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Khafizova E, Fakhretdinova E, Islamgaliev R, Polenok M, Sitdikov V, Yilmazer H. Effect of Plastic Deformation on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of the Zn-4Ag-1Cu Zinc Alloy. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:4646. [PMID: 37444960 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
It is known that zinc biodegradable alloys are a promising material for producing biomedical implants for orthopedics and vascular stents. Among them, the Zn-Ag-Cu zinc alloy is of special interest due to the antibacterial and antimicrobial properties of Ag and Cu. To improve the mechanical properties of the Zn-4Ag-1Cu zinc alloy, the effect of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) on the microstructure and strength has been investigated. The ECAP conditions for the Zn-4Ag-1Cu alloy were chosen by modeling in the Deform 3 D program (temperature and strain rate). The microstructure was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The study of strength was carried out by measuring the microhardness and tensile tests of small samples with a gauge dimension of 0.8 × 1 × 4 mm3. The microstructure after ECAP was characterized by equiaxed grains ranging in a size from 1.5 µm to 4 µm with particles in a size from 200 nm to 1 µm uniformly distributed along the boundaries. The ECAP samples showed a high strength of 348 MPa and good ductility of up to 30%, demonstrating their great potential as promising materials for producing medical stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Khafizova
- Institute of Physics of Advanced Materials, Ufa University of Science and Technology, 450076 Ufa, Russia
| | - Elvira Fakhretdinova
- Institute of Molecules and Crystal Physics, Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450075 Ufa, Russia
| | - Rinat Islamgaliev
- Institute of Physics of Advanced Materials, Ufa University of Science and Technology, 450076 Ufa, Russia
| | - Milena Polenok
- Institute of Physics of Advanced Materials, Ufa University of Science and Technology, 450076 Ufa, Russia
| | - Vil Sitdikov
- LLC "RN-BashNIPIneft", Lenina Street 86/1, 450076 Ufa, Russia
| | - Hakan Yilmazer
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Esenler 34220, Istanbul, Turkey
- Health Biotechnology Joint Research and Application Center of Excellence, Esenler 34220, Istanbul, Turkey
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Hernández-Escobar D, Champagne S, Yilmazer H, Dikici B, Boehlert CJ, Hermawan H. Current status and perspectives of zinc-based absorbable alloys for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2019; 97:1-22. [PMID: 31351253 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Absorbable metals have the potential to serve as the next generation of temporary medical implant devices by safely dissolving in the human body upon vascular tissue healing and bone regeneration. Their implementation in the market could greatly reduce the need of costly and risky additional surgeries for either implant replacement or removal, often required in current permanent implants. Despite the extensive research done over the last two decades on magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) based alloys, they have not generally shown a satisfactory combination of mechanical properties, biocompatibility and controlled degradation rate in the physiological environment. Consequently, zinc (Zn) based alloys were introduced in the last few years as alternative materials to overcome the limitations of Fe and Mg-based alloys. The blend of different alloying elements and processing conditions have led to a wide variety of Zn-based alloys having tunable mechanical properties and corrosion rates. This review provides the most recent progress in the development of absorbable Zn-based alloys for biomedical implant applications, primarily for cardiovascular and orthopedic devices. Their biocompatibility, processability and metallurgical aspects, as well as their mechanical behavior and corrosion properties are presented and discussed, including their opportunities, limitations and future research directions. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Temporary orthopedic bioimplants have become increasingly popular as they offer an alternative to prevent complications, like infections or secondary surgeries, often related to the implantation of permanent devices. Iron and magnesium alloys were extensively studied as candidates for absorbable medical applications, but they generally failed to provide a desirable mechanical performance and corrosion characteristics in the physiological environment. Zinc was introduced in the last decade as a potential implant material after showing outstanding biocompatibility and biodegradability. This review summarizes the research advances to date and provides a thorough discussion of the future challenges of absorbable zinc alloys to satisfy the demanding clinical benchmarks for absorbable medical applications. Their biocompatibility, mechanical, and corrosion aspects, both in vitro and in vivo, are comprehensively reviewed and assessed accordingly.
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Yilmazer H, Şen M, Niinomi M, Nakai M, Huihong L, Cho K, Todaka Y, Shiku H, Matsue T. Developing biomedical nano-grained β-type titanium alloys using high pressure torsion for improved cell adherence. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23454a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper surface characteristics for a titanium implant are crucial for the formation of different cellular protrusions known as filopodia and lamellipodia, both of which have a significant impact on cell attachment, spreading, and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Yilmazer
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering
- Yildiz Technical University
- Istanbul 34210
- Turkey
- Institute for Materials Research
| | - Mustafa Şen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Izmir Katip Celebi University
- Izmir 35620
- Turkey
| | - Mitsuo Niinomi
- Institute for Materials Research
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8577
- Japan
| | - Masaaki Nakai
- Institute for Materials Research
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8577
- Japan
| | - Liu Huihong
- Institute for Materials Research
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8577
- Japan
| | - Ken Cho
- Division of Materials and Manufacturing Science
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- Osaka 565-0871
- Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Todaka
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Toyohashi University of Technology
- Toyohashi 441-8580
- Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shiku
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8579
- Japan
| | - Tomokazu Matsue
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8579
- Japan
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research
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Isik M, Niinomi M, Cho K, Nakai M, Liu H, Yilmazer H, Horita Z, Sato S, Narushima T. Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of biomedical Co-Cr-Mo alloy subjected to high-pressure torsion. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2015; 59:226-235. [PMID: 26774617 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effects of severe plastic deformation through high-pressure torsion (HPT) on the microstructure and tensile properties of a biomedical Co-Cr-Mo (CCM) alloy were investigated. The microstructure was examined as a function of torsional rotation number, N and equivalent strain, εeq in the HPT processing. Electron backscatter diffraction analysis (EBSD) shows that a strain-induced martensitic transformation occurs by the HPT processing. Grain diameter decreases with increasing εeq, and the HPT-processed alloy (CCMHPT) for εeq=45 exhibits an average grain diameter of 47nm, compared to 70μm for the CCM alloy before HPT processing. Blurred and wavy grain boundaries with low-angle of misorientation in the CCMHPT sample for εeq<45 become better-defined grain boundaries with high-angle of misorientation after HPT processing for εeq=45. Kernel average misorientation (KAM) maps from EBSD indicate that KAM inside grains increases with εeq for εeq<45, and then decreases for εeq=45. The volume fraction of the ε (hcp) phase in the CCMHPT samples slightly increases at εeq=9, and decreases at εeq=45. In addition, the strength of the CCMHPT samples increases at εeq=9, and then decrease at εeq=45. The decrease in the strength is attributed to the decrease in the volume fraction of ε phase, annihilation of dislocations, and decrease in strain in the CCMHPT sample processed at εeq=45 by HPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Isik
- Graduate Student, Department of Materials Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Mitsuo Niinomi
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Ken Cho
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Masaaki Nakai
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Huihong Liu
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Hakan Yilmazer
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Zenji Horita
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; WPI, International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Shigeo Sato
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Hitachi 316-8511, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Narushima
- Department of Materials Processing, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
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