1
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Paroni M, Leccese G, Ranzani V, Moschetti G, Chiara M, Perillo F, Ferri S, Clemente F, Noviello D, Conforti FS, Ferrero S, Karnani B, Bosotti R, Vasco C, Curti S, Crosti MC, Gruarin P, Rossetti G, Conte MP, Vecchi M, Pagani M, Landini P, Facciotti F, Abrignani S, Caprioli F, Geginat J. An Intestinal Th17 Subset is Associated with Inflammation in Crohn's Disease and Activated by Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli. J Crohns Colitis 2023; 17:1988-2001. [PMID: 37462681 PMCID: PMC10798865 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
IFNγ-producing ex-Th17 cells ['Th1/17'] were shown to play a key pathogenic role in experimental colitis and are abundant in the intestine. Here, we identified and characterised a novel, potentially colitogenic subset of Th17 cells in the intestine of patients with Crohn's disease [CD]. Human Th17 cells expressing CCR5 ['pTh17'] co-expressed T-bet and RORC/γt and produced very high levels of IL-17, together with IFN-γ. They had a gene signature of Th17 effector cells and were distinct from established Th1/17 cells. pTh17 cells, but not Th1/17 cells, were associated with intestinal inflammation in CD, and decreased upon successful anti-TNF therapy with infliximab. Conventional CCR5[-]Th17 cells differentiated to pTh17 cells with IL-23 in vitro. Moreover, anti-IL-23 therapy with risankizumab strongly reduced pTh17 cells in the intestine. Importantly, intestinal pTh17 cells were selectively activated by adherent-invasive Escherichia coli [AIEC], but not by a commensal/probiotic E. coli strain. AIEC induced high levels of IL-23 and RANTES from dendritic cells [DC]. Intestinal CCR5+Th1/17 cells responded instead to cytomegalovirus and were reduced in ulcerative colitis [UC], suggesting an unexpected protective role. In conclusion, we identified an IL-23-inducible subset of human intestinal Th17 cells. pTh17 cells produced high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, were selectively associated with intestinal inflammation in CD, and responded to CD-associated AIEC, suggesting a key colitogenic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moira Paroni
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Leccese
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Ranzani
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Moschetti
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Chiara
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Perillo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Ferri
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Clemente
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Noviello
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Simone Conforti
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Ferrero
- Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Bhavna Karnani
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Bosotti
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Vasco
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Curti
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Crosti
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Gruarin
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Milan, Italy
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Milan, Italy
- Molecular Oncology and Immunology, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology [IFOM], Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Conte
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, ‘Sapienza’ University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Vecchi
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Milan, Italy
- Molecular Oncology and Immunology, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology [IFOM], Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Landini
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Facciotti
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Milan, Italy
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Milan, Italy
- DISCCO, Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Flavio Caprioli
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Jens Geginat
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’, Milan, Italy
- DISCCO, Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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2
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Toninelli M, Rossetti G, Pagani M. Charting the tumor microenvironment with spatial profiling technologies. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:1085-1096. [PMID: 37673713 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years technologies that can achieve readouts at cellular resolution such as single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have provided a comprehensive characterization of the cellular proportions and phenotypes that populate the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, because of the sample dissociation steps required by these protocols, they fail to capture information related to the intricate spatial context in which cells operate as well as their dense networks of interactions. Spatial profiling technologies have recently emerged as a valuable way to investigate the physical organization of cells crowding the TME in intact tissues. In this review we first discuss how spatial profiling technologies have propelled TME characterization, and then explore their potential to improve both diagnosis and prognosis for cancer patients in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Toninelli
- IFOM ETS, The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- IFOM ETS, The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- IFOM ETS, The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), Università degli Studi, Milan, Italy.
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3
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Geginat J, Vasco C, Gruarin P, Bonnal R, Rossetti G, Silvestri Y, Carelli E, Pulvirenti N, Scantamburlo M, Moschetti G, Clemente F, Grassi F, Monticelli S, Pagani M, Abrignani S. Eomesodermin-expressing type 1 regulatory (EOMES + Tr1)-like T cells: Basic biology and role in immune-mediated diseases. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2149775. [PMID: 36653901 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 regulatory (Tr1) T cells are currently defined all T cells with regulatory functions that lack FOXP3 expression and produce IL-10. Tr1 cells are heterogeneous, and the different reported properties of Tr1-cell populations have caused some confusion in the field. Moreover, understanding the role of Tr1 cells in immune-mediated diseases has been hampered by the lack of a lineage-defining transcription factor. Several independent studies indicated recently that the transcription factor Eomesodermin (EOMES) could act as a lineage-defining transcription factor in a population of IL-10 and IFN-γ co-producing Tr1-like cells, since EOMES directly induces IFN-γ and cytotoxicity, enhances IL-10, and antagonizes alternative T-cell fates. Here, we review the known properties of EOMES+ Tr1-like cells. They share several key characteristics with other Tr1 cells (i.e., "Tr1-like"), namely high IL-10 production, cytotoxicity, and suppressive capabilities. Notably, they also share some features with FOXP3+ Tregs, like downregulation of IL-7R and CD40L. In addition, they possess several unique, EOMES-dependent features, that is, expression of GzmK and IFN-γ, and downregulation of type-17 cytokines. Published evidence indicates that EOMES+ Tr1-like cells play key roles in graft-versus-host disease, colitis, systemic autoimmunity and in tumors. Thus, EOMES+ Tr1-like cells are key players of the adaptive immune system that are involved in several different immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Geginat
- National Institute for Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", INGM, Milan, Italy.,Department for Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Vasco
- National Institute for Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", INGM, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Gruarin
- National Institute for Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", INGM, Milan, Italy
| | - Raoul Bonnal
- National Institute for Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", INGM, Milan, Italy.,Institute for Molecular Oncology IFOM, Milan, Italy
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- National Institute for Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", INGM, Milan, Italy.,Institute for Molecular Oncology IFOM, Milan, Italy
| | - Ylenia Silvestri
- National Institute for Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", INGM, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Carelli
- National Institute for Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", INGM, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Pulvirenti
- National Institute for Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", INGM, Milan, Italy
| | - Morena Scantamburlo
- National Institute for Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", INGM, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Moschetti
- National Institute for Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", INGM, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Clemente
- National Institute for Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", INGM, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Grassi
- National Institute for Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", INGM, Milan, Italy.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine IRB, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Monticelli
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine IRB, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- National Institute for Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", INGM, Milan, Italy.,Institute for Molecular Oncology IFOM, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- National Institute for Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", INGM, Milan, Italy.,Department for Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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4
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Mollica L, Cupaioli FA, Rossetti G, Chiappori F. An overview of structural approaches to study therapeutic RNAs. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1044126. [PMID: 36387283 PMCID: PMC9649582 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1044126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RNAs provide considerable opportunities as therapeutic agent to expand the plethora of classical therapeutic targets, from extracellular and surface proteins to intracellular nucleic acids and its regulators, in a wide range of diseases. RNA versatility can be exploited to recognize cell types, perform cell therapy, and develop new vaccine classes. Therapeutic RNAs (aptamers, antisense nucleotides, siRNA, miRNA, mRNA and CRISPR-Cas9) can modulate or induce protein expression, inhibit molecular interactions, achieve genome editing as well as exon-skipping. A common RNA thread, which makes it very promising for therapeutic applications, is its structure, flexibility, and binding specificity. Moreover, RNA displays peculiar structural plasticity compared to proteins as well as to DNA. Here we summarize the recent advances and applications of therapeutic RNAs, and the experimental and computational methods to analyze their structure, by biophysical techniques (liquid-state NMR, scattering, reactivity, and computational simulations), with a focus on dynamic and flexibility aspects and to binding analysis. This will provide insights on the currently available RNA therapeutic applications and on the best techniques to evaluate its dynamics and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Mollica
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, L.I.T.A/University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Federica Chiappori
- National Research Council—Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Milan, Italy
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5
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Meazzini M, Parravicini F, Cohen N, Rossetti G, Autelitano L. Nasoalveolar molding and skeletal development in patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate: A retrospective cephalometric study at the completion of growth. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2022; 50:400-405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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6
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De Simone M, Chirichella M, Emming S, Mazzara S, Ranzani V, Gruarin P, Moschetti G, Pulvirenti N, Maglie S, Vasco C, Crosti MC, Rossetti G, Pagani M, Abrignani S, Monticelli S, Geginat J. Ex vivo microRNA and gene expression profiling of human Tr1-like cells suggests a role for miR-92a and -125a in the regulation of EOMES and IL-10R. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:3243-3246. [PMID: 34528258 PMCID: PMC9293355 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ex vivo gene expression and miRNA profiling of Eomes+ Tr1-like cells suggested that they represent a differentiation stage that is intermediate between Th1-cells and cytotoxic CD4+ T-cells. Several microRNAs were downregulated in Eomes+ Tr1-like cells that might inhibit Tr1-cell differentiation. In particular, miR-92a targeted Eomes, while miR-125a inhibited IFN-g and IL-10R expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco De Simone
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’MilanItaly
| | - Michele Chirichella
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB)Università della Svizzera italiana (USI)BellinzonaSwitzerland
| | - Stefan Emming
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB)Università della Svizzera italiana (USI)BellinzonaSwitzerland
| | - Saveria Mazzara
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’MilanItaly
| | - Valeria Ranzani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’MilanItaly
| | - Paola Gruarin
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’MilanItaly
| | - Giorgia Moschetti
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’MilanItaly
| | - Nadia Pulvirenti
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’MilanItaly
| | - Stefano Maglie
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’MilanItaly
| | - Chiara Vasco
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’MilanItaly
| | | | - Grazisa Rossetti
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’MilanItaly
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM)MilanItaly
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’MilanItaly
- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM)MilanItaly
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversità degli StudiMilanoItaly
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’MilanItaly
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community HealthUniversità degli StudiMilanoItaly
| | - Silvia Monticelli
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB)Università della Svizzera italiana (USI)BellinzonaSwitzerland
| | - Jens Geginat
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’MilanItaly
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community HealthUniversità degli StudiMilanoItaly
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7
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Bocchi VD, Conforti P, Vezzoli E, Besusso D, Cappadona C, Lischetti T, Galimberti M, Ranzani V, Bonnal RJP, De Simone M, Rossetti G, He X, Kamimoto K, Espuny-Camacho I, Faedo A, Gervasoni F, Vuono R, Morris SA, Chen J, Felsenfeld D, Pavesi G, Barker RA, Pagani M, Cattaneo E. The coding and long noncoding single-cell atlas of the developing human fetal striatum. Science 2021; 372:372/6542/eabf5759. [PMID: 33958447 DOI: 10.1126/science.abf5759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Deciphering how the human striatum develops is necessary for understanding the diseases that affect this region. To decode the transcriptional modules that regulate this structure during development, we compiled a catalog of 1116 long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) identified de novo and then profiled 96,789 single cells from the early human fetal striatum. We found that D1 and D2 medium spiny neurons (D1- and D2-MSNs) arise from a common progenitor and that lineage commitment is established during the postmitotic transition, across a pre-MSN phase that exhibits a continuous spectrum of fate determinants. We then uncovered cell type-specific gene regulatory networks that we validated through in silico perturbation. Finally, we identified human-specific lincRNAs that contribute to the phylogenetic divergence of this structure in humans. This work delineates the cellular hierarchies governing MSN lineage commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Dickinson Bocchi
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Conforti
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Vezzoli
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Besusso
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Cappadona
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Lischetti
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Maura Galimberti
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoling He
- WT-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kenji Kamimoto
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ira Espuny-Camacho
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Faedo
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Gervasoni
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Romina Vuono
- WT-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Samantha A Morris
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jian Chen
- CHDI Management/CHDI Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Giulio Pavesi
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roger A Barker
- WT-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy. .,Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Cattaneo
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. .,INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy
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8
