophr Res 2022; 240:103-112. [PMID: 34991040 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lack of insight is a barrier to treating psychosis. Preliminary studies have suggested that showing people videos of their psychotic behaviour may improve personal insight. This clinical trial aimed to assess the effect of video self-confrontation. METHODS Inpatients between 18 and 65 years old with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were filmed upon admission to two psychiatric hospitals while experiencing acute psychosis. After stabilization, individuals were randomized 1:1 to the "self-video" group where they watched their own video or to the "no video" control group. The primary outcome was the Scale to assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD) at 48 h by a blinded assessor. Secondary objectives included psychotic and depressive symptoms, medication adherence and functioning using the Functional Remission of General Schizophrenia. Patients were followed up for four months. RESULTS 60 participants were randomized and the level of insight did not differ between groups at 48 h (p = 0.98). There was no impact on SUMD subscores or the other insight questionnaires at any timepoint, nor on psychopathology or medication adherence. At one month, the level of functioning of those in the "self-video" group (n = 23) was higher (61.8 vs 53.5, p = 0.02), especially concerning "Treatment" and "Daily life". No adverse effects were reported. After video self-confrontation, people expressed more positive than negative emotions and were less lost to follow-up. CONCLUSION Video self-confrontation did not change levels of insight, but may have a therapeutic impact nonetheless, by improving levels of self-care and adherence to care, indicating that this innovative therapeutic tool requires further study. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02664129.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schandrin
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Nimes University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Nîmes, France; Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - M-C Picot
- Clinical Research, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Information, Montpellier University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - G Marin
- Clinical Research, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Information, Montpellier University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - M André
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Montpellier University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - J Gardes
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Montpellier University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - A Léger
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Montpellier University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - B O'Donoghue
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Raffard
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Montpellier University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; University Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPSYLON EA, Montpellier, France
| | - M Abbar
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Nimes University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - D Capdevielle
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Montpellier University Hospital, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Inserm 1061, Montpellier, France
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Lahmar M, Ahmed E, Vachier I, Fort A, Marin G, Molinari N, Bergougnoux A, Bourdin A. Hedgehog Interacting Protein (HHIP) polymorphisms involved in early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Rev Mal Respir 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2022.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lanham DA, Khan T, Patel M, Marin G, Baxter-Derrington C, Crissell T. Seven Day Safety Net Service. Acute Med 2022; 20:261-265. [PMID: 35072382 DOI: 10.52964/amja.0875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A seven day safety net telephone service was developed in an acute medical unit at a university hospital in London. The service attempts to provide all patients discharged from acute medicine with patient activated access to a member of the acute medical team. This allows patients to flag deterioration triggering further review in the ambulatory clinic or to ask for advice on symptoms or medication. Here we evaluate the first sixteen months of the service and report on its benefits and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Lanham
- Specialist Registrar for Acute Medicine and Geriatrics, MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Khan
- Acute Medicine Consultant, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M Patel
- Clinical Research Fellow, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - G Marin
- Advanced Clinical Practitioner, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - C Baxter-Derrington
- Health Intelligence, Medicine Board, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - T Crissell
- Performance Business Partner, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Ughetto A, Eliet J, Nagot N, David H, Bazalgette F, Marin G, Mourad M, Kollen S, Gaudard P, Colson P. Impact of temporary mechanical circulatory support on mortality in cardiogenic shock: an emulated target trial with a prospective, multicenter, French cohort study. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The field of temporary mechanical circulatory support (TMCS) has advanced in last decade justifying that TMCS is increasingly used for treatment of refractory cardiogenic shock (CS). Nevertheless, the efficacy of TMCS (extracorporeal life support (ECLS) and Impella) in CS remains controversial due to the lack of high-quality evidence. The aim of this prospective multicenter observational study simulating a randomized trial was to assess the impact of TMCS on the hospital mortality in patients with CS.
Methods
This study (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03528291) was conducted at 3 TMCS centers organized in a cardiac assistance network, one as a level 1 TMCS center (expert center), and 2 as level 2 centers (hub centers). The study was designed and led by the heart team of the expert center with input from the hub centers.
All patients admitted to an intensive care unit between July 2017 and May 2020 either directly at the TMCS centers or after transfer from a non-specialized hospital, were screened for TMCS indication provided they were admitted for CS. CS was defined according to the European Society of Cardiology criteria. Were excluded patients younger than 18 years, CS after cardiac surgery, or after cardiac arrest if it was refractory or with a no flow >3 min and/or out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with non-shockable rhythm, or CS in the context of myocardial infarction complications, massive pulmonary embolism, and if TMCS was contraindicated
TMCS indication was decided after a multidisciplinary discussion carried out by the “heart team”. Implantation of TMCS resulted from an agreement of the heart team within the first 24 hours after admission mainly based on the initial severity of the CS, or if CS was refractory to the medical treatment.
The primary outcome was in-hospital survival. A propensity score-weighted analysis was done for treatment-effect estimation. This method, which weights each patient according to their propensity score, includes all participants in the analysis.
Results
246 patients with CS were included in the study: 121 in TMCS group (72% ECLS, 14% Impella, 14% both ECLS and Impella) and 125 in control group. After adjustment by a propensity score, hospital mortality was comparable in the two groups (32% TMCS group vs 27% control group; Odds ratio with TMCS, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 0.87 to 1.88; p=0.21). Mortality at D180 was also similar in the two group (33% vs 30% respectively; p=0.51). Thromboembolic events were significantly higher in the TCMS group (14% vs 4%; p<0.01) as well as the transfusion rate ((median (IQR); 4.0 (0.0; 9.0) vs 0.0 (0.0; 0.0); p<0.01).
