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Wood H, Alward T, Abu Omar A, Guzman-Rodriguez M, Vanner S, Reed D, Lomax A. A17 EVIDENCE OF PROTEASE-MEDIATED PRO-NOCICEPTIVE EFFECTS OF FECAL SUPERNATANTS FROM CROHN'S DISEASE PATIENTS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2023. [PMCID: PMC9991284 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwac036.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal pain is a debilitating symptom of Crohn’s disease (CD). Despite the current treatment options for this disease, abdominal pain is an unresolved problem that commonly persists in the absence of active inflammation. This suggests that something other than inflammation is driving the pain during the quiescent phase. We have previously reported that microbial proteases can directly modulate the excitability of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, many of which are pain-sensing. We hypothesize that luminal proteases of CD patients are contributing to their abdominal pain. Purpose Determine whether luminal mediators in CD fecal samples induce changes in pain signalling. Method The effects of patient (active CD [n = 3] and healthy volunteer (HV) [n = 3]) fecal supernatant (FS) samples on pain-sensing neurons were assessed using ex-vivo single unit afferent nerve recordings from mouse colons. Each sample was tested in colonic preparations from a least 5 mice. To further examine cellular mechanisms, DRG neurons were isolated and incubated overnight in media containing CD FS or HV FS media. Changes in neuronal excitability were recorded by determining the rheobase (lower rheobase=increased excitability) using patch clamp recordings (n ≥ 9 DRG neurons/group). Protease inhibitors were applied in both bioassays to determine whether these inhibited the excitatory effect of FS. Lastly, total proteolytic activity in the CD and HV fecal samples was calculated using a casein colorimetric protease detection assay. Result(s) FS from HV had no effect on afferent nerve excitability (p = 0.8920). FS from active CD patients increased action potential discharge from colonic afferent nerves by 85% (p<0.0001) and selectively increased the activation of high-threshold units, which are putative nociceptors, by 44% (p=0.0074). A protease inhibitor cocktail (1:1000) and protease-activated receptor (PAR)-2 antagonist GB83 (10µM) both blocked the excitatory effects of CD FS (p<0.05). Overnight incubation with CD FS also had an excitatory effect on DRG neurons compared to HV FS (rheobase decreased by 46%, p<0.05). The effect of CD FS was blocked by GB83 (10µM) (p<0.001) and a serine protease inhibitor (FUT175; 100µM) (p<0.05) independently, but the activity was not blocked by E64 (30nM) a cysteine protease inhibitor. A 200-fold increase (p<0.0001) in total proteolytic activity was found in CD FS compared to HV FS. Conclusion(s) Luminal serine proteases, but not cysteine proteases, appear to be driving nociceptive signalling in CD patients. This provides insight into the generation of pain in CD patients and may be a potential target to mitigate this action. Further research is required to elucidate whether these pro-nociceptive proteases are of bacterial or host origin and their effects in the quiescent phase. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wood
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - T Alward
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - A Abu Omar
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - M Guzman-Rodriguez
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - S Vanner
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - D Reed
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - A Lomax
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
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King JW, Bennett ASW, Wood H, Baker C, Reed DE, Lomax AE. A279 EVIDENCE OF TRANSIENT RECEPTOR POTENTIAL MELASTATIN 3 (TRPM3) CHANNEL SENSITIZATION IN A MOUSE MODEL OF COLITIS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2023. [PMCID: PMC9991335 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwac036.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal pain is a primary symptom of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Opioids provide relief from IBD-associated pain, but they are addictive and associated with excess mortality in IBD patients. Thus, there is a need to develop novel therapeutics for IBD-associated pain. The mechanosensitive ion channel, transient receptor potential melastatin 3 (TRPM3) is upregulated in sensory neurons innervating inflamed tissue and contributes to pain from inflamed joints and cystitis. However, TRPM3’s role in abdominal pain has not been investigated. Purpose To evaluate whether TRPM3 contributes to abdominal pain using a mouse model of colitis. Method We used ratiometric Ca2+ imaging and extracellular afferent nerve recording to determine the effects of pharmacological activation or inhibition of TRPM3 on T13-L5 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons and lumbar splanchnic nerves, respectively. Increased intracellular Ca2+ indicates neuronal excitation. Furthermore, the effects of TRPM3 activation in neurons and nerves from healthy mice and mice with dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis were compared. Result(s) The TRPM3 agonists, CIM-0216 (0.1-10µM) and pregnenolone sulphate sodium (PSS; 1-300µM), concentration-dependently increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration in mouse DRG neurons and this was blocked using the TRPM3 inhibitor isosakuranetin (5µM; p<0.0001, Mann-Whitney Test). CIM-0216 (5µM)-induced increases in intracellular Ca2+ were significantly larger in neurons from mice with colitis (326±16% of baseline) compared to neurons from healthy mice (257±13% of baseline; p<0.01, Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn’s Multiple Comparison Test). The percentage of neurons responding to CIM-0216 was significantly increased in mice with colitis compared to healthy mice (79% vs 62%; p<0.001, Fischer’s Exact Test). Similarly, the percentage of neurons responding to PSS from mice with colitis was increased compared to healthy mice; however, this did not reach statistical significance (75% vs 70%, p=0.351, Fischer’s Exact Test). Furthermore, CIM-0216 (20µM)-induced change in the basal firing of lumbar splanchnic nerves was significantly increased in mice with colitis (1.23±0.24Hz) compared to healthy mice (0.60±0.14Hz, p<0.05, unpaired t-test). Conclusion(s) TRPM3 activation excited DRG neurons and lumbar splanchnic nerves and these excitatory effects were augmented in mice with colitis. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A S W Bennett
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - H Wood
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - C Baker
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | | | - A E Lomax
- Department of Medicine,Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
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Narayan P, Wood H, Mukhtar S, Papikinos P. 114 Urology Stent Recall Registry. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac039.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
To analyse how many stent procedures were recorded (on the stent registry tool in CERNER introduced at our busy DGH) for patients undergoing an insertion of ureteric stent, this ensures patient safety is not compromised by making sure stent(s) are removed or replaced at the right time.