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Della Chiara G, Gervasoni F, Fakiola M, Godano C, D'Oria C, Azzolin L, Bonnal RJP, Moreni G, Drufuca L, Rossetti G, Ranzani V, Bason R, De Simone M, Panariello F, Ferrari I, Fabbris T, Zanconato F, Forcato M, Romano O, Caroli J, Gruarin P, Sarnicola ML, Cordenonsi M, Bardelli A, Zucchini N, Ceretti AP, Mariani NM, Cassingena A, Sartore-Bianchi A, Testa G, Gianotti L, Opocher E, Pisati F, Tripodo C, Macino G, Siena S, Bicciato S, Piccolo S, Pagani M. Epigenomic landscape of human colorectal cancer unveils an aberrant core of pan-cancer enhancers orchestrated by YAP/TAZ. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2340. [PMID: 33879786 PMCID: PMC8058065 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is characterized by pervasive epigenetic alterations with enhancer dysfunction orchestrating the aberrant cancer transcriptional programs and transcriptional dependencies. Here, we epigenetically characterize human colorectal cancer (CRC) using de novo chromatin state discovery on a library of different patient-derived organoids. By exploring this resource, we unveil a tumor-specific deregulated enhancerome that is cancer cell-intrinsic and independent of interpatient heterogeneity. We show that the transcriptional coactivators YAP/TAZ act as key regulators of the conserved CRC gained enhancers. The same YAP/TAZ-bound enhancers display active chromatin profiles across diverse human tumors, highlighting a pan-cancer epigenetic rewiring which at single-cell level distinguishes malignant from normal cell populations. YAP/TAZ inhibition in established tumor organoids causes extensive cell death unveiling their essential role in tumor maintenance. This work indicates a common layer of YAP/TAZ-fueled enhancer reprogramming that is key for the cancer cell state and can be exploited for the development of improved therapeutic avenues. The role of epigenetic deregulation in colorectal cancer (CRC) is not fully understood yet. Here the authors use patient-derived organoids, epigenomics and single-cell RNA-seq to reveal that YAP/TAZ are key regulators that bind to active enhancers in CRC and promote tumour survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Della Chiara
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy.,Human Organoid Models Integrative Center HOMIC, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Gervasoni
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy.,Human Organoid Models Integrative Center HOMIC, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michaela Fakiola
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Godano
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy.,Human Organoid Models Integrative Center HOMIC, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia D'Oria
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy.,Human Organoid Models Integrative Center HOMIC, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Azzolin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Raoul Jean Pierre Bonnal
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Moreni
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Drufuca
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Ranzani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Ramona Bason
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco De Simone
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy.,Technology Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Francesco Panariello
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine TIGEM, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Ivan Ferrari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Tanya Fabbris
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mattia Forcato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Oriana Romano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jimmy Caroli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Paola Gruarin
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Sarnicola
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Bardelli
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo (TO), Italy.,Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Cassingena
- Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Sartore-Bianchi
- Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Testa
- Human Organoid Models Integrative Center HOMIC, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Gianotti
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, and Department of Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Enrico Opocher
- UO Chirurgia Epatobiliopancreatica e Digestiva Ospedale San Paolo, Milan, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Tripodo
- Tumor Immunology Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Tumor and Microenvironment Histopathology Unit, IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Macino
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Siena
- Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvio Bicciato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Piccolo
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy. .,Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy. .,Human Organoid Models Integrative Center HOMIC, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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9
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Iannuzzi R, Rossetti G, Spitaleri A, Bonnal RJP, Pagani M, Mollica L. A Simplified Amino Acidic Alphabet to Unveil the T-Cells Receptors Antigens: A Computational Perspective. Front Chem 2021; 9:598802. [PMID: 33718327 PMCID: PMC7947793 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.598802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The exposure to pathogens triggers the activation of adaptive immune responses through antigens bound to surface receptors of antigen presenting cells (APCs). T cell receptors (TCR) are responsible for initiating the immune response through their physical direct interaction with antigen-bound receptors on the APCs surface. The study of T cell interactions with antigens is considered of crucial importance for the comprehension of the role of immune responses in cancer growth and for the subsequent design of immunomodulating anticancer drugs. RNA sequencing experiments performed on T cells represented a major breakthrough for this branch of experimental molecular biology. Apart from the gene expression levels, the hypervariable CDR3α/β sequences of the TCR loops can now be easily determined and modelled in the three dimensions, being the portions of TCR mainly responsible for the interaction with APC receptors. The most direct experimental method for the investigation of antigens would be based on peptide libraries, but their huge combinatorial nature, size, cost, and the difficulty of experimental fine tuning makes this approach complicated time consuming, and costly. We have implemented in silico methodology with the aim of moving from CDR3α/β sequences to a library of potentially antigenic peptides that can be used in immunologically oriented experiments to study T cells’ reactivity. To reduce the size of the library, we have verified the reproducibility of experimental benchmarks using the permutation of only six residues that can be considered representative of all ensembles of 20 natural amino acids. Such a simplified alphabet is able to correctly find the poses and chemical nature of original antigens within a small subset of ligands of potential interest. The newly generated library would have the advantage of leading to potentially antigenic ligands that would contribute to a better understanding of the chemical nature of TCR-antigen interactions. This step is crucial in the design of immunomodulators targeted towards T-cells response as well as in understanding the first principles of an immune response in several diseases, from cancer to autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Iannuzzi
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- Molecular Oncology and Immunology, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Spitaleri
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Raoul J P Bonnal
- Molecular Oncology and Immunology, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- Molecular Oncology and Immunology, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Mollica
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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10
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Pieri V, Marrone F, Martens K, Rossetti G. An updated checklist of Recent ostracods (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from inland waters of Sicily and adjacent small islands with notes on their distribution and ecology. The European Zoological Journal 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2020.1839581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V. Pieri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - F. Marrone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Section of Zoology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - K. Martens
- OD Nature, Freshwater Biology, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - G. Rossetti
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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11
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Passaro M, Martinovic M, Bevilacqua V, Hershberg EA, Rossetti G, Beliveau BJ, Bonnal RJP, Pagani M. OligoMinerApp: a web-server application for the design of genome-scale oligonucleotide in situ hybridization probes through the flexible OligoMiner environment. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:W332-W339. [PMID: 32313927 PMCID: PMC7319443 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a powerful single-cell technique that harnesses nucleic acid base pairing to detect the abundance and positioning of cellular RNA and DNA molecules in fixed samples. Recent technology development has paved the way to the construction of FISH probes entirely from synthetic oligonucleotides (oligos), allowing the optimization of thermodynamic properties together with the opportunity to design probes against any sequenced genome. However, comparatively little progress has been made in the development of computational tools to facilitate the oligos design, and even less has been done to extend their accessibility. OligoMiner is an open-source and modular pipeline written in Python that introduces a novel method of assessing probe specificity that employs supervised machine learning to predict probe binding specificity from genome-scale sequence alignment information. However, its use is restricted to only those people who are confident with command line interfaces because it lacks a Graphical User Interface (GUI), potentially cutting out many researchers from this technology. Here, we present OligoMinerApp (http://oligominerapp.org), a web-based application that aims to extend the OligoMiner framework through the implementation of a smart and easy-to-use GUI and the introduction of new functionalities specially designed to make effective probe mining available to everyone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Passaro
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', 20122 Milano, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20129 Milano, Italy.,FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Martinovic
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Valeria Bevilacqua
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', 20122 Milano, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Elliot A Hershberg
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle,WA 98195, USA
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', 20122 Milano, Italy.,FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Brian J Beliveau
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle,WA 98195, USA
| | - Raoul J P Bonnal
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', 20122 Milano, Italy.,FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', 20122 Milano, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20129 Milano, Italy.,FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), 20139 Milan, Italy
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12
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Ferrarini A, Benfaremo D, Rossetti G, Morgese F, Tonnini C, Berardi R, Gabrielli A, Pomponio G. AB1211 IMMUNE-RELATED ADVERSE EVENTS IN PATIENTS RECEIVING PD-1/PD-L1 INHIBITORS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Recent introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) revolutionized oncological guidelines. Immune-related adverse events (IrAEs) may occur in as many as 85% of patients (10% with toxicity grade 3/4), but detailed epidemiology of irAEs is still lacking, mostly because of data collection and analysis vary widely.Objectives:The purpose of our study is to establish a prospective cohort of patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in order to determine incidence, risk factors and characteristics of irAEs in a real-world setting.Methods:We conducted a prospective cohort study enrolling patients receiving anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents for the treatment of metastatic or locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, Hodgkin lymphoma. Detailed recommendations have been implemented for cases fulfilling criteria for suspected irAEs, including procedures for evaluation and diagnosis, specific treatments and rules for drug discontinuation. IrAEs have been defined and graded according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events vs 5.0. Management strategies have been adapted by a multidisciplinary panel, basing on the oncological guidelines, which represent the current best clinical practice. AEs screening, physical examination, ECG and clinical laboratory evaluation have been performed at baseline visit and follow up (4, 8, 12 weeks).Results:Fifty-two patients have been enrolled from Jan 2019 to Dec 2020. Characteristics are reported in the Table below. Twelve patients developed irAEs (23%), 6 treated with nivolumab, 4 with pembrolizumab, 1 with atezolizumab and 1 with durvalumab. Mild-to-moderate (G1-G2) irAEs were hepatitis, hypothyroidism, III-V-VII cranial nerve palsy, polymyalgia-like syndrome, skin psoriasis and type-1 diabetes mellitus. Severe cases (G3) of bullous dermatitis, Lichen Planus, interstitial pneumonia and myositis occurred. One patient developed three different irAEs. Median time of onset was 4.5 weeks. IrAEs were successfully treated according to established guideline, but 4 patients stopped anti-neoplastic therapy due to irAEs and 11 for disease progression. Five patients died.Conclusion:Cancer patients receiving PD-1/PD-L1 agents are being prospectively followed. Preliminary results confirm that 1/4 patients may develop irAEs. Innovative tools are required in order to manage irAEs, prevent potential relapse and avoid useless interruption of therapy. Further research needs to get insights into pathophysiological mechanisms and risk factors.References:[1]Arnaud-Coffin P. A systematic review of adverse events in randomized trials assessing immune checkpoint inhibitors. Int J Cancer. 2019; Champiat S, Lambotte O, Barreau E, et al. Management of immune checkpoint blockade dysimmune toxicities: a collaborative position paper. Annals of Oncology 27, 2016.CharacteristicsN = 52Age[years, median (range)]67 (31-92)Gender(F/M)17/35Cancer typeMelanoma12Renal cell carcinoma9Non-small-cell lung carcinoma Hodgkin29lymphoma1Head-neck cancer1AgentsNivolumab24Pembrolizumab16Atezolizumab8Durvalumab4irAEs12 pts (23%)*G14G26G34G40Drug discontinuation20 (39%)due to irAEs4due to disease progression11death5*one patient had more than one eventDisclosure of Interests:None declared
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13
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Maggi L, Carloni P, Rossetti G. Modeling the allosteric modulation on a G-Protein Coupled Receptor: the case of M2 muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor in complex with LY211960. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3037. [PMID: 32080232 PMCID: PMC7033091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59289-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Allosteric modulation is involved in a plethora of diverse protein functions, which are fundamental for cells' life. This phenomenon can be thought as communication between two topographically distinct site of a protein structure. How this communication occurs is still matter of debate. Many different descriptions have been presented so far. Here we consider a specific case where any significant conformational change is involved upon allosteric modulator binding and the phenomenon is depicted as a vibrational energy diffusion process between distant protein regions. We applied this model, by employing computational tools, to the human muscarinic receptor M2, a transmembrane protein G-protein coupled receptor known to undergo allosteric modulation whose recently X-ray structure has been recently resolved both with and without the presence of a particular allosteric modulator. Our calculations, performed on these two receptor structures, suggest that for this case the allosteric modulator modifies the energy current between functionally relevant regions of the protein; this allows to identify the main residues responsible for this modulation. These results contribute to shed light on the molecular basis of allosteric modulation and may help design new allosteric ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Maggi
- Computational Biomedicine Section, Institute of Advanced Simulation IAS-5 and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
| | - P Carloni
- Computational Biomedicine Section, Institute of Advanced Simulation IAS-5 and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine INM-11, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52078, Aachen, Germany
| | - G Rossetti
- Computational Biomedicine Section, Institute of Advanced Simulation IAS-5 and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Aachen, 52078, Aachen, Germany
- Simulation Laboratory Biology, Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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14
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Abstract
Chromium 10× 3' V2 protocol is a 3' end counting single-cell mRNA sequencing protocol that allows to process and sequence RNA from thousands of cells in parallel. Chromium10× by 10× Genomics is an emulsion-based device that enables to compartmentalize single cells along with sets of uniquely barcoded primers and reverse transcription reagents into nanoscale droplets that are used as reaction chambers to generate barcoded full-length cDNA from single cells. After RT reaction single-stranded barcoded cDNAs are pooled together and processed to generate sequencing libraries compatible with the standard Illumina platforms. Here we show in detail the main steps of the protocol applied to the analysis of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs). The main steps are cell preparation, cDNA synthesis, library construction, and sequencing.This protocol refers specifically to the CG00052_SingleCell3_ReagentKitv2UserGuide_RevD downloadable from 10× Genomics website ( https://www.10xgenomics.com ) and does not substitute it. Always refer to this guide, paying attention to updates and revisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco De Simone
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy.
