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Murphy M, Suliman S, Briel L, Veldtsman H, Khomba N, Africa H, Steyn M, Snyders CI, van Rensburg IC, Walzl G, Chegou NN, Hatherill M, Hanekom WA, Scriba TJ, Nemes E. Newborn bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination induces robust infant interferon-γ-expressing natural killer cell responses to mycobacteria. Int J Infect Dis 2023:S1201-9712(23)00069-3. [PMID: 36842756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is usually administered at birth to protect against severe forms of tuberculosis in children. BCG also confers some protection against other infections, possibly mediated by innate immune training. We investigated whether newborn BCG vaccination modulates myeloid and natural killer (NK) cell responses to mycobacteria. METHODS BCG vaccination was either administered at birth or delayed to 6 or 10 weeks of age in 130 South African infants. Whole blood was stimulated with BCG and clusters of differentiation (CD)4+ T, myeloid, and NK cell responses were measured by flow cytometry; the levels of secreted cytokines were measured by a multiplex bead array. RESULTS Newborn BCG vaccination was associated with significantly higher frequencies of BCG-reactive, cytokine-expressing CD4+ T cells, and interferon (IFN)-γ-expressing NK cells than in unvaccinated infants but no differences in cytokine-expressing CD33+ myeloid cells were observed. The induction of BCG-reactive IFN-γ-expressing NK cells was not associated with the markers of NK cell maturation, differentiation, or cytokine receptor expression. BCG-reactive NK cell responses correlated directly with the levels of secreted interleukin (IL)-2 and IFN-γ and the innate pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in BCG-vaccinated infants only. CONCLUSION We showed that BCG-reactive IFN-γ-expressing NK cells are strongly induced by BCG vaccination in infants and are likely amplified through bystander cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Murphy
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sara Suliman
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Libby Briel
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Helen Veldtsman
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nondumiso Khomba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hadn Africa
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marcia Steyn
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Candice I Snyders
- Department of Science and Technology, National Research Foundation, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ilana C van Rensburg
- Department of Science and Technology, National Research Foundation, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gerhard Walzl
- Department of Science and Technology, National Research Foundation, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Novel N Chegou
- Department of Science and Technology, National Research Foundation, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mark Hatherill
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Willem A Hanekom
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thomas J Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elisa Nemes
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Llibre A, Smith N, Rouilly V, Musvosvi M, Nemes E, Posseme C, Mabwe S, Charbit B, Mbandi SK, Filander E, Africa H, Saint-André V, Bondet V, Bost P, Mulenga H, Bilek N, Albert ML, Scriba TJ, Duffy D. Tuberculosis alters immune-metabolic pathways resulting in perturbed IL-1 responses. Front Immunol 2022; 13:897193. [PMID: 36591308 PMCID: PMC9795069 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.897193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem and we lack a comprehensive understanding of how Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) infection impacts host immune responses. We compared the induced immune response to TB antigen, BCG and IL-1β stimulation between latently M. tb infected individuals (LTBI) and active TB patients. This revealed distinct responses between TB/LTBI at transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic levels. At baseline, we identified a novel immune-metabolic association between pregnane steroids, the PPARγ pathway and elevated plasma IL-1ra in TB. We observed dysregulated IL-1 responses after BCG stimulation in TB patients, with elevated IL-1ra responses being explained by upstream TNF differences. Additionally, distinct secretion of IL-1α/IL-1β in LTBI/TB after BCG stimulation was associated with downstream differences in granzyme mediated cleavage. Finally, IL-1β driven signalling was dramatically perturbed in TB disease but was completely restored after successful treatment. This study improves our knowledge of how immune responses are altered during TB disease, and may support the design of improved preventive and therapeutic tools, including host-directed strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Llibre
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Nikaïa Smith
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Munyaradzi Musvosvi
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elisa Nemes
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Céline Posseme
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Simbarashe Mabwe
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bruno Charbit
- Cytometry and Biomarkers UTechS, CRT, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stanley Kimbung Mbandi
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Filander
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hadn Africa
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Violaine Saint-André
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France,Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, Computational Biology Department, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Bondet
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Bost
- Sorbonne Université, Complexité du vivant, Paris, France,Systems Biology Group, Computational Biology Department, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Humphrey Mulenga
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nicole Bilek
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Thomas J. Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Translational Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France,Cytometry and Biomarkers UTechS, CRT, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France,*Correspondence: Darragh Duffy,