Method
Retrospective Collection of data for 3 months. Which was followed by intervention, and a further collection of data for 3 months after implementation of changes. Parameters collected included age, gender, stent recall registered, comments present in registry, removal date.
Results
In the first loop only 32.6% of the patient had the stent recall registered on the directory. Post Intervention (IT training, Posters, presenting half audit at clinical governance) the registry rate was 59%. The most common reason for insertion was for stone, followed by longstanding hydronephrosis. It was also interesting to note that 2 patients were found who were lost in follow up and an urgent action was taken to review them.
Conclusions
Cerner, which is popular in NHS trusts across UK has the feasibility of having an online stent register where the information recorded gets transferred straight to the Urology office, hence ensuring correct time of removal/ exchange of stents. Trusts across UK can develop this online registration scheme in their IT system. Developing the online registry system and encouraging this audit in all NHS trusts will significantly impact the welfare and safety of patients and reduce the economic burden of NHS in dealing with complications associated with stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Narayan
- East Surrey Hospital, Redhill, United Kingdom
| | - H. Wood
- East Surrey Hospital, Redhill, United Kingdom
| | - S. Mukhtar
- East Surrey Hospital, Redhill, United Kingdom
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Wood H, Winfield N. Mind the gap. Service evaluation and improvement: The management of children and young people in a private physiotherapy clinic. Physiotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2021.12.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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5
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Duplaix L, Turgeon P, Lévesque B, Rocheleau JP, Leboeuf A, Picard I, Manguiat K, Wood H, Arsenault J. Seroprevalence and risk factors of antibodies against Coxiella burnetii among dog owners in southwestern Québec, Canada. Epidemiol Infect 2021; 149:1-45. [PMID: 34176524 PMCID: PMC8314959 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268821001412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coxiella burnetii is a zoonotic agent responsible for human Q fever, a potentially severe disease that can lead to persistent infection. This cross-sectional study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence to C. burnetii antibodies and its association with potential risk factors in the human population of five regions of Québec, Canada. A serum bank comprising sera from 474 dog owners was screened by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay followed by confirmation of positive or equivocal sera by an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Observed seroprevalences of 1.2% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.0–6.6), 2.6% (95% CI: 0.5–7.4) and 5.9% (95% CI: 3.4–9.6) were estimated in the regions of Montréal, Lanaudière and Montérégie, respectively, which all included at least 83 samples. Having lived or worked on a small ruminant farm (prevalence odds ratio (POR) = 5.4; 95% CI: 1.6–17.7) and being a veterinarian or veterinary student (POR = 6.1; 95% CI: 1.6–24.0) were significantly associated with C. burnetii seropositivity. Antibodies against C. burnetii were detected in the human population of Québec. Although seropositivity to this agent was associated with occupational contact with domestic animals, antibodies were also detected in people with no reported professional exposure. No associations with ruminant farm proximity were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Duplaix
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Groupe de recherche en épidémiologie des zoonoses et santé publique (GREZOSP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - P. Turgeon
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Groupe de recherche en épidémiologie des zoonoses et santé publique (GREZOSP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC), Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - B. Lévesque
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - J.-P. Rocheleau
- Groupe de recherche en épidémiologie des zoonoses et santé publique (GREZOSP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Cégep de Saint-Hyacinthe, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - A. Leboeuf
- Ministère de l'Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l'Alimentation du Québec (MAPAQ), ville de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - I. Picard
- Ministère de l'Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l'Alimentation du Québec (MAPAQ), ville de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - K. Manguiat
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC), Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - H. Wood
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC), Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - J. Arsenault
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Groupe de recherche en épidémiologie des zoonoses et santé publique (GREZOSP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