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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15
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Gruarin P, Maglie S, Simone M, Häringer B, Vasco C, Ranzani V, Bosotti R, Noddings JS, Larghi P, Facciotti F, Sarnicola ML, Martinovic M, Crosti M, Moro M, Rossi RL, Bernardo ME, Caprioli F, Locatelli F, Rossetti G, Abrignani S, Pagani M, Geginat J. Eomesodermin controls a unique differentiation program in human IL‐10 and IFN‐γ coproducing regulatory T cells. Eur J Immunol 2018; 49:96-111. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201847722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Gruarin
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
| | - Stefano Maglie
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
| | - Marco Simone
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
| | - Barbara Häringer
- German Rheumatology Research Center DRFZ Berlin Germany
- Charitè Research Center for Immunosciences RCIS Berlin Germany
| | - Chiara Vasco
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
| | - Valeria Ranzani
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
| | - Roberto Bosotti
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
| | - Johanna S. Noddings
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
| | - Paola Larghi
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
| | - Federica Facciotti
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
| | - Maria L. Sarnicola
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
| | - Martina Martinovic
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
| | - Mariacristina Crosti
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
| | - Monica Moro
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
| | - Riccardo L. Rossi
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
| | - Maria E. Bernardo
- Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù Dipartimento Onco–Ematologia e Medicina Trasfusionale Rome Italy
| | - Flavio Caprioli
- Unità Operativa di Gastroenterologia ed Endoscopia Fondazione Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù Dipartimento Onco–Ematologia e Medicina Trasfusionale Rome Italy
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
- Department of Clinical Science and Community Health (DISCCO) University of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine University of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Jens Geginat
- INGM‐National Institute of Molecular Genetics “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi” Milan Italy
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16
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Abstract
The exchange of vibrational energy in proteins is crucial for their function. Here, we establish a connection between quantities related to it with geometry-based properties such as the proteins' residues coordination number. This relation is proven by molecular simulation in a neuro-pharmacologically relevant transmembrane receptor. The connection demonstrated here paves the way to studies of protein allostery and conformational changes based solely on protein structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Maggi
- Computational Biomedicine Section, Institute of Advanced Simulation IAS-5 and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-9 , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52425 Jülich , Germany
| | - P Carloni
- Computational Biomedicine Section, Institute of Advanced Simulation IAS-5 and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-9 , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52425 Jülich , Germany
- Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine INM-11 , Forschungszentrum Jülich , 52428 Jülich , Germany
- Department of Physics , RWTH Aachen University , 52078 Aachen , Germany
- Department of Neurology , University Hospital Aachen , 52078 Aachen , Germany
| | - G Rossetti
- Computational Biomedicine Section, Institute of Advanced Simulation IAS-5 and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-9 , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52425 Jülich , Germany
- Division Computational Science - Simulation Laboratory Biology, Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , 52428 Jülich , Germany
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Aachen , RWTH Aachen University , 52074 Aachen , Germany
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17
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Abstract
The peculiarity of T cell is their ability to recognize an infinite range of self and foreign antigens. This ability is achieved during thymic development through a complex molecular mechanism based on somatic recombination that leads to the expression of a very heterogeneous population of surface antigen receptors, the T Cell Receptors (TCRs). TCRs are cell specific and represent a sort of “molecular tag” of T cells and have been widely studied to monitor the dynamics of T cells in terms of clonality and diversity in several contexts including lymphoid malignancies, infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, and tumor immunology. In this review, we provide an overview of the strategies used to investigate the TCR repertoire from the pioneering techniques based on the V segments identification to the revolution introduced by Next-Generation Sequencing that allows for high-throughput sequencing of alpha and beta chains. Single cell based approaches brought the analysis to a higher level of complexity and now provide the opportunity to sequence paired alpha and beta chains. We also discuss novel approaches that through the integration of TCR tracking and mRNA single cell sequencing offer a valuable tool to associate antigen specificity to transcriptional dynamics and to understand the molecular mechanisms of T cell plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco De Simone
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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18
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Rogora M, Frate L, Carranza ML, Freppaz M, Stanisci A, Bertani I, Bottarin R, Brambilla A, Canullo R, Carbognani M, Cerrato C, Chelli S, Cremonese E, Cutini M, Di Musciano M, Erschbamer B, Godone D, Iocchi M, Isabellon M, Magnani A, Mazzola L, Morra di Cella U, Pauli H, Petey M, Petriccione B, Porro F, Psenner R, Rossetti G, Scotti A, Sommaruga R, Tappeiner U, Theurillat JP, Tomaselli M, Viglietti D, Viterbi R, Vittoz P, Winkler M, Matteucci G. Assessment of climate change effects on mountain ecosystems through a cross-site analysis in the Alps and Apennines. Sci Total Environ 2018; 624:1429-1442. [PMID: 29929254 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mountain ecosystems are sensitive and reliable indicators of climate change. Long-term studies may be extremely useful in assessing the responses of high-elevation ecosystems to climate change and other anthropogenic drivers from a broad ecological perspective. Mountain research sites within the LTER (Long-Term Ecological Research) network are representative of various types of ecosystems and span a wide bioclimatic and elevational range. Here, we present a synthesis and a review of the main results from ecological studies in mountain ecosystems at 20 LTER sites in Italy, Switzerland and Austria covering in most cases more than two decades of observations. We analyzed a set of key climate parameters, such as temperature and snow cover duration, in relation to vascular plant species composition, plant traits, abundance patterns, pedoclimate, nutrient dynamics in soils and water, phenology and composition of freshwater biota. The overall results highlight the rapid response of mountain ecosystems to climate change, with site-specific characteristics and rates. As temperatures increased, vegetation cover in alpine and subalpine summits increased as well. Years with limited snow cover duration caused an increase in soil temperature and microbial biomass during the growing season. Effects on freshwater ecosystems were also observed, in terms of increases in solutes, decreases in nitrates and changes in plankton phenology and benthos communities. This work highlights the importance of comparing and integrating long-term ecological data collected in different ecosystems for a more comprehensive overview of the ecological effects of climate change. Nevertheless, there is a need for (i) adopting co-located monitoring site networks to improve our ability to obtain sound results from cross-site analysis, (ii) carrying out further studies, in particular short-term analyses with fine spatial and temporal resolutions to improve our understanding of responses to extreme events, and (iii) increasing comparability and standardizing protocols across networks to distinguish local patterns from global patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rogora
- CNR Institute of Ecosystem Study, Verbania Pallanza, Italy.
| | - L Frate
- DIBT, Envix-Lab, University of Molise, Pesche (IS), Italy
| | - M L Carranza
- DIBT, Envix-Lab, University of Molise, Pesche (IS), Italy
| | - M Freppaz
- DISAFA, NatRisk, University of Turin, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - A Stanisci
- DIBT, Envix-Lab, University of Molise, Pesche (IS), Italy
| | - I Bertani
- Graham Sustainability Institute, University of Michigan, 625 E. Liberty St., Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - R Bottarin
- Eurac Research, Institute for Alpine Environment, Bolzano (BZ), Italy
| | - A Brambilla
- Alpine Wildlife Research Centre, Gran Paradiso National Park, Degioz (AO) 11, Valsavarenche, Italy; Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R Canullo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, Plant Diversity and Ecosystems Management Unit, University of Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - M Carbognani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - C Cerrato
- Alpine Wildlife Research Centre, Gran Paradiso National Park, Degioz (AO) 11, Valsavarenche, Italy
| | - S Chelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, Plant Diversity and Ecosystems Management Unit, University of Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - E Cremonese
- Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, ARPA VdA, Climate Change Unit, Aosta, Italy
| | - M Cutini
- Department of Science, University of Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi, 446-00146 Rome, Italy
| | - M Di Musciano
- Department of Life Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila Via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - B Erschbamer
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Botany, Sternwartestr 15, A-6020 Insbruck, Austria
| | - D Godone
- CNR IRPI Geohazard Monitoring Group, Strada delle Cacce, 73, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - M Iocchi
- Department of Science, University of Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi, 446-00146 Rome, Italy
| | - M Isabellon
- DISAFA, University of Turin, Grugliasco (TO), Italy; Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, ARPA VdA, Climate Change Unit, Aosta, Italy
| | - A Magnani
- DISAFA, University of Turin, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - L Mazzola
- Sciences and Technologies for Environment and Resources, University of Parma, Italy
| | - U Morra di Cella
- Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, ARPA VdA, Climate Change Unit, Aosta, Italy
| | - H Pauli
- GLORIA Coordination, Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences & Center for Global Change and Sustainability, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Silbergasse 30/3, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - M Petey
- Environmental Protection Agency of Aosta Valley, ARPA VdA, Climate Change Unit, Aosta, Italy
| | - B Petriccione
- Carabinieri, Biodiversity and Park Protection Dpt., Roma, Italy
| | - F Porro
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - R Psenner
- Eurac Research, Institute for Alpine Environment, Bolzano (BZ), Italy; Lake and Glacier Research Group, Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstr, 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - G Rossetti
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 33/A, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - A Scotti
- Eurac Research, Institute for Alpine Environment, Bolzano (BZ), Italy
| | - R Sommaruga
- Lake and Glacier Research Group, Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstr, 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - U Tappeiner
- Eurac Research, Institute for Alpine Environment, Bolzano (BZ), Italy
| | - J-P Theurillat
- Centre Alpien de Phytogéographie, Fondation J.-M. Aubert, 1938 Champex-Lac, Switzerland, & Section of Biology, University of Geneva, 1292 Chambésy, Switzerland
| | - M Tomaselli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - D Viglietti
- DISAFA, NatRisk, University of Turin, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - R Viterbi
- Alpine Wildlife Research Centre, Gran Paradiso National Park, Degioz (AO) 11, Valsavarenche, Italy
| | - P Vittoz
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Geopolis, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Winkler
- GLORIA Coordination, Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences & Center for Global Change and Sustainability, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Silbergasse 30/3, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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Hughes L, Perks K, Rossetti G, Ermer J, Viola H, Hool L, Filipovska A. Loss of Mitochondrial RNA Binding Protein PTCD1 Leads to Cardiomyopathy. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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De Simone M, Arrigoni A, Rossetti G, Gruarin P, Ranzani V, Politano C, Bonnal RJP, Provasi E, Sarnicola ML, Panzeri I, Moro M, Crosti M, Mazzara S, Vaira V, Bosari S, Palleschi A, Santambrogio L, Bovo G, Zucchini N, Totis M, Gianotti L, Cesana G, Perego RA, Maroni N, Pisani Ceretti A, Opocher E, De Francesco R, Geginat J, Stunnenberg HG, Abrignani S, Pagani M. Transcriptional Landscape of Human Tissue Lymphocytes Unveils Uniqueness of Tumor-Infiltrating T Regulatory Cells. Immunity 2017; 45:1135-1147. [PMID: 27851914 PMCID: PMC5119953 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 438] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) can suppress effector T cells specific for tumor antigens. Deeper molecular definitions of tumor-infiltrating-lymphocytes could thus offer therapeutic opportunities. Transcriptomes of T helper 1 (Th1), Th17, and Treg cells infiltrating colorectal or non-small-cell lung cancers were compared to transcriptomes of the same subsets from normal tissues and validated at the single-cell level. We found that tumor-infiltrating Treg cells were highly suppressive, upregulated several immune-checkpoints, and expressed on the cell surfaces specific signature molecules such as interleukin-1 receptor 2 (IL1R2), programmed death (PD)-1 Ligand1, PD-1 Ligand2, and CCR8 chemokine, which were not previously described on Treg cells. Remarkably, high expression in whole-tumor samples of Treg cell signature genes, such as LAYN, MAGEH1, or CCR8, correlated with poor prognosis. Our findings provide insights into the molecular identity and functions of human tumor-infiltrating Treg cells and define potential targets for tumor immunotherapy. Transcriptome analysis performed on tumor-resident CD4+ Th1, Th17, and Treg cells Tumor-infiltrating Treg cells are defined by the expression of signature genes Treg-specific signature genes correlate with patients’ survival in both CRC and NSCLC
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco De Simone
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Alberto Arrigoni
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Paola Gruarin
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Valeria Ranzani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Claudia Politano
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Raoul J P Bonnal
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Elena Provasi
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Sarnicola
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Ilaria Panzeri
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Monica Moro
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Mariacristina Crosti
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Saveria Mazzara
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Valentina Vaira
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy; Division of Pathology, IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Organ Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20122, Italy
| | - Silvano Bosari
- Division of Pathology, IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Organ Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20122, Italy
| | - Alessandro Palleschi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Luigi Santambrogio
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan 20122, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Organ Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20122, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bovo
- Department of Pathology, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Nicola Zucchini
- Department of Pathology, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Mauro Totis
- Department of Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Luca Gianotti
- Department of Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza 20900, Italy; School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Monza 20900 Italy
| | - Giancarlo Cesana
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Monza 20900 Italy
| | - Roberto A Perego
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Monza 20900 Italy
| | - Nirvana Maroni
- UO Chirurgia Epatobiliopancreatica e Digestiva Ospedale San Paolo, Milan 20142, Italy
| | - Andrea Pisani Ceretti
- UO Chirurgia Epatobiliopancreatica e Digestiva Ospedale San Paolo, Milan 20142, Italy
| | - Enrico Opocher
- UO Chirurgia Epatobiliopancreatica e Digestiva Ospedale San Paolo, Milan 20142, Italy; Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20122, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Francesco
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Jens Geginat
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Hendrik G Stunnenberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20122, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare INGM 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi,' Milan 20122, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano 20129, Italy.