Conclusion
In our study, the use of TMCS does not seem to improve hospital survival in patients with cardiogenic shock. Thus, TMCS, which are iatrogenic side effects providers, should be reserved for the most severe patient and discussed by a multidisciplinary team.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Flow chart
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ughetto
- University Hospital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Montpellier, France
| | - J Eliet
- University Hospital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Montpellier, France
| | - N Nagot
- University of Montpellier, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France
| | - H David
- University Hospital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Montpellier, France
| | - F Bazalgette
- University Hospital of Nimes, Department of Critical care medicine, Nimes, France
| | - G Marin
- University of Montpellier, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France
| | - M Mourad
- University Hospital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Montpellier, France
| | - S Kollen
- Perpignan Hospital Centre, Department of Critical care medicine, Perpignan, France
| | - P Gaudard
- University Hospital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Montpellier, France
| | - P Colson
- University Hospital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Montpellier, France
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Giraudeau N, Duflos C, Moncayo C, Marin G, Baccino E, Martrille L, Inquimbert C. Teledentistry and forensic odontology: Cross-sectional observational comparative pilot study. Forensic Sci Int 2021; 326:110932. [PMID: 34343941 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.110932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Forensic dentistry is the branch of forensic science concerned with the study of teeth and jaws. To facilitate the work of experts, new comparative identification tools are emerging, with digital techniques such as the intra-oral camera, which are revolutionising current techniques in forensic dentistry. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic quality of the post-mortem odontogram carried out remotely via a video of the oral cavity using an intra-oral camera. The gold standard is the post-mortem odontogram obtained via the standard identification technique during the clinical examination. MATERIALS AND METHODS 25 deceased patients were included in the study and the data were collected in the Forensic Medicine and Thanatology Department at the University Hospital of Montpellier. The protocol was divided into three stages: the gold standard consultation, the recording of videos with the Soprocare® camera, and the remote analysis of the images obtained. The gold standard consultation and the remote analysis were carried out by two separate dental surgeons responsible for completing a clinical file, used to establish the odontogram of the deceased patient. RESULTS The study was carried out on 25 deceased subjects, between 13 May and 12 June 2019. Our sample was composed of 68% men and 32% women. A sensitivity threshold of 0.97 was observed for the performance of the odontogram, i.e., for all the teeth actually present in the mouth for all subjects in the study, 97% of them were identified with the videos taken using the intraoral camera. The examination with the intra-oral camera demonstrated a good diagnostic performance in the detection of missing teeth with a PPV of 97.9% and a NPV of 98.2%. Practitioner became more skilled at recording the videos with the intra-oral camera. One can therefore note an ease in the handling of this digital tool, which gradually improved with the number of subjects included in the study CONCLUSIONS: The Soprocare® intraoral camera has an acceptable diagnostic validity in establishing the odontogram of the deceased. It enables fundamental elements to be detected with optimal efficiency. However, several points still need to be improved, in order to make the use of the camera during data collection as easy and efficient as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Giraudeau
- CEPEL, UMR 5112, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Dental department, University Hospital of Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - C Duflos
- Service Clinical Research and Epidemiology Unit, Medical Information Department, CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - C Moncayo
- Dental department, University Hospital of Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - G Marin
- Service Clinical Research and Epidemiology Unit, Medical Information Department, CHU Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - E Baccino
- Forensic Medicine Unit, CHU de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - L Martrille
- Forensic Medicine Unit, CHU de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France
| | - C Inquimbert
- Dental department, University Hospital of Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Systematic Health Care, EA 4129, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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Delgado GE, Marin G, Wasim S, Rincón C, Singh DP. Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the Ordered Vacancy Compound Cu3In5Se9. Orbital: Electron J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.17807/orbital.v13i3.1560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Cerulli G, Marin G, Pierucci E, Potì B. Do company-owned academic patents influence firm performance? Evidence from the Italian industry. J Technol Transf 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10961-020-09840-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWe document that firms holding academic patents in their portfolios perform better in terms of market power since they benefit from academic knowledge spillovers generated by academic patents. On the other hand, we detect a negative effect on firms’ short-term profitability imputable to a larger fixed cost associated to the acquisition and exploitation of these patents. In terms of policy, our analysis suggests focusing on company-owned academic patents. A set of economic incentives dedicated to university–industry knowledge transfer through academic patents could support integration between basic and applied research.
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Huanca W, Marin G, Cordero A, Uchuari M, Huanca WF. 28 Evaluation invitro of two protocols of vitrification from alpaca (Vicugna pacos) embryos. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv33n2ab28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The reproductive efficiency of South American camelids as the alpaca is low, with a few number of animals having a good genetic characteristic. The transfer of cryopreserved embryos has great potential to disseminate valuable genetic, but the suitable protocol for such cryopreservation still needs to be developed. In this study, two protocols of vitrification of alpaca embryos were tested. Day 6.5 post-mating, embryos (n=66) were recovered from 14 female alpacas through a non-surgical technique and classified according to the characteristics of old world camelids reported by Skidmore et al. 2004 (Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 16, 605–609). Only quality 1 and 2 embryos were used for the study. They were placed together in 50-µL drops of holding medium for 30min and transferred to a 100-µL drop of equilibration solution 1, consisting of 7.5% (v/v) ethylene glycol (EG) + 0.25M sucrose. After 1min, embryos were transferred to equilibration solution 2, consisting of 15% (v/v) EG + 0.5M sucrose. After 2min, embryos were transferred into 2 consecutive drops of vitrification solutions A [SA: 30% (v/v) EG + 1M sucrose] for 20s each, then in 2 other drops of vitrification solution B [SB: 30% (v/v) EG + 3% glycerol + 1M sucrose] for 20s each. Thereafter, embryos were quickly loaded into open pulled straws (OPS) in a volume of 10µL and then plunged into liquid nitrogen. For warming, the OPS were held in air for 5s and subsequently thawed at 37°C for 50s. Straws were emptied into 1mL of prewarmed holding medium solution (HMS1) containing 1M sucrose for wash and the thawed blastocysts were transferred into a second 1mL of prewarmed HMS1. After 5min incubation at 37°C, the blastocysts were transferred into 1mL of warmed Holding medium solution 2 (HMS2) containing 0.5M sucrose maintained at room temperature (∼24°C) for evaluation. Data were analysed by the Chi-squared test. Post-thaw embryo expansion results were 81.3% and 58.8% for SA and SB (P<0.05), respectively. Post-thaw embryo quality (1 and 2) were found at 62.5% and 29.1% with SA and SB, respectively (P<0.05). In conclusion, the vitrification of alpaca embryos with the ethylene glycol:sucrose solution results in better post-thaw outcomes than the ethylene glycol:sucrose:glycerol. Further experiments with embryo transfer are needed.
This research was funded by FONDECYT project no. 149-2017.
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Bistoquet M, Galtier F, Marin G, Villard O, Ferreira R, Hermabessiere S, Montoya A, Jumas-Bilak E, Pageaux GP, Dereure O, Chanques G, Klouche K, Morquin D, Reynes J, Le Moing V, Picot MC, Tuaillon E, Makinson A. Increased risks of SARS-CoV-2 nosocomial acquisition in high-risk COVID-19 units justify personal protective equipment: a cross-sectional study. J Hosp Infect 2020; 107:108-110. [PMID: 33137443 PMCID: PMC7604137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Bistoquet
- Infectious Diseases Departement, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - F Galtier
- Clinical Investigation Centre (CIC), Inserm 1411, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - G Marin
- Department of Epidemiology, Medical Statistics and Public Health, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - O Villard
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France; Institute of Functional Genomics, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - R Ferreira
- Clinical Department for Osteoarticular Diseases and Biotherapy, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - S Hermabessiere
- Infectious Diseases Departement, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - A Montoya
- Infectious Diseases Departement, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - E Jumas-Bilak
- Hygiene Department, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - G-P Pageaux
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation,University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - O Dereure
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - G Chanques
- Department of Anaesthesia & Critical Care Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France; PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - K Klouche
- Intensive Care Unit, Univesity Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - D Morquin
- Infectious Diseases Departement, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - J Reynes
- Infectious Diseases Departement, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France; INSERM U1175/Institut de Recherche et de Developement, Unité Mixte International, Montpellier, France
| | - V Le Moing
- Infectious Diseases Departement, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France; INSERM U1175/Institut de Recherche et de Developement, Unité Mixte International, Montpellier, France
| | - M-C Picot
- Department of Epidemiology, Medical Statistics and Public Health, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - E Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
| | - A Makinson
- Infectious Diseases Departement, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France; INSERM U1175/Institut de Recherche et de Developement, Unité Mixte International, Montpellier, France.