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Lambert N, Robertson A, Srivas R, Peterman N, Close J, Wilson T, George P, Wood H, Wong B, Tezcan A, Tezcan H. Comparison of enzymatic-and bisulfite conversion to map the plasma cell-free methylome in cancer. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz238.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Davis A, Iams W, Chan D, Oh M, Lentz R, Peterman N, Robertson A, Shah A, Srivas R, Lambert N, Wilson T, George P, Wong B, Close J, Wood H, Tezcan A, Spinosa J, Tezcan H, Chae Y. Dynamic changes in whole-genome cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to identify disease progression prior to imaging in advanced solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz239.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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8
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Davis A, Iams W, Chan D, Oh M, Lentz R, Srivas R, Lambert N, Robertson A, Peterman N, Shah A, Wilson T, Close J, George P, Wood H, Wong B, Tezcan A, Spinosa J, Tezcan H, Chae Y. Longitudinal changes in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylation levels identify early non-responders to treatment in advanced solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz239.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Downing J, O’Brien A, Rickard F, Wood H, Bailey SJ, Wildblood B, Balham S, Sritharan M, Bowen E. 39MDTEA TROLLEY: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY TEACHING TO IMPROVE KNOWLEDGE AND CONFIDENCE IN RECOGNISING AND MANAGING DELIRIUM. Age Ageing 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz055.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Downing
- Care of the Elderly Department, Bristol Royal Infirmary
| | - A O’Brien
- Care of the Elderly Department, Bristol Royal Infirmary
| | - F Rickard
- Care of the Elderly Department, Bristol Royal Infirmary
| | - H Wood
- Care of the Elderly Department, Bristol Royal Infirmary
| | - S J Bailey
- Care of the Elderly Department, Bristol Royal Infirmary
| | - B Wildblood
- Care of the Elderly Department, Bristol Royal Infirmary
| | - S Balham
- Care of the Elderly Department, Bristol Royal Infirmary
| | - M Sritharan
- Care of the Elderly Department, Bristol Royal Infirmary
| | - E Bowen
- Care of the Elderly Department, Bristol Royal Infirmary
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Bouchard C, Dibernardo A, Koffi J, Wood H, Leighton PA, Lindsay LR. N Increased risk of tick-borne diseases with climate and environmental changes. Can Commun Dis Rep 2019; 45:83-89. [PMID: 31285697 DOI: 10.14745/ccdr.v45i04a02f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming and other environmental changes have contributed to the expansion of the range of several tick species into higher latitudes in North America. As temperatures increase in Canada, the environment becomes more suitable for ticks and the season suitable for tick activity lengthens, so tick-borne diseases are likely to become more common in Canada. In addition to Lyme disease, four other tick-borne diseases (TBDs) have started to emerge and are likely to increase: Anaplasmosis; Babesiosis; Powassan virus; and Borrelia miyamotoi disease. Increased temperature increases the survival and activity period of ticks, increases the range of both reservoir and tick hosts (e.g. mice and deer) and increases the duration of the season when people may be exposed to ticks. Other ticks and TBDs may spread into Canada as the climate changes. The public health strategies to mitigate the impact of all TBDs include surveillance to detect current and emerging TBDs, and public health actions to prevent infections by modifying environmental and social-behavioral risk factors through increasing public awareness. Clinical care strategies include patient education, early detection, laboratory testing, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bouchard
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, St. Hyacinthe, QC
- Groupe de recherche en épidémiologie des zoonoses et santé publique (GREZOSP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire (FMV), Université de Montréal, St. Hyacinthe, QC
| | - A Dibernardo
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB
| | - J Koffi
- Groupe de recherche en épidémiologie des zoonoses et santé publique (GREZOSP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire (FMV), Université de Montréal, St. Hyacinthe, QC
- Centre for Food-borne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, St. Hyacinthe, QC
| | - H Wood
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB
| | - P A Leighton
- Groupe de recherche en épidémiologie des zoonoses et santé publique (GREZOSP), Faculté de médecine vétérinaire (FMV), Université de Montréal, St. Hyacinthe, QC
| | - L R Lindsay
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB
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Kanatas A, Chengot P, Ong T, Ho M, Wood H. Genomic analysis to assess disease progression and recurrence in patients with oral squamous carcinoma – a preliminary study. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2017.08.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Seligmann J, Wood H, Richman S, Elliott F, Taylor M, Tinkler-Hundal E, Barrett J, Seymour M, Quirke P. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) copy number (CN) as a biomarker of prognosis and panitumumab (Pan) benefit in RAS-wt advanced colorectal cancer (aCRC). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx393.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Griffiths CJ, Mudway I, Wood H, Marlin N, Dundas I, Walton R, Grigg J, Sheikh A, Lee T, Kelly F. P180 Impact of the london low emission zone on children’s respiratory health: a sequential yearly cross sectional study 2008–2014. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Hüttl T, Stauch P, Wood H, Fruhmann J. Bariatrische Chirurgie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-107553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Hüttl
