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Perestrelo AR, Silva AC, Oliver-De La Cruz J, Martino F, Horváth V, Caluori G, Polanský O, Vinarský V, Azzato G, de Marco G, Žampachová V, Skládal P, Pagliari S, Rainer A, Pinto-do-Ó P, Caravella A, Koci K, Nascimento DS, Forte G. Multiscale Analysis of Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in the Failing Heart. Circ Res 2021; 128:24-38. [PMID: 33106094 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.317685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Cardiac ECM (extracellular matrix) comprises a dynamic molecular network providing structural support to heart tissue function. Understanding the impact of ECM remodeling on cardiac cells during heart failure (HF) is essential to prevent adverse ventricular remodeling and restore organ functionality in affected patients. OBJECTIVES We aimed to (1) identify consistent modifications to cardiac ECM structure and mechanics that contribute to HF and (2) determine the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS We first performed decellularization of human and murine ECM (decellularized ECM) and then analyzed the pathological changes occurring in decellularized ECM during HF by atomic force microscopy, 2-photon microscopy, high-resolution 3-dimensional image analysis, and computational fluid dynamics simulation. We then performed molecular and functional assays in patient-derived cardiac fibroblasts based on YAP (yes-associated protein)-transcriptional enhanced associate domain (TEAD) mechanosensing activity and collagen contraction assays. The analysis of HF decellularized ECM resulting from ischemic or dilated cardiomyopathy, as well as from mouse infarcted tissue, identified a common pattern of modifications in their 3-dimensional topography. As compared with healthy heart, HF ECM exhibited aligned, flat, and compact fiber bundles, with reduced elasticity and organizational complexity. At the molecular level, RNA sequencing of HF cardiac fibroblasts highlighted the overrepresentation of dysregulated genes involved in ECM organization, or being connected to TGFβ1 (transforming growth factor β1), interleukin-1, TNF-α, and BDNF signaling pathways. Functional tests performed on HF cardiac fibroblasts pointed at mechanosensor YAP as a key player in ECM remodeling in the diseased heart via transcriptional activation of focal adhesion assembly. Finally, in vitro experiments clarified pathological cardiac ECM prevents cell homing, thus providing further hints to identify a possible window of action for cell therapy in cardiac diseases. CONCLUSIONS Our multiparametric approach has highlighted repercussions of ECM remodeling on cell homing, cardiac fibroblast activation, and focal adhesion protein expression via hyperactivated YAP signaling during HF.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/genetics
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/metabolism
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/pathology
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/physiopathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Movement
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Extracellular Matrix/genetics
- Extracellular Matrix/metabolism
- Extracellular Matrix/ultrastructure
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Fibroblasts/ultrastructure
- Heart Failure/genetics
- Heart Failure/metabolism
- Heart Failure/pathology
- Heart Failure/physiopathology
- Humans
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Myocardial Infarction/genetics
- Myocardial Infarction/metabolism
- Myocardial Infarction/pathology
- Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocardium/ultrastructure
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Ventricular Function, Left
- Ventricular Remodeling
- YAP-Signaling Proteins
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rubina Perestrelo
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic (A.R.P., J.O.-D.L.C., F.M., V.H., G.C., O.P., V.V., S.P., K.K., G.F.)
| | - Ana Catarina Silva
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto (A.C.S., P.P.-d.Ó., D.S.N.)
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.S., P.P.-d.Ó., D.S.N.)
- Gladstone Institute University of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (A.C.S., J.O.-D.L.C.)
| | - Jorge Oliver-De La Cruz
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic (A.R.P., J.O.-D.L.C., F.M., V.H., G.C., O.P., V.V., S.P., K.K., G.F.)
- Gladstone Institute University of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (A.C.S., J.O.-D.L.C.)
- Competence Center for Mechanobiology in Regenerative Medicine, INTERREG ATCZ133, Brno, Czech Republic (J.O.-D.L.C., F.M., V.V., G.F.)
| | - Fabiana Martino
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic (A.R.P., J.O.-D.L.C., F.M., V.H., G.C., O.P., V.V., S.P., K.K., G.F.)
- Competence Center for Mechanobiology in Regenerative Medicine, INTERREG ATCZ133, Brno, Czech Republic (J.O.-D.L.C., F.M., V.V., G.F.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biology, Masaryk University, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic (F.M.)
| | - Vladimír Horváth
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic (A.R.P., J.O.-D.L.C., F.M., V.H., G.C., O.P., V.V., S.P., K.K., G.F.)
- Centre for Cardiovascular and Transplant Surgery, Brno, Czech Republic (V.H.)
| | - Guido Caluori
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic (A.R.P., J.O.-D.L.C., F.M., V.H., G.C., O.P., V.V., S.P., K.K., G.F.)
- Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (G.C., P.S.)
| | - Ondřej Polanský
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic (A.R.P., J.O.-D.L.C., F.M., V.H., G.C., O.P., V.V., S.P., K.K., G.F.)
| | - Vladimír Vinarský
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic (A.R.P., J.O.-D.L.C., F.M., V.H., G.C., O.P., V.V., S.P., K.K., G.F.)
- Competence Center for Mechanobiology in Regenerative Medicine, INTERREG ATCZ133, Brno, Czech Republic (J.O.-D.L.C., F.M., V.V., G.F.)
| | - Giulia Azzato
- Department of Computer Engineering, Modelling, Electronics and Systems Engineering (G.A., A.C.), University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Giuseppe de Marco
- Information Technology Center (G.d.M.), University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Víta Žampachová
- First Institute of Pathological Anatomy, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (V.Ž.)
| | - Petr Skládal
- Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (G.C., P.S.)
| | - Stefania Pagliari
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic (A.R.P., J.O.-D.L.C., F.M., V.H., G.C., O.P., V.V., S.P., K.K., G.F.)
| | - Alberto Rainer
- Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy (A.R.)
- Institute of Nanotechnologies (NANOTEC), National Research Council, Lecce, Italy (A.R.)
| | - Perpétua Pinto-do-Ó
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto (A.C.S., P.P.-d.Ó., D.S.N.)
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.S., P.P.-d.Ó., D.S.N.)
| | - Alessio Caravella
- Department of Computer Engineering, Modelling, Electronics and Systems Engineering (G.A., A.C.), University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Kamila Koci
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic (A.R.P., J.O.-D.L.C., F.M., V.H., G.C., O.P., V.V., S.P., K.K., G.F.)
| | - Diana S Nascimento
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto (A.C.S., P.P.-d.Ó., D.S.N.)
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal (A.C.S., P.P.-d.Ó., D.S.N.)
| | - Giancarlo Forte
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic (A.R.P., J.O.-D.L.C., F.M., V.H., G.C., O.P., V.V., S.P., K.K., G.F.)
- Competence Center for Mechanobiology in Regenerative Medicine, INTERREG ATCZ133, Brno, Czech Republic (J.O.-D.L.C., F.M., V.V., G.F.)
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Finland (G.F.)
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