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Filleron A, Laurens ME, Marin G, Marchandin H, Prodhomme O, Alkar F, Godreuil S, Nagot N, Cottalorda J, L'Kaissi M, Rodiere M, Vigue MG, Didelot MN, Michon AL, Delpont M, Louahem D, Jeziorski E. Short-course antibiotic treatment of bone and joint infections in children: a retrospective study at Montpellier University Hospital from 2009 to 2013. J Antimicrob Chemother 2020; 74:3579-3587. [PMID: 31504582 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkz358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute haematogenous bone and joint infections (AHBJI) represent a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency in children, with significant potential sequelae in the case of delayed treatment. Although historically the recommendations for treatment have been based on surgery and prolonged antibiotic therapy, recent studies have demonstrated that short-course antibiotic therapy is also effective. OBJECTIVES We evaluated a short-term antibiotic protocol for both osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in a 6 year retrospective study at the University Hospital of Montpellier. METHODS This protocol was based on an initial intravenous treatment with a re-evaluation after 48 h and an early switch to oral therapy in the case of a favourable clinical course for a minimum total duration of 15 days. Antibiotics were selected based on local microbiological epidemiology and systematically adapted to bacteriological results. RESULTS One hundred and seventy-six cases of AHBJI were included, comprising 56 patients with osteomyelitis, 95 with septic arthritis and 25 who had both of these. The aetiological agent was identified in 42% of the cases, with the main pathogens being Staphylococcus aureus (39%) and Kingella kingae (27%). The mean intravenous treatment duration was 4 days, while the total treatment duration was 15 days. There were no treatment failures, mild sequelae occurred in 1% of the cases and the secondary surgical revision rate was 7%. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study are comparable to those reported for evaluations of prolonged antibiotic therapy protocols, thus indicating that a common short-term antimicrobial therapy for the management of both osteomyelitis and septic arthritis (minimum of 15 days) is a viable option for treating AHBJI in children. Further prospective studies to confirm these findings are hence warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Filleron
- Service de pédiatrie, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France; INSERM U 1183, Université Montpellier-Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - M E Laurens
- Département de pédiatrie néonatale et de réanimation, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - G Marin
- Department d'Information Medicale, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - H Marchandin
- HydroSciences Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France; Laboratoire de microbiologie, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - O Prodhomme
- Département d'imagerie pédiatrique, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - F Alkar
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique infantile, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - S Godreuil
- Service de bactériologie, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier UMR MIVEGEC, UMR IRD 224-CNRS Inserm, 1058, Montpellier, France
| | - N Nagot
- Department d'Information Medicale, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - J Cottalorda
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique infantile, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - M L'Kaissi
- Service de chirurgie infantile, CHU de la réunion, Saint-Denis, France
| | - M Rodiere
- Département urgences post-urgences, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - M G Vigue
- Département urgences post-urgences, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - M N Didelot
- Service de bactériologie, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - A L Michon
- Service de bactériologie, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - M Delpont
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique infantile, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - D Louahem
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique infantile, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - E Jeziorski
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Département urgences post-urgences, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Bistoquet M, Hermabessiere S, Villard O, Marin G, Montoya A, Feirreira R, Picot M, Tuaillon E, Galtier F, Makinson A. Évaluer l’efficacité des mesures barrières pour limiter la transmission nosocomiale du SARS-CoV-2 : étude EMBELLIE. Med Mal Infect 2020. [PMCID: PMC7441930 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.06.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction La pandémie de COVID-19 a justifié, à partir du 17 mars 2020, l’instauration d’un confinement en France. Le personnel soignant a été rapidement identifié à risque d’infection du SARS-CoV-2, imposant des mesures barrières adaptées aux types d’exposition vis-à-vis des patients et des personnels de santé. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer la séroprévalence des infections COVID-19 chez des personnels de santé ayant différents niveaux d’exposition au SARS-CoV-2. Matériels et méthodes Étude monocentrique et transversale comparant la séroprévalence du COVID-19 auprès de trois groupes de personnels de santé de notre CHU travaillant dans une unité COVID (fortement exposés), non COVID (faiblement exposés) et sans contact patients (non exposés). Le dépistage sérologique a été proposé au personnel soignant sur la base d’une information généralisée dans chacun des services présélectionnés. Le critère de jugement principal était la présence d’anticorps par test sérologique satisfaisant aux critères de performances de la HAS (ID Screen® SARS-CoV-2-N IgG Indirect [ID.Vet]). Pour l’ensemble des cas positifs, une enquête individuelle a tenté de déterminer l’origine professionnelle ou non de l’infection. Le nombre de sujets à inclure était estimé à 156 par groupe sur la base d’une séroprévalence estimée à 7 % ± 4 %. Les prévalences ont été comparées entre les trois groupes à l’aide d’un test exact de Fisher. Afin d’ajuster sur l’âge, le sexe et la profession (médecin/interne, paramédical ou autre), une régression logistique a été réalisée. Résultats Entre le 21 avril et le 3 juin 2020, 647 personnes ont été incluses dans l’étude : 261 dans le groupe exposé, 227 dans le groupe faiblement exposé et 159 dans le groupe non exposé. L’âge médian était de 36 ans (écart interquartile [EIQ] : 29–47), 496 (76 %) étaient des femmes. Dix personnes présentaient des IgG anti-nucléocapisdes du SARS-CoV-2 dans le groupe exposé, deux chez les faiblement exposés et une chez les non-exposés, soit des prévalences respectives pour chaque groupe de 3,91 %, 0,88 % et 0,63 % (p = 0,022, test exact Fisher). Après ajustement sur l’âge, le sexe et la profession, le fait d’être fortement exposé était toujours significativement associé à une sérologie positive (odds ratio = 4,43 [intervalle de confiance à 95 % = 1,15–17,06] [p = 0,031]). Après enquête, 7 des 13 cas avec des sérologies positives étaient d’acquisition probablement professionnelle. Conclusion L’étude mets en évidence un risque d’infection professionnelle du SARS-CoV-2 dans un contexte de faible incidence régionale du COVID-19 en population générale. Cependant, la séroprévalence SARS-CoV-2 est très faible chez les personnels de santé travaillant en secteur COVID, et souvent d’acquisition extrahospitalière. Les mesures barrières ont donc permis de fortement limiter la transmission nosocomiale. Nos résultats sont à interpréter avec précaution en raison de biais d’échantillonnage possible.