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3
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Gela A, Murphy M, Rodo M, Hadley K, Hanekom WA, Boom W, Johnson JL, Hoft DF, Joosten SA, Ottenhoff TH, Suliman S, Moody D, Lewinsohn DM, Hatherill M, Seshadri C, Nemes E, Scriba TJ, Briel L, Veldtsman H, Khomba N, Pienaar B, Africa H, Steyn M. Effects of BCG vaccination on donor unrestricted T cells in two prospective cohort studies. EBioMedicine 2022; 76:103839. [PMID: 35149285 PMCID: PMC8842032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-protein antigen classes can be presented to T cells by near-monomorphic antigen-presenting molecules such as CD1, MR1, and butyrophilin 3A1. Such T cells, referred to as donor unrestricted T (DURT) cells, typically express stereotypic T cell receptors. The near-unrestricted nature of DURT cell antigen recognition is of particular interest for vaccine development, and we sought to define the roles of DURT cells, including MR1-restricted MAIT cells, CD1b-restricted glucose monomycolate (GMM)-specific T cells, CD1d-restricted NKT cells, and γδ T cells, in vaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. METHODS We compared and characterized DURT cells following primary bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination in a cohort of vaccinated and unvaccinated infants, as well as before and after BCG-revaccination in adults. FINDINGS BCG (re)vaccination did not modulate peripheral blood frequencies, T cell activation or memory profiles of MAIT cells, CD1b-restricted GMM-specific and germline-encoded mycolyl-reactive (GEM) cells or CD1d-restricted NKT cells. By contrast, primary BCG vaccination was associated with increased frequencies of γδ T cells as well as a novel subset of CD26+CD161+TRAV1-2- IFN-γ-expressing CD4+ T cells in infants. INTERPRETATION Our findings, that most DURT cell populations were not modulated by BCG, do not preclude a role of BCG in modulating other qualitative aspects of DURT cells. More studies are required to understand the full potential of DURT cells in new TB vaccine strategies. FUNDING Aeras, the National Institutes of Health, and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anele Gela
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Melissa Murphy
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Miguel Rodo
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa,Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kate Hadley
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - W.Henry Boom
- Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - John L. Johnson
- Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Daniel F. Hoft
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Allergy & Immunology, Edward A. Doisy Research Center, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Simone A. Joosten
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tom H.M. Ottenhoff
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sara Suliman
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa,Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D.Branch Moody
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David M. Lewinsohn
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Mark Hatherill
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Chetan Seshadri
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elisa Nemes
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thomas J. Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa,Corresponding author.
| | - Libby Briel
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hellen Veldtsman
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nondumiso Khomba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bernadette Pienaar
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hadn Africa
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marcia Steyn
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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4
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Mulenga H, Musvosvi M, Mendelsohn SC, Penn-Nicholson A, Kimbung Mbandi S, Gartland AF, Tameris M, Mabwe S, Africa H, Bilek N, Kafaar F, Khader SA, Carstens B, Hadley K, Hikuam C, Erasmus M, Jaxa L, Raphela R, Nombida O, Kaskar M, Nicol MP, Mbhele S, Van Heerden J, Innes C, Brumskine W, Hiemstra A, Malherbe ST, Hassan-Moosa R, Walzl G, Naidoo K, Churchyard G, Hatherill M, Scriba TJ. Longitudinal Dynamics of a Blood Transcriptomic Signature of Tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 204:1463-1472. [PMID: 34520313 PMCID: PMC8865716 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202103-0548oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale Performance of blood transcriptomic tuberculosis (TB) signatures in longitudinal studies and effects of TB-preventive therapy and coinfection with HIV or respiratory organisms on transcriptomic signatures has not been systematically studied. Objectives We evaluated longitudinal kinetics of an 11-gene blood transcriptomic TB signature, RISK11, and effects of TB-preventive therapy (TPT) and respiratory organisms on RISK11 signature score, in HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected individuals. Methods RISK11 was measured in a longitudinal study of RISK11-guided TPT in HIV-uninfected adults, a cross-sectional respiratory organisms cohort, or a longitudinal study in people living with HIV (PLHIV). HIV-uninfected RISK11+ participants were randomized to TPT or no TPT; RISK11− participants received no TPT. PLHIV received standard-of-care antiretroviral therapy and TPT. In the cross-sectional respiratory organisms cohort, viruses and bacteria in nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were quantified by real-time quantitative PCR. Measurements and Main Results RISK11+ status was transient in most of the 128 HIV-negative participants with longitudinal samples; more than 70% of RISK11+ participants reverted to RISK11− by 3 months, irrespective of TPT. By comparison, reversion from a RISK11+ state was less common in 645 PLHIV (42.1%). Non-HIV viral and nontuberculous bacterial organisms were detected in 7.2% and 38.9% of the 1,000 respiratory organisms cohort participants, respectively, and among those investigated for TB, 3.8% had prevalent disease. Median RISK11 scores (%) were higher in participants with viral organisms alone (46.7%), viral and bacterial organisms (42.8%), or prevalent TB (85.7%) than those with bacterial organisms other than TB (13.4%) or no organisms (14.2%). RISK11 could not discriminate between prevalent TB and viral organisms. Conclusions Positive RISK11 signature status is often transient, possibly due to intercurrent viral infection, highlighting potentially important challenges for implementation of these biomarkers as new tools for TB control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humphrey Mulenga