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21
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Rossetti G, Musiani F, Abad E, Dibenedetto D, Mouhib H, Fernandez CO, Carloni P. Conformational ensemble of human α-synuclein physiological form predicted by molecular simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 18:5702-6. [PMID: 26553504 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04549e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We perform here enhanced sampling simulations of N-terminally acetylated human α-synuclein, an intrinsically disordered protein involved in Parkinson's disease. The calculations, consistent with experiments, suggest that the post-translational modification leads to the formation of a transient amphipathic α-helix. The latter, absent in the non-physiological form, alters protein dynamics at the N-terminal and intramolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rossetti
- Computational Biomedicine, Institute for Advanced Simulation IAS-5 and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany. and Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany and Department of Oncology, Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - F Musiani
- Computational Biomedicine, Institute for Advanced Simulation IAS-5 and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany. and Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA/ISAS), via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy and Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - E Abad
- Computational Biomedicine, Institute for Advanced Simulation IAS-5 and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany. and German Research School for Simulation Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - D Dibenedetto
- German Research School for Simulation Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - H Mouhib
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C O Fernandez
- Max Planck Laboratory for Structural Biology, Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics of Rosario (MPLbioR), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, 27 de Febrero 210 bis, S2002LRK-Rosario, Argentina and Institute for Drug Discovery of Rosario (IIDEFAR), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, 27 de Febrero 210 bis, S2002LRK-Rosario, Argentina
| | - P Carloni
- Computational Biomedicine, Institute for Advanced Simulation IAS-5 and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany. and German Research School for Simulation Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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22
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Torri A, Carpi D, Bulgheroni E, Crosti MC, Moro M, Gruarin P, Rossi RL, Rossetti G, Di Vizio D, Hoxha M, Bollati V, Gagliani C, Tacchetti C, Paroni M, Geginat J, Corti L, Venegoni L, Berti E, Pagani M, Matarese G, Abrignani S, de Candia P. Extracellular MicroRNA Signature of Human Helper T Cell Subsets in Health and Autoimmunity. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:2903-2915. [PMID: 28077577 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.769893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon T cell receptor stimulation, CD4+ T helper (Th) lymphocytes release extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing microRNAs. However, no data are available on whether human CD4+ T cell subsets release EVs containing different pattern of microRNAs. The present work aimed at filling this gap by assessing the microRNA content in EVs released upon in vitro T cell receptor stimulation of Th1, Th17, and T regulatory (Treg) cells. Our results indicate that EVs released by Treg cells are significantly different compared with those released by the other subsets. In particular, miR-146a-5p, miR-150-5p, and miR-21-5p are enriched, whereas miR-106a-5p, miR-155-5p, and miR-19a-3p are depleted in Treg-derived EVs. The in vitro identified EV-associated microRNA signature was increased in serum of autoimmune patients with psoriasis and returned to healthy levels upon effective treatment with etanercept, a biological drug targeting the TNF pathway and suppressing inflammation. Moreover, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis showed an over-representation of genes relevant for T cell activation, such as CD40L, IRAK1, IRAK2, STAT1, and c-Myb in the list of validated targets of Treg-derived EV miRNAs. At functional level, Treg-derived (but not Th1/Th17-derived) EVs inhibited CD4+ T cell proliferation and suppressed two relevant targets of miR-146a-5p: STAT1 and IRAK2. In conclusion, our work identified the miRNAs specifically released by different human CD4+ T cell subsets and started to unveil the potential use of their quantity in human serum to mark the pathological elicitation of these cells in vivo and their biological effect in cell to cell communication during the adaptive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Torri
- From the INGM Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi," 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Donatella Carpi
- From the INGM Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi," 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bulgheroni
- From the INGM Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi," 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria-Cristina Crosti
- From the INGM Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi," 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Moro
- From the INGM Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi," 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Gruarin
- From the INGM Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi," 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo L Rossi
- From the INGM Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi," 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- From the INGM Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi," 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Dolores Di Vizio
- the Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Departments of Surgery, Biomedical Sciences and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
| | - Mirjam Hoxha
- the Laboratorio di Epidemiologia Molecolare e Epigenetica Ambientale, Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità
| | - Valentina Bollati
- the Laboratorio di Epidemiologia Molecolare e Epigenetica Ambientale, Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità
| | - Cristina Gagliani
- the Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Carlo Tacchetti
- the Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Moira Paroni
- From the INGM Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi," 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Jens Geginat
- From the INGM Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi," 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Corti
- the Dipartimento di Dermatologia, Fondazione IRCCS_Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Luigia Venegoni
- the Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti
| | - Emilio Berti
- the Dipartimento di Dermatologia, Fondazione IRCCS_Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.,the Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- From the INGM Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi," 20122 Milan, Italy.,the Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, and
| | - Giuseppe Matarese
- the Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy, and
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- From the INGM Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi," 20122 Milan, Italy, .,the DISCCO Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Università di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola de Candia
- the IRCCS Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy
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23
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Calamita P, Miluzio A, Russo A, Pesce E, Ricciardi S, Khanim F, Cheroni C, Alfieri R, Mancino M, Gorrini C, Rossetti G, Peluso I, Pagani M, Medina DL, Rommens J, Biffo S. SBDS-Deficient Cells Have an Altered Homeostatic Equilibrium due to Translational Inefficiency Which Explains their Reduced Fitness and Provides a Logical Framework for Intervention. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006552. [PMID: 28056084 PMCID: PMC5249248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomopathies are a family of inherited disorders caused by mutations in genes necessary for ribosomal function. Shwachman-Diamond Bodian Syndrome (SDS) is an autosomal recessive disease caused, in most patients, by mutations of the SBDS gene. SBDS is a protein required for the maturation of 60S ribosomes. SDS patients present exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, neutropenia, chronic infections, and skeletal abnormalities. Later in life, patients are prone to myelodisplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It is unknown why patients develop AML and which cellular alterations are directly due to the loss of the SBDS protein. Here we derived mouse embryonic fibroblast lines from an SbdsR126T/R126T mouse model. After their immortalization, we reconstituted them by adding wild type Sbds. We then performed a comprehensive analysis of cellular functions including colony formation, translational and transcriptional RNA-seq, stress and drug sensitivity. We show that: 1. Mutant Sbds causes a reduction in cellular clonogenic capability and oncogene-induced transformation. 2. Mutant Sbds causes a marked increase in immature 60S subunits, limited impact on mRNA specific initiation of translation, but reduced global protein synthesis capability. 3. Chronic loss of SBDS activity leads to a rewiring of gene expression with reduced ribosomal capability, but increased lysosomal and catabolic activity. 4. Consistently with the gene signature, we found that SBDS loss causes a reduction in ATP and lactate levels, and increased susceptibility to DNA damage. Combining our data, we conclude that a cell-specific fragile phenotype occurs when SBDS protein drops below a threshold level, and propose a new interpretation of the disease. Shwachman Diamond syndrome (SDS) is an inherited disease. SDS presents, as hallmarks, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, increased rate of infections, and higher incidence of leukemia. Most cases are due to mutations in the SBDS gene. SBDS encodes for a ribosome maturation factor. In this study, we immortalized mouse fibroblasts carrying one of the most common mutation of SDS patients and performed a thorough analysis of their properties. We show that the loss of SBDS activity causes a rewiring of gene expression and cellular metabolism. Overall we find a reduction of protein synthesis capability, a lower energy status, and increased lysosomal capability. SBDS mutant cells have an increased susceptibility to various forms of stress, but are strikingly resistant to oncogene-induced transformation. We propose a model that explains the complex phenotype of SDS patients and suggests roads for a rationale treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piera Calamita
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail: (SB); (PC)
| | - Annarita Miluzio
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Russo
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”, Milan, Italy
- DiSIT, University of Eastern Piedmont, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Elisa Pesce
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Ricciardi
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”, Milan, Italy
| | - Farhat Khanim
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Cheroni
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Alfieri
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”, Milan, Italy
| | - Marilena Mancino
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Gorrini
- Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivana Peluso
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)-Fondazione Telethon, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego L. Medina
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)-Fondazione Telethon, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Biffo
- INGM, National Institute of Molecular Genetics, “Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi”, Milan, Italy
- DBS, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail: (SB); (PC)
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24
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Ranzani V, Arrigoni A, Rossetti G, Panzeri I, Abrignani S, Bonnal RJP, Pagani M. Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis of Long Noncoding RNAs in CD4+ T Cell Differentiation. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1514:173-185. [PMID: 27787801 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6548-9_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing approaches, in particular RNA-seq, provide a genome-wide expression profiling allowing the identification of novel and rare transcripts such as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA). Many RNA-seq studies have now been performed aimed at the characterization of lncRNAs and their possible involvement in cell development and differentiation in different organisms, cell types, and tissues. The adaptive immune system is an extraordinary context for the study of the role of lncRNAs in differentiation. Indeed lncRNAs seem to be key drivers in governing flexibility and plasticity of both CD8+ and CD4+ T cell, together with lineage-specific transcription factors and cytokines, acting as fine-tuners of fate choices in T cell differentiation.We describe here a pipeline for the identification of lncRNAs starting from RNA-Seq raw data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Ranzani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Via F. Sforza 35, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Alberto Arrigoni
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Via F. Sforza 35, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Via F. Sforza 35, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Ilaria Panzeri
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Via F. Sforza 35, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Via F. Sforza 35, Milan, 20122, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, Milan, 20122, Italy
| | - Raoul J P Bonnal
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Via F. Sforza 35, Milan, 20122, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Via F. Sforza 35, Milan, 20122, Italy.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, Milan, 20122, Italy.