- Abteilung für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Chirurgische Klinik München-Bogenhausen GmbH
| | - P. Stauch
- Abteilung für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Chirurgische Klinik München-Bogenhausen GmbH
| | - H. Wood
- Abteilung für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Chirurgische Klinik München-Bogenhausen GmbH
| | - J. Fruhmann
- Klinische Abteilung für Allgemeinchirurgie, LKH-Universitätsklinikum Graz
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Jackson A, Kammouni W, Wood H, Carpenter M. Rabies virus infection: Role of the rabies virus phosphoprotein in producing neuronal injury mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Eales J, Lenoir-Wijnkoop I, King S, Wood H, Kok FJ, Shamir R, Prentice A, Edwards M, Glanville J, Atkinson RL. Is consuming yoghurt associated with weight management outcomes? Results from a systematic review. Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 40:731-46. [PMID: 26443336 PMCID: PMC4856732 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background: Yoghurt is part of the diet of many people worldwide and is commonly recognised as a ‘health food'. Epidemiological studies suggest that yoghurt may be useful as part of weight management programs. In the absence of comprehensive systematic reviews, this systematic review investigated the effect of yoghurt consumption by apparently healthy adults on weight-related outcomes. Methods: An extensive literature search was undertaken, as part of a wider scoping review, to identify yoghurt studies. A total of 13 631 records were assessed for their relevance to weight-related outcomes. Results: Twenty-two publications were eligible according to the review protocol. Cohort studies (n=6) and cross-sectional studies (n=7) all showed a correlation between yoghurt and lower or improved body weight/composition. Six randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and one controlled trial had various limitations, including small size and short duration. One RCT showed significant effects of yoghurt on weight loss, but was confounded by differences in calcium intake. One trial showed nonsignificant weight gain and the remaining five trials showed nonsignificant weight losses that were greater in yoghurt consumers. Conclusions: Yoghurt consumption is associated with lower body mass index, lower body weight/weight gain, smaller waist circumference and lower body fat in epidemiological studies. RCTs suggest weight reduction effects, but do not permit determination of a cause–effect relationship. Well-controlled, adequately powered trials in research and community settings appear likely to identify a modest but beneficial effect of yoghurt consumption for prevention of weight gain and management of obesity. The ready availability of yoghurt (a nutrient-dense food) and its ease of introduction to most diets suggests that educating the public to eat yoghurt as part of a balanced and healthy diet may potentially contribute to improved public health. Future carefully designed RCTs could provide proof of principle and large community-based studies could determine the practical impact of yoghurt on body weight/composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Eales
- York Health Economics Consortium, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - S King
- York Health Economics Consortium, University of York, York, UK
| | - H Wood
- York Health Economics Consortium, University of York, York, UK
| | - F J Kok
- Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - R Shamir
- Institute for Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - A Prentice
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - M Edwards
- York Health Economics Consortium, University of York, York, UK
| | - J Glanville
- York Health Economics Consortium, University of York, York, UK
| | - R L Atkinson
- Obetech Obesity Research Center, Virginia Biotechnology Research Park, Richmond, VA, USA
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Jackson A, Kammouni W, Wood H, Saleh A, Appolinario C, Fernyhough P. Rabies virus phosphoprotein induces mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuronal process degeneration: Implications for future therapy of human rabies. J Neurol Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Hüttl
- Abteilung für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Chirurgische Klinik München-Bogenhausen GmbH
| | - P. Stauch
- Abteilung für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Chirurgische Klinik München-Bogenhausen GmbH
| | - H. Wood
- Abteilung für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Chirurgische Klinik München-Bogenhausen GmbH
| | - J. Fruhmann
- Abteilung für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Chirurgische Klinik München-Bogenhausen GmbH
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O'Connor A, Dzikamunhenga RS, Totton S, Wolfe D, Sargeant J, Glanville J, Wood H. Systematic review of the effect of perch height on keel bone fractures, deformation and injuries, bone strength, foot lesions and perching behavior. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/sp.efsa.2015.en-841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S. Totton
- University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - D. Wolfe
- University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - J. Sargeant
- University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - J. Glanville
- York, Health Economics Consortium, University of York, UK
| | - H. Wood
- York, Health Economics Consortium, University of York, UK