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Alberdi I, Bender S, Riedel T, Avitable V, Boriaud O, Bosela M, Camia A, Cañellas I, Castro Rego F, Fischer C, Freudenschuß A, Fridman J, Gasparini P, Gschwantner T, Guerrero S, Kjartansson B, Kucera M, Lanz A, Marin G, Mubareka S, Notarangelo M, Nunes L, Pesty B, Pikula T, Redmond J, Rizzo M, Seben V, Snorrason A, Tomter S, Hernández L. Assessing forest availability for wood supply in Europe. For Policy Econ 2020; 111:102032. [PMID: 32140044 PMCID: PMC7043395 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2019.102032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The quantification of forests available for wood supply (FAWS) is essential for decision-making with regard to the maintenance and enhancement of forest resources and their contribution to the global carbon cycle. The provision of harmonized forest statistics is necessary for the development of forest associated policies and to support decision-making. Based on the National Forest Inventory (NFI) data from 13 European countries, we quantify and compare the areas and aboveground dry biomass (AGB) of FAWS and forest not available for wood supply (FNAWS) according to national and reference definitions by determining the restrictions and associated thresholds considered at country level to classify forests as FAWS or FNAWS. FAWS represent between 75 and 95 % of forest area and AGB for most of the countries in this study. Economic restrictions are the main factor limiting the availability of forests for wood supply, accounting for 67 % of the total FNAWS area and 56 % of the total FNAWS AGB, followed by environmental restrictions. Profitability, slope and accessibility as economic restrictions, and protected areas as environmental restrictions are the factors most frequently considered to distinguish between FAWS and FNAWS. With respect to the area of FNAWS associated with each type of restriction, an overlap among the restrictions of 13.7 % was identified. For most countries, the differences in the FNAWS areas and AGB estimates between national and reference definitions ranged from 0 to 5 %. These results highlight the applicability and reliability of a FAWS reference definition for most of the European countries studied, thereby facilitating a consistent approach to assess forests available for supply for the purpose of international reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Alberdi
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Ctra. La Coruña, 7.5 Km, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Bender
- Thünen Institute of Forest Ecosystems, Alfred-Möller-Straße 1, House 41/42, 16225, Eberswalde, Germany
| | - T. Riedel
- Thünen Institute of Forest Ecosystems, Alfred-Möller-Straße 1, House 41/42, 16225, Eberswalde, Germany
| | - V. Avitable
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027, Ispra, Italy
| | - O. Boriaud
- National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry, 128 Eroilor Boulevard, 077190, Voluntari, Ilfov, Romania
| | - M. Bosela
- National Forest Centre, T.G.Masaryka 22, Zvolen, 960 92, Slovak Republic
- Technical University in Zvolen, T.G. Masaryka 24, 960 53, Zvolen, Slovak Republic
| | - A. Camia
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027, Ispra, Italy
| | - I. Cañellas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Ctra. La Coruña, 7.5 Km, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Castro Rego
- Centre for Applied Ecology “Professor Baeta Neves” (CEABN), InBIO, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajud, 1349-017, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - C. Fischer
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - A. Freudenschuß
- Federal Research and Training Centre for Forests, Natural Hazards and Landscape (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1131, Vienna, Austria
| | - J. Fridman
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Forest Sciences, SE-901 83, Umea, Sweden
| | - P. Gasparini
- CREA – Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, P.zza Nicolini 6, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - T. Gschwantner
- Federal Research and Training Centre for Forests, Natural Hazards and Landscape (BFW), Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1131, Vienna, Austria
| | - S. Guerrero
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Ctra. La Coruña, 7.5 Km, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M. Kucera
- FMI Brandys nad Labem, Nabrezni 1326, 250 01, Brandys nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - A. Lanz
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - G. Marin
- National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry, 128 Eroilor Boulevard, 077190, Voluntari, Ilfov, Romania
| | - S. Mubareka
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027, Ispra, Italy
| | - M. Notarangelo
- CREA – Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, P.zza Nicolini 6, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - L. Nunes
- Centre for Applied Ecology “Professor Baeta Neves” (CEABN), InBIO, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajud, 1349-017, Lisboa, Portugal
- CITAB, Centre of the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Science, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - B. Pesty
- Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière, Château des barres, Nogent-sur-Vernisson, France
| | - T. Pikula
- FMI Brandys nad Labem, Nabrezni 1326, 250 01, Brandys nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - J. Redmond
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Johnstown Castle Estate, Wexford, Ireland
| | - M. Rizzo
- CREA – Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, P.zza Nicolini 6, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - V. Seben
- National Forest Centre, T.G.Masaryka 22, Zvolen, 960 92, Slovak Republic
| | - A. Snorrason
- Icelandic Forest Research, Mogilsa, 162 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - S. Tomter
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Høgskoleveien 8, 1433, Ås, Norway
| | - L. Hernández
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Ctra. La Coruña, 7.5 Km, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Maresiu OC, Anton M, Boeangiu S, Margineanu C, Penes D, Marin G, Geavlete O, Kulcsar I, Radu RI, Stoica E, Parasca C, Iliescu VA, Antohi EL, Chioncel O. 504 Intramural hematoma post transcatheter valve replacement. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Transcatheter valve replacement (TAVR ) is currently the optimal treatment for patients with severe aortic stenosis who are considered to have an intermediate to high operative risk for surgical intervention. Intramural hematoma secondary to balloon-expandable TAVR is a poorly reported complication with unknown outcome. Among the risk factors associated with this complication are advanced age, female gender, bulky calcifications, significant basal hypertrophy and severe prothesis oversizing.
Case report
We report the case of a 84 year old woman with a history of permanent atrial fibrillation, who was diagnosed with severe aortic stenosis symptomatic with heart failure NYHA class III. An important comorbidity was liver cirrhosis of viral etiology (hepatitis C virus) with secondary thrombocytopenia.
Transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) showed severe aortic stenosis with asymmetric calcifications, with preserved gradient (a peak velocity of 4.7 m/s, mean gradient of 63.3mmHg), mild left ventricular disfunction (ejection fraction 45%), and calculated aortic valve area of 0,9 cm2.
As a frail, high risk patient, the heart team recommended transcatheter aortic valve implantation. After complete computer tomographic evaluation, a 26 mm Edwards Sapien 3 valve was implanted through a femoral approach.
Intraprocedural transesophageal echocardiography showed the developement of an intramural hematoma in the aortic root (right coronary and noncoronary sinuses), associated with a small pericardial effusion. After administration of Protamine, betablockers and strict blood pressure control, no extension of the hematoma was noted.
Serial TEE showed significant regression of the hematoma and of the pericardial effusion, with normal parametres of the prothesis, with a transprothetic gradient of 23 mmHg, no aortic leak, no other complications.The patient was discharged 12 days after the procedure, clinically stable.
