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Zhang L, Li X, Xu X, Le Y, Cao H, Zhang J, Xue F, Hu M, Xia Y, Pan M, Chen L, Zheng J. Ixekizumab-induced urticaria is associated with the short duration of remission in psoriasis by activation of mast cells. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024; 90:970-976. [PMID: 38244613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mast cell degranulation plays a pivotal role in urticaria and is also an early histologic characteristic of psoriasis. However, whether the activation of mast cells contributes to psoriasis recurrence after discontinuation of interleukin (IL)-17A blockers remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of mast cells in ixekizumab treatment-associated urticaria (ITAUR) and assess the effect of urticaria eruption on psoriasis relapse. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on biopsies of patients who experienced psoriasis relapse after discontinuation of ixekizumab. Transcriptomic and histopathologic features were assessed. Patterns were compared between patients with ITAUR and nonurticaria (NUR) as well as psoriasis-like mice with mast cell activation or inactivation. RESULTS Patients with ITAUR experienced early relapse compared with NUR group after treatment withdrawal. Transcriptomic and histopathologic analyses revealed that patients with ITAUR had an elevated proportion of mast cells in resolved skin. Especially, the proportion of IL-17A+ mast cells was inversely correlated with the duration of remission. LIMITATIONS The mechanism of mast cell activation in ITAUR has not been precisely elucidated. CONCLUSION Ixekizumab treatment increases IL-17A+ mast cells in lesions of ITAUR, which is associated with early psoriasis relapse after ixekizumab withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Laboratory of Dermatoimmunology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Dermatology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xintian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunchen Le
- Laboratory of Dermatoimmunology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Cao
- Laboratory of Dermatoimmunology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Laboratory of Dermatoimmunology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyan Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhan Xia
- Laboratory of Dermatoimmunology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihong Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jie Zheng
- Laboratory of Dermatoimmunology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Wang R, Lin Y', Zhang C, Wu H, Jin Q, Guo J, Cao H, Tan D, Wu T. Fine mapping and analysis of a candidate gene controlling Phytophthora blight resistance in cucumber. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2024. [PMID: 38607927 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Cucumber blight is a destructive disease. The best way to control this disease is resistance breeding. This study focuses on disease resistance gene mapping and molecular marker development. We used the resistant cucumber, JSH, and susceptible cucumber, B80, as parents to construct F2 populations. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) combined with specific length amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) were used, from which we developed cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPs) markers to map the resistance gene. Resistance in F2 individuals showed a segregation ratio of resistance:susceptibility close to 3:1. The gene in JSH resistant cucumber was mapped to an interval of 9.25 kb, and sequencing results for the three genes in the mapped region revealed three mutations at base sites 225, 302, and 591 in the coding region of Csa5G139130 between JSH and B80, but no mutations in coding regions of Csa5G139140 and Csa5G139150. The mutations caused changes in amino acids 75 and 101 of the protein encoded by Csa5G139130, suggesting that Csa5G139130 is the most likely resistance candidate gene. We developed a molecular marker, CAPs-4, as a closely linked marker for the cucumber blight resistance gene. This is the first report on mapping of a cucumber blight resistance gene and will provideg a useful marker for molecular breeding of cucumber resistance to Phytophthora blight.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Wang
- Institute of Facility Agriculture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (IFA, GDAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Y 'e Lin
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Guangzhou, China
| | - C Zhang
- Institute of Facility Agriculture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (IFA, GDAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - H Wu
- Institute of Facility Agriculture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (IFA, GDAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Q Jin
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Guo
- Institute of Facility Agriculture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (IFA, GDAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - H Cao
- Institute of Facility Agriculture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (IFA, GDAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - D Tan
- Institute of Facility Agriculture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (IFA, GDAAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - T Wu
- Institute of Facility Agriculture, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (IFA, GDAAS), Guangzhou, China
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Zhong H, Zhou X, Uhm H, Jiang Y, Cao H, Chen Y, Mak TTW, Lo RMN, Wong BWY, Cheng EYL, Mok KY, Chan ALT, Kwok TCY, Mok VCT, Ip FCF, Hardy J, Fu AKY, Ip NY. Using blood transcriptome analysis for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and patient stratification. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:2469-2484. [PMID: 38323937 PMCID: PMC11032555 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Blood protein biomarkers demonstrate potential for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis. Limited studies examine the molecular changes in AD blood cells. METHODS Bulk RNA-sequencing of blood cells was performed on AD patients of Chinese descent (n = 214 and 26 in the discovery and validation cohorts, respectively) with normal controls (n = 208 and 38 in the discovery and validation cohorts, respectively). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and deconvolution analysis identified AD-associated gene modules and blood cell types. Regression and unsupervised clustering analysis identified AD-associated genes, gene modules, cell types, and established AD classification models. RESULTS WGCNA on differentially expressed genes revealed 15 gene modules, with 6 accurately classifying AD (areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve [auROCs] > 0.90). These modules stratified AD patients into subgroups with distinct disease states. Cell-type deconvolution analysis identified specific blood cell types potentially associated with AD pathogenesis. DISCUSSION This study highlights the potential of blood transcriptome for AD diagnosis, patient stratification, and mechanistic studies. HIGHLIGHTS We comprehensively analyze the blood transcriptomes of a well-characterized Alzheimer's disease cohort to identify genes, gene modules, pathways, and specific blood cells associated with the disease. Blood transcriptome analysis accurately classifies and stratifies patients with Alzheimer's disease, with some gene modules achieving classification accuracy comparable to that of the plasma ATN biomarkers. Immune-associated pathways and immune cells, such as neutrophils, have potential roles in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhong
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
| | - Xiaopu Zhou
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceDisease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Hyebin Uhm
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
| | - Yuanbing Jiang
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
| | - Han Cao
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
| | - Yu Chen
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceDisease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenGuangdongChina
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen–Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science‐Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Tiffany T. W. Mak
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
| | - Ronnie Ming Nok Lo
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
| | - Bonnie Wing Yan Wong
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
| | - Elaine Yee Ling Cheng
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
| | - Kin Y. Mok
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
| | | | - Timothy C. Y. Kwok
- Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Centre for Prevention of DementiaDivision of GeriatricsDepartment of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHKSARChina
| | - Vincent C. T. Mok
- Lau Tat‐chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in ChineseTherese Pei Fong Chow Research Centre for Prevention of DementiaGerald Choa Neuroscience InstituteLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesDivision of NeurologyDepartment of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHKSARChina
| | - Fanny C. F. Ip
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceDisease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - John Hardy
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- Institute for Advanced StudyThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
| | - Amy K. Y. Fu
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceDisease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Nancy Y. Ip
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceDisease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenGuangdongChina
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Cao H, Zheng T, Jin Z. Validation for the effect of intra-exposure patient motion on the assessment of radiostereometric implant migration in a tibial component phantom study. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2024; 110:103776. [PMID: 38016580 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2023.103776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of radiostereometry (RSA) research studies have long-term follow-up implant migration outcomes, which show ascending curves of implant migration with occasionally decreasing migration. After scrutinizing images and RSA scenes related to the alternating curves, we suppose that intra-exposure patient motion may contribute to that. The main purposes of this in vitro study were 1) to identify whether the patient motion in different directions could result in the inaccurate assessment of implant migration, and 2) to figure out which direction(s) accounted for the alternating curves. HYPOTHESIS It was hypothesized that the assessments of implant migration would be less precise and accurate than they could be when patient motion occurred, and such motion would contribute to the alternating curves of radiostereometric implant migration. MATERIALS AND METHODS A customized phantom, assembled with a tibial component, was designed for simulating intra-exposure patient motion during follow-up RSA examinations. Two different Roentgen tubes were used as the current standard of radiology departments. Radiographs were acquired in a uniplanar technical arrangement. Two defined protocols were conducted: one is to simulate implant migration outcomes at post-op, the early stage (6months), and the later stage (2 to 10years) ; during the later stage, the other is to mimic patient motion by phantom motion in the medial-lateral (x), distal-proximal (y), and anterior-posterior (z) axes. RESULTS Phantom motion could result in the inaccurate assessment of implant migration, and translations along the medial-lateral (x) axis were the most influenced by patient motion. Motion along the medial-lateral (x) axis could account for the curves with decreasing migration. DISCUSSION Our assessments of implant migration may be less precise and accurate than they could be when intra-exposure patient motion occurs. We probably neglect the importance of 100% simultaneous exposures, and the influence of patient motion on RSA accuracy and data reliability, due to the difficulty in detecting patient (micro)motion. Electronically synchronized exposures of two paired Roentgen tubes are 100% simultaneous for image acquisition, and they are thus highly recommended for the assessment of implant migration in RSA. TYPE OF STUDY AND LEVEL OF PROOF not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, 225599 Taizhou, PR China.
