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Adrian G, Carlsson H, Kjellén E, Sjövall J, Zackrisson B, Nilsson P, Gebre-Medhin M. OC-0431 Tumour volume in oropharyngeal cancers – more important than ever! Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02567-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hodza-Beganovic R, Carlsson H, Lidberg H, Blaku V, Berggren P. Implementation and development of guidelines in the emergency services in Kosovo – PARIHS framework. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The aim of this project is to create understanding on the determinant factors enhancing adherence to treatment guidelines for the emergency medical services in Kosovo (EMSK). Focus is on barriers, and enablers while introducing the guidelines. It is aiming to create clearance and understanding of how and why the implementation outcomes are achieved. The factors influencing implementation will be mapped in three main domains. The domains are part of the determinant framework Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS). Each of the domains is further divided into sub-constructs.
Methods
The process of implementing treatment guidelines into the emergency medical services in Kosovo was observed and documented by 4 researchers, using a participatory research design. The PARIHS framework that consists of three core components: evidence, context, and facilitation was applied to make clarity on what works better and why, in order to achieve the outcomes of the implemented guidelines.
Results
The preliminary results have shown that the three constructs have an important role in the process of implementation. The domain evidence determined the way the evidence based practice is conceived in this particular setting. The domain context concerns the organization and teamwork shaped challenges and possibilities for adherence to the guidelines. The role of an external facilitator was of specific importance.
Conclusions
The PARIHS framework serves in both practical and theoretical planning of an intervention. In the present project it provides clarity on planning of the process, while also offer understanding of the elements that contribute to the sustainability of the intervention. Finally the lessons from the approach can be replicated in similar context.
Key messages
Implementation projects can be more successful suing a framework to direct the effort. Such interventions should be premised with clarity on the evidence, the local context, and facilitation factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hodza-Beganovic
- International Medical Program, Centre for Teaching and Research in Disaster Medicine, Linköping, Sweden
- School of Health Science, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - H Carlsson
- International Medical Program, Centre for Teaching and Research in Disaster Medicine, Linköping, Sweden
| | - H Lidberg
- International Medical Program, Centre for Teaching and Research in Disaster Medicine, Linköping, Sweden
| | - V Blaku
- Emergency Medical Services, Emergency Centre, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - P Berggren
- International Medical Program, Centre for Teaching and Research in Disaster Medicine, Linköping, Sweden
- Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Carlsson H, Blaku V, Lidberg H, Hodza-Beganovic R, Berggren P. Implementing treatment guidelines for ambulance services in a low- and middle income setting. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The use of clinical practice guidelines in clinical and organizational decision-making improves the care of patients and patient safety. Guidelines make healthcare consistent and efficient. In many low- and middle income countries healthcare workers depend on guidelines developed in higher income countries. For these to be useful and accepted they need to be adapted to the local setting. The aim of the study was to implement pre-hospital treatment guidelines into an organization that was not currently using guidelines. The study was partnership between a Swedish pre-hospital training organization and local ambulance service organizations in Kosovo.
Methods
An iterative process of implementing the guidelines was used: Identify guidelines appropriate for the local organization.In sets of five, have the guidelines translated into Albanian.Adapt the guidelines to the local conditions and context.Approval of guidelines by an expert group.Begin using the guidelines within the target organization.
Results
The first set of five guidelines was translated, approved, and implemented into the organizations. To improve acceptance, both practitioners and decision-makers were involved in the process. Seven workshops were held, with a total of 104 participants. In follow-up discussions participants said they accepted the guidelines and that they would be useful in their daily work.
Conclusions
It is important to evaluate to what extent the guidelines have been accepted, understood, and used. The success and acceptance is due to the flexible procedure managing the full implementation process. Adapting guidelines to fit with local needs and requirements using local experts made the guidelines accessible and useful. The workshop discussions established justification and approval.