- University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, 63726, Pathology, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Munyaradzi Musvosvi
- University of Cape Town, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Simon C Mendelsohn
- University of Cape Town, 37716, South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Adam Penn-Nicholson
- University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, 63726, South Africa Tuberculosis Vaccines Initiative (SATVI), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stanley Kimbung Mbandi
- University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, 63726, South Africa Tuberculosis Vaccines Initiative (SATVI), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andrew-Fiore Gartland
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 7286, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Seattle, Washington, United States
| | | | - Simbarashe Mabwe
- University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, 63726, South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hadn Africa
- University of Cape Town, South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nicole Bilek
- University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, 63726, South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Fazlin Kafaar
- University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, 63726, South Africa Tuberculosis Vaccines Initiative (SATVI), Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Balie Carstens
- University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, 63726, South Africa Tuberculosis Vaccines Initiative (SATVI), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Katie Hadley
- University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, 63726, South Africa Tuberculosis Vaccines Initiative (SATVI), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Chris Hikuam
- University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, 63726, South Africa Tuberculosis Vaccines Initiative (SATVI), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mzwandile Erasmus
- University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, 63726, South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lungisa Jaxa
- University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, 63726, South Africa Tuberculosis Vaccines Initiative (SATVI), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rodney Raphela
- University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, 63726, South Africa Tuberculosis Vaccines Initiative (SATVI), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Onke Nombida
- University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, 63726, South Africa Tuberculosis Vaccines Initiative (SATVI), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Masooda Kaskar
- University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, 63726, South Africa Tuberculosis Vaccines Initiative (SATVI), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mark P Nicol
- University of Capetown, Pediatrics & Child Health, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Slindile Mbhele
- University of Capetown, Pediatrics & Child Health, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Judi Van Heerden
- University of Capetown, Pediatrics & Child Health, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Craig Innes
- The Aurum Institute for Health Research, 72030, Parktown, South Africa
| | - William Brumskine
- The Aurum Institute for Health Research, 72030, Parktown, South Africa
| | - Andriëtte Hiemstra
- 7DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research and SAMRC Centre for TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas J Scriba
- University of Cape Town, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Observatory, South Africa;
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5
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Baguma R, Mbandi SK, Rodo MJ, Erasmus M, Day J, Makhethe L, de Kock M, van Rooyen M, Stone L, Bilek N, Steyn M, Africa H, Darboe F, Chegou NN, Tromp G, Walzl G, Hatherill M, Penn-Nicholson A, Scriba TJ. Inflammatory Determinants of Differential Tuberculosis Risk in Pre-Adolescent Children and Young Adults. Front Immunol 2021; 12:639965. [PMID: 33717192 PMCID: PMC7947716 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.639965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk of progression from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection to active tuberculosis (TB) disease varies markedly with age. TB disease is significantly less likely in pre-adolescent children above 4 years of age than in very young children or post-pubescent adolescents and young adults. We hypothesized that pro-inflammatory responses to M.tb in pre-adolescent children are either less pronounced or more regulated, than in young adults. Inflammatory and antimicrobial mediators, measured by microfluidic RT-qPCR and protein bead arrays, or by analyzing published microarray data from TB patients and controls, were compared in pre-adolescent children and adults. Multivariate analysis revealed that M.tb-uninfected 8-year-old children had lower levels of myeloid-associated pro-inflammatory mediators than uninfected 18-year-old young adults. Relative to uninfected children, those with M.tb-infection had higher levels of similar myeloid inflammatory responses. These inflammatory mediators were also expressed after in vitro stimulation of whole blood from uninfected children with live M.tb. Our findings suggest that myeloid inflammation is intrinsically lower in pre-pubescent children than in young adults. The lower or more regulated pro-inflammatory responses may play a role in the lower risk of TB disease in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Baguma
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stanley Kimbung Mbandi