| | - Tiansheng Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, 341000 Ganzhou, PR China
| | - Zhengshuai Jin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, PR China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jiangsu Shengze Hospital, 215228 Suzhou, PR China
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Cao H, Hansen LM, Giorgino F, Carosini L, Zahálka P, Zilk F, Loredo JC, Walther P. Photonic Source of Heralded Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger States. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:130604. [PMID: 38613278 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.130604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Generating large multiphoton entangled states is of main interest due to enabling universal photonic quantum computing and all-optical quantum repeater nodes. These applications exploit measurement-based quantum computation using cluster states. Remarkably, it was shown that photonic cluster states of arbitrary size can be generated by using feasible heralded linear optics fusion gates that act on heralded three-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states as the initial resource state. Thus, the capability of generating heralded GHZ states is of great importance for scaling up photonic quantum computing. Here, we experimentally demonstrate this required building block by reporting a polarisation-encoded heralded GHZ state of three photons, for which we build a high-rate six-photon source (547±2 Hz) from a solid-state quantum emitter and a stable polarization-based interferometer. The detection of three ancillary photons heralds the generation of three-photon GHZ states among the remaining particles with fidelities up to F=0.7278±0.0106. Our results initiate a path for scalable entangling operations using heralded linear-optics implementations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Cao
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology (VCQ), 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Photonic Quantum Computer, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - L M Hansen
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology (VCQ), 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Photonic Quantum Computer, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - F Giorgino
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology (VCQ), 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Photonic Quantum Computer, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - L Carosini
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology (VCQ), 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Photonic Quantum Computer, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - P Zahálka
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Photonic Quantum Computer, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - F Zilk
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Photonic Quantum Computer, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - J C Loredo
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology (VCQ), 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Photonic Quantum Computer, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - P Walther
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology (VCQ), 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Photonic Quantum Computer, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Shan JT, Hua ZH, Xu P, Cao H, Jiao ZY, Sun LK, Liu SR, Xia L, Xue WH, Li Z. [Mid- and long-term results of surgical treatment of brachiocephalic Takayasu arteritis]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2024; 62:229-234. [PMID: 38291639 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20230904-00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the mid - and long-term outcomes of surgical treatment of brachiocephalic Takayasu arteritis. Methods: This is a retrospective case series study. The clinical data of 39 patients,which had been diagnosed as brachiocephalic Takayasu arteritis (244 cases),who underwent surgical treatment,were analyzed between July 2012 to November 2022 at Department of Endoluminal Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. There were 5 males and 34 females, aged (37.9±14.0)years (range:13 to 71 years). Despite medical treatment, the patients suffered severe ischemic symptoms continually and then underwent surgical interventions. Among them, 20 patients underwent endovascular procedures, 11 underwent open surgical procedures, and 8 underwent hybrid procedures. Patients were followed up through outpatient visits at 1, 3, 6 months after surgery and once every year later. Follow-up was conducted until November 2022. Operation status, postoperative complications and re-intervention of patients were recorded and the Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze postoperative vascular patency rates. Results: All 39 surgeries were successful, with no intraoperative death or serious complications. The follow-up period was (48.8±38.2) months(range:1 to 123 months). Thirty-three patients experienced symptom relief after surgery, and 6 patients required secondary surgical interventions. The patency rates for the endovascular treatment group at 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year were 95.0%, 75.2%, 60.2%, and 60.2%, respectively, while the patency rates for open surgery were all 90.9%. In the hybrid surgery group, the patency rates at 1-, 3-, 5-, and 8-year were all 87.5%. Conclusion: For patients with brachiocephalic Takayasu arteritis, choice of an appropriate blood flow revascularization intervention should be based on the patient's condition,and the mid-and long-term outcomes are satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Shan
- Department of Endoluminal Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Z H Hua
- Department of Endoluminal Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - P Xu
- Department of Endoluminal Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - H Cao
- Department of Endoluminal Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Z Y Jiao
- Department of Endoluminal Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - L K Sun
- Department of Endoluminal Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - S R Liu
- Department of Endoluminal Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - L Xia
- Department of Endoluminal Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - W H Xue
- Department of Endoluminal Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Z Li
- Department of Endoluminal Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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Zhang ZZ, Zhu CC, Cao H. [Thinking and strategy selection on the quality control of early gastric cancer]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2024; 27:137-142. [PMID: 38413079 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20231101-00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
With the developing technique of the diagnosis and treatment of early gastric cancer, the quality of early gastric cancer diagnosis and treatment is coming into focus, and is crucial to improve the overall management of gastric cancer. It is necessary to establish a quality control system to ensure the quality of diagnosis and treatment for EGC. Based on the summary of the diagnosis and treatment status and technological progress of early gastric cancer, this paper proposes the quality control strategy, content and plan for the diagnosis and treatment process of EGC from the aspects of multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment, clinical diagnosis technology, endoscopic and surgical treatment, pathological diagnosis and follow-up, with a view to expound the rationality, standardization and quality guarantee of the diagnosis and treatment process for early gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Z Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - C C Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - H Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
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Cao H, Li H, Luan N, Zhang H, Lin K, Hu J, Song J, Liu C. A rabies mRNA vaccine with H270P mutation in its glycoprotein induces strong cellular and humoral immunity. Vaccine 2024; 42:1116-1121. [PMID: 38262810 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Rabies is a lethal zoonotic disease that kills approximately 60,000 people each year. As the sole virion-surface protein, the rabies virus glycoprotein (RABV-G) mediates its host-cell entry. RABV-G's pre-fusion conformation displays major known neutralizing antibody epitopes, which can be used as immunogen for prophylaxis. H270P targeted mutation can stabilize RABV-G in the pre-fusion conformation. Herein, we report the development of a highly promising rabies mRNA vaccine composed of H270P targeted mutation packaged in lipid nanoparticle (LNP), named LNP-mRNA-G-H270P. Humoral and cellular immunity of this vaccine were assessed in mice comparing to the unmodified LNP-mRNA-G and a commercially available inactivated vaccine using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett's multiple comparisons test. The results show the titer of RABV-G-specific IgG and virus-neutralization antibody titers (VNTs) in LNP-mRNA-G-H270P group were significant higher than those in LNP-mRNA-G and inactivated vaccine groups. Likewise, IFN-γ-secreting splenocytes, level of IL-2 in the supernatant of spleen cells, as well as IFN-γ-producing CD4+ T cells in LNP-mRNA-G-H270P group were significant higher than those in the other two vaccine groups. Hence, these results demonstrated that targeting the H270P mutation in RABV-G through an mRNA-LNP vaccine platform represents a promising strategy for developing a more efficacious rabies vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Cao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Ning Luan
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Haihao Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Kangyang Lin
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Jingping Hu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Song
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China.
| | - Cunbao Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China.