Conclusion
Aortic intramural hematoma may occur during intra-TAVR procedure. Although it may have a benign course, timely recognition and adequate imaging follow-up are mandatory in order to limit the extent and prevent life-threatening complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- O C Maresiu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - M Anton
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - S Boeangiu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - C Margineanu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - D Penes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - G Marin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - O Geavlete
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - I Kulcsar
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - R I Radu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - E Stoica
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - C Parasca
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - V A Iliescu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - E L Antohi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - O Chioncel
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
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Boeangiu S, Stoica E, Anton M, Maresiu C, Margineanu C, Marin G, Penes D, Chioncel O. P1305 Rare complication of a frequent disease. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Splenic abcess represents a rare complication of left-sided infective endocarditis. Unlike splenic infarction, which is a more benign condition, splenic abcess requires rapid diagnosis and treatment as its course can be fatal.
We present the case of a 52- year old male, with diabetes and hypertension, admitted for shortness of breath and fever in the past two months.
Clinical examination revealed respiratory distress, tachypnea, diastolic murmur on the left sternal border. Baseline laboratory investigations showed elevated inflammation markers, leukocytosis and thrombocytosis. Enterococcus faecalis was isolated from the hemocultures.
Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a dilated left ventricle (LV), with preserved LV ejection fraction, with severe aortic regurgitation due to valve destruction. A large (11mm diameter) vegetation-like structure attached to the ventricular side of the right coronary cusp, protruding into the left ventricular outflow tract was identified. Further evaluation by transoesopahgeal echocardiography did not identify other lesions, except for secondary moderate mitral regurgitation, with intact mitral leaflets. Dual antibiotic therapy with Ampicilin and Gentamycin was initiated. Surgery was planned after infection control.
The first three days were uneventful, with rapid resolution of fever and inflammatory markers, but on the fourth day, the patient developed severe abdominal pain, with its focal point in the left hypochondrium. Contrast abdominal CT was performed and large multiple subcapsular lesions were identified. These findings, correlated with the symptomatology, suggested embolic splenic abcess and infarction.
The patient successfully underwent laparoscopic splenectomy, but soon after he developed sepsis with respiratory failure and neurological deterioration (with normal CT scan) and was admitted to the intensive care unit, where he was intubated and mechanically ventilated.
Consensus after discussions between cardiology, cardiac surgery and neurology services was to immediately replace the aortic valve, given the inability to otherwise control the infection. Intraoperative images were consistent with perforation of the right coronary cusp.
During hospitalization in the ICU following cardiac surgery, the patient was extubated and his neurological function markedly improved. Repeated TTE and TEE showed normal prosthetic valve function and resolution of mitral regurgitation. The patient continued to improve clinically until his discharge.
Conclusions
We presented a case of a rare pathogenic entity- splenic abscess and infarction- due to systemic embolization from infective aortic valve endocarditis. Multidisciplinary teamwork was required between cardiologist, intensive care specialist, neurologist, infectionist, general surgeon and cardiac surgeon. Splenectomy was performed before valve replacement, a treatment-course characteristic in the occurrence of these rare cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Boeangiu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - E Stoica
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - M Anton
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - C Maresiu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - C Margineanu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - G Marin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - D Penes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - O Chioncel
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Prof. C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania
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Chen Z, Marin G, Popp D, Vona F. Green Stimulus in a Post-pandemic Recovery: the Role of Skills for a Resilient Recovery. Environ Resour Econ (Dordr) 2020; 76:901-911. [PMID: 32836847 PMCID: PMC7399593 DOI: 10.1007/s10640-020-00464-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
As nations struggle to restart their economy after COVID-19 lockdowns, calls to include green investments in a pandemic-related stimulus are growing. Yet little research provides evidence of the effectiveness of a green stimulus. We begin by summarizing recent research on the effectiveness of the green portion of the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act on employment growth. Green investments are most effective in communities whose workers have the appropriate "green" skills. We then provide new evidence on the skills requirements of both green and brown occupations, as well as from occupations at risk of job losses due to COVID-19, to illustrate which workers are most likely to benefit from a pandemic-related green stimulus. We find similarities between some energy sector workers and green jobs, but a poor match between green jobs and occupations at risk due to COVID-19. Finally, we provide suggestive evidence on the potential for job training programs to help ease the transition to a green economy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanni Marin
- University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
- SEEDS, Urbino, Italy
| | - David Popp
- Syracuse University, New York, USA
- NBER, Cambridge, USA
| | - Francesco Vona
- OFCE Sciences-Po, Paris, France
- SKEMA Business School, Université Côte d’Azur, Valbonne, France
- CMCC, Ca’ Foscari, Venice, Italy
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21
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Marin G, Bruzzoni-Giovanelli H, Schinella G. T cell leukemia control via Ras-Raf pathway inhibition with peptides. J Med Life 2017; 10:172-175. [PMID: 29075346 PMCID: PMC5652266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway has been considered a promising target for anticancer therapy. However, tumor cells may develop resistance against such drugs via hyperactivation of N-Ras, which explains why novel therapeut-ic approaches. In this sense, the Institute Curie- Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 6) designed peptides in order to disturb Ras/Raf interaction which showed pro-apoptotic properties. These peptides were patented as WO2015001045 A2 (PCT/EP2014/064243)5. OBJECTIVE In order to check the anti-tumoral action of WO2015001045 A2 peptides in a very aggressive BALB/c mice spontaneous leukemia called LB, we performed the present study. METHOD & RESULTS 50 BALB/c mice inoculated with 106 LB tumor cells were randomly assigned either to control (placebo) or treatment group (that daily received 3 mg of peptide per kg of mice) during 30 days. By day 15 only 24% of the control group was alive vs. 100% of the treatment group. The average survival in treated group was 20,27 days while in control group the mean survival was 15,48 days. Either bone marrow, spleen or axillary nodes demonstrated a higher level of malignant T cell presence compare with treated group (89,78% ; 95,64% & 77,68% versus 72,45%, 80,23% & 63.44% respectively for each organ inspected. DISCUSSION Our study demonstrated an improvement in survival curves in mice model affected by spontaneous T lymphoid leukemia when peptides WO2015001045 A2 were used. These peptides might be a valid option to become part of the therapeutic armory for malignant lymphoproliferative diseases control.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Marin
- National University of La Plata - CONICET, Pharmacology Rebollo, Angelita; CIMI, Inserm/UPMC/CNRS- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 6, France; Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses Piazzon, Isabel; National Academia of Medicine, Argentina, Immunology Researcher of the Experimental Immunology Laboratory
| | - H Bruzzoni-Giovanelli
- Université Paris 7- Hôpital Saint Louis, Pharmacology - Centre d’Investigations Cliniques Duarte, Alejandra; National Academia of Medicine, Experimental Immunology Laboratory
| | - G Schinella
- National University of La Plata, Pharmacology Errecalde, Jorge; Universidad Nacional de la Plata Facultad de Ciencias Medicas
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22