Key messages
Involve local experts in contextualising guidelines to increase acceptance from the start. Support building a robust local implementation organization to assist and administer change.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Carlsson
- International Medical Program, Centre for Teaching and Research in Disaster Medicine, Linköping, Sweden
| | - V Blaku
- Qendra e Mjekesise Urgjente, Qendra e Mjekesise Urgjente, Pristine, Kosovo
| | - H Lidberg
- International Medical Program, Centre for Teaching and Research in Disaster Medicine, Linköping, Sweden
| | - R Hodza-Beganovic
- International Medical Program, Centre for Teaching and Research in Disaster Medicine, Linköping, Sweden
- School of Health Science, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - P Berggren
- International Medical Program, Centre for Teaching and Research in Disaster Medicine, Linköping, Sweden
- Linköping University, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Crescenzi C, Albiñana J, Carlsson H, Holmgren E, Batlle R. On-line strategies for determining trace levels of nitroaromatic explosives and related compounds in water. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1153:186-93. [PMID: 17141256 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2006] [Revised: 11/13/2006] [Accepted: 11/16/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We report the development and tests of several systems for the simultaneous determination of 18 energetic compounds and related congeners in untreated water samples. In these systems a Restricted Access Material trap or liquid-chromatography precolumn (with a C(18) or porous graphitic carbon, PGC, stationary phase) followed by a PGC analytical column are used for sample clean-up, enrichment and separation of the trace level analytes, which are then analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS). The relative merits of two MS ionization interfaces (atmospheric pressure chemical ionization, APCI, and atmospheric pressure photoionization, APPI) were also compared for the MS identification and quantification of these analytes. APCI was found to be superior in cases where both alternatives are applicable. A major drawback when applying APPI is that no signal is obtained for the cyclic nitramines and nitrate esters. Using APCI, a wide spectrum of unstable compounds can be determined in a single analysis, and the feasibility of using large volume samples (up to 100 mL) in combination with the sensitivity of the MS detection system provide method detection limits ranging from 2.5 pg/mL (for 2,4-dinitrotoluene and 2,6-diamino-6-nitrotoluene) to 563 pg/mL (for pentaerythritol tetranitrate, PETN), with repeatability ranging from 2 to 7%. Other chemometric parameters such as robustness, selectivity, repeatability, and intermediate precision were also evaluated in the validation of the extraction methods for use in water analysis. Tests with untreated groundwater and drinking water samples, spiked with 20 ng of the analytes, yielded results similar to those obtained with high purity water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Crescenzi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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Carlsson H, Petersson S, Enerbäck C. Cluster analysis of S100 gene expression and genes correlating to psoriasin (S100A7) expression at different stages of breast cancer development. Int J Oncol 2005; 27:1473-81. [PMID: 16273201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene expression patterns in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive and metastatic breast tumors have been determined using serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE). The purpose of this approach was to identify biologically and clinically meaningful subgroups of DCIS with a high risk of progression to invasive disease. The analyses have led to the identification of several differentially expressed genes, such as HIN-1, dermcidin and S100A7 (psoriasin). The aim of the present study was further to delineate the expression profile of S100 genes using information from 22 breast epithelial SAGE libraries. We demonstrated the down-regulation of S100A6 and S100A10 in breast cancer, irrespective of pathological stage. S100P and S100Z were both up-regulated in cancer; whereas S100A7, S100A8 and S100A9 were strongly up-regulated only in DCIS. The hierarchical clustering of S100 gene expression in these 22 libraries revealed two major groups with distinguishable S100 gene expression profiles. One of them was characterized by the high concomitant expression of S100A7, S100A8 and S100A9. Using SAGE informatics, we found 21 genes with a high positive correlation to S100A7 expression in libraries representing different categories of tissues archived at SAGE Genie, suggesting a function of psoriasin that is not tissue specific. Like S100A7, several of these genes displayed cation-binding properties. We also report the strong correlation in the breast epithelial SAGE libraries between the expression of S100A7 and genes reported as being up-regulated in DCIS, as well as in the inflammatory skin disorder, psoriasis; including RGS5, UPK1A, TMPRSS3, S100A9, p53, SCCA1, SCCA2 and KRT17.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Carlsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-416 85 Göteborg, Sweden