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Zhou BN, Hua ZH, Xia L, Cao H, Jiao ZY, Xu P, Zhang S, Zhang Q, Li Z. [Clinical characteristics and efficacy analysis of various treatments for spontaneous carotid artery dissection]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 104:337-343. [PMID: 38281801 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20231007-00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical features of spontaneous carotid artery dissection (SCAD) and the efficacy of different treatment methods. Methods: The clinical data of 164 patients with SCAD who were treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2018 to January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 127 males and 37 females, with a mean age of (49.5±11.1) years. They were divided into conservative treatment group (n=100) and surgical treatment group (n=64) according to whether they received surgical treatment. Patients were followed at 3, 6, and 12 months after discharge and annually thereafter through outpatient or inpatient visits. The incidence of cerebral ischemic events, cerebral hemorrhage events, and mortality rates during hospitalization and follow-up periods were analyzed in the two patient groups. To examine correlates of revascularization in SCAD, multifactorial logistic regression analysis was used. Results: Of the 164 patients, 18 patients had bilateral SCAD and a total of 182 carotid arteries were included in the study. Ischemic stroke (85 cases, 51.8%) and transient ischemic attack (31 cases, 18.9%) were the main clinical manifestations in SCAD patients. Hypertension (81 cases, 49.4%) and hyperlipidemia (39 cases, 23.8%) were the main comorbidities in SCAD patients. During hospitalization, 100 patients in the conservative treatment group received medication in 113 carotid arteries, no new cerebral ischemic events or symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage events occurred, and no death occurred. A total of 69 carotid arteries were surgically treated in 64 patients in the surgical treatment group. The success rate was 97.1% (67/69). In the surgical treatment group, the proportion of carotid stenosis degree≥90% was 47.8% (33/69), the proportion of type Ⅱ SCAD was 60.9% (42/69), and the proportion discharged from the hospital to receive antiplatelet therapy was 92.8% (64/69), which were higher than those in the conservative treatment group, which were 25.7% (29/113), 45.1% (51/113), and 73.5% (83/113), respectively (all P<0.05). The follow-up time [M(Q1, Q3)] in the conservative treatment group was 24 (13, 34) months, with an 8% (9/113) rate of ischemic events and a 7.1% (8/113) rate of readmission; in the surgical treatment group, the follow-up time was 24 (11, 38) months, and there were no new ischemic events or deaths. The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that the degree of true luminal stenosis<90% (OR=2.738, 95%CI: 1.067-7.026, P=0.036) and type Ⅰ dissections (OR=2.656, 95%CI: 1.189-5.935, P=0.017) were the correlates of complete revascularization. Conclusions: Ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack are the main clinical manifestations in patients with SCAD. Pharmacological antithrombotic therapy remains the method of choice, and endovascular treatment after failure of conservative therapy reduces the risk of recurrent long-term cerebral ischemic events and the re-admission rate of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B N Zhou
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Z H Hua
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - L Xia
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - H Cao
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Z Y Jiao
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - P Xu
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - S Zhang
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Z Li
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Guo X, Zhou J, Yu H, Cao H, Li X, Hu Q, Yu Y. Serum lipidomic study of long-chain fatty acids in psoriasis patients prior to and after anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibody treatment by quantitative GC‒MS analysis with in situ extraction. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:6. [PMID: 38185620 PMCID: PMC10773056 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01999-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) are involved in regulating multiple physiological processes as signalling molecules. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is widely used to quantify LCFAs. However, current quantitative methods for LCFAs using GC-MS have demonstrated complicated issues. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, and its pathogenesis may be related to the overproduction of interleukin-17A (IL-17A). Clinical efficacy of anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment in psoriasis patients has been demonstrated. Recent studies suggest that LCFAs play varying roles in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. However, more comprehensive research is needed to illuminate the mechanism of LCFAs in psoriasis. METHODS The established in situ derivatization method for analysing LCFAs with a GC-MS platform was utilized to conduct serum lipidomics analysis of healthy volunteers and psoriasis patients receiving pretherapy and posttreatment with of anti-IL-17A mAb. Imiquimod (IMQ)-treated wild type (WT) and T-cell receptor delta chain knock-out (Tcrd-/-) mice were used to investigate the correlation between IL-17A and abnormal changes in LCFAs in psoriasis patients. RESULTS A rapid and sensitive in situ extraction derivatization method for quantifying LCFAs using GC-MS was established. Serum lipidomic results showed that psoriasis patients had higher levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) but lower levels of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and ω-3 PUFAs than healthy individuals, indicating impaired serum LCFA metabolism. Anti-IL-17A mAb treatment affected most of these LCFA changes. Analysis of LCFAs in IMQ-treated mice showed that LCFAs increased in the serum of WT mice, while there were no significant changes in the Tcrd-/- mice. SFAs increased in IMQ-treated WT mice, while MUFAs showed the opposite trend, and PUFAs did not change significantly. CONCLUSIONS This study presented a dependable method for quantifying LCFAs that enhanced sensitivity and reduced analysis time. The lipidomic analysis results showed that anti-IL-17A mAb not only ameliorated skin lesions in psoriasis patients but also affected abnormal LCFAs metabolism. Furthermore, the study indicated a potential correlation between IL-17A and abnormal LCFA metabolism in psoriasis patients, which was supported by the alterations in serum LCFAs observed in IMQ-treated WT and Tcrd-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoYu Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Jianglu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Hong Yu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality, Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Han Cao
- Department of Dermatology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Dermatology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - Qing Hu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality, Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
| | - YunQiu Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
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11