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Cohen K, Tzika A, Wood H, Berri S, Roberts P, Mason G, Sheridan E. Diagnosis of fetal submicroscopic chromosomal abnormalities in failed array CGH samples: copy number by sequencing as an alternative to microarrays for invasive fetal testing. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015; 45:394-401. [PMID: 25510919 DOI: 10.1002/uog.14767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) has become the technology of choice for high-resolution prenatal whole genome analysis. Limitations of microarrays are mainly related to the analog nature of the analysis, and poor-quality DNA can result in failed quality metrics with these platforms. We examined a cohort of abnormal fetuses with failed array CGH results using a next-generation sequencing algorithm, CNV-Seq. We assessed the ability of the platform to handle suboptimal prenatal samples and generate interpretable molecular karyotypes. METHODS Nine samples obtained from abnormal fetuses and one from a normal control fetus were sequenced using an Illumina GAIIx. A segmentation algorithm for sequencing data was used to determine regional copy number data on the sequencing datasets. RESULTS Phred quality scores were satisfactory for analysis of all samples. CNV-Seq identified both large- and small-scale abnormalities in the cohort, and normal results were obtained for fetuses for which microarray data were previously uninterpretable. No variants of uncertain significance were detected. Analysis of the digital sequencing datasets offered some advantages over array CGH output. CONCLUSIONS Using next-generation sequencing for the detection of genomic copy number variants may be advantageous for poor-quality, invasively-acquired prenatal samples. CNV-Seq could become a potential alternative to array CGH in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Cohen
- Department of Fetal Medicine, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Leeds, UK
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O'Connor A, Wolfe D, Sargeant J, Glanville J, Wood H. Preparatory work for the development of a scientific opinion on the main welfare risks related to the farming of sheep for wool, meat and milk production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.2903/sp.efsa.2015.en-678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - D. Wolfe
- University of Guelph, Guelph, CA
| | | | - J. Glanville
- York Health Economics Consortium, University of York, UK
| | - H. Wood
- York Health Economics Consortium, University of York, UK
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Wood H, Arber M, Glanville J. The Quality of Search Methodology and Search Reporting in Published Systematic Reviews of Economic Evaluations: Search Sources. Value Health 2014; 17:A580. [PMID: 27201959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Wood
- York Health Economics Consortium, York, UK
| | - M Arber
- York Health Economics Consortium, York, UK
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Jackson A, Kammouni W, Wood H, Saleh A, Appolinario C, Ezzati P, Wilkins J, Fernyhough P. Role of the rabies virus phosphoprotein in the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction in rabies virus infection. Int J Infect Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.03.1339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Dagnan D, Dennis S, Wood H. A PILOT STUDY OF THE SATISFACTION OF PEOPLE WlTH LEARNING DISABILITIES WITH THE SERVICES THEY RECEIVE FROM COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY SERVICES. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1179/bjdd.1994.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Corner EJ, Wood H, Englebretsen C, Thomas A, Grant RL, Nikoletou D, Soni N. The Chelsea critical care physical assessment tool (CPAx): validation of an innovative new tool to measure physical morbidity in the general adult critical care population; an observational proof-of-concept pilot study. Physiotherapy 2012; 99:33-41. [PMID: 23219649 DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2012.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a scoring system to measure physical morbidity in critical care - the Chelsea Critical Care Physical Assessment Tool (CPAx). METHOD The development process was iterative involving content validity indices (CVI), a focus group and an observational study of 33 patients to test construct validity against the Medical Research Council score for muscle strength, peak cough flow, Australian Therapy Outcome Measures score, Glasgow Coma Scale score, Bloomsbury sedation score, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, Short Form 36 (SF-36) score, days of mechanical ventilation and inter-rater reliability. PARTICIPANTS Trauma and general critical care patients from two London teaching hospitals. RESULTS Users of the CPAx felt that it possessed content validity, giving a final CVI of 1.00 (P<0.05). Construct validation data showed moderate to strong significant correlations between the CPAx score and all secondary measures, apart from the mental component of the SF-36 which demonstrated weak correlation with the CPAx score (r=0.024, P=0.720). Reliability testing showed internal consistency of α=0.798 and inter-rater reliability of κ=0.988 (95% confidence interval 0.791 to 1.000) between five raters. CONCLUSION This pilot work supports proof of concept of the CPAx as a measure of physical morbidity in the critical care population, and is a cogent argument for further investigation of the scoring system.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Corner
- Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, 369 Fulham Road, London SW10 9NH, UK.