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Batlle R, Nerín C, Crescenzi C, Carlsson H. Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Energetic Nitroaromatic Compounds and Their Degradation Products in Soil Samples. Anal Chem 2005; 77:4241-7. [PMID: 15987133 DOI: 10.1021/ac050339+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper explores the use of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), in combination with various analyte collection strategies, for extracting energetic nitroaromatic compounds and their degradation products from soil samples. The required selectivity has been achieved by a combination of an SFE program and active trapping. Several different collection strategies were tested, using a selection of liquids (methanol, toluene, methyl tert-butyl ether, acetonitrile), inert and solid-phase extraction materials (Nexus, Oasis, LiChrolut), and 1-cm liquid chromatography precolumns (porous graphitic carbon, PGC). The best results were obtained using SFE in combination with a PGC precolumn. This setup allows on-line cleanup of the extract, and comparable results were obtained using either GC-ECD or GC-chemical ionization-MS for confirmatory analysis. The time required for a complete analysis was less than 60 min, and only 1 mL of toluene was needed for a 0.5-g representative sample. In contrast, the EPA standard method 8330 required 18-h sonication and 20 mL of acetonitrile for a 4.0-g sample and further time for sample cleanup and HPLC analysis. The method presented here provides method detection limits in the low-nanogram range, with relative standard deviations lower than 7%. The optimized method has been compared and validated with EPA method 8330 in terms of efficiency parameters such as robustness, accuracy (trueness and precision), and capability of detection. The validation demonstrated that the two analytical methodologies give comparable performance for the determination of nitroaromatic compounds, but SFE is superior for analyzing amine degradation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Batlle
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Aragón Institute of Engineering Research iA, CPS-University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
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Sánchez C, Carlsson H, Colmsjö A, Crescenzi C, Batlle R. Determination of Nitroaromatic Compounds in Air Samples at Femtogram Level Using C18 Membrane Sampling and On-Line Extraction with LC−MS. Anal Chem 2003; 75:4639-45. [PMID: 14632075 DOI: 10.1021/ac034278w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper explores the use of C18 solid-phase extraction membranes for sampling very low concentrations of nitroaromatic compounds in the atmosphere. After sampling, analytes trapped in the membrane are desorbed on-line directly by a chromatographic mobile phase. The analytes are then separated onto a porous graphitic carbon (PGC) HPLC column. Finally, they are analyzed by an LC-MS/MS detector equipped with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) interface. The method was validated by controlled exposure of the membranes to standard gaseous mixtures of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT). The developed method was fully characterized, and no breakthrough was observed when sampling volumes up to 9.2 m3. Analyses of membranes following medium- and long-term storage demonstrated that samples could be stored on the C18 membranes without degradation or losses. In addition, the results obtained with this technique were compared with those obtained by a gas chromatographic method in which analytes were collected on Tenax TA and thermally desorbed. The developed method allows sampling at flow rates of 15 L/min and has method detection limits in the femtogram/liter range, with a relative standard deviation lower than 10%. An additional advantage of this method is that it separates most of the TNT and DNT isomers, as demonstrated by applying the method to the analysis of headspace over military-grade TNT explosives.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sánchez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Abstract
The response mechanisms of a thermionic detector with enhanced nitrogen selectivity operating in an inert gas environment were investigated. According to accepted theory, the analyte has to contain electronegative functional groups in order for negative ions to be formed by the extraction of electrons from the thermionic source. This leads to a selective detector response for compounds containing nitro groups or multiple halogens. However, in the tests described here, polycyclic aromatic nitrogen hydrocarbons (PANHs), acridines, and carbazoles were used as reference substances. These compounds contain no electronegative functional groups. None of the investigated acridines exhibited any response from the detector, but carbazoles generated a strong structure-related detector response. By examining partial charges for all hydrogens of all individual carbazoles and acridine, it was demonstrated that the acidic hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen heteroatom of the carbazoles has a strong influence on the detector response. Ionization of carbazoles may occur by dissociation of the nitrogen-hydrogen bond during contact with the thermionic surface. Support for this theory was provided by the linear relationship between the relative detector response and the deprotonization energy of the carbazoles (coefficients of determination of 0.90 and 0.98 for linear and quadratic models, respectively, were obtained). Further, there appeared to be no linear relationship between the detector response and electron affinity of the carbazoles, (R2 value, 0.32). Thus, the mechanism involved in ionization of the carbazoles is probably not direct electron transfer from the thermionic surface to the carbazoles. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the thermal conductivity of chemically inert detector gases also has an influence on the detector response. The investigated gases were helium, neon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and argon. It was found that thermal conductivity can be used to rank the detector response for the carbazoles, and there was no discernible response when helium, which has the highest thermal conductivity, was used as the detector gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Carlsson
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Sweden.