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25
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Franchini M, Tagliaferri A, Rossetti G, Capra F, De Maria E, Pattacini C, Gandini G. The Natural History of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Hemophiliacs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 6:135-42. [PMID: 27419880 DOI: 10.1080/10245332.2001.11746564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients affected by hereditary bleeding disorders and treated with non-virus inactivated clotting factor concentrates during the 1970s. Since the onset of the infection is known (first treatment with large-pool non-virus inactivated blood products) these patients are a unique model for studying the natural history of HCV infection and associated complications. The course of Hepatitis can be accurately assessed in these patients because they are regularly followed at hemophilia centers with laboratory, clinical and instrumental tests. In this review, we briefly report the present knowledge about the natural course of HCV infection in hemophiliacs, by analyzing the prevalence of HCV infection, the genotype distribution and the risk factors involved in the progression of chronic Hepatitis into severe liver disease as cirrhosis, liver decompensation and hepatocellular carcinoma. Understanding the natural evolution of HCV infection in hemophiliacs helps us to understand better the natural history of HCV infection and to improve the treatment approach to all HCV infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Franchini
- a Servizio di Immunoematologia e Trasfusione- Centro Emofilia , Azienda Ospedaliera di Verona, Ospedale Policlinico , Via Delle Menegone 1, 37134 Verona , Italy
| | - A Tagliaferri
- b V Divisione Medica-Centro Emofilia , Azienda Ospedaliera di Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - G Rossetti
- c Servizio di Immunoematologia e Trasfusione-Centro Emofilia , Ospedale S.Chiara, Trento , Italy
| | - F Capra
- d Medicina Interna A, Dipartimento di Medicina e Sanità Pubblica , Università di Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - E De Maria
- d Medicina Interna A, Dipartimento di Medicina e Sanità Pubblica , Università di Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - C Pattacini
- b V Divisione Medica-Centro Emofilia , Azienda Ospedaliera di Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - G Gandini
- a Servizio di Immunoematologia e Trasfusione- Centro Emofilia , Azienda Ospedaliera di Verona, Ospedale Policlinico , Via Delle Menegone 1, 37134 Verona , Italy
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26
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Belfiore A, Cataldi M, Minichini L, Aiello ML, Trio R, Rossetti G, Guida B. Short-Term Changes in Body Composition and Response to Micronutrient Supplementation After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy. Obes Surg 2016; 25:2344-51. [PMID: 25948283 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-015-1700-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated dietary intakes, body composition, micronutrient deficiency, and response to micronutrient supplementation in 47 patients before and for 6 months after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). METHODS Before, 3, and 6 months after LSG, we measured dietary intakes with food-frequency questionnaires, body composition with bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and bioelectrical vector analysis (BIVA), and plasma concentrations of iron, Zn, water-, and lipo-soluble vitamins. RESULTS After LSG, energy intake significantly decreased and patients lost weight, fat mass, and free-fat mass. BIVA showed a substantial loss of soft tissue body cell mass (BCM) with no change in hydration. Before surgery, 15 % of patients were iron deficient, 30 % had low levels of zinc and/or water-soluble vitamins, and 32 % of vitamin 25(OH)-D3. We treated iron deficiency with ferrous sulfate, isolated folate deficiency with N5-methyiltetrahydrofolate-Ca-pentahydrate, and deficiencies in vitamin B1, B12, or Zn, with or without concomitant folate deficiency, with multivitamin. No supplementation was given to vitamin 25(OH)-D3 deficient patients. At first follow-up, 7 % of patients developed new deficiencies in iron, 7 % in folic acid (n = 3), and 36 % in water-soluble vitamins and/or zinc whereas no new deficit in vitamin 25(OH)-D3 occurred. At final follow-up, deficiencies were corrected in all patients treated with either iron or folate but only in 32 % of those receiving multivitamin. Vitamin 25(OH)-D3 deficiency was corrected in 73 % of patients even though these patients were not supplemented. CONCLUSION LSG-induced weight loss is accompanied by a decrease in BCM with no body fluid alterations. Deficiencies in water-soluble vitamins and Zn respond poorly to multivitamin supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Belfiore
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Division of Physiology, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini n 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - M Cataldi
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - L Minichini
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Division of Physiology, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini n 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - M L Aiello
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Division of Physiology, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini n 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - R Trio
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Division of Physiology, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini n 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - G Rossetti
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - B Guida
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Division of Physiology, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini n 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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27
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Valeri L, Coppolino A, Rossetti G, Vado A, Amoroso G, Bricco G, Battisti A, Correndo L, Dogliani S, Magliarditi A, Pancaldo D, Benedictis MD, Bassignana A, Doronzo B. Persistent Atrial Fibrillation And Atrial Flutter Complicated By Tachycardiomyopathy Because Of Intermittent Conduction Through Accessory Pathway. J Atr Fibrillation 2016; 8:1379. [PMID: 27909497 PMCID: PMC5089472 DOI: 10.4022/jafib.1379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The term tachycardiomyopathy refers to a specific form of tachycardia-related cardiomyopathy caused by supraventricular or ventricular tachyarrhytmias that are both associated with ventricular rates higher than 120 bpm. The arrhythmias which are most frequently associated with these forms of heart disease are atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter, particularly found in the elderly population. The most frequent clinical manifestation is heart failure. In this case we are reporting a clinical case of a patient that came to our attention because of an episode of heart failure associated with atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. The patient had also prolonged and repetitive strips of rapid conduction with wide QRS morphology. We don't know if the cause is pre excitation or ectopia. We showed that those strips of tachycardia with wide QRS, particularly when they were associated with atrial flutter, were so fast and consistent to determine the left ventricular contractile dysfunction; we showed also that those strips of wide complex tachycardia were caused by pre-excitation through an accessory right posteroseptal pathway and supported by the reentry circuit of common atrial flutter. The block of conduction through the accessory pathway and the elimination of atrial arrhythmia allowed the regression of left ventricular contractile dysfunction. We believe that this case is interesting because it shows that there is a strict continuity between sophisticated electrophysiological mechanisms and clinical manifestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Valeri
- Department of Cardiology, ASL CN1 SS. Annunziata Hospital, Savigliano (CN), Italy
| | - A Coppolino
- Department of Cardiology, ASL CN1 SS. Annunziata Hospital, Savigliano (CN), Italy
| | - G Rossetti
- Department of Cardiology Electrophysiology Lab, ASO S. Croce e Carle Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - A Vado
- Department of Cardiology Electrophysiology Lab, ASO S. Croce e Carle Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - G Amoroso
- Department of Cardiology, ASL CN1 SS. Annunziata Hospital, Savigliano (CN), Italy
| | - G Bricco
- Department of Cardiology, ASL CN1 SS. Annunziata Hospital, Savigliano (CN), Italy
| | - A Battisti
- Department of Cardiology, ASL CN1 SS. Annunziata Hospital, Savigliano (CN), Italy
| | - L Correndo
- Department of Cardiology, ASL CN1 SS. Annunziata Hospital, Savigliano (CN), Italy
| | - S Dogliani
- Department of Cardiology, ASL CN1 SS. Annunziata Hospital, Savigliano (CN), Italy
| | - A Magliarditi
- Department of Cardiology, ASL CN1 SS. Annunziata Hospital, Savigliano (CN), Italy
| | - D Pancaldo
- Department of Cardiology, ASL CN1 SS. Annunziata Hospital, Savigliano (CN), Italy
| | - M De Benedictis
- Department of Cardiology, ASL CN1 SS. Annunziata Hospital, Savigliano (CN), Italy
| | - A Bassignana
- Department of Cardiology, ASL CN1 SS. Annunziata Hospital, Savigliano (CN), Italy
| | - B Doronzo
- Department of Cardiology, ASL CN1 SS. Annunziata Hospital, Savigliano (CN), Italy
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28
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Morfini M, Dragani A, Paladino E, Radossi P, Di Minno G, Mazzucconi MG, Rossetti G, Barillari G, Napolitano M, Tagariello G. Correlation between FIX genotype and pharmacokinetics of Nonacog alpha according to a multicentre Italian study. Haemophilia 2016; 22:537-42. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Morfini
- Past President of Italian Association of Haemophilia Centres (AICE); Firenze Italy
| | - A. Dragani
- Haemophilia & Thrombosis Centre; Haematology Department; Regional Hospital; Pescara Italy
| | - E. Paladino
- Atherothrombotic Diseases; Cardio-Vascular Department; University Hospital of Florence; Florence Italy
| | - P. Radossi
- Haematology and Haemophilia Centre; Regional Hospital; Castelfranco Veneto Italy
| | - G. Di Minno
- Reference Centre for Haemophilia and Thrombosis; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Federico II University; Naples Italy
| | - M. G. Mazzucconi
- Haemophilia & Thrombosis Centre; Haematology Department; La Sapienza University; Rome Italy
| | - G. Rossetti
- Haemophilia Centre; Santa Chiara Hospital; Trento Italy
| | - G. Barillari
- Haemophilia Centre; S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital; Udine Italy
| | - M. Napolitano
- Haemophilia & Thrombosis Centre; Haematology Department; University of Palermo; Palermo Italy
| | - G. Tagariello
- Haematology and Haemophilia Centre; Regional Hospital; Castelfranco Veneto Italy
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29
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Abstract
RNA-Seq is an approach to transcriptome profiling that uses deep-sequencing technologies to detect and accurately quantify RNA molecules originating from a genome at a given moment in time. In recent years, the advent of RNA-Seq has facilitated genome-wide expression profiling, including the identification of novel and rare transcripts like noncoding RNAs and novel alternative splicing isoforms.Here, we describe the analytical steps required for the identification and characterization of noncoding RNAs starting from RNA-Seq raw samples, with a particular emphasis on long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Arrigoni
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Ranzani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Panzeri
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Raoul J P Bonnal
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare 'Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi', Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy.
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30
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Pagani M, Rockstroh M, Schuster M, Rossetti G, Moro M, Crosti M, Tomm JM. Reference proteome of highly purified human Th1 cells reveals strong effects on metabolism and protein ubiquitination upon differentiation. Proteomics 2015; 15:3644-7. [PMID: 26332097 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The differentiation of human CD4(+) T cells into T helper cell subtypes and regulatory T cells is crucial to the immune response. Among subtypes, Th1 cells are dominant, representing approximately 50% of all lymphocytes. Thus far, most global proteomic studies have used only partially purified T helper cell subpopulations and/or have employed artificial protocols for inducing specific T helper cell subtypes and/or used gel-based approaches. These studies have shed light on molecular details of certain aspects of the proteome; nevertheless a global analysis of high purity primary naïve and Th1 cells by LC-MS/MS is required to provide a reference dataset for proteome-based T cell subtype characterization. The utilization of highly purified Th1 cells for a global proteome assessment and the bioinformatic comparison to naïve cells reveals changes in cell metabolism and the ubiquitination pathway upon T cell differentiation. All MS data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD001066 (http://proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org/dataset/PXD001066).