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27
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Wood H. Thomas James Wilmot. West J Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.d4410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Addley HC, Griffin N, Shaw AS, Mannelli L, Parker RA, Aitken S, Wood H, Davies S, Alexander GJ, Lomas DJ. Accuracy of hepatocellular carcinoma detection on multidetector CT in a transplant liver population with explant liver correlation. Clin Radiol 2011; 66:349-56. [PMID: 21295772 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2010.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Revised: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhotic patients undergoing liver transplantation. Secondary aims were to examine the effect of radiologist experience and lesion size on diagnostic accuracy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-nine patients (72% male with a mean age of 56.5 years) underwent liver transplantation following preoperative triple-phase MDCT examination of the liver. MDCT examinations were retrospectively independently reviewed by three radiologists for the presence and location of suspected HCCs, with the diagnostic confidence recorded using a five-point confidence scale. MDCT examinations were compared with explant specimens for histopathological correlation. RESULTS Histopathological results demonstrated 46 HCCs in 29 of the 39 patients. Analysis demonstrated a sensitivity of 65-75% and specificity of 47-88% for detection of HCC lesions. The sensitivity dropped to 48-57% for lesions of size ≤20mm. As the diagnostic confidence increased, there was a further decrease in the sensitivity (4-26%). The radiologist with the greatest number of years experience was found to have a significantly higher accuracy of detection of HCC lesions compared with the least experienced radiologist. CONCLUSION Larger lesion size of HCC and greater number of years experience of the radiologist resulted in significantly higher accuracy of HCC lesion detection. The overall sensitivity and specificity results for MDCT detection of HCC are comparable to previous helical CT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Addley
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
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Addley HC, Griffin N, Shaw AS, Mannelli L, Parker RA, Aitken S, Wood H, Davies S, Alexander GJ, Lomas DJ. Accuracy of hepatocellular carcinoma detection on multidetector CT in a transplant liver population with explant liver correlation. Clin Radiol 2011. [PMID: 21295772 DOI: 10.1016/j.card.2010.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhotic patients undergoing liver transplantation. Secondary aims were to examine the effect of radiologist experience and lesion size on diagnostic accuracy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-nine patients (72% male with a mean age of 56.5 years) underwent liver transplantation following preoperative triple-phase MDCT examination of the liver. MDCT examinations were retrospectively independently reviewed by three radiologists for the presence and location of suspected HCCs, with the diagnostic confidence recorded using a five-point confidence scale. MDCT examinations were compared with explant specimens for histopathological correlation. RESULTS Histopathological results demonstrated 46 HCCs in 29 of the 39 patients. Analysis demonstrated a sensitivity of 65-75% and specificity of 47-88% for detection of HCC lesions. The sensitivity dropped to 48-57% for lesions of size ≤20mm. As the diagnostic confidence increased, there was a further decrease in the sensitivity (4-26%). The radiologist with the greatest number of years experience was found to have a significantly higher accuracy of detection of HCC lesions compared with the least experienced radiologist. CONCLUSION Larger lesion size of HCC and greater number of years experience of the radiologist resulted in significantly higher accuracy of HCC lesion detection. The overall sensitivity and specificity results for MDCT detection of HCC are comparable to previous helical CT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Addley
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
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Peel T, Wood H, Dogan S, Connors S. 85 Breathlessness in advanced intrathoracic malignancy - a framework for intervention. Lung Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(11)70085-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Corner EJ, Wood H, Englebretsen C, Boot S, Nikoletou D. P248 Measuring physical recovery in the critical care population: development of the Chelsea critical care physical assessment tool (CPAx). Thorax 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.2010.151068.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Wood H, Gao T, Angermeier K. MP-02.05: Urinary function and QOL in men >60 undergoing perineal urethrostomy vs. urethral reconstruction. Urology 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2010.07.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Rittler P, Hoffmann J, Wood H, Lang R, Hüttl T, Jauch KW. Gewichtsverlauf und Vitaminveränderungen nach Sleevegastrektomie. Aktuel Ernahrungsmed 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1254593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hathaway M, Hatle J, Li S, Ding X, Barry T, Hong F, Wood H, Borst D. Characterization of hexamerin proteins and their mRNAs in the adult lubber grasshopper: The effects of nutrition and juvenile hormone on their levels. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2009; 154:323-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2009] [Revised: 06/17/2009] [Accepted: 06/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Shead S, Wood H, Artsob H. O12 Antibody response to rabies vaccine in healthy adults following primary immunization and the importance of occupational health surveillance programs. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(09)70159-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Tinmouth J, Gilmour MW, Kovacs C, Kropp R, Mitterni L, Rachlis A, Richards S, Salit I, Sikri R, Valencia GR, Wesson T, Wong T, Wood H. Is there a reservoir of sub-clinical lymphogranuloma venereum and non-LGV Chlamydia trachomatis infection in men who have sex with men? Int J STD AIDS 2009; 19:805-9. [PMID: 19050208 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2008.008260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY The aim of this study was to determine if a reservoir of sub-clinical LGV infection exists in men who have sex with men (MSM), as this finding might account for the recent rise in lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) Chlamydia trachomatis infections among MSM in Canada. MSM without proctitis were enrolled between January and August 2006 in a cross-sectional study. Rectal, urine, serology and pharyngeal specimens were tested for specific C. trachomatis serovars. The median age of the 253 participants was 43 years; 53% were HIV+. We found no active cases of LGV infection; but 20 (8%) participants had positive serology. Thirteen participants (5%) had non-LGV C. trachomatis infections. Unprotected anopenetrative intercourse, rectal enema and drug use were associated with non-LGV C. trachomatis infection. Sub-clinical rectal non-LGV C. trachomatis infection was relatively common but LGV was not identified in our sample. Further studies of screening for non-LGV chlamydia infection in MSM are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tinmouth