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Sjödin A, Carlsson H, Thuresson K, Sjölin S, Bergman A, Ostman C. Flame retardants in indoor air at an electronics recycling plant and at other work environments. Environ Sci Technol 2001; 35:448-454. [PMID: 11351713 DOI: 10.1021/es000077n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Air samples from a plant engaged in recycling electronics goods, a factory assembling printed circuit boards, a computer repair facility, offices equipped with computers, and outdoor air have been analyzed with respect to their content of brominated hydrocarbon and phosphate ester flame retardants. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polybrominated biphenyls, 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-ethane, tetrabromobisphenol A, and organophosphate esters were all detected in the indoor air samples, with the highest concentrations being detected in air from the recycling plant. In air from the dismantling hall at the recycling plant the average concentrations of decabromodiphenyl ether, tetrabromobisphenol A, and triphenyl phosphate were 38, 55, and 58 pmol/m3, respectively. Significantly higher levels of all of these additives were present in air in the vicinity of the shredder at the dismantling plant. This is the first time that 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-ethane and several arylated phosphate esters are reported to be contaminants of air in occupational settings. At all of the other sites investigated, low levels of flame retardants were detected in the indoor air. Flame retardants associated with airborne particles, present at elevated levels, pose a potential health hazard to the exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sjödin
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ahlm
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
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Carlsson H, Ljung S, Bülow L. Physical and kinetic effects on induction of various linker regions in beta-galactosidase/galactose dehydrogenase fusion enzymes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1996; 1293:154-60. [PMID: 8652621 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(95)00240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
To examine the role of the connecting region in the artificial bifunctional enzyme beta-galactosidase/galactose dehydrogenase, linkers of different length were inserted between the catalytic units. The specific activity of the galactose dehydrogenase part of the complex was increased when longer linkers (9 and 13 amino acids) were used as connectors. These bifunctional enzymes were predominantly found to comprise hexamers, however, complexes of higher molecular weight were also formed. The sequential reaction was carried out more efficiently when hybrid enzymes with the longer linkers were used as demonstrated both in vitro by using purified protein preparations as well as in vivo by determining the growth rates of recombinant E. coli cells on a minimal medium containing lactose.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Carlsson
- Department of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund, Sweden
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13
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Bosetti P, Leoni S, Bracco A, Herskind B, Dossing T, Hagemann GB, Bark R, Brocksted A, Ekström P, Carlsson H, Nordlund A, Ryde H, Camera F, Frattini S, Mattiuzzi M, Million B, Bazzacco D, Burch R, Pavan P. Possible conservation of the K-quantum number in excited rotating nuclei. Phys Rev Lett 1996; 76:1204-1207. [PMID: 10061662 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.76.1204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Abstract
L-Asparaginase treatment during induction therapy in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is known to be frequently complicated by thromboembolic events. It was recently suggested that L-asparaginase derived from Erwinia chrysanthemi alters the coagulation system less severely than does Escherichia coli asparaginase. In a series of 11 adult patients with ALL, we investigated some parameters of the coagulation system during treatment with Erwinia asparaginase. The doses employed were rather high; all patients below the age of 60 years received 15,000 U/m2 daily over 14 days. In accordance with what is known from treatment with E. coli asparaginase, we observed significant lowering of antithrombin as well as of fibrinogen. However, as to fibrinogen indeed a significant decrease had occurred prior to the institution of Erwinia asparaginase treatment. The most striking observation in the present study was that the levels of prothrombin complex, reflecting the function of K-vitamin dependent coagulation factors II, VII and X, remained within normal ranges during treatment. This indicates that these coagulation factors were not affected by Erwinia asparaginase, an observation at variance with several reports where E. coli asparaginase was investigated. This latter observation was the only finding which could lend support to the view that Erwinia asparaginase affects the coagulation system less than E. coli asparaginase. Finally, one of our patients developed a sinus thrombosis, a severe thrombotic complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Carlsson
- Department of Medicine, Sahlgren's Hospital, University of Göteborg, Sweden
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Abstract
Genetically prepared enzyme conjugates were used in soluble enzyme assays for determination of lactose and galactose with spectrophotometric, fluorimetric, and bioluminometric detection. The use of a bifunctional enzyme in biosensors based on calorimetric detection is also presented. Due to proximity of the enzymes to one another several advantages in the analyses were achieved. The lag phase of coupled enzymatic reactions was reduced and the steady-state rates were increased, which could increase the sensitivity of the assays and decrease the time of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Carlsson
- Department of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Chemical Center, Lund, Sweden