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Pagani
- Integrative Biology Program, INGM - National Institute for Molecular Genetics, Milan, Italy
| | - Maxie Rockstroh
- Department of Proteomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maj Schuster
- Department of Proteomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- Integrative Biology Program, INGM - National Institute for Molecular Genetics, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Moro
- Integrative Biology Program, INGM - National Institute for Molecular Genetics, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariacristina Crosti
- Integrative Biology Program, INGM - National Institute for Molecular Genetics, Milan, Italy
| | - Janina M Tomm
- Department of Proteomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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31
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Federico A, Dallio M, Gravina AG, Iannotta C, Romano M, Rossetti G, Somalvico F, Tuccillo C, Loguercio C. A pilot study on the ability of clinoptilolite to absorb ethanol in vivo in healthy drinkers: effect of gender. J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 66:441-447. [PMID: 26084226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Zeolites are microscopic minerals of volcanic origin, and the zeolite most commonly used in medicine is clinoptilolite. Over the years, clinoptilolite has been tested in several ways: as an antioxidant, as an adjuvant in anticancer therapy due to its ability to capture chemotoxins, as an antidiarrhoeal agent and as a chelating agent for heavy metals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of clinoptilolite to absorb ethanol in vivo in healthy drinkers. We enrolled 12 healthy drinkers in this study. The study was conducted as follows: phase 1: consumption of a hydroalcoholic solution containing 25 g of ethanol; phase 2: use of a 16.25 mL medical device containing clinoptilolite (2.5 g of clinoptilolite within a single-dose sachet) + consumption of a hydroalcoholic solution containing 25 g of ethanol; phase 3: use of a 32.5 mL medical device (5 g of clinoptilolite within a single-dose sachet) + consumption of a hydroalcoholic solution containing 25 g of ethanol. At the time of blood sampling, alcohol ingestion was also measured using an Alcolmeter instrument, and the results showed that the two methods overlapped. Reductions of 43%, 35%, 41% and 34% in blood ethanol at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes, respectively, were observed after the consumption of 5 g of clinoptilolite + 25 g of ethanol in both males and females, whereas the consumption of 2.5 g of clinoptilolite did not result in a statistically significant reduction in blood ethanol. In particular, the blood ethanol reduction was more significant in males. Our study highlights and confirms the ability of clinoptilolite to decrease the absorption of ingested ethanol by reducing blood alcohol levels. This effect was statistically significant at a dose of 5 g.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Federico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
| | - M Dallio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - A G Gravina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - C Iannotta
- Department of Anaesthesiological, Surgical and Emergency Science, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - M Romano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - G Rossetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - C Tuccillo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - C Loguercio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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32
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Bedogni F, Cobolli Gigli C, Pozzi D, Rossi RL, Scaramuzza L, Rossetti G, Pagani M, Kilstrup-Nielsen C, Matteoli M, Landsberger N. Defects During Mecp2 Null Embryonic Cortex Development Precede the Onset of Overt Neurological Symptoms. Cereb Cortex 2015; 26:2517-2529. [PMID: 25979088 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhv078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MeCP2 is associated with several neurological disorders; of which, Rett syndrome undoubtedly represents the most frequent. Its molecular roles, however, are still unclear, and data from animal models often describe adult, symptomatic stages, while MeCP2 functions during embryonic development remain elusive. We describe the pattern and timing of Mecp2 expression in the embryonic neocortex highlighting its low but consistent expression in virtually all cells and show the unexpected occurrence of transcriptional defects in the Mecp2 null samples at a stage largely preceding the onset of overt symptoms. Through the deregulated expression of ionic channels and glutamatergic receptors, the lack of Mecp2 during early neuronal maturation leads to the reduction in the neuronal responsiveness to stimuli. We suggest that such features concur to morphological alterations that begin affecting Mecp2 null neurons around the perinatal age and become evident later in adulthood. We indicate MeCP2 as a key modulator of the transcriptional mechanisms regulating cerebral cortex development. Neurological phenotypes of MECP2 patients could thus be the cumulative result of different adverse events that are already present at stages when no obvious signs of the pathology are evident and are worsened by later impairments affecting the central nervous system during maturation and maintenance of its functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bedogni
- San Raffaele Rett Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Clementina Cobolli Gigli
- San Raffaele Rett Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Laboratory of Genetic and Epigenetic Control of Gene Expression, Division of Biomedical Research, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio, 21052 Varese, Italy
| | - Davide Pozzi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Pathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Lorenzo Rossi
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Linda Scaramuzza
- San Raffaele Rett Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Charlotte Kilstrup-Nielsen
- Laboratory of Genetic and Epigenetic Control of Gene Expression, Division of Biomedical Research, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio, 21052 Varese, Italy
| | - Michela Matteoli
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Pathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy.,Dip di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Landsberger
- San Raffaele Rett Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.,Laboratory of Genetic and Epigenetic Control of Gene Expression, Division of Biomedical Research, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Busto Arsizio, 21052 Varese, Italy
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33
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Panzeri I, Rossetti G, Abrignani S, Pagani M. Long Intergenic Non-Coding RNAs: Novel Drivers of Human Lymphocyte Differentiation. Front Immunol 2015; 6:175. [PMID: 25926836 PMCID: PMC4397839 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon recognition of a foreign antigen, CD4(+) naïve T lymphocytes proliferate and differentiate into subsets with distinct functions. This process is fundamental for the effective immune system function, as CD4(+) T cells orchestrate both the innate and adaptive immune response. Traditionally, this differentiation event has been regarded as the acquisition of an irreversible cell fate so that memory and effector CD4(+) T subsets were considered terminally differentiated cells or lineages. Consequently, these lineages are conventionally defined thanks to their prototypical set of cytokines and transcription factors. However, recent findings suggest that CD4(+) T lymphocytes possess a remarkable phenotypic plasticity, as they can often re-direct their functional program depending on the milieu they encounter. Therefore, new questions are now compelling such as which are the molecular determinants underlying plasticity and stability and how the balance between these two opposite forces drives the cell fate. As already mentioned, in some cases, the mere expression of cytokines and master regulators could not fully explain lymphocytes plasticity. We should consider other layers of regulation, including epigenetic factors such as the modulation of chromatin state or the transcription of non-coding RNAs, whose high cell-specificity give a hint on their involvement in cell fate determination. In this review, we will focus on the recent advances in understanding CD4(+) T lymphocytes subsets specification from an epigenetic point of view. In particular, we will emphasize the emerging importance of non-coding RNAs as key players in these differentiation events. We will also present here new data from our laboratory highlighting the contribution of long non-coding RNAs in driving human CD4(+) T lymphocytes differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Panzeri
- Integrative Biology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milano , Italy
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- Integrative Biology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milano , Italy
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- Integrative Biology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milano , Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- Integrative Biology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milano , Italy ; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milano , Italy
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Ranzani V, Rossetti G, Panzeri I, Arrigoni A, Bonnal RJ, Curti S, Gruarin P, Provasi E, Sugliano E, Marconi M, De Francesco R, Geginat J, Bodega B, Abrignani S, Pagani M. The long intergenic noncoding RNA landscape of human lymphocytes highlights the regulation of T cell differentiation by linc-MAF-4. Nat Immunol 2015; 16:318-325. [PMID: 25621826 PMCID: PMC4333215 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding-RNAs are emerging as important regulators of cellular functions but little is known on their role in human immune system. Here we investigated long intergenic non-coding-RNAs (lincRNAs) in thirteen T and B lymphocyte subsets by RNA-seq analysis and de novo transcriptome reconstruction. Over five hundred new lincRNAs were identified and lincRNAs signatures were described. Expression of linc-MAF-4, a chromatin-associated TH1-specific lincRNA, was inversely correlated with MAF, a TH2-associated transcription factor. Linc-MAF-4 down-regulation skewed T cell differentiation toward TH2. We identified a long-distance interaction between linc-MAF-4 and MAF genomic regions, where linc-MAF-4 associates with LSD1 and EZH2, suggesting linc-MAF-4 regulated MAF transcription by recruitment of chromatin modifiers. Our results demonstrate a key role of lincRNAs in T lymphocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Ranzani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Ilaria Panzeri
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Arrigoni
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Raoul Jp Bonnal
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Serena Curti
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Gruarin
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Provasi
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Sugliano
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Maurizio Marconi
- IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Francesco
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Jens Geginat
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Beatrice Bodega
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", 20122 Milano, Italy
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Rossetti G, Fei L, del Genio G, Maffettone V, Brusciano L, Tolone S, Cimmino M, Moccia F, Terrone A, Romano G, Guerriero L, del Genio A. Epiphrenic diverticula mini-invasive surgery: a challenge for expert surgeons--personal experience and review of the literature. Scand J Surg 2014; 102:129-35. [PMID: 23820690 DOI: 10.1177/1457496913482242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS While in the past, thoracotomy represented the traditional surgical approach for the treatment of epiphrenic diverticula, actually mini-invasive approach seems to be the preferred treatment as many series have been published in the recent years. This article describes the authors' experience with the laparoscopic approach for performing diverticulectomy, myotomy, and Nissen-Rossetti fundoplication. MATERIAL AND METHODS From 1994 to 2010, 21 patients (10 men and 11 women), mean age 58.5 years (range 45-74 years), with symptomatic epiphrenic diverticulum underwent laparoscopic diverticulectomy, myotomy and Nissen-Rossetti fundoplication. RESULTS The mean operative time was 135 min (range = 105-190 min). Mean hospital stay was 14.2 days (range = 7-25 days). In 5 patients (23.8%), a partial suture staple line leak was observed. Conservative treatment achieved leak resolution in all the cases. One patient (4.8%) died of a myocardial infarction in the postoperative period. After a mean clinical follow-up period of 78 months (range = 6-192 months), excellent or good outcome was referred with no dysphagia in 16 patients (80%) and only mild occasional dysphagia in 4 patients (20%). CONCLUSIONS Surgical treatment of epiphrenic diverticula remains a challenging procedure also by mini-invasive approach, with major morbidity and mortality rates. For this reason, indications must be restricted only to selected and symptomatic patients in specialized centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rossetti
- I Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Abstract
BACKGROUND High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a small nuclear protein with two functions. In the nucleus, it helps to wrap DNA around nucleosomes. When secreted, it recruits inflammatory cells and induces cytokine production. Before HMGB1 is secreted from inflammatory cells, it relocates to the cytoplasm, which partially or totally depletes cell nuclei of HMGB1. We previously showed that cells lacking HMGB1 contain 20% fewer nucleosomes and 30% more RNA transcripts levels genome-wide. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that the depletion of nuclear HMGB1 plays a role in inflammation that can enhance or complement the role of extracellular HMGB1. METHODS We analysed the transcriptional profile of wild-type and Hmgb1-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) as a proxy for cells that have lost HMGB1 from their nuclei. We explored the transcriptome of wild-type and Hmgb1-/- macrophages differentiated in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, before and after exposure to LPS/IFN-γ. In the same cells, histones and nuclear HMGB1 were quantified. RESULTS We found that Hmgb1-/- MEFs show a transcriptional profile associated with stress and inflammation responses. Moreover, wild-type macrophages that have secreted HMGB1 because of LPS/IFN-γ exposure rapidly reduce their histone content as much as cells that genetically lack HMGB1. Importantly, unstimulated Hmgb1-/- macrophages activate transcriptional pathways associated with cell migration and chemotaxis. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that nucleosome loss is an early event that facilitates transcriptional responses of macrophages to inflammation, particularly chemotaxis. HMGB1's dual roles in the nucleus and in the extracellular space appear to be complementary.