- Department of Medicine Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Division of Gastroenterology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Abstract
During mammalian neurulation regional differences are evident between the cranial region, in which neurulation is most complex, the trunk as far as the caudal neuropore and the secondary neurulation region of the caudal trunk plus tail. Differences among these three regions are characterized by specific patterns of morphogenesis and by specific patterns of gene expression. During cranial neurulation distinct regions develop in the brain and the presomitic hindbrain forms seven rhombomeric divisions. The first clear morphological boundary is the preotic sulcus (later transformed into the gyrus between rhombomeres 2 and 3), which may limit cell movement as neuroepithelial cells rostral to it flow towards and into the rapidly expanding forebrain region. The formation of rhombomeres as morphological entities and the development of a normal rhombomere-specific pattern of homeobox and other gene expression domains depend on relatively low levels of retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors, which are retinoic acid-activated transcription factors, and retinoid binding proteins, which control the availability of retinoic acid to the receptors, show regional patterns of expression in the cranial, trunk and caudal regions of the neuroepithelium during neurulation. These patterns suggest a possible mechanism for region-specific gene expression during neurulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Morriss-Kay
- Department of Human Anatomy, University of Oxford, UK
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Albur M, Wembri J, Hovenden J, Wood H, Billous R. Zygomycosis an emerging problem – 2 case reports. J Infect 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2007.04.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Nash I, Cliffe C, Holmes J, Wood H, Towell T. 913 BENCHMARKING PAIN MANAGEMENT IN THE QUEENS MEDICAL CENTRE (NOTTINGHAM UK) TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF PATIENT CARE. Eur J Pain 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1090-3801(06)60916-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Berenov A, Wei J, Wood H, Rudkin R, Atkinson A. Effect of aliovalent doping on the transport properties of lanthanum cuprates. J Solid State Electrochem 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-006-0184-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
In the last two decades, mortality from primary liver cancer has increased in the UK. We aimed to determine whether the incidence trends for these cancers were similar and in particular if the increasing occurrence of cholangiocarcinoma has continued. We calculated directly age-standardised incidence rates (using the European standard population) by subsite and histological type for all cancers of the liver, gallbladder and biliary tract in England and Wales from 1971 to 2001, using cancer registry data. The incidence of cancers of the liver, gallbladder and biliary tract increased, with the greatest rise, around 12-fold, in intrahepatic bile duct cancers. The rate of liver cell cancer increased by around 45% in males, but by <10% in females. There were marked reductions in the incidence of gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct cancer. Cholangiocarcinoma increased around 16-fold and became the most common type of primary liver cancer in females, while hepatocellular carcinoma remained the commonest type in males. The age-specific incidence rates showed that intrahepatic bile duct cancer continued to increase throughout the 1990s in those aged 75 and over, while liver cell cancer decreased in the older age groups. In conclusion, there were increases in the incidence of primary liver cancer, which have been particularly dramatic for intrahepatic bile duct cancer, over the last three decades of the 20th century in England and Wales. There has been a halving in the incidence of gallbladder cancer and a reduction of a third in extrahepatic bile duct cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J West
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre University Hospital, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - H Wood
- National Cancer Intelligence Centre, Office for National Statistics, London, UK
| | - R F A Logan
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre University Hospital, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - M Quinn
- National Cancer Intelligence Centre, Office for National Statistics, London, UK
| | - G P Aithal
- Wolfson Digestive Diseases Centre, Queen's Medical Centre University Hospital, D Floor, South Block, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- E-mail:
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Sanecki GM, Cowling A, Green K, Wood H, Lindenmayer D. Winter distribution of small mammals in relation to snow cover in the subalpine zone, Australia. J Zool (1987) 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00074.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. M. Sanecki
- Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - A. Cowling
- Statistical Consulting Unit, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - K. Green
- New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service, Snowy Mountains Region, Jindabyne, NSW, Australia
| | - H. Wood
- School of Science and Technology, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - D. Lindenmayer
- Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Li LC, Coyte PC, Lineker SC, Wood H, Renahan M. Ambulatory care or home-based treatment? An economic evaluation of two physiotherapy delivery options for people with rheumatoid arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 13:183-90. [PMID: 14635272 DOI: 10.1002/1529-0131(200008)13:4<183::aid-anr2>3.0.co;2-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the difference in costs of home-based versus clinic-based physiotherapy (PT) for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from a societal perspective. METHODS A cost analysis was performed using statistical and financial information provided by The Arthritis Society, Ontario Division, from April 1, 1997 to March 30, 1998. Cost estimates included treatment costs and costs borne by patients. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to examine the effect of altering the valuation of treatment time and patient employment status. RESULTS Total costs per case were $210.87 for the home setting, and $183.87 for the clinic setting when patients were employed. Sensitivity analysis did not change the trend of the results. The estimated start-up costs for an arthritis clinic were between $302.90 and $652.40. From the perspective of the health care system, these costs would be recovered after serving 4 to 8 RA patients at a clinic. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that ambulatory PT care is less costly than home-based services for people with RA based on The Arthritis Society model. Further studies should be conducted to examine the effectiveness and the possible adverse consequences of alternative settings for service delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Li