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Quinn TP, Hess JL, Marshe VS, Barnett MM, Hauschild AC, Maciukiewicz M, Elsheikh SSM, Men X, Schwarz E, Trakadis YJ, Breen MS, Barnett EJ, Zhang-James Y, Ahsen ME, Cao H, Chen J, Hou J, Salekin A, Lin PI, Nicodemus KK, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Bichindaritz I, Faraone SV, Cairns MJ, Pandey G, Müller DJ, Glatt SJ. A primer on the use of machine learning to distil knowledge from data in biological psychiatry. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-023-02334-2. [PMID: 38177352 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02334-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Applications of machine learning in the biomedical sciences are growing rapidly. This growth has been spurred by diverse cross-institutional and interdisciplinary collaborations, public availability of large datasets, an increase in the accessibility of analytic routines, and the availability of powerful computing resources. With this increased access and exposure to machine learning comes a responsibility for education and a deeper understanding of its bases and bounds, borne equally by data scientists seeking to ply their analytic wares in medical research and by biomedical scientists seeking to harness such methods to glean knowledge from data. This article provides an accessible and critical review of machine learning for a biomedically informed audience, as well as its applications in psychiatry. The review covers definitions and expositions of commonly used machine learning methods, and historical trends of their use in psychiatry. We also provide a set of standards, namely Guidelines for REporting Machine Learning Investigations in Neuropsychiatry (GREMLIN), for designing and reporting studies that use machine learning as a primary data-analysis approach. Lastly, we propose the establishment of the Machine Learning in Psychiatry (MLPsych) Consortium, enumerate its objectives, and identify areas of opportunity for future applications of machine learning in biological psychiatry. This review serves as a cautiously optimistic primer on machine learning for those on the precipice as they prepare to dive into the field, either as methodological practitioners or well-informed consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Quinn
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute (A2I2), Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Jonathan L Hess
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Victoria S Marshe
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
- Pharmacogenetics Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Michelle M Barnett
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Anne-Christin Hauschild
- Department of Medical Informatics, Medical University Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, 37075, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Maciukiewicz
- Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, 3010, Switzerland
- Department for Biomedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, 3010, Switzerland
| | - Samar S M Elsheikh
- Pharmacogenetics Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Xiaoyu Men
- Pharmacogenetics Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Emanuel Schwarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, J5 68159, Germany
| | - Yannis J Trakadis
- Department Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Michael S Breen
- Psychiatry, Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Eric J Barnett
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Yanli Zhang-James
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Mehmet Eren Ahsen
- Department of Business Administration, Gies College of Business, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle-Illinois School of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
| | - Han Cao
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, J5 68159, Germany
| | - Junfang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, J5 68159, Germany
| | - Jiahui Hou
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Asif Salekin
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA
| | - Ping-I Lin
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Mental Health Research Unit, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia
| | | | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Clinical Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, J5 68159, Germany
| | - Isabelle Bichindaritz
- Biomedical and Health Informatics/Computer Science Department, State University of New York at Oswego, Oswego, NY, 13126, USA
- Intelligent Bio Systems Lab, State University of New York at Oswego, Oswego, NY, 13126, USA
| | - Stephen V Faraone
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Murray J Cairns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Gaurav Pandey
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Daniel J Müller
- Pharmacogenetics Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Stephen J Glatt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Norton College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
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Staplin N, Haynes R, Judge PK, Wanner C, Green JB, Emberson J, Preiss D, Mayne KJ, Ng SYA, Sammons E, Zhu D, Hill M, Stevens W, Wallendszus K, Brenner S, Cheung AK, Liu ZH, Li J, Hooi LS, Liu WJ, Kadowaki T, Nangaku M, Levin A, Cherney D, Maggioni AP, Pontremoli R, Deo R, Goto S, Rossello X, Tuttle KR, Steubl D, Petrini M, Seidi S, Landray MJ, Baigent C, Herrington WG, Abat S, Abd Rahman R, Abdul Cader R, Abdul Hafidz MI, Abdul Wahab MZ, Abdullah NK, Abdul-Samad T, Abe M, Abraham N, Acheampong S, Achiri P, Acosta JA, Adeleke A, Adell V, Adewuyi-Dalton R, Adnan N, Africano A, Agharazii M, Aguilar F, Aguilera A, Ahmad M, Ahmad MK, Ahmad NA, Ahmad NH, Ahmad NI, Ahmad Miswan N, Ahmad Rosdi H, Ahmed I, Ahmed S, Ahmed S, Aiello J, Aitken A, AitSadi R, Aker S, Akimoto S, Akinfolarin A, Akram S, Alberici F, Albert C, Aldrich L, Alegata M, Alexander L, Alfaress S, Alhadj Ali M, Ali A, Ali A, Alicic R, Aliu A, Almaraz R, Almasarwah R, Almeida J, Aloisi A, Al-Rabadi L, Alscher D, Alvarez P, Al-Zeer B, Amat M, Ambrose C, Ammar H, An Y, Andriaccio L, Ansu K, Apostolidi A, Arai N, Araki H, Araki S, Arbi A, Arechiga O, Armstrong S, Arnold T, Aronoff S, Arriaga W, Arroyo J, Arteaga D, Asahara S, Asai A, Asai N, Asano S, Asawa M, Asmee MF, Aucella F, Augustin M, Avery A, Awad A, Awang IY, Awazawa M, Axler A, Ayub W, Azhari Z, Baccaro R, Badin C, Bagwell B, Bahlmann-Kroll E, Bahtar AZ, Baigent C, Bains D, Bajaj H, Baker R, Baldini E, Banas B, Banerjee D, Banno S, Bansal S, Barberi S, Barnes S, Barnini C, Barot C, Barrett K, Barrios R, Bartolomei Mecatti B, Barton I, Barton J, Basily W, Bavanandan S, Baxter A, Becker L, Beddhu S, Beige J, Beigh S, Bell S, Benck U, Beneat A, Bennett A, Bennett D, Benyon S, Berdeprado J, Bergler T, Bergner A, Berry M, Bevilacqua M, Bhairoo J, Bhandari S, Bhandary N, Bhatt A, Bhattarai M, Bhavsar M, Bian W, Bianchini F, Bianco S, Bilous R, Bilton J, Bilucaglia D, Bird C, Birudaraju D, Biscoveanu M, Blake C, Bleakley N, Bocchicchia K, Bodine S, Bodington R, Boedecker S, Bolduc M, Bolton S, Bond C, Boreky F, Boren K, Bouchi R, Bough L, Bovan D, Bowler C, Bowman L, Brar N, Braun C, Breach A, Breitenfeldt M, Brenner S, Brettschneider B, Brewer A, Brewer G, Brindle V, Brioni E, Brown C, Brown H, Brown L, Brown R, Brown S, Browne D, Bruce K, Brueckmann M, Brunskill N, Bryant M, Brzoska M, Bu Y, Buckman C, Budoff M, Bullen M, Burke A, Burnette S, Burston C, Busch M, Bushnell J, Butler S, Büttner C, Byrne C, Caamano A, Cadorna J, Cafiero C, Cagle M, Cai J, Calabrese K, Calvi C, Camilleri B, Camp S, Campbell D, Campbell R, Cao H, Capelli I, Caple M, Caplin B, Cardone A, Carle J, Carnall V, Caroppo M, Carr S, Carraro G, Carson M, Casares P, Castillo C, Castro C, Caudill B, Cejka V, Ceseri M, Cham L, Chamberlain A, Chambers J, Chan CBT, Chan JYM, Chan YC, Chang E, Chang E, Chant T, Chavagnon T, Chellamuthu P, Chen F, Chen J, Chen P, Chen TM, Chen Y, Chen Y, Cheng C, Cheng H, Cheng MC, Cherney D, Cheung AK, Ching CH, Chitalia N, Choksi R, Chukwu C, Chung K, Cianciolo G, Cipressa L, Clark S, Clarke H, Clarke R, Clarke S, Cleveland B, Cole E, Coles H, Condurache L, Connor A, Convery K, Cooper A, Cooper N, Cooper Z, Cooperman L, Cosgrove L, Coutts P, Cowley A, Craik R, Cui G, Cummins T, Dahl N, Dai H, Dajani L, D'Amelio A, Damian E, Damianik K, Danel L, Daniels C, Daniels T, Darbeau S, Darius H, Dasgupta T, Davies J, Davies L, Davis A, Davis J, Davis L, Dayanandan R, Dayi S, Dayrell R, De Nicola L, Debnath S, Deeb W, Degenhardt S, DeGoursey K, Delaney