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Affiliation(s)
- I De Toma
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Conzo G, Della Pietra C, Tartaglia E, Gambardella C, Mauriello C, Palazzo A, Santini L, Fei L, Rossetti G, Docimo G, Perna A. Long-term function of parathyroid subcutaneous autoimplantation after presumed total parathyroidectomy in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism. A clinical retrospective study. Int J Surg 2014; 12 Suppl 1:S165-9. [PMID: 24866066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parathyroidectomy (PTx) is recommended in patients affected by secondary hyperparathyroidism (2HPT) of chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorders (CKD-MBD), resistant to medical treatment. Analyzing total parathyroidectomy with muscular or subcutaneous autoimplantation (TPai) outcomes in hemodialysis (HD) 2HPT patients, and monitoring intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels, we evaluated long-term functional results of subcutaneous parathyroid glandular tissue autoimplantation. METHODS 40 HD 2HPT patients, resistant to medical treatment, and awaiting for renal transplantation, underwent total parathyroidectomy with subcutaneous autoimplantation of 9-12 fragments of not nodular hyperplasia parathyroid tissue in not dominant forearm. iPTH were analyzed 24 h, and 3-6-12-24 months after surgery. The 1.08-6.99 pmol/L range was taken as reference of normal iPTH level based on which eu- (1.08-6.99), hypo- (<1.08), aparathyroidism (0) and persistence or relapse (>6.99) of disease were determined. RESULTS In every case PTai determined an extraordinary improvement of quality of life, associated with a notable reduction of iPTH serum level. Immediate normalization of iPTH was achieved in 50% of cases; hypoparathyroidism in 25% of cases and persistence of disease in 25% were observed. Long term follow-up showed a reduction of hypoparathyroidism and an increase of relapse rate up to 20%. Grafting resection was never performed. DISCUSSION Subcutaneous autotrasplantation is a very simple and fast surgical technique. Nevertheless, similar success and recurrence rates were reported following muscular or subcutaneous grafting, as confirmed in our experience. CONCLUSIONS Subcutaneous grafting was effective as muscular implantation, with comparable functional results, but avoiding its potential complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Conzo
- Department of Anaesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Science, VII Division of General Surgery, Second University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - C Della Pietra
- Department of Anaesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Science, VII Division of General Surgery, Second University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - E Tartaglia
- Department of Anaesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Science, VII Division of General Surgery, Second University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - C Gambardella
- Department of Anaesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Science, VII Division of General Surgery, Second University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - C Mauriello
- Department of Anaesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Science, VII Division of General Surgery, Second University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - A Palazzo
- Department of Anaesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Science, VII Division of General Surgery, Second University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - L Santini
- Department of Anaesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Science, VII Division of General Surgery, Second University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - L Fei
- Unit of General Surgery and Digestive Physiopathology - "F. Magrassi-A. Lanzara", Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - G Rossetti
- Unit of General Surgery and Digestive Physiopathology - "F. Magrassi-A. Lanzara", Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - G Docimo
- Department of Anaesthesiologic, Surgical and Emergency Science, VII Division of General Surgery, Second University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - A Perna
- Department of Cardio-thoracic and Respiratory Sciences First Division of Nephrology, Second University of Naples, Italy.
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Greco DP, Fei L, Guerriero L, Pradella P, Mazzola M, Magistro C, Moccia F, Pascotto B, Marra T, Rossetti G. Feasibility and effectiveness of primary umbilical hernia repair with biologic graft: preliminary study. Acta Chir Belg 2014; 114:125-130. [PMID: 25073211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this prospective non-randomized observational cohort study we evaluated: the feasibility and effectiveness of primary umbilical hernia repair with open tension-free and sutureless technique using a porcine small intestinal submucosa (Surgisis) prosthesis, the quality of the treatment in terms of reduction of postoperative discomfort and the complications at early and long-term follow-up. METHODS Thirty-six consecutive patients, mean age 45.25 +/- 12.19 years, affected by primary umbilical uncomplicated hernia with a defect size < or = 3 cm, were treated in a day-surgery setting. A tailored flat Surgisis graft was used to ensure an overlap of at least 2 cm; in all patients the mesh was fixed by fibrin glue. Collected data included: visual analogic scale (VAS) pain scores at 24 hours, 72 hours, and 7, 15, and 30 days and number of analgesic medications after operation, complications rate, the quality of life measured by Short Form 36 health survey questionnaire (SF-36) before the operation and at long term follow-up. RESULTS The mean follow-up time was 5.6 +/- 1.4 years. Postoperative pain was low: the mean visual analogic scale (VAS) scores were 2.8 at 24 h, 1.8 at 72 h, and 0.9, 0.3, and 0.04 at 7, 15, and 30 days, respectively. 77.8% of the patients (28/36) did not use any analgesic drugs. Seroma was reported in 13.8% of the patients (5/36); there were no hematomas, infection, chronic pain and no major complications or mortality (< or = 30 days). Recurrence rate was 2.8% (1/36). Patient satisfaction showed a significant improvement in all SF-36 domain scores (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The biologic mesh seems to be a safe and reliable device for repairing primary umbilical hernia with high patient comfort, even if not yet an alternative to synthetic mesh.
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Pagani M, Rossetti G, Panzeri I, de Candia P, Bonnal RJP, Rossi RL, Geginat J, Abrignani S. Role of microRNAs and long-non-coding RNAs in CD4(+) T-cell differentiation. Immunol Rev 2013; 253:82-96. [PMID: 23550640 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
CD4(+) T lymphocytes orchestrate adaptive immune responses by differentiating into various subsets of effector T cells such as T-helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17, and regulatory T cells. These subsets have been generally described by master transcription factors that dictate the expression of cytokines and receptors, which ultimately define lymphocyte effector functions. However, the view of T-lymphocyte subsets as stable and terminally differentiated lineages has been challenged by increasing evidence of functional plasticity within CD4(+) T-cell subsets, which implies flexible programming of effector functions depending on time and space of T-cell activation. An outstanding question with broad basic and traslational implications relates to the mechanisms, besides transcriptional regulation, which define the plasticity of effector functions. In this study, we discuss the emerging role of regulatory non-coding RNAs in T-cell differentiation and plasticity. Not only microRNAs have been proven to be important for CD4(+) T-cell differentiation, but it is also likely that the overall T-cell functioning is the result of a multilayered network composed by coding RNAs as well as by short and long non-coding RNAs. The integrated study of all the nodes of this network will provide a comprehensive view of the molecular mechanisms underlying T-cell functions in health and disease.
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de Candia P, Torri A, Gorletta T, Fedeli M, Bulgheroni E, Cheroni C, Marabita F, Crosti M, Moro M, Pariani E, Romanò L, Esposito S, Mosca F, Rossetti G, Rossi RL, Geginat J, Casorati G, Dellabona P, Pagani M, Abrignani S. Intracellular modulation, extracellular disposal and serum increase of MiR-150 mark lymphocyte activation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75348. [PMID: 24205408 PMCID: PMC3805464 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Activated lymphocytes release nano-sized vesicles (exosomes) containing microRNAs that can be monitored in the bloodstream. We asked whether elicitation of immune responses is followed by release of lymphocyte-specific microRNAs. We found that, upon activation in vitro, human and mouse lymphocytes down-modulate intracellular miR-150 and accumulate it in exosomes. In vivo, miR-150 levels increased significantly in serum of humans immunized with flu vaccines and in mice immunized with ovalbumin, and this increase correlated with elevation of antibody titers. Immunization of immune-deficient mice, lacking MHCII, resulted neither in antibody production nor in elevation of circulating miR-150. This study provides proof of concept that serum microRNAs can be detected, with minimally invasive procedure, as biomarkers of vaccination and more in general of adaptive immune responses. Furthermore, the prompt reduction of intracellular level of miR-150, a key regulator of mRNAs critical for lymphocyte differentiation and functions, linked to its release in the external milieu suggests that the selective extracellular disposal of microRNAs can be a rapid way to regulate gene expression during lymphocyte activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola de Candia
- INGM (Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare), Milan, Italy
- * E-mail: (PD); (MP); (SA)
| | - Anna Torri
- INGM (Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare), Milan, Italy
| | | | - Maya Fedeli
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Monica Moro
- INGM (Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare), Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Pariani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Romanò
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Susanna Esposito
- Pediatric Clinic 1, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Mosca
- NICU and Neonatology, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Jens Geginat
- INGM (Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare), Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Casorati
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Dellabona
- Experimental Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- INGM (Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare), Milan, Italy
- * E-mail: (PD); (MP); (SA)
| | - Sergio Abrignani
- INGM (Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare), Milan, Italy
- * E-mail: (PD); (MP); (SA)
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Castaman G, Giacomelli SH, Caccia S, Riccardi F, Rossetti G, Dragani A, Giuffrida AC, Biasoli C, Duga S. The spectrum of factor XI deficiency in Italy. Haemophilia 2013; 20:106-13. [PMID: 24112640 DOI: 10.1111/hae.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Factor XI (FXI) deficiency is a rare inherited bleeding disorder invariably caused by mutations in the FXI gene. The disorder is rather frequent in Ashkenazi Jews, in whom around 98% of the abnormal alleles is represented by Glu117X and Phe283Leu mutations. A wide heterogeneity of causative mutations has been previously reported in a few FXI deficient patients from Italy. In this article, we enlarge the knowledge on the genetic background of FXI deficiency in Italy. Over 4 years, 22 index cases, eight with severe deficiency and 14 with partial deficiency, have been evaluated. A total of 21 different mutations in 30 disease-associated alleles were identified, 10 of which were novel. Among them, a novel Asp556Gly dysfunctional mutation was also identified. Glu117X was also detected, as previously reported from other patients in Italy, while again Phe283Leu was not identified. A total of 34 heterozygous relatives were also identified. Bleeding tendency was present in very few cases, being inconsistently related to the severity of FXI deficiency in plasma. In conclusion, at variance with other populations, no single major founder effect is present in Italian patients with FXI deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Castaman
- Department of Cell Therapy and Hematology, Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
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Schmit O, Adolfsson S, Vandekerkhove J, Rueda J, Bode S, Rossetti G, Michalakis Y, Jokela J, Martens K, Mesquita-Joanes F. The distribution of sexual reproduction of the geographic parthenogen Eucypris virens (Crustacea: Ostracoda) matches environmental gradients in a temporary lake. CAN J ZOOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2012-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Niche segregation may prevent competitive exclusion and promote local coexistence. This typically results in the occupation of different habitats. In the freshwater ostracod Eucypris virens (Jurine, 1820), the distribution of sexual and parthenogenetic populations in the temporary Lake Caracuel, central Spain, was not homogeneous. Parthenogens were found everywhere including the littoral, whereas sexuals were restricted to the centre. We investigated the hypothesis that spatial distribution responded to ecological differences. We studied the ecological significance of this segregation by linking environmental data to male presence, sexual fraction, ploidy, and genetic structure of our model organism in 12 ponds in the lake basin. Hydro-chemical and biological data indicated that the observed segregation is not only spatial but also ecological, with sexual E. virens occurring in ponds with shorter and probably more unpredictable hydroperiod. The correlations between environmental gradients and E. virens population structure suggest that sexual and parthenogenetic lineages are ecologically segregated. Sexual populations appeared restricted to sufficiently unpredictable environments, while parthenogens dominated environments with longer hydroperiods. Local coexistence seems mediated by spatial heterogeneity in habitat stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Schmit
- University of Parma, Department of Environmental Sciences, Viale G.P. Usberti 11A, 43100 Parma, Italy
- MIVEGEC, UMR CNRS IRD UMI UMII 5290, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
| | - S. Adolfsson
- MIVEGEC, UMR CNRS IRD UMI UMII 5290, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
- EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; ETH-Zürich, Institute of Integrative Biology (IBZ), Universitätstrasse 16, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - J. Vandekerkhove
- University of Valencia, Department of Microbiology and Ecology, Carrer del Doctor Moliner N° 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
- University of Parma, Department of Environmental Sciences, Viale G.P. Usberti 11A, 43100 Parma, Italy
- University of Gdańsk, Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Limnozoology, Kładki 24, 80-822 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - J. Rueda
- University of Valencia, Department of Microbiology and Ecology, Carrer del Doctor Moliner N° 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - S.N.S. Bode
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Department of Freshwater Biology, rue Vautier 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- University of Sheffield, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - G. Rossetti