- Arthritis & Autoimmunity Research Centre, University Health Network, Consultation and Rehabilitation Service, Arthritis Society, Ontario Division, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Malas S, Postlethwaite M, Ekonomou A, Whalley B, Nishiguchi S, Wood H, Meldrum B, Constanti A, Episkopou V. Sox1-deficient mice suffer from epilepsy associated with abnormal ventral forebrain development and olfactory cortex hyperexcitability. Neuroscience 2003; 119:421-32. [PMID: 12770556 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(03)00158-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in several classes of embryonically-expressed transcription factor genes are associated with behavioral disorders and epilepsies. However, there is little known about how such genetic and neurodevelopmental defects lead to brain dysfunction. Here we present the characterization of an epilepsy syndrome caused by the absence of the transcription factor SOX1 in mice. In vivo electroencephalographic recordings from SOX1 mutants established a correlation between behavioral changes and cortical output that was consistent with a seizure origin in the limbic forebrain. In vitro intracellular recordings from three major forebrain regions, neocortex, hippocampus and olfactory (piriform) cortex (OC) showed that only the OC exhibits abnormal enhanced synaptic excitability and spontaneous epileptiform discharges. Furthermore, the hyperexcitability of the OC neurons was present in mutants prior to the onset of seizures but was completely absent from both the hippocampus and neocortex of the same animals. The local inhibitory GABAergic neurotransmission remained normal in the OC of SOX1-deficient brains, but there was a severe developmental deficit of OC postsynaptic target neurons, mainly GABAergic projection neurons within the olfactory tubercle and the nucleus accumbens shell. Our data show that SOX1 is essential for ventral telencephalic development and suggest that the neurodevelopmental defect disrupts local neuronal circuits leading to epilepsy in the SOX1-deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Malas
- Mammalian Neurogenesis Group, MRC, Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Rd, London W12 0NN, UK
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Wood H. Managing malpractice liability: tips to limit your risk. J Indiana Dent Assoc 2002; 80:12-4. [PMID: 11862644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Perceived poor communication and poor documentation are the primary culprits in litigation against dentists. Better communication can be attained by making strong efforts to involve the patient in the decision-making process when proposing treatment, and recording those discussions in the patient's record. Records should be meticulously kept, for legibility, accuracy, and objectivity protect a dentist from liability. The patient's medical history should also be a part of the record.
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Abstract
Differentiation or antiproliferative therapies have been most effective in the treatment of promyelocytic leukemia and are being investigated for the treatment of solid tumors including prostate cancer (PCa). Research suggests that these agents may induce terminal differentiation (arrest in G(0)), induce differentiation to a mature cell with cellular functions and a growth pattern similar to nonmalignant cells, or trigger apoptosis. This review focuses on classes of agents under laboratory and clinical evaluation as antiproliferative or differentiating agents: polyamine inhibitors, vitamin D and its analogs, metabolites of vitamin A, the short-chain fatty acid, phenylbutyrate, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. Because differentiation therapies offer a reduced toxicity profile and have potential for preventing or slowing cancer progression, they may offer an alternative to chemotherapy for men with advanced PCa, or may be useful as low-toxicity agents given chronically for chemoprevention in men at high risk for PCa. Clinical trials are needed to define the role of these agents in primary and secondary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Walczak
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Wood H. Leader of the Seventh. J Contemp Health Law Policy 2001; 17:xxi-xxx. [PMID: 11216347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Wood
- University of Illinois, USA
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Buttery LD, Bourne S, Xynos JD, Wood H, Hughes FJ, Hughes SP, Episkopou V, Polak JM. Differentiation of osteoblasts and in vitro bone formation from murine embryonic stem cells. Tissue Eng 2001; 7:89-99. [PMID: 11224927 DOI: 10.1089/107632700300003323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells have the potential to differentiate to all fetal and adult cell types and might represent a useful cell source for tissue engineering and repair. Here we show that differentiation of ES cells toward the osteoblast lineage can be enhanced by supplementing serum-containing media with ascorbic acid, beta-glycerophosphate, and/or dexamethasone/retinoic acid or by co-culture with fetal murine osteoblasts. ES cell differentiation into osteoblasts was characterized by the formation of discrete mineralized bone nodules that consisted of 50-100 cells within an extracellular matrix of collagen-1 and osteocalcin. Dexamethasone in combination with ascorbic acid and beta-glycerophosphate induced the greatest number of bone nodules and was dependent on time of stimulation with a sevenfold increase when added to ES cultures after, but not before, 14 days. Co-culture with fetal osteoblasts also provided a potent stimulus for osteogenic differentiation inducing a fivefold increase in nodule number relative to ES cells cultured alone. These data demonstrate the application of a quantitative assay for the derivation of osteoblast lineage progenitors from pluripotent ES cells. This could be applied to obtain purified osteoblasts to analyze mechanisms of osteogenesis and for use of ES cells in skeletal tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- L D Buttery
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Imperial College School of Medicine, London SW10 9NH, UK.
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Wood H, Grabowska A, Bayston R. Search for the peptide mimics of the antigen produced in ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunt infection. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2000; 10 Suppl 1:48-9. [PMID: 11214840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Wood
- University Division of Microbiology, City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
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