M, Deo R, DeRaad R, Derebail V, Dev D, Devaux M, Dhall P, Dhillon G, Dienes J, Dobre M, Doctolero E, Dodds V, Domingo D, Donaldson D, Donaldson P, Donhauser C, Donley V, Dorestin S, Dorey S, Doulton T, Draganova D, Draxlbauer K, Driver F, Du H, Dube F, Duck T, Dugal T, Dugas J, Dukka H, Dumann H, Durham W, Dursch M, Dykas R, Easow R, Eckrich E, Eden G, Edmerson E, Edwards H, Ee LW, Eguchi J, Ehrl Y, Eichstadt K, Eid W, Eilerman B, Ejima Y, Eldon H, Ellam T, Elliott L, Ellison R, Emberson J, Epp R, Er A, Espino-Obrero M, Estcourt S, Estienne L, Evans G, Evans J, Evans S, Fabbri G, Fajardo-Moser M, Falcone C, Fani F, Faria-Shayler P, Farnia F, Farrugia D, Fechter M, Fellowes D, Feng F, Fernandez J, Ferraro P, Field A, Fikry S, Finch J, Finn H, Fioretto P, Fish R, Fleischer A, Fleming-Brown D, Fletcher L, Flora R, Foellinger C, Foligno N, Forest S, Forghani Z, Forsyth K, Fottrell-Gould D, Fox P, Frankel A, Fraser D, Frazier R, Frederick K, Freking N, French H, Froment A, Fuchs B, Fuessl L, Fujii H, Fujimoto A, Fujita A, Fujita K, Fujita Y, Fukagawa M, Fukao Y, Fukasawa A, Fuller T, Funayama T, Fung E, Furukawa M, Furukawa Y, Furusho M, Gabel S, Gaidu J, Gaiser S, Gallo K, Galloway C, Gambaro G, Gan CC, Gangemi C, Gao M, Garcia K, Garcia M, Garofalo C, Garrity M, Garza A, Gasko S, Gavrila M, Gebeyehu B, Geddes A, Gentile G, George A, George J, Gesualdo L, Ghalli F, Ghanem A, Ghate T, Ghavampour S, Ghazi A, Gherman A, Giebeln-Hudnell U, Gill B, Gillham S, Girakossyan I, Girndt M, Giuffrida A, Glenwright M, Glider T, Gloria R, Glowski D, Goh BL, Goh CB, Gohda T, Goldenberg R, Goldfaden R, Goldsmith C, Golson B, Gonce V, Gong Q, Goodenough B, Goodwin N, Goonasekera M, Gordon A, Gordon J, Gore A, Goto H, Goto S, Goto S, Gowen D, Grace A, Graham J, Grandaliano G, Gray M, Green JB, Greene T, Greenwood G, Grewal B, Grifa R, Griffin D, Griffin S, Grimmer P, Grobovaite E, Grotjahn S, Guerini A, Guest C, Gunda S, Guo B, Guo Q, Haack S, Haase M, Haaser K, Habuki K, Hadley A, Hagan S, Hagge S, Haller H, Ham S, Hamal S, Hamamoto Y, Hamano N, Hamm M, Hanburry A, Haneda M, Hanf C, Hanif W, Hansen J, Hanson L, Hantel S, Haraguchi T, Harding E, Harding T, Hardy C, Hartner C, Harun Z, Harvill L, Hasan A, Hase H, Hasegawa F, Hasegawa T, Hashimoto A, Hashimoto C, Hashimoto M, Hashimoto S, Haskett S, Hauske SJ, Hawfield A, Hayami T, Hayashi M, Hayashi S, Haynes R, Hazara A, Healy C, Hecktman J, Heine G, Henderson H, Henschel R, Hepditch A, Herfurth K, Hernandez G, Hernandez Pena A, Hernandez-Cassis C, Herrington WG, Herzog C, Hewins S, Hewitt D, Hichkad L, Higashi S, Higuchi C, Hill C, Hill L, Hill M, Himeno T, Hing A, Hirakawa Y, Hirata K, Hirota Y, Hisatake T, Hitchcock S, Hodakowski A, Hodge W, Hogan R, Hohenstatt U, Hohenstein B, Hooi L, Hope S, Hopley M, Horikawa S, Hosein D, Hosooka T, Hou L, Hou W, Howie L, Howson A, Hozak M, Htet Z, Hu X, Hu Y, Huang J, Huda N, Hudig L, Hudson A, Hugo C, Hull R, Hume L, Hundei W, Hunt N, Hunter A, Hurley S, Hurst A, Hutchinson C, Hyo T, Ibrahim FH, Ibrahim S, Ihana N, Ikeda T, Imai A, Imamine R, Inamori A, Inazawa H, Ingell J, Inomata K, Inukai Y, Ioka M, Irtiza-Ali A, Isakova T, Isari W, Iselt M, Ishiguro A, Ishihara K, Ishikawa T, Ishimoto T, Ishizuka K, Ismail R, Itano S, Ito H, Ito K, Ito M, Ito Y, Iwagaitsu S, Iwaita Y, Iwakura T, Iwamoto M, Iwasa M, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki S, Izumi K, Izumi K, Izumi T, Jaafar SM, Jackson C, Jackson Y, Jafari G, Jahangiriesmaili M, Jain N, Jansson K, Jasim H, Jeffers L, Jenkins A, Jesky M, Jesus-Silva J, Jeyarajah D, Jiang Y, Jiao X, Jimenez G, Jin B, Jin Q, Jochims J, Johns B, Johnson C, Johnson T, Jolly S, Jones L, Jones L, Jones S, Jones T, Jones V, Joseph M, Joshi S, Judge P, Junejo N, Junus S, Kachele M, Kadowaki T, Kadoya H, Kaga H, Kai H, Kajio H, Kaluza-Schilling W, Kamaruzaman L, Kamarzarian A, Kamimura Y, Kamiya H, Kamundi C, Kan T, Kanaguchi Y, Kanazawa A, Kanda E, Kanegae S, Kaneko K, Kaneko K, Kang HY, Kano T, Karim M, Karounos D, Karsan W, Kasagi R, Kashihara N, Katagiri H, Katanosaka A, Katayama A, Katayama M, Katiman E, Kato K, Kato M, Kato N, Kato S, Kato T, Kato Y, Katsuda Y, Katsuno T, Kaufeld J, Kavak Y, Kawai I, Kawai M, Kawai M, Kawase A, Kawashima S, Kazory A, Kearney J, Keith B, Kellett J, Kelley S, Kershaw M, Ketteler M, Khai Q, Khairullah Q, Khandwala H, Khoo KKL, Khwaja A, Kidokoro K, Kielstein J, Kihara M, Kimber C, Kimura S, Kinashi H, Kingston H, Kinomura M, Kinsella-Perks E, Kitagawa M, Kitajima M, Kitamura S, Kiyosue A, Kiyota M, Klauser F, Klausmann G, Kmietschak W, Knapp K, Knight C, Knoppe A, Knott C, Kobayashi M, Kobayashi R, Kobayashi T, Koch M, Kodama S, Kodani N, Kogure E, Koizumi M, Kojima H, Kojo T, Kolhe N, Komaba H, Komiya T, Komori H, Kon SP, Kondo M, Kondo M, Kong W, Konishi M, Kono K, Koshino M, Kosugi T, Kothapalli B, Kozlowski T, Kraemer B, Kraemer-Guth A, Krappe J, Kraus D, Kriatselis C, Krieger C, Krish P, Kruger B, Ku Md Razi KR, Kuan Y, Kubota S, Kuhn S, Kumar P, Kume S, Kummer I, Kumuji R, Küpper A, Kuramae T, Kurian L, Kuribayashi C, Kurien R, Kuroda E, Kurose T, Kutschat A, Kuwabara N, Kuwata H, La Manna G, Lacey M, Lafferty K, LaFleur P, Lai V, Laity E, Lambert A, Landray MJ, Langlois M, Latif F, Latore E, Laundy E, Laurienti D, Lawson A, Lay M, Leal I, Leal I, Lee AK, Lee J, Lee KQ, Lee R, Lee SA, Lee YY, Lee-Barkey Y, Leonard N, Leoncini G, Leong CM, Lerario S, Leslie A, Levin A, Lewington A, Li J, Li N, Li X, Li Y, Liberti L, Liberti ME, Liew A, Liew YF, 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Effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease: a prespecified secondary analysis from the empa-kidney trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:39-50. [PMID: 38061371 PMCID: PMC7615591 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce progression of chronic kidney disease and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a wide range of patients. However, their effects on kidney disease progression in some patients with chronic kidney disease are unclear because few clinical kidney outcomes occurred among such patients in the completed trials. In particular, some guidelines stratify their level of recommendation about who should be treated with SGLT2 inhibitors based on diabetes status and albuminuria. We aimed to assess the effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease both overall and among specific types of participants in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA), and included individuals aged 18 years or older with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or with an eGFR of 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher. We explored the effects of 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily versus placebo on the annualised rate of change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR slope), a tertiary outcome. We studied the acute slope (from randomisation to 2 months) and chronic slope (from 2 months onwards) separately, using shared parameter models to estimate the latter. Analyses were done in all randomly assigned participants by intention to treat. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and then followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroups of eGFR included 2282 (34·5%) participants with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min per 1·73 m2, 2928 (44·3%) with an eGFR of 30 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, and 1399 (21·2%) with an eGFR 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2 or higher. Prespecified subgroups of uACR included 1328 (20·1%) with a uACR of less than 30 mg/g, 1864 (28·2%) with a uACR of 30 to 300 mg/g, and 3417 (51·7%) with a uACR of more than 300 mg/g. Overall, allocation to empagliflozin caused an acute 2·12 mL/min per 1·73 m2 (95% CI 1·83-2·41) reduction in eGFR, equivalent to a 6% (5-6) dip in the first 2 months. After this, it halved the chronic slope from -2·75 to -1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (relative difference 50%, 95% CI 42-58). The absolute and relative benefits of empagliflozin on the magnitude of the chronic slope varied significantly depending on diabetes status and baseline levels of eGFR and uACR. In particular, the absolute difference in chronic slopes was lower in patients with lower baseline uACR, but because this group progressed more slowly than those with higher uACR, this translated to a larger relative difference in chronic slopes in this group (86% [36-136] reduction in the chronic slope among those with baseline uACR <30 mg/g compared with a 29% [19-38] reduction for those with baseline uACR ≥2000 mg/g; ptrend<0·0001). INTERPRETATION Empagliflozin slowed the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease among all types of participant in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial, including those with little albuminuria. Albuminuria alone should not be used to determine whether to treat with an SGLT2 inhibitor. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly.