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Cabon Y, Molinari N, Marin G, Vachier I, Gamez AS, Chanez P, Bourdin A. Comparison of anti-interleukin-5 therapies in patients with severe asthma: global and indirect meta-analyses of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 47:129-138. [PMID: 27859832 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Inconsistent results have been reported regarding IL-5 blockade treatment in asthma. There were no direct between-treatment comparisons. Only differences between each drug and placebo were studied. We identified all RCTs with anti-IL5 treatments for patients with asthma over the 1990-September 2015 period. RCTs were searched on Medline, Cochrane and Embase. At least 50 patients were enrolled in each study. Outcomes considered were exacerbation rate reduction, FEV1 changes, ACQ-5 improvement, adverse events and serious adverse events. A global meta-analysis was first conducted followed by an indirect comparison of each IL-5-targeting drug: benralizumab, reslizumab and mepolizumab. Further eosinophilic subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were also conducted in case of heterogeneity. Ten trials involving 3421 patients were eligible for meta-analysis. IL-5 blockade significantly reduced annual exacerbation rates vs. placebo by 40% [29-50] (P < 0.01, I2 = 0.61). ACQ-5 was significantly improved vs. placebo but below the recognized MCID level (-0.31 [-0.41, -0.21], P < 0.01, I2 = 0.11). FEV1 changes from baseline were improved vs. placebo by 0.09 L [0.05-0.12] (P < 0.01, I2 = 0.28). The subgroup analysis identified a slight additional improvement in mean treatment effects in eosinophilic (> 300 mm3 /L) patients with severe asthma. Similar patterns and rates of adverse events and severe adverse events were reported with the three drugs. The data interpretations were not affected by the sensitivity analysis. IL-5 blockade appears to be a relevant treatment strategy to improve severe asthma management, particularly for eosinophilic patients. No clear superiority appeared between the drugs when appropriate doses were compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Cabon
- Department of Medical Information, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - N Molinari
- Department of Medical Information, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France.,PhyMedExp, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - G Marin
- Department of Medical Information, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - I Vachier
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - A S Gamez
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - P Chanez
- AP HM Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - A Bourdin
- PhyMedExp, INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
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Marin BV, Marin G, Padilla AM, De La Rocha C, Fay J. Health Care Utilization by Low-Income Clients of a Community Clinic: An Archival Study. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 2016; 3:257-73. [PMID: 12267282 DOI: 10.1177/073998638100300303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An archival study was done of 500 medical records from a community clinic serving a low-income predominantly Hispanic area of Los Angeles. Data collected included demographic characteristics and presenting symptoms or reasons for visit, as well as diagnoses and treatment. Patients tended to be young, poor, female Hispanics. The majority of patient visits were for family planning services, with smaller proportions for pediatric, general medical, or pregnancy testing services. Return rates for family planning and other services were not as high as desirable, with more than half of the sample having made only one clinic visit. A careful analysis of the demographic characteristics of oral contraceptive acceptors who returned or did not return for services indicated that the two groups were similar to each other except that married women were more likely to return than single women. One quarter of positive pregnancy tests were done on women who were more than 12 weeks pregnant, while another quarter of positive tests were referred for abortion. The data highlighted certain changes needed in service delivery, such as the need for a pre- and postnatal care component of service and a need to attract more older and male patients. In the future, collection of archival data from this same clinic could facilitate the evaluation of certain policy changes, since those data could be compared with the present findings.
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Marin G, Mazzanti M. The dynamics of delinking in industrial emissions: The role of productivity, trade and R&D. Journal of Innovation Economics 2009. [DOI: 10.3917/jie.003.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Bourrigaud S, Marin G, Dabas V, Dupuy C, Silagy D. The draw ratio–Deborah number diagram: A useful tool for coating applications. POLYM ENG SCI 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.20476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Marin G, Andruh M, Wilson C, Blake A, Champness N, Schroder M. High-dimensional structures constructed from alkoxo-bridged complexes as nodes. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305084783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Clusmann H, Kral T, Marin G, Van Roost D, Swamy K, Schramm J. Characterization of Hemorrhagic Complications after Surgery for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 65:128-34. [PMID: 15306977 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-822788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the significance of symptomatic hemorrhagic complications occurring after different temporal resections for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and to compare this data to findings with postoperative hematomas after temporal surgery for mostly glial or metastatic tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patient charts were retrospectively reviewed for 442 patients who underwent surgery for refractory TLE between 1995 and 2000. Procedures were 247 transsylvian amygdalohippocampectomies (AH), 40 transcortical AH, 57 anterior temporal lobectomies (ATL), 23 lesionectomies plus AH, and 75 lesionectomies without AH. All patients with delayed awakening or new neurological deficits due to hemorrhages were included in the study. An identical procedure was performed to detect symptomatic hemorrhages after 208 procedures for temporal tumor resection during the same time period. RESULTS Symptomatic postoperative hemorrhages were found in 17 patients (3.8 %) undergoing epilepsy surgery, while the incidence was 3.0 % in a group with space-occupying temporal tumors (six patients). Hemorrhages showed a characteristic distribution after epilepsy surgery: in eight patients they were located remote from the site of surgery in the upper cerebellar vermis and foliae. Five typical hemorrhages associated with dysphasia were found in the left frontal operculum, only three patients had hematomas in the resection cavity, and one was located epidurally. Two patients had more than one location of hemorrhage. Transsylvian AH and ATL had a similar risk for postoperative hemorrhage, whereas none was found after lateral lesionectomies or transcortical AH. Intraoperative manipulations were associated with opercular hemorrhages; the only predisposing factor for resection site hematomas was older age, whereas cerebellar hemorrhages were associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) loss during AH and ATL. There was no mortality in the TLE group, and 0.75 % permanent mild deficits. Seizure outcome did not differ from the rest of the group (82.5 % satisfactory seizure control). In contrast, all intraaxial hematomas after tumor surgery (N = 4, incidence 1.9 %) were located in or adjacent to the resection cavity. Prognosis was much worse with parenchymal hemorrhages after tumor surgery: three of four patients died, one survived with a severe hemiparesis, only two patients with extraaxial hematomas (incidence 1 %) had a complete recovery. The 3 % incidence of symptomatic hemorrhages was only insignificantly lower compared to the TLE group, patients with tumor surgery were older than TLE patients (49 versus 33 years), and in five of six patients only incomplete tumor resection was achieved. CONCLUSION Although associated with a low permanent morbidity, features of postoperative hemorrhages after TLE surgery are characteristically different to complications after surgery for other indications, which has to be kept in mind for patient counseling and obtaining informed consent.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Brain Neoplasms/surgery
- Cerebral Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging
- Cerebral Hemorrhage/etiology
- Cerebral Hemorrhage/pathology
- Databases, Factual
- Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/complications
- Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/surgery
- Female
- Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/diagnostic imaging
- Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/etiology
- Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial/pathology
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neurosurgical Procedures/adverse effects
- Postoperative Complications/diagnostic imaging
- Postoperative Complications/pathology
- Retrospective Studies
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Affiliation(s)
- H Clusmann
- Neurochirurgische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Bourrigaud
- LPCP, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, C.N.R.S. Avenue de l'Université, BP1155 64013 Pau Cedex, France, and LMT-Cachan, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Université Paris 6, C.N.R.S. 61 Avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan Cedex, France
| | - G. Marin
- LPCP, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, C.N.R.S. Avenue de l'Université, BP1155 64013 Pau Cedex, France, and LMT-Cachan, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Université Paris 6, C.N.R.S. 61 Avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan Cedex, France
| | - A. Poitou
- LPCP, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, C.N.R.S. Avenue de l'Université, BP1155 64013 Pau Cedex, France, and LMT-Cachan, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Université Paris 6, C.N.R.S. 61 Avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan Cedex, France