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Miguel J. Rodo
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mzwandile Erasmus
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jonathan Day
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lebohang Makhethe
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marwou de Kock
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Michele van Rooyen
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lynnett Stone
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nicole Bilek
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marcia Steyn
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hadn Africa
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Fatoumatta Darboe
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Novel N. Chegou
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gerard Tromp
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gerhard Walzl
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mark Hatherill
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Adam Penn-Nicholson
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thomas J. Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Duffy D, Nemes E, Llibre A, Rouilly V, Musvosvi M, Smith N, Filander E, Africa H, Mabwe S, Jaxa L, Charbit B, Mulenga H, Tameris M, Walzl G, Malherbe S, Thomas S, Hatherill M, Bilek N, Scriba TJ, Albert ML. Immune profiling enables stratification of patients with active TB disease or M. tuberculosis infection. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 73:e3398-e3408. [PMID: 33059361 PMCID: PMC8563210 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection and is a major public health problem. Clinical challenges include the lack of a blood-based test for active disease. Current blood-based tests, such as QuantiFERON (QFT) do not distinguish active TB disease from asymptomatic Mtb infection. Methods We hypothesized that TruCulture, an immunomonitoring method for whole-blood stimulation, could discriminate active disease from latent Mtb infection (LTBI). We stimulated whole blood from patients with active TB and compared with LTBI donors. Mtb-specific antigens and live bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) were used as stimuli, with direct comparison to QFT. Protein analyses were performed using conventional and digital enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), as well as Luminex. Results TruCulture showed discrimination of active TB cases from LTBI (P < .0001, AUC = .81) compared with QFT (P = .45, AUC = .56), based on an interferon γ (IFNγ) readout after Mtb antigen (Ag) stimulation. This result was replicated in an independent cohort (AUC = .89). In exploratory analyses, TB stratification could be further improved by the Mtb antigen to BCG IFNγ ratio (P < .0001, AUC = .91). Finally, the combination of digital ELISA and transcriptional analysis showed that LTBI donors with high IFNγ clustered with patients with TB, suggesting the possibility to identify subclinical disease. Conclusions TruCulture offers a next-generation solution for whole-blood stimulation and immunomonitoring with the possibility to discriminate active and latent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darragh Duffy
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Inserm U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Elisa Nemes
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alba Llibre
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Inserm U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | - Munyaradzi Musvosvi
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nikaïa Smith
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Inserm U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Elizabeth Filander
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hadn Africa
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Simbarashe Mabwe
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lungisa Jaxa
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bruno Charbit
- Centre for Translational Research, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Humphrey Mulenga
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Michele Tameris
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gerhard Walzl
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research; Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stephanus Malherbe
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research; Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stephanie Thomas
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Inserm U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Mark Hatherill
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nicole Bilek
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thomas J Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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7
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Papadopoulou M, Dimova T, Shey M, Briel L, Veldtsman H, Khomba N, Africa H, Steyn M, Hanekom WA, Scriba TJ, Nemes E, Vermijlen D. Fetal public Vγ9Vδ2 T cells expand and gain potent cytotoxic functions early after birth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:18638-18648. [PMID: 32665435 PMCID: PMC7414170 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1922595117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are a major human blood γδ T cell population that respond in a T cell receptor (TCR)-dependent manner to phosphoantigens which are generated by a variety of microorganisms. It is not clear how Vγ9Vδ2 T cells react toward the sudden microbial exposure early after birth. We found that human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells with a public/shared fetal-derived TCR repertoire expanded within 10 wk postpartum. Such an expansion was not observed in non-Vγ9Vδ2 γδ T cells, which possessed a private TCR repertoire. Furthermore, only the Vγ9Vδ2 T cells differentiated into potent cytotoxic effector cells by 10 wk of age, despite their fetal origin. Both the expansion of public fetal Vγ9Vδ2 T cells and their functional differentiation were not affected by newborn vaccination with the phosphoantigen-containing bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. These findings suggest a strong and early priming of the public fetal-derived Vγ9Vδ2 T cells promptly after birth, likely upon environmental phosphoantigen exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Papadopoulou