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Carlsson H, Prachayasittikul V, Bülow L. Zinc ions bound to chimeric His4/lactate dehydrogenase facilitate decarboxylation of oxaloacetate. Protein Eng 1993; 6:907-11. [PMID: 8309939 DOI: 10.1093/protein/6.8.907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A chemically synthesized DNA linker coding for a peptide fragment that contains four histidines was fused in-frame to the 5'-end of the Bacillus stearothermophilus lactate dehydrogenase gene. The gene product, His4/lactate dehydrogenase, could be purified to homogeneity using either immobilized metal (Zn2+)-affinity chromatography or affinity chromatography on oxamate agarose. The stability against heat and urea for the modified enzymes was decreased as compared to the native lactate dehydrogenase but could be increased if zinc ions were present during the denaturation. In the presence of zinc ions the His4/lactate dehydrogenase could catalyse the sequential reaction from oxaloacetate to L-lactate, hence operating as a semi-synthetic bifunctional enzyme. A small increase in the apparent second-order rate constant (kcat/Km) of the coupled reaction was observed as compared to a corresponding system with native lactate dehydrogenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Carlsson
- Department of Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Chemical Center, Lund, Sweden
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Lagerkvist B, Olsen L, Carlsson H, Bergstrom K. The Chiari II malformation in neonates--a prospective study. Eur J Pediatr Surg 1991; 1 Suppl 1:48. [PMID: 1807392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Ljungcrantz P, Carlsson H, Månsson MO, Buckel P, Mosbach K, Bülow L. Construction of an artificial bifunctional enzyme, beta-galactosidase/galactose dehydrogenase, exhibiting efficient galactose channeling. Biochemistry 1989; 28:8786-92. [PMID: 2513881 DOI: 10.1021/bi00448a016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The in-frame fusion between two oligomeric enzymes, beta-galactosidase and galactose dehydrogenase, is described. The lacZ gene was fused to the 3' end of the galdh gene with a linker encoding only three amino acids. The purified artificial bifunctional enzyme displayed the enzymic activity of both gene products. The hybrid protein was found in two major forms, consisting of four and six subunits, but other forms could also be identified. The molecular weight of each subunit was determined to be 145,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The bifunctional enzyme shows kinetic advantages over the identical native system in conversion of lactose to galactonolactone. A higher steady-state rate and a reduction of the transient time are observed. This phenomenon is especially pronounced at low initial substrate concentrations and when the pH is adjusted to a level at which the galactose dehydrogenase activity is much higher than that of the beta-galactosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ljungcrantz
- Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Chemical Center, Lund, Sweden
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Pellettieri L, Bolander H, Carlsson H, Sjölander U. Nimodipine treatment of selected good-risk patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage: no significant difference between present and historical results. Surg Neurol 1988; 30:180-6. [PMID: 3413666 DOI: 10.1016/0090-3019(88)90270-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Eighty-four patients were treated early with nimodipine intravenously, and thereafter orally, up to 21 days after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Thirty-nine patients in the nimodipine-treated group were carefully selected to be compared with similar patients from a historical control group (114 patients) conventionally treated. The causes of poor results were clinically identified as follows: delayed ischemic deterioration (DID), rebleeding, complications of surgery, or not defined. There was no significant difference in the distribution of DID or outcome at follow-up examination (at least 6 months later) between the nimodipine-treated group and the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pellettieri
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
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Carpenter V, Jansson G, Magnusson K, Savela M, Carlsson H, Högberg U. [Enterococcal endocarditis following legal abortion]. Lakartidningen 1988; 85:2657-8. [PMID: 3412081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Carlsson H, Lindvall S, Thafvelin B. Properties of a Complex of Iron and a Sorbitol-Gluconic Acid Polymer for Treatment of Piglet Anaemia. Acta Vet Scand 1974. [DOI: 10.1186/bf03547497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Carlsson H, Lindvall S, Thafvelin B. Properties of a complex of iron and a sorbitol-gluconic acid polymer for treatment of piglet anaemia. Acta Vet Scand 1974; 15:100-10. [PMID: 4830063 PMCID: PMC8407189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The properties of a complex of iron and a sorbitol-gluconic acid polymer useful for intramuscular treatment of piglet anaemia have been studied. In rabbits it is well absorbed from muscle and a small percentage (8 %) of the administered iron is excreted in the urine. A satisfactory utilization of the administered iron for haemoglobin synthesis has been shown in rats. A high degree of tolerance in piglets was observed also for the highest test doses, 600 mg iron per kg body weight. The clinical utilization was compared to that of iron-dextran using a total of 209 piglets and a dose of 200 mg iron for each animal. Five of these piglets were lost, but these deaths cannot be correlated to the treatment. Of the remaining animals 102 were treated with ISGP and 102 with iron-dextran, and the anaemia-preventing effect was similar for these 2 iron complexes.
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Böttiger M, Carlsson H, Jonsson M, Nyblom S, Tunevall G. [Experiences from an outbreak of Salmonella paratyphi B]. Lakartidningen 1973; 70:3048-50. [PMID: 4208252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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