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Delgado JM, Marin G, Guevara R, Wasim SM, Rincon C, Sanchez G. X-ray powder diffraction study and optical characterization of the Cu(In 1−xGa x) 3Te 5semiconducting system. Acta Crystallogr A 2002. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767302091304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Montfort JP, Marin G, Monge P. Molecular weight distribution dependence of the viscoelastic properties of linear polymers: the coupling of reptation and tube-renewal effects. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00161a034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Benallal A, Marin G, Montfort JP, Derail C. Linear viscoelasticity revisited: the relaxation function of monodisperse polymer melts. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00078a018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Raju VR, Menezes EV, Marin G, Graessley WW, Fetters LJ. Concentration and molecular weight dependence of viscoelastic properties in linear and star polymers. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma50007a011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Matessi G, Pilastro A, Marin G. Population Memetic Analysis of Variation of Song, Geographical Distribution and Bill Morphology in the Reed Bunting. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1556/select.2.2001.1-2.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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37
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Marin G. Vestibulectomy as treatment for vestibulitis. J Reprod Med 2001; 46:1078-9. [PMID: 11789090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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Farinati F, Gianni S, Marin G, Fagiuoli S, Rinaldi M, Naccarato R. Does the choice of treatment influence survival of patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma in compensated cirrhosis? Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001; 13:1217-24. [PMID: 11711779 DOI: 10.1097/00042737-200110000-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Untreated patients with small, single hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in compensated cirrhosis are characterized by a relatively good prognosis. METHODS We report the findings generated in a retrospective study on a cohort of 186 consecutive patients with small (< 5 cm) HCC in Child A or B cirrhosis, who were transplanted (four), underwent surgery (15), or were treated with percutaneous ethanol injection (117), lipiodol chemoembolization (44) or best supportive care (six), depending on their clinical features. RESULTS Overall survival was 26% at 5 years (31% Child A, 20% Child B), with a mean and median survival of 44 and 38 months, respectively. The longest survival was obtained with transplantation and surgery, and the worst with best supportive care. When untreated patients were not considered, no significant differences were observed between the different types of treatment, however, even when patients in the Child A group were considered alone. Almost all the patients who underwent surgery relapsed. No significant difference was observed in relation to the stage of the disease, while alpha-fetoprotein levels were singled out as the only relevant prognostic factor in a multivariate Cox's regression model. Costs per year of life saved were extremely high for transplantation and lowest for ethanol injection, with surgery being less expensive than chemoembolization. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms that patients with single, small HCC nodules in well compensated cirrhosis should be treated. The choice of type of treatment should be based on the availability of local resources and expertise, and on the patients' preference, after they have been properly informed on the survival, morbidity and mortality related to each treatment option. The relative cost of the procedures should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Farinati
- Cattedra di Gastroenterologia - Sezione di Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Gastroenterologiche, Policlinico Universitario, Padova, Italy.
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Baillet S, Riera JJ, Marin G, Mangin JF, Aubert J, Garnero L. Evaluation of inverse methods and head models for EEG source localization using a human skull phantom. Phys Med Biol 2001; 46:77-96. [PMID: 11197680 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/46/1/306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We used a real-skull phantom head to investigate the performances of representative methods for EEG source localization when considering various head models. We describe several experiments using a montage with current sources located at multiple positions and orientations inside a human skull filled with a conductive medium. The robustness of selected methods based on distributed source models is evaluated as various solutions to the forward problem (from the sphere to the finite element method) are considered. Experimental results indicate that inverse methods using appropriate cortex-based source models are almost always able to locate the active source with excellent precision, with little or no spurious activity in close or distant regions, even when two sources are simultaneously active. Superior regularization schemes for solving the inverse problem can dramatically help the estimation of sparse and focal active zones, despite significant approximation of the head geometry and the conductivity properties of the head tissues. Realistic head models are necessary, though, to fit the data with a reasonable level of residual variance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Baillet
- Cognitive Neuroscience and Brain Imaging Laboratory, CNRS UPR640-LENA, H pital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
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Garnero L, Baillet S, Marin G, Renault B, Guérin C, Meunier G. Introducing priors in the EEG/MEG inverse problem. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl 2000; 50:183-9. [PMID: 10689461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Garnero
- LENA UPR 640-CNRS, Hôpital La Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Letelier JC, Mpodozis J, Marin G, Morales D, Rozas C, Madrid C, Velasco M. Spatiotemporal profile of synaptic activation produced by the electrical and visual stimulation of retinal inputs to the optic tectum: a current source density analysis in the pigeon (Columba livia). Eur J Neurosci 2000; 12:47-57. [PMID: 10651859 DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2000.00872.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The optic tectum of the pigeon is a highly organized, multilayered structure that receives a massive polystratified afference of at least five different populations of retinal ganglion cells and gives rise to various anatomically segregated efferent systems. The synaptic organization of retino-tectal circuitry is, at present, mostly unknown. To investigate the spatiotemporal profile of synaptic activation produced by differential (electrical and visual) stimulation of the retinal inputs, we performed a high-spatial-resolution current source density analysis in the optic tectum of the anaesthetized pigeon. Electrical stimuli consisted of brief pulses of different durations applied to the optic nerve head, while visual stimuli consisted of light flashes of different intensities. Electrical stimulation generated sinks confined to retinorecipient layers. The temporal structure, spatial location and thresholds of these sinks indicated that they are all due to primary tectal synapses of retinal fibers with different conduction velocities. Sinks evoked by the fastest retinal axons were more superficially located than sinks produced by slower retinal fibers. Visual stimulation, on the other hand, resulted in a more complex pattern of current sinks, with various sinks located in the retinorecipient layers and also well below. Visual stimulation induced action potentials at superficial as well as deep tectal levels. We conclude that electrical stimulation activates most of the populations of ganglion cells as well as their primary tectal synapses, but is unable to elicit a significant activation of secondary tectal synapses. Visual stimulation, on the contrary, activates just some of the incoming retinal populations, but in a way that produces noticeable secondary activation of intratectal circuits. Laminar segregation of retinally evoked tectal activity, as reported here, has also been found in other vertebrates. Similarities and differences with previous studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Letelier
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile.
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Letelier JC, Mpodozis J, Marin G, Morales D, Henny P, Madrid C, Velasco M. Reversible mechanical fixation of eye position in awake head-restrained pigeons (Columba livia). J Neurosci Methods 1999; 91:67-71. [PMID: 10522825 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-0270(99)00073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Here we describe a method to fix gaze positions and to significantly reduce saccadic oscillations in pigeons. The procedure consists of a mechanical immobilization of the eye through the use of an electromagnet that exerts a radial force upon a small metal rectangle glued to the dorsal part of the eye. The method can be used in avian visual neurophysiology in order to hold the eye immobilized for periods of time, long enough to map the properties of visual receptive fields and investigate the possible functions of saccadic oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Letelier
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago.