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
- ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- U-CRI, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Tanya Dimova
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Muki Shey
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, 7925 Observatory, South Africa
| | - Libby Briel
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, 7925 Observatory, South Africa
| | - Helen Veldtsman
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, 7925 Observatory, South Africa
| | - Nondumiso Khomba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, 7925 Observatory, South Africa
| | - Hadn Africa
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, 7925 Observatory, South Africa
| | - Marcia Steyn
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, 7925 Observatory, South Africa
| | - Willem A Hanekom
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, 7925 Observatory, South Africa
| | - Thomas J Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, 7925 Observatory, South Africa
| | - Elisa Nemes
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, 7925 Observatory, South Africa
| | - David Vermijlen
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
- ULB Center for Research in Immunology (U-CRI), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- U-CRI, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
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8
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Musvosvi M, Duffy D, Filander E, Africa H, Mabwe S, Jaxa L, Bilek N, Llibre A, Rouilly V, Hatherill M, Albert M, Scriba TJ, Nemes E. T-cell biomarkers for diagnosis of tuberculosis: candidate evaluation by a simple whole blood assay for clinical translation. Eur Respir J 2018; 51:13993003.00153-2018. [PMID: 29567725 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00153-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Munyaradzi Musvosvi
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, and Division of Immunology, Dept of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Dept of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Elizabeth Filander
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, and Division of Immunology, Dept of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hadn Africa
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, and Division of Immunology, Dept of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Simbarashe Mabwe
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, and Division of Immunology, Dept of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lungisa Jaxa
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, and Division of Immunology, Dept of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nicole Bilek
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, and Division of Immunology, Dept of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alba Llibre
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Dept of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Rouilly
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Dept of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France
| | - Mark Hatherill
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, and Division of Immunology, Dept of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Matthew Albert
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Dept of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,INSERM U1223, Paris, France.,Cancer Immunology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Thomas J Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, and Division of Immunology, Dept of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Elisa Nemes
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, and Division of Immunology, Dept of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,These authors contributed equally
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9
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Luabeya AKK, Kagina BMN, Tameris MD, Geldenhuys H, Hoff ST, Shi Z, Kromann I, Hatherill M, Mahomed H, Hanekom WA, Andersen P, Scriba TJ, Schoeman E, Krohn C, Day CL, Africa H, Makhethe L, Smit E, Brown Y, Suliman S, Hughes EJ, Bang P, Snowden MA, McClain B, Hussey GD. First-in-human trial of the post-exposure tuberculosis vaccine H56:IC31 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infected and non-infected healthy adults. Vaccine 2015; 33:4130-40. [PMID: 26095509 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND H56:IC31 is a candidate tuberculosis vaccine comprising a fusion protein of Ag85B, ESAT-6 and Rv2660c, formulated in IC31 adjuvant. This first-in-human, open label phase I trial assessed the safety and immunogenicity of H56:IC31 in healthy adults without or with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection. METHODS Low dose (15 μg H56 protein in 500 nmol IC31) or high dose (50 μg H56, 500 nmol IC31) vaccine was administered intramuscularly thrice, at 56-day intervals. Antigen-specific T cell responses were measured by intracellular cytokine staining and antibody responses by ELISA. RESULTS One hundred and twenty-six subjects were screened and 25 enrolled and vaccinated. No serious adverse events were reported. Nine subjects (36%) presented with transient cardiovascular adverse events. The H56:IC31 vaccine induced antigen-specific IgG responses and Th1 cytokine-expressing CD4(+) T cells. M.tb-infected vaccinees had higher frequencies of H56-induced CD4(+) T cells than uninfected vaccinees. Low dose vaccination induced more polyfunctional (IFN-γ(+)TNF-α(+)IL-2(+)) and higher frequencies of H56-specific CD4(+) T cells compared with high dose vaccination. A striking increase in IFN-γ-only-expressing CD4(+) T cells, displaying a CD45RA(-)CCR7(-) effector memory phenotype, emerged after the second high-dose vaccination in M.tb-infected vaccinees. TNF-α(+)IL-2(+) H56-specific memory CD4(+) T cells were detected mostly after low-dose H56 vaccination in M.tb-infected vaccinees, and predominantly expressed a CD45RA(-)CCR7(+) central memory phenotype. Our results support further clinical testing of H56:IC31.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelique Kany Kany Luabeya
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Benjamin M N Kagina