- University of Parma, Department of Environmental Sciences, Viale G.P. Usberti 11A, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Y. Michalakis
- MIVEGEC, UMR CNRS IRD UMI UMII 5290, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France
| | - J. Jokela
- EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Überlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; ETH-Zürich, Institute of Integrative Biology (IBZ), Universitätstrasse 16, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K. Martens
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Department of Freshwater Biology, rue Vautier 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - F. Mesquita-Joanes
- University of Valencia, Department of Microbiology and Ecology, Carrer del Doctor Moliner N° 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
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Brusciano L, Limongelli P, del Genio G, Di Stazio C, Rossetti G, Sansone S, Tolone S, Lucido F, D'Alessandro A, Docimo G, Docimo L. Short-term outcomes after rehabilitation treatment in patients selected by a novel rehabilitation score system (Brusciano score) with or without previous stapled transanal rectal resection (STARR) for rectal outlet obstruction. Int J Colorectal Dis 2013; 28:783-93. [PMID: 22983757 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-012-1565-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine short-term outcomes of rehabilitation treatment in patients with or without previous stapled transanal resection (STARR) for rectal outlet obstruction by using a novel rehabilitation score system (Brusciano score). METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study conducted at a single tertiary referral institution including all patients with chronic functional constipation admitted to the outpatient unit from 2004 to 2009. RESULTS Among 330 consecutive patients, 247 (74.8 %) (204 females and 43 males) showing a significantly higher rehabilitation score (mean of 15.7 ± 1.8; range, 7-25) than healthy controls (mean, 3.2 ± 1.2; range 2-6) (p < .0001) were selected for rehabilitation. Of the 247 patients evaluated, group A (no previous surgery) consisted of 170 patients (53 males; mean age, 44.8 ± 12.9 years; range, 19-80) of which 38 presented mixed constipation, whereas group B (previous surgery) consisted of 77 patients (18 males; mean age, 47.0 ± 11.2 years; range, 22-81). The Brusciano score, Agachan-Wexner score and quality of life improved in both groups of patients after treatment. Better improvements of Brusciano and Agachan-Wexner scores were observed in patients with previous STARR (group B). CONCLUSIONS The rehabilitation score system employed in this study seems to be a useful tool in selecting and assessing the outcome of patients who might benefit from rehabilitation treatment. Constipation and quality of life were significantly improved by the rehabilitation treatment. Further studies are needed to clarify either the impact of rehabilitation treatment on long-term outcome of patients treated for rectal outlet obstruction or its role in those who develop problems over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Brusciano
- XI Division of General and Obesity Surgery, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
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Moccia F, Cimmino M, Ciancia G, Rossetti G, Pascotto B, Morra I, D'Armiento M, Fei L. A case of extraovarian primary peritoneal carcinoma in an oophorectomized-hysterectomized patient: a diagnostic dilemma. G Chir 2013; 34:82-85. [PMID: 23578412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Extra Ovarian Primary Peritoneal Carcinoma (EOPPC) is a rare type of adenocarcinoma of the pelvic and abdominal peritoneum. The objective examination and the histological aspect of the neoplasia virtually overlaps with that of ovarian carcinoma. The reported case is that of a 72 year-old patient who had undergone a total hysterectomy with bilateral annessiectomy surgery 20 years earlier subsequently to a diagnosis for uterine leiomyomatosis. The patient came to our attention presenting recurring abdominal pain, constipation, weight loss, severe asthenia and fever. Her blood test results showed hypochromic microcytic anemia and a remarkable increase CA125 marker levels. Instrumental diagnostics with Ultrasound (US) and CT scans indicated the presence of a single peritoneal mass (10-12 cm diameter) close to the great epiploon. The patient was operated through a midline abdominal incision and the mass was removed with the great omentum. No primary tumor was found anywhere else in the abdomen and in the pelvis. The operation lasted approximately 50 minutes. The post-operative course was normal and the patient was discharged four days later. The histological exam of the neoplasia, supported by immunohistochemical analysis, showed a significant positivity for CA 125, vimentin and cytocheratin, presence of psammoma bodies, and cytoarchitectural pattern resembling that of a serous ovarian carcinoma even in absence of primitiveness, leading to a final diagnosis of EOPPC. The patient later underwent six cycles of chemotherapy with paclitaxel (135 mg/m²/24 hr) in association with cisplatin (75mg/m²). At the fourth year follow-up no sign of relapse was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Moccia
- Gastrointestinal Surgery Unit F Magrassi A Lanzana Second University of Biomorphological and Medicinem, Naples, Italy
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Genta E, Rossetti G, Malisano T, Corcelli G, Iseppi N. Allergen risk: how to manage it? What food industries could make and which methods can be used to control the products and the processes. Ital J Food Saf 2013. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2012.6.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Tagliaferri A, Di Perna C, Santoro C, Schinco P, Santoro R, Rossetti G, Coppola A, Morfini M, Franchini M. Cancers in patients with hemophilia: a retrospective study from the Italian Association of Hemophilia Centers. J Thromb Haemost 2012; 10:90-5. [PMID: 22099424 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04566.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increased life expectancy of the hemophilia population, primarily as a result of advances in factor replacement therapy, has enabled hemophiliacs to reach an older age. Consequently, age-related diseases, such as cardiovascular disorders and cancers, are being increasingly recognized in such patients. However, only few data are available on such co-morbidities, their management and impact on the primary bleeding disorders. OBJECTIVES With the aim of investigating several still unclear issues regarding cancers in hemophilia patients, we conducted, on behalf the Italian Association of Hemophilia Centers (AICE), a study on cancers among Italian hemophiliacs. PATIENTS Data pertaining to 122 hemophiliacs with 127 cancers between 1980 and 2010 were retrospectively collected in 21 centers of the AICE which chose to participate. RESULTS Sixty-nine percent of cancers were recorded during the decade 2001–2010. Eighty-three percent of patients were infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and 22% of them were also co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Forty-three percent of cancers were HCV-related, whereas 9%were HIV related. Virus-related cancers were more frequent and non-virus-related cancers less frequent in patients with severe hemophilia than in those with mild/moderate forms (P = 0.0004). The non-virus-related standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was 0.3. Hemorrhagic complications occurred more frequently in patients undergoing chemotherapy (14%) or radiotherapy (19%). CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study confirm that cancers have become a new challenge for physicians working in hemophilia centers and underline the need for prospective trials to better assess the epidemiology and to optimize the management of hemophiliacs with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tagliaferri
- Regional Reference Center for Inherited Bleeding Disorders, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Celona B, Weiner A, Di Felice F, Mancuso FM, Cesarini E, Rossi RL, Gregory L, Baban D, Rossetti G, Grianti P, Pagani M, Bonaldi T, Ragoussis J, Friedman N, Camilloni G, Bianchi ME, Agresti A. Substantial histone reduction modulates genomewide nucleosomal occupancy and global transcriptional output. PLoS Biol 2011; 9:e1001086. [PMID: 21738444 PMCID: PMC3125158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The basic unit of genome packaging is the nucleosome, and nucleosomes have long been proposed to restrict DNA accessibility both to damage and to transcription. Nucleosome number in cells was considered fixed, but recently aging yeast and mammalian cells were shown to contain fewer nucleosomes. We show here that mammalian cells lacking High Mobility Group Box 1 protein (HMGB1) contain a reduced amount of core, linker, and variant histones, and a correspondingly reduced number of nucleosomes, possibly because HMGB1 facilitates nucleosome assembly. Yeast nhp6 mutants lacking Nhp6a and -b proteins, which are related to HMGB1, also have a reduced amount of histones and fewer nucleosomes. Nucleosome limitation in both mammalian and yeast cells increases the sensitivity of DNA to damage, increases transcription globally, and affects the relative expression of about 10% of genes. In yeast nhp6 cells the loss of more than one nucleosome in four does not affect the location of nucleosomes and their spacing, but nucleosomal occupancy. The decrease in nucleosomal occupancy is non-uniform and can be modelled assuming that different nucleosomal sites compete for available histones. Sites with a high propensity to occupation are almost always packaged into nucleosomes both in wild type and nucleosome-depleted cells; nucleosomes on sites with low propensity to occupation are disproportionately lost in nucleosome-depleted cells. We suggest that variation in nucleosome number, by affecting nucleosomal occupancy both genomewide and gene-specifically, constitutes a novel layer of epigenetic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Assaf Weiner
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
- Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Francesca Di Felice
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Cesarini
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo L. Rossi
- Integrative Biology Program, Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorna Gregory
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dilair Baban
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Grazisa Rossetti
- Integrative Biology Program, Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Grianti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Pagani
- Integrative Biology Program, Istituto Nazionale di Genetica Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Jiannis Ragoussis
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nir Friedman
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
- Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Giorgio Camilloni
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari, CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco E. Bianchi
- San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail: (MEB); (AA)
| | - Alessandra Agresti
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Research Institute, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail: (MEB); (AA)
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Pedrazzoli M, Colletti G, Ferrari M, Rossetti G, Moneghini L, Autelitano L. Mesenchymal phosphaturic neoplasm in the maxillary sinus: a case report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 39:1027-32. [PMID: 20483563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2010.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2008] [Revised: 02/10/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The authors describe a case of oncogenic osteomalacia due to a mesenchymal phosphaturic tumour in the maxillary sinus. This is a paraneoplastic syndrome in which a tumour produces a peptide hormone-like substance (phosphatonin) that causes a urinary loss of phosphates resulting in a debilitating systemic condition. In this case, the patient experienced muscle stiffness, reduction of muscle tone, loss of weight and pathological fractures. Clinical and radiological examination revealed a tumour in the right maxillary sinus; all other results were negative. The diagnosis following pathology examination was mesenchymal phosphaturic tumour with a haemangiopericytoma-like vascular pattern. Different histological types of mesenchymal tumours can be associated with paraneoplastic syndrome, but their localization in the paranasal sinuses is rare. The correct diagnosis allows the appropriate therapeutic approach, which can lead to an almost immediate resolution of the clinical situation after surgical removal of the neoplasm as in the present case. Oncogenic osteomalacia is rare, particularly in the maxillofacial region, and only a few cases have been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pedrazzoli
- Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Via A. Di Rudinì 8, Milan, Italy.
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Audisio P, Trizzino M, De Biase A, Rossetti G, Mancini E, Antonini G. Molecular and morphological evidence of a new sibling species ofCalobius(Coleoptera: Hydraenidae) of theC. quadricolliscomplex from peninsular Italy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/11250000902845738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Tagliaferri A, Rivolta GF, Iorio A, Oliovecchio E, Mancuso ME, Morfini M, Rocino A, Mazzucconi MG, Franchini M, Ciavarella N, Scaraggi A, Valdrè L, Tagariello G, Radossi P, Muleo G, Iannaccaro PG, Biasoli C, Vincenzi D, Serino ML, Linari S, Molinari C, Boeri E, La Pecorella M, Carloni MT, Santagostino E, Di Minno G, Coppola A, Rocino A, Zanon E, Spiezia L, Di Perna C, Marchesini M, Marcucci M, Dragani A, Macchi S, Albertini P, D'Incà M, Santoro C, Biondo F, Piseddu G, Rossetti G, Barillari G, Gandini G, Giuffrida AC, Castaman G. Mortality and causes of death in Italian persons with haemophilia, 1990-2007. Haemophilia 2010; 16:437-46. [PMID: 20148978 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2009.02188.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although a number of studies have analysed so far the causes of death and the life expectancy in haemophilic populations, no investigations have been conducted among Italian haemophilia centres. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate mortality, causes of deaths, life expectancy and co-morbidities in Italian persons with haemophilia (PWH). Data pertaining to a total of 443 PWH who died between 1980 and 2007 were retrospectively collected in the 30 centres who are members of the Italian Association of Haemophilia Centres that chose to participate. The mortality rate ratio standardized to the male Italian population (SMR) was reduced during the periods 1990-1999 and 2000-2007 such that during the latter, death rate overlapped that of the general population (SMR 1990-1999: 1.98 95% CI 1.54-2.51; SMR 2000-2007: 1.08 95% CI 0.83-1.40). Similarly, life expectancy in the whole haemophilic population increased in the same period (71.2 years in 2000-2007 vs. 64.0 in 1990-1999), approaching that of the general male population. While human immunodeficiency virus infection was the main cause of death (45%), 13% of deaths were caused by hepatitis C-associated complications. The results of this retrospective study show that in Italian PWH improvements in the quality of treatment and global medical care provided by specialized haemophilia centres resulted in a significantly increased life expectancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tagliaferri
- Regional Reference Centre for Inherited Bleeding Disorders, University Hospital, Parma, Italy
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