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Abstract
Though very frequently assumed, the necessity to operate a joint processing of simultaneous magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) recordings for functional brain imaging has never been clearly demonstrated. However, the very last generation of MEG instruments allows the simultaneous recording of brain magnetic fields and electrical potentials on the scalp. But the general fear regarding the fusion between MEG and EEG data is that the drawbacks from one modality will systematically spoil the performances of the other one without any consequent improvement. This is the case for instance for the estimation of deeper or radial sources with MEG. In this paper, we propose a method for a cooperative processing of MEG and EEG in a distributed source model. First, the evaluation of the respective performances of each modality for the estimation of every dipole in the source pattern is made using a conditional entropy criterion. Then, the algorithm operates a preprocessing of the MEG and EEG gain matrices which minimizes the mutual information between these two transfer functions, by a selective weighting of the MEG and EEG lead fields. This new combined EEG/MEG modality brings major improvements to the localization of active sources, together with reduced sensitivity to perturbations on data.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Baillet
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Imagerie Cérébrale, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, CNRS-Université Paris VI, France.
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Abstract
In passerine birds morphological differentiation in bill size within species is not commonly observed. Bill size is usually associated with a trophic niche, and strong differences in it may reflect the process of genetic differentiation and, possibly, speciation. We used both mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear microsatellites to study genetic variation between two subspecies of reed bunting, Emberiza schoeniclus schoeniclus and E.s. intermedia, along their distributional boundary in western Europe. These two subspecies are characterized by a high dimorphism in bill size and, although breeding populations of the two subspecies are found very close to each other in northern Italy, apparently no interbreeding occurs. The observed morphological pattern between the two subspecies may be maintained by geographically varying selective forces or, alternatively, may be the result of a long geographical separation followed by a secondary contact. MtDNA sequences of cytochrome b and ND5 (515 bp) showed little variation and did not discriminate between the two subspecies, indicating a divergence time of less than 500 000 years. The analysis of four microsatellite loci suggested a clear, although weak, degree of genetic differentiation in the large- and small-billed populations, as indicated by FST and RST values and genetic distances. The correlation between bill size and genetic distance between populations remained significant after accounting for the geographical distances between sampling localities. Altogether, these results indicate a very recent genetic differentiation between the two bill morphs and suggest that a strong selection for large bills in the southern part of the breeding range is probably involved in maintaining the geographical differentiation of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Grapputo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita'di Padova, Italy.
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Baillet S, Marin G, Renault B, Garnero L. Report on an Experiment Using a Real Skull Phantom Head for the Validation of the Inverse Problem in EEG and MEG. Neuroimage 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(18)31507-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Nicoletto MO, Tumolo S, Talamini R, Salvagno L, Franceschi S, Visonà E, Marin G, Angelini F, Brigato G, Scarabelli C, Carbone A, Cecchetto A, Prosperi A, Rosabian A, Giusto M, Cima GP, Morassut S, Nascimben O, Vinante O, Fiorentino MV. Surgical second look in ovarian cancer: a randomized study in patients with laparoscopic complete remission--a Northeastern Oncology Cooperative Group-Ovarian Cancer Cooperative Group Study. J Clin Oncol 1997; 15:994-9. [PMID: 9060538 DOI: 10.1200/jco.1997.15.3.994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The usefulness of extensive and repetitive surgery for patients with ovarian cancer still remains unproven (at least for some conditions). We planned an accurate prospective test of the hypothesis that patients with advanced-stage disease, after they had reached a clinical complete remission (CR), may benefit from surgical second look (SSL). PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred two patients in CR (as assessed by clinical findings, markers, and visualization by computed tomographic [CT] scan and laparoscopy), after initial debulking and first-line chemotherapy, were randomized to two arms, which were well balanced for predictive criteria such as age, stage at presentation, histology, grading, date of randomization, and residua after first surgery. Forty-eight patients were randomly assigned to receive follow-up evaluation only, while 54 were assigned to receive second surgery (eight of them refused). Of 46 surgical patients, 35 had negative and 11 positive surgical findings (24% clinically false-negative). RESULTS Despite the microscopic residua found at open surgery, and the fact that the patients were then treated with second-line chemotherapy, SSL did not increase the probability of survival in this setting. In an analysis of the results according to the intention-to-treat criteria, after a 60-month follow-up period, the overall survival rates in the two groups of patients (SSL v no SSL) were 65% and 78%, respectively (P = .14). Multivariate analysis according to predictive criteria confirmed there was no significant difference between the two groups (P = .39). CONCLUSION Our study shows the following: (1) our second-line treatment is scarcely effective; (2) SSL accurately defines complete responders to first-line chemotherapy; (3) SSL per se does not prolong survival; and (4) if confirmed, a less invasive procedure could replace SSL as a valuable method in new first-line regimens in ovarian cancer patients with clinical CR confirmed by laparoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Nicoletto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano, Italy
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Rangel A, Baduí E, Jara LJ, Chávez E, Solorio S, Enciso R, Verdín R, Marin G. Pulmonary valvular stenosis associated with Takayasu's Disease. Favorable response to corticosteroids. A case report. Angiology 1996; 47:717-24. [PMID: 8686969 DOI: 10.1177/000331979604700714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The authors describe the first reported case of type IV Takayasu's arteritis with pulmonary valve stenosis. After thirty months under corticosteroid therapy the disappearance of the pulmonary valve stenosis signs was observed in the patient. In the same patient coarctation of the aorta, aortic insufficiency, stenosis of both pulmonary arteries, and left coronary artery stenosis were observed. This case illustrates the extensive cardiovascular involvement that can occur in Takayasu's arteritis and suggests that pulmonary valvular stenosis could be secondary to the same inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rangel
- Departamento de Hemodinamia de la Division de Cardiologia, Hospital de Especialidades y Hospital General, Centro Medico "La Raza" Mexico, D.F
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50
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Abstract
The Dermogynaecology Clinic was established at the Mercy Hospital for Women in 1989. Since its inception, 700 patients have been investigated and 15% were clinically diagnosed as having contact dermatitis. Primary irritant dermatitis was regarded as the common cause but to investigate the place of contact allergy 50 patients were patch tested to a standard battery, medicaments, preservatives, corticosteroids and miscellaneous allergens. Twenty-one patients (42%) had a total of 44 positive tests. The most common positive reactions were to nickel (22%), cobalt (6%), fragrances (12%), caine mix (6%) and ethylenediamine (8%). Medicaments and fragrances were regarded as important allergens. Corticosteroid and imidazole allergy was not a problem in this series of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Brenan
- Dermogynaecology Clinic, Mercy Hospital for Women, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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