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Vaccines for Africa Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Michele D Tameris
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hennie Geldenhuys
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Soren T Hoff
- Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Mark Hatherill
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hassan Mahomed
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Western Cape Government and Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Willem A Hanekom
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Thomas J Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elisma Schoeman
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Colleen Krohn
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Cheryl L Day
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hadn Africa
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lebohang Makhethe
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Erica Smit
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Yolande Brown
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sara Suliman
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - E Jane Hughes
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Peter Bang
- Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Gregory D Hussey
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Vaccines for Africa Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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10
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Nemes E, Kagina BMN, Smit E, Africa H, Steyn M, Hanekom WA, Scriba TJ. Differential leukocyte counting and immunophenotyping in cryopreservedex vivowhole blood. Cytometry A 2014; 87:157-65. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Nemes
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI); Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town; Cape Town Western Cape South Africa
| | - Benjamin M. N. Kagina
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI); Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town; Cape Town Western Cape South Africa
| | - Erica Smit
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI); Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town; Cape Town Western Cape South Africa
| | - Hadn Africa
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI); Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town; Cape Town Western Cape South Africa
| | - Marcia Steyn
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI); Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town; Cape Town Western Cape South Africa
| | - Willem A. Hanekom
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI); Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town; Cape Town Western Cape South Africa
| | - Thomas J. Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI); Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town; Cape Town Western Cape South Africa
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11
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Shey MS, Nemes E, Whatney W, de Kock M, Africa H, Barnard C, van Rooyen M, Stone L, Riou C, Kollmann T, Hawn TR, Scriba TJ, Hanekom WA. Maturation of innate responses to mycobacteria over the first nine months of life. J Immunol 2014; 192:4833-43. [PMID: 24733845 PMCID: PMC4048703 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Newborns and young infants are particularly susceptible to infections, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Further, immunogenicity of vaccines against tuberculosis and other infectious diseases appears suboptimal early in life compared with later in life. We hypothesized that developmental changes in innate immunity would underlie these observations. To determine the evolution of innate responses to mycobacteria early in life, whole blood or PBMC from newborns, as well as 10- and 36-wk-old infants, was incubated with viable Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin or TLR ligands. Innate cell expression of cytokines and maturation markers was assessed, as well as activation of the proinflammatory NF-κB- and MAPK-signaling pathways. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-induced production of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-12p40 increased from the newborn period to 9 mo of age in monocytes but not in myeloid dendritic cells. No changes in production of anti-inflammatory IL-10 were observed. CD40 expression increased with age in both cell populations. Older infants displayed substantial activation of all three signal transduction molecules: degradation of NF-κB inhibitor IκBα and phosphorylation of MAPK Erk and p38 upon TLR1/2 triggering, compared with predominant activation of only one of any of these molecules in newborns. Maturation of innate proinflammatory responses during the first 9 mo of life may underlie more effective control of mycobacteria and other pathogens observed later in infancy and age-related differential induction of Th1 responses by vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muki S. Shey
- South African TB Vaccine Initiative and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Elisa Nemes
- South African TB Vaccine Initiative and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Wendy Whatney
- South African TB Vaccine Initiative and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marwou de Kock
- South African TB Vaccine Initiative and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hadn Africa
- South African TB Vaccine Initiative and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Charlene Barnard
- South African TB Vaccine Initiative and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Michele van Rooyen
- South African TB Vaccine Initiative and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lynnette Stone
- South African TB Vaccine Initiative and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Catherine Riou
- Division of Medical Virology, IDM, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Thomas R. Hawn
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA
| | - Thomas J. Scriba
- South African TB Vaccine Initiative and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Willem A. Hanekom
- South African TB Vaccine Initiative and School of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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