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B, Gillham S, Girakossyan I, Girndt M, Giuffrida A, Glenwright M, Glider T, Gloria R, Glowski D, Goh BL, Goh CB, Gohda T, Goldenberg R, Goldfaden R, Goldsmith C, Golson B, Gonce V, Gong Q, Goodenough B, Goodwin N, Goonasekera M, Gordon A, Gordon J, Gore A, Goto H, Goto S, Goto S, Gowen D, Grace A, Graham J, Grandaliano G, Gray M, Green JB, Greene T, Greenwood G, Grewal B, Grifa R, Griffin D, Griffin S, Grimmer P, Grobovaite E, Grotjahn S, Guerini A, Guest C, Gunda S, Guo B, Guo Q, Haack S, Haase M, Haaser K, Habuki K, Hadley A, Hagan S, Hagge S, Haller H, Ham S, Hamal S, Hamamoto Y, Hamano N, Hamm M, Hanburry A, Haneda M, Hanf C, Hanif W, Hansen J, Hanson L, Hantel S, Haraguchi T, Harding E, Harding T, Hardy C, Hartner C, Harun Z, Harvill L, Hasan A, Hase H, Hasegawa F, Hasegawa T, Hashimoto A, Hashimoto C, Hashimoto M, Hashimoto S, Haskett S, Hauske SJ, Hawfield A, Hayami T, Hayashi M, Hayashi S, Haynes R, Hazara A, Healy C, Hecktman J, Heine G, Henderson H, Henschel R, Hepditch A, Herfurth K, Hernandez G, Hernandez Pena A, Hernandez-Cassis C, Herrington WG, Herzog C, Hewins S, Hewitt D, Hichkad L, Higashi S, Higuchi C, Hill C, Hill L, Hill M, Himeno T, Hing A, Hirakawa Y, Hirata K, Hirota Y, Hisatake T, Hitchcock S, Hodakowski A, Hodge W, Hogan R, Hohenstatt U, Hohenstein B, Hooi L, Hope S, Hopley M, Horikawa S, Hosein D, Hosooka T, Hou L, Hou W, Howie L, Howson A, Hozak M, Htet Z, Hu X, Hu Y, Huang J, Huda N, Hudig L, Hudson A, Hugo C, Hull R, Hume L, Hundei W, Hunt N, Hunter A, Hurley S, Hurst A, Hutchinson C, Hyo T, Ibrahim FH, Ibrahim S, Ihana N, Ikeda T, Imai A, Imamine R, Inamori A, Inazawa H, Ingell J, Inomata K, Inukai Y, Ioka M, Irtiza-Ali A, Isakova T, Isari W, Iselt M, Ishiguro A, Ishihara K, Ishikawa T, Ishimoto T, Ishizuka K, Ismail R, Itano S, Ito H, Ito K, Ito M, Ito Y, Iwagaitsu S, Iwaita Y, Iwakura T, Iwamoto M, Iwasa M, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki S, Izumi K, Izumi K, Izumi T, Jaafar SM, Jackson C, Jackson Y, Jafari G, Jahangiriesmaili M, Jain N, Jansson K, Jasim H, Jeffers L, Jenkins A, Jesky M, Jesus-Silva J, Jeyarajah D, Jiang Y, Jiao X, Jimenez G, Jin B, Jin Q, Jochims J, Johns B, Johnson C, Johnson T, Jolly S, Jones L, Jones L, Jones S, Jones T, Jones V, Joseph M, Joshi S, Judge P, Junejo N, Junus S, Kachele M, Kadowaki T, Kadoya H, Kaga H, Kai H, Kajio H, Kaluza-Schilling W, Kamaruzaman L, Kamarzarian A, Kamimura Y, Kamiya H, Kamundi C, Kan T, Kanaguchi Y, Kanazawa A, Kanda E, Kanegae S, Kaneko K, Kaneko K, Kang HY, Kano T, Karim M, Karounos D, Karsan W, Kasagi R, Kashihara N, Katagiri H, Katanosaka A, Katayama A, Katayama M, Katiman E, Kato K, Kato M, Kato N, Kato S, Kato T, Kato Y, Katsuda Y, Katsuno T, Kaufeld J, Kavak Y, Kawai I, Kawai M, Kawai M, Kawase A, Kawashima S, Kazory A, Kearney J, Keith B, Kellett J, Kelley S, Kershaw M, Ketteler M, Khai Q, Khairullah Q, Khandwala H, Khoo KKL, Khwaja A, Kidokoro K, Kielstein J, Kihara M, Kimber C, Kimura S, Kinashi H, Kingston H, Kinomura M, Kinsella-Perks E, Kitagawa M, Kitajima M, Kitamura S, Kiyosue A, Kiyota M, Klauser F, Klausmann G, Kmietschak W, Knapp K, Knight C, Knoppe A, Knott C, Kobayashi M, Kobayashi R, Kobayashi T, Koch M, Kodama S, Kodani N, Kogure E, Koizumi M, Kojima H, Kojo T, Kolhe N, Komaba H, Komiya T, Komori H, Kon SP, Kondo M, Kondo M, Kong W, Konishi M, Kono K, Koshino M, Kosugi T, Kothapalli B, Kozlowski T, Kraemer B, Kraemer-Guth A, Krappe J, Kraus D, Kriatselis C, Krieger C, Krish P, Kruger B, Ku Md Razi KR, Kuan Y, Kubota S, Kuhn S, Kumar P, Kume S, Kummer I, Kumuji R, Küpper A, Kuramae T, Kurian L, Kuribayashi C, Kurien R, Kuroda E, Kurose T, Kutschat A, Kuwabara N, Kuwata H, La Manna G, Lacey M, Lafferty K, LaFleur P, Lai V, Laity E, Lambert A, Landray MJ, Langlois M, Latif F, Latore E, Laundy E, Laurienti D, Lawson A, Lay M, Leal I, Leal I, Lee AK, Lee J, Lee KQ, Lee R, Lee SA, Lee YY, Lee-Barkey Y, Leonard N, Leoncini G, Leong CM, Lerario S, Leslie A, Levin A, Lewington A, Li J, Li N, Li X, Li Y, Liberti L, Liberti ME, Liew A, Liew YF, Lilavivat U, Lim SK, Lim YS, Limon E, Lin H, Lioudaki E, Liu H, Liu J, Liu L, Liu Q, Liu WJ, Liu X, Liu Z, Loader D, Lochhead H, Loh CL, Lorimer A, Loudermilk L, Loutan J, Low CK, Low CL, Low YM, Lozon Z, Lu Y, Lucci D, Ludwig U, Luker N, Lund D, Lustig R, Lyle S, Macdonald C, MacDougall I, Machicado R, MacLean D, Macleod P, Madera A, Madore F, Maeda K, Maegawa H, Maeno S, Mafham M, Magee J, Maggioni AP, Mah DY, Mahabadi V, Maiguma M, Makita Y, Makos G, Manco L, Mangiacapra R, Manley J, Mann P, Mano S, Marcotte G, Maris J, Mark P, Markau S, Markovic M, Marshall C, Martin M, Martinez C, Martinez S, Martins G, Maruyama K, Maruyama S, Marx K, Maselli A, Masengu A, Maskill A, Masumoto S, Masutani K, Matsumoto M, Matsunaga T, Matsuoka N, Matsushita M, Matthews M, Matthias S, Matvienko E, Maurer M, Maxwell P, Mayne KJ, Mazlan N, Mazlan SA, Mbuyisa A, McCafferty K, McCarroll F, McCarthy T, McClary-Wright C, McCray K, McDermott P, McDonald C, McDougall R, McHaffie E, McIntosh K, McKinley T, McLaughlin S, McLean N, McNeil L, Measor A, Meek J, Mehta A, Mehta R, Melandri M, Mené P, Meng T, Menne J, Merritt K, Merscher S, Meshykhi C, Messa P, Messinger L, Miftari N, Miller R, Miller Y, Miller-Hodges E, Minatoguchi M, Miners M, Minutolo R, Mita T, Miura Y, Miyaji M, Miyamoto S, Miyatsuka T, Miyazaki M, Miyazawa I, Mizumachi R, Mizuno M, Moffat S, Mohamad Nor FS, Mohamad Zaini SN, Mohamed Affandi FA, Mohandas C, Mohd R, Mohd Fauzi NA, Mohd Sharif NH, Mohd Yusoff Y, Moist L, Moncada A, Montasser M, Moon A, Moran C, Morgan N, Moriarty J, Morig G, Morinaga H, Morino K, Morisaki T, Morishita Y, Morlok S, Morris A, Morris F, Mostafa S, Mostefai Y, Motegi M, Motherwell N, Motta D, Mottl A, Moys R, Mozaffari S, Muir J, Mulhern J, Mulligan S, Munakata Y, Murakami C, Murakoshi M, Murawska A, Murphy K, Murphy L, Murray S, Murtagh H, Musa MA, Mushahar L, Mustafa R, Mustafar R, Muto M, Nadar E, Nagano R, Nagasawa T, Nagashima E, Nagasu H, Nagelberg S, Nair H, Nakagawa Y, Nakahara M, Nakamura J, Nakamura R, Nakamura T, Nakaoka M, Nakashima E, Nakata J, Nakata M, Nakatani S, Nakatsuka A, Nakayama Y, Nakhoul G, Nangaku M, Naverrete G, Navivala A, Nazeer I, Negrea L, Nethaji C, Newman E, Ng SYA, Ng TJ, Ngu LLS, Nimbkar T, Nishi H, Nishi M, Nishi S, Nishida Y, Nishiyama A, Niu J, Niu P, Nobili G, Nohara N, Nojima I, Nolan J, Nosseir H, Nozawa M, Nunn M, Nunokawa S, Oda M, Oe M, Oe Y, Ogane K, Ogawa W, Ogihara T, Oguchi G, Ohsugi M, Oishi K, Okada Y, Okajyo J, Okamoto S, Okamura K, Olufuwa O, Oluyombo R, Omata A, Omori Y, Ong LM, Ong YC, Onyema J, Oomatia A, Oommen A, Oremus R, Orimo Y, Ortalda V, Osaki Y, Osawa Y, Osmond Foster J, O'Sullivan A, Otani T, Othman N, Otomo S, O'Toole J, Owen L, Ozawa T, Padiyar A, Page N, Pajak S, Paliege A, Pandey A, Pandey R, Pariani H, Park J, Parrigon M, Passauer J, Patecki M, Patel M, Patel R, Patel T, Patel Z, Paul R, Paul R, Paulsen L, Pavone L, Peixoto A, Peji J, Peng BC, Peng K, Pennino L, Pereira E, Perez E, Pergola P, Pesce F, Pessolano G, Petchey W, Petr EJ, Pfab T, Phelan P, Phillips R, Phillips T, Phipps M, Piccinni G, Pickett T, Pickworth S, Piemontese M, Pinto D, Piper J, Plummer-Morgan J, Poehler D, Polese L, Poma V, Pontremoli R, Postal A, Pötz C, Power A, Pradhan N, Pradhan R, Preiss D, Preiss E, Preston K, Prib N, Price L, Provenzano C, Pugay C, Pulido R, Putz F, Qiao Y, Quartagno R, Quashie-Akponeware M, Rabara R, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Radhakrishnan D, Radley M, Raff R, Raguwaran S, Rahbari-Oskoui F, Rahman M, Rahmat K, Ramadoss S, Ramanaidu S, Ramasamy S, Ramli R, Ramli S, Ramsey T, Rankin A, Rashidi A, Raymond L, Razali WAFA, Read K, Reiner H, Reisler A, Reith C, Renner J, Rettenmaier B, Richmond L, Rijos D, Rivera R, Rivers V, Robinson H, Rocco M, Rodriguez-Bachiller I, Rodriquez R, Roesch C, Roesch J, Rogers J, Rohnstock M, Rolfsmeier S, Roman M, Romo A, Rosati A, Rosenberg S, Ross T, Rossello X, Roura M, Roussel M, Rovner S, Roy S, Rucker S, Rump L, Ruocco M, Ruse S, Russo F, Russo M, Ryder M, Sabarai A, Saccà C, Sachson R, Sadler E, Safiee NS, Sahani M, Saillant A, Saini J, Saito C, Saito S, Sakaguchi K, Sakai M, Salim H, Salviani C, Sammons E, Sampson A, Samson F, Sandercock P, Sanguila S, Santorelli G, Santoro D, Sarabu N, Saram T, Sardell R, Sasajima H, Sasaki T, Satko S, Sato A, Sato D, Sato H, Sato H, Sato J, Sato T, Sato Y, Satoh M, Sawada K, Schanz M, Scheidemantel F, Schemmelmann M, Schettler E, Schettler V, Schlieper GR, Schmidt C, Schmidt G, Schmidt U, Schmidt-Gurtler H, Schmude M, Schneider A, Schneider I, Schneider-Danwitz C, Schomig M, Schramm T, Schreiber A, Schricker S, Schroppel B, Schulte-Kemna L, Schulz E, Schumacher B, Schuster A, Schwab A, Scolari F, Scott A, Seeger W, Seeger W, Segal M, Seifert L, Seifert M, Sekiya M, Sellars R, Seman MR, Shah S, Shah S, Shainberg L, Shanmuganathan M, Shao F, Sharma K, Sharpe C, Sheikh-Ali M, Sheldon J, Shenton C, Shepherd A, Shepperd M, Sheridan R, Sheriff Z, Shibata Y, Shigehara T, Shikata K, Shimamura K, Shimano H, Shimizu Y, Shimoda H, Shin K, Shivashankar G, Shojima N, Silva R, Sim CSB, Simmons K, Sinha S, Sitter T, Sivanandam S, Skipper M, Sloan K, Sloan L, Smith R, Smyth J, Sobande T, Sobata M, Somalanka S, Song X, Sonntag F, Sood B, Sor SY, Soufer J, Sparks H, Spatoliatore G, Spinola T, Squyres S, Srivastava A, Stanfield J, Staplin N, Staylor K, Steele A, Steen O, Steffl D, Stegbauer J, Stellbrink C, Stellbrink E, Stevens W, Stevenson A, Stewart-Ray V, Stickley J, Stoffler D, Stratmann B, Streitenberger S, Strutz F, Stubbs J, Stumpf J, Suazo N, Suchinda P, Suckling R, Sudin A, Sugamori K, Sugawara H, Sugawara K, Sugimoto D, Sugiyama H, Sugiyama H, Sugiyama T, Sullivan M, Sumi M, Suresh N, Sutton D, Suzuki H, Suzuki R, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Swanson E, Swift P, Syed S, Szerlip H, Taal M, Taddeo M, Tailor C, Tajima K, Takagi M, Takahashi K, Takahashi K, Takahashi M, Takahashi T, Takahira E, Takai T, Takaoka M, Takeoka J, Takesada A, Takezawa M, Talbot M, Taliercio J, Talsania T, Tamori Y, Tamura R, Tamura Y, Tan CHH, Tan EZZ, Tanabe A, Tanabe K, Tanaka A, Tanaka A, Tanaka N, Tang S, Tang Z, Tanigaki K, Tarlac M, Tatsuzawa A, Tay JF, Tay LL, Taylor J, Taylor K, Taylor K, Te A, Tenbusch L, Teng KS, Terakawa A, Terry J, Tham ZD, Tholl S, Thomas G, Thong KM, Tietjen D, Timadjer A, Tindall H, Tipper S, Tobin K, Toda N, Tokuyama A, Tolibas M, Tomita A, Tomita T, Tomlinson J, Tonks L, Topf J, Topping S, Torp A, Torres A, Totaro F, Toth P, Toyonaga Y, Tripodi F, Trivedi K, Tropman E, Tschope D, Tse J, Tsuji K, Tsunekawa S, Tsunoda R, Tucky B, Tufail S, Tuffaha A, Turan E, Turner H, Turner J, Turner M, Tuttle KR, Tye YL, Tyler A, Tyler J, Uchi H, Uchida H, Uchida T, Uchida T, Udagawa T, Ueda S, Ueda Y, Ueki K, Ugni S, Ugwu E, Umeno R, Unekawa C, Uozumi K, Urquia K, Valleteau A, Valletta C, van Erp R, Vanhoy C, Varad V, Varma R, Varughese A, Vasquez P, Vasseur A, Veelken R, Velagapudi C, Verdel K, Vettoretti S, Vezzoli G, Vielhauer V, Viera R, Vilar E, Villaruel S, Vinall L, Vinathan J, Visnjic M, Voigt E, von-Eynatten M, Vourvou M, Wada J, Wada J, Wada T, Wada Y, Wakayama K, Wakita Y, Wallendszus K, Walters T, Wan Mohamad WH, Wang L, Wang W, Wang X, Wang X, Wang Y, Wanner C, Wanninayake S, Watada H, Watanabe K, Watanabe K, Watanabe M, Waterfall H, Watkins D, Watson S, Weaving L, Weber B, Webley Y, Webster A, Webster M, Weetman M, Wei W, Weihprecht H, Weiland L, Weinmann-Menke J, Weinreich T, Wendt R, Weng Y, Whalen M, Whalley G, Wheatley R, Wheeler A, Wheeler J, Whelton P, White K, Whitmore B, Whittaker S, Wiebel J, Wiley J, Wilkinson L, Willett M, Williams A, Williams E, Williams K, Williams T, Wilson A, Wilson P, Wincott L, Wines E, Winkelmann B, Winkler M, Winter-Goodwin B, Witczak J, Wittes J, Wittmann M, Wolf G, Wolf L, Wolfling R, Wong C, Wong E, Wong HS, Wong LW, Wong YH, Wonnacott A, Wood A, Wood L, Woodhouse H, Wooding N, Woodman A, Wren K, Wu J, Wu P, Xia S, Xiao H, Xiao X, Xie Y, Xu C, Xu Y, Xue H, Yahaya H, Yalamanchili H, Yamada A, Yamada N, Yamagata K, Yamaguchi M, Yamaji Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto T, Yamanaka A, Yamano T, Yamanouchi Y, Yamasaki N, Yamasaki Y, Yamasaki Y, Yamashita C, Yamauchi T, Yan Q, Yanagisawa E, Yang F, Yang L, Yano S, Yao S, Yao Y, Yarlagadda S, Yasuda Y, Yiu V, Yokoyama T, Yoshida S, Yoshidome E, Yoshikawa H, Young A, Young T, Yousif V, Yu H, Yu Y, Yuasa K, Yusof N, Zalunardo N, Zander B, Zani R, Zappulo F, Zayed M, Zemann B, Zettergren P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhong H, Zhou N, Zhou S, Zhu D, Zhu L, Zhu S, Zietz M, Zippo M, Zirino F, Zulkipli FH. Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:51-60. [PMID: 38061372 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EMPA-KIDNEY trial showed that empagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease mainly through slowing progression. We aimed to assess how effects of empagliflozin might differ by primary kidney disease across its broad population. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA). Patients were eligible if their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher at screening. They were randomly assigned (1:1) to 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily or matching placebo. Effects on kidney disease progression (defined as a sustained ≥40% eGFR decline from randomisation, end-stage kidney disease, a sustained eGFR below 10 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or death from kidney failure) were assessed using prespecified Cox models, and eGFR slope analyses used shared parameter models. Subgroup comparisons were performed by including relevant interaction terms in models. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroupings by primary kidney disease included 2057 (31·1%) participants with diabetic kidney disease, 1669 (25·3%) with glomerular disease, 1445 (21·9%) with hypertensive or renovascular disease, and 1438 (21·8%) with other or unknown causes. Kidney disease progression occurred in 384 (11·6%) of 3304 patients in the empagliflozin group and 504 (15·2%) of 3305 patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·71 [95% CI 0·62-0·81]), with no evidence that the relative effect size varied significantly by primary kidney disease (pheterogeneity=0·62). The between-group difference in chronic eGFR slopes (ie, from 2 months to final follow-up) was 1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (95% CI 1·16-1·59), representing a 50% (42-58) reduction in the rate of chronic eGFR decline. This relative effect of empagliflozin on chronic eGFR slope was similar in analyses by different primary kidney diseases, including in explorations by type of glomerular disease and diabetes (p values for heterogeneity all >0·1). INTERPRETATION In a broad range of patients with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression, including a wide range of non-diabetic causes of chronic kidney disease, empagliflozin reduced risk of kidney disease progression. Relative effect sizes were broadly similar irrespective of the cause of primary kidney disease, suggesting that SGLT2 inhibitors should be part of a standard of care to minimise risk of kidney failure in chronic kidney disease. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and UK Medical Research Council.
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Zhang L, Cao H, Medlin K, Pearson J, Aristotelous AC, Chen A, Wessler T, Forest MG. Computational Modeling Insights into Extreme Heterogeneity in COVID-19 Nasal Swab Data. Viruses 2023; 16:69. [PMID: 38257769 PMCID: PMC10820884 DOI: 10.3390/v16010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, an unprecedented level of clinical nasal swab data from around the globe has been collected and shared. Positive tests have consistently revealed viral titers spanning six orders of magnitude! An open question is whether such extreme population heterogeneity is unique to SARS-CoV-2 or possibly generic to viral respiratory infections. To probe this question, we turn to the computational modeling of nasal tract infections. Employing a physiologically faithful, spatially resolved, stochastic model of respiratory tract infection, we explore the statistical distribution of human nasal infections in the immediate 48 h of infection. The spread, or heterogeneity, of the distribution derives from variations in factors within the model that are unique to the infected host, infectious variant, and timing of the test. Hypothetical factors include: (1) reported physiological differences between infected individuals (nasal mucus thickness and clearance velocity); (2) differences in the kinetics of infection, replication, and shedding of viral RNA copies arising from the unique interactions between the host and viral variant; and (3) differences in the time between initial cell infection and the clinical test. Since positive clinical tests are often pre-symptomatic and independent of prior infection or vaccination status, in the model we assume immune evasion throughout the immediate 48 h of infection. Model simulations generate the mean statistical outcomes of total shed viral load and infected cells throughout 48 h for each "virtual individual", which we define as each fixed set of model parameters (1) and (2) above. The "virtual population" and the statistical distribution of outcomes over the population are defined by collecting clinically and experimentally guided ranges for the full set of model parameters (1) and (2). This establishes a model-generated "virtual population database" of nasal viral titers throughout the initial 48 h of infection of every individual, which we then compare with clinical swab test data. Support for model efficacy comes from the sampling of infection dynamics over the virtual population database, which reproduces the six-order-of-magnitude clinical population heterogeneity. However, the goal of this study is to answer a deeper biological and clinical question. What is the impact on the dynamics of early nasal infection due to each individual physiological feature or virus-cell kinetic mechanism? To answer this question, global data analysis methods are applied to the virtual population database that sample across the entire database and de-correlate (i.e., isolate) the dynamic infection outcome sensitivities of each model parameter. These methods predict the dominant, indeed exponential, driver of population heterogeneity in dynamic infection outcomes is the latency time of infected cells (from the moment of infection until onset of viral RNA shedding). The shedding rate of the viral RNA of infected cells in the shedding phase is a strong, but not exponential, driver of infection. Furthermore, the unknown timing of the nasal swab test relative to the onset of infection is an equally dominant contributor to extreme population heterogeneity in clinical test data since infectious viral loads grow from undetectable levels to more than six orders of magnitude within 48 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyi Zhang
- Department of Mathematics and Carolina Center for Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Han Cao
- Department of Mathematics and Carolina Center for Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Karen Medlin
- Department of Mathematics and Carolina Center for Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jason Pearson
- Department of Mathematics and Carolina Center for Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Simulations Plus, Inc., 6 Davis Dr., Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | | | - Alexander Chen
- Department of Mathematics, California State University, Dominguez Hills, CA 90747, USA
| | - Timothy Wessler
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - M. Gregory Forest
- Department of Mathematics and Carolina Center for Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Departments of Applied Physical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Zhou W, Cao H, Du J, Wang J. All-fiber function devices for twisted lights. Opt Express 2023; 31:43438-43448. [PMID: 38178437 DOI: 10.1364/oe.504437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Lights carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM), also called twisted lights, have been applied in fields of optical manipulation, imaging, quantum communication, and mode-division-multiplexing (MDM) optical communication systems. Traditional approaches for manipulating twisted lights carrying OAM in free space paths such as Q-plates, spiral phase plates (SPPs), and spatial light modulators (SLMs) that are usually affected by diffraction effect and imperfect alignment between different optical components, limiting the practical applications of twisted lights. Here we design, fabricated, and package all-fiber function devices for twisted light carrying OAM such as all-fiber broadband OAM generator, all-fiber OAM (de)multiplexer, all-fiber OAM & WDM coupler, and all-fiber OAM 1 × 2 coupler. Base on coupled mode theory and phase-matching condition, twisted light can be generated and detected by pre-tapered single mode fiber (SMF) fusing with multi-mode fiber (MMF). The results show that the proposed all-fiber function devices for twist light have large working broadband (at least C band), high purity (above 95%), and low insert loss (less than 3 dB). The proposed devices will open a reliable way for twisted light applied in optical fiber communications and optical interconnections.
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Cao H, Zhang S, Zheng X, Xu L, Diao J, Wang Y, Gai C, Ye H. Safety assessment of Rhodobacter azotoformans SY5 for potential application in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. Benef Microbes 2023; 14:641-651. [PMID: 38350469 DOI: 10.1163/18762891-20230086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Rhodobacter species are promising beneficial microbes that can improve growth performance, immunity and antioxidant capability in aquatic crustaceans. Yet the safety of Rhodobacter azotoformans for potential application in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis is still unclear. In the present study, R. azotoformans SY5, a potential probiotic additive that can significantly improve the growth performance, immunity, antioxidant capability, and disease resistance in E. sinensis, was evaluated for safety through whole genome sequencing, antibiotic resistance, toxic metabolites, virulence, and crab tolerance assays. The results indicated that R. azotoformans SY5 only harboured the acyl carrier protein-encoding gene (acpP) that was universal in probiotic bacteria with the function of bacterial fatty acid biosynthesis, exhibited high susceptibility to aminoglycosides, penicillins, polymyxins, polyphosphates, quinolones, and tetracyclines antimicrobials, and possessed inability to produce hemolysin, hydrogen sulphide, nitrite, ammonia, and phenylpyruvate. In addition, R. azotoformans SY5 showed no pathogenicity for E. sinensis with the seven-day acute intraperitoneal LD50 value of above 6.0 × 109 cfu/ml and 30-day chronic oral LD50 of above 6.0 × 109 cfu/g diet. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the safety of R. azotoformans for potential application in Chinese mitten crabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Cao
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China P.R
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Shanghai 201306, China P.R
| | - S Zhang
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China P.R
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Shanghai 201306, China P.R
| | - X Zheng
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China P.R
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Shanghai 201306, China P.R
| | - L Xu
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province (National Oceanographic Center), Qingdao 266104, China P.R
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Disease Control in Mariculture, Qingdao 266104, China P.R
| | - J Diao
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province (National Oceanographic Center), Qingdao 266104, China P.R
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Disease Control in Mariculture, Qingdao 266104, China P.R
| | - Y Wang
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province (National Oceanographic Center), Qingdao 266104, China P.R
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Disease Control in Mariculture, Qingdao 266104, China P.R
| | - C Gai
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province (National Oceanographic Center), Qingdao 266104, China P.R
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Disease Control in Mariculture, Qingdao 266104, China P.R
| | - H Ye
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province (National Oceanographic Center), Qingdao 266104, China P.R
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Disease Control in Mariculture, Qingdao 266104, China P.R
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Chen Q, Cao H, Ouyang C, Shen Y, Hu W. Robust optical edge detection enabled by a twisted reflective q-plate. Opt Lett 2023; 48:6112-6115. [PMID: 38039204 DOI: 10.1364/ol.505845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Optical edge detection significantly reduces the image information load and is highly sought after in instant image processing. Robustness to the wavelength and polarization of light as well as mechanical vibration is a key requirement for practical applications. Here, a robust optical edge detector is proposed and demonstrated based on a reflective twisted liquid crystal q-plate. The device is composed of a mirror and a 1.46-μm-thick liquid crystal layer with a twist angle of 69.2°. The backtracking of the light inside the twisted medium forms a mirror symmetric twisted design and thus leads to a broadband self-compensated spiral phase modulation. By this means, an optical edge detector with excellent wavelength and polarization independence is presented for both coherent and partially coherent light sources. Additionally, the reflective design makes the system more compact and stable. This work supplies a practical design for robust optical edge detection, which may upgrade existing image processing techniques.
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Killan C, Cao H, Cordingley A, Strachan D. Time course from cochlear implant surgery to non-use for congenitally deaf recipients implanted as children over ten years ago. Front Rehabil Sci 2023; 4:1283109. [PMID: 38107197 PMCID: PMC10722283 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2023.1283109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective To determine the time-course from first cochlear implantation to non-use, to characterise non-users' receptive and expressive communication, and document known risk factors for inconsistent use, for congenitally deaf non-users of cochlear implants implanted as children at least ten years ago. Methods Retrospective service evaluation. All congenitally deaf patients who received a first cochlear implant as children at least ten years ago at a regional service, and were currently non-users, were identified. They were characterised in terms of ages at implantation and non-use, known risk factors for inconsistent CI use or CI non-use, and outcome measures were the Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (MAIS) and Meaningful Use of Speech Scale (MUSS) scores. Results Seventeen patients met the inclusion criteria. They were implanted from 1990 to 2006. Median age at implantation was 4 years (range: 2-11), median age at non-use was 17 years (range: 9-31), and median duration of use was 8.5 years (range: 4-25). All used sign or gesture as their primary expressive and receptive communication modes. In addition, each child had at least one other known risk factor for inconsistent CI use. At 3 years post-implantation, mean Parent-rated MAIS scores were 76.5% (N = 14), and mean MUSS scores were 43.1% (N = 9). Discussion This cohort included cases where CI use was rejected following longer periods of time than previously reported, highlighting a need for long-term support, particularly around the ages of life transitions. Studies conducted when the earliest cohort of paediatric CI users were younger, and studies reliant on parent or patient reports, may under-estimate long-term non-use rates. No non-users were identified among congenitally-deaf children implanted 10-15 years ago. Further research is warranted to explore relationships between risk factors, including communication mode, and non-use to inform expectation setting and candidacy selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Killan
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Hearing Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Han Cao
- Yorkshire Auditory Implant Service, Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation NHS Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Cordingley
- Yorkshire Auditory Implant Service, Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation NHS Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - David Strachan
- Yorkshire Auditory Implant Service, Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation NHS Trust, Bradford, United Kingdom
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Qi H, Wen FY, Xie YY, Liu XH, Li BX, Peng WJ, Cao H, Zhang L. Associations between depressive, anxiety, stress symptoms and elevated blood pressure: Findings from the CHCN-BTH cohort study and a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. J Affect Disord 2023; 341:176-184. [PMID: 37598715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to determine whether depressive, anxiety, stress symptoms were associated with the risk of elevated blood pressure by performing longitudinal cohort and Mendelian Randomization (MR) analyses. METHODS We used data from the Cohort Study on Chronic Disease of Community Natural Population in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region (CHCN-BTH) from 2017 to 2021. The Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale was used to evaluate the depressive, anxiety, stress symptoms. The longitudinal associations between depressive, anxiety, stress symptoms and elevated blood pressure were estimated using Cox proportional regression models. Two-sample MR analysis was performed using the Inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger to explore the causal relationships between depressive, anxiety, stress symptoms and elevated blood pressure. RESULTS In total, 5624 participants were included. The risk of SBP ≥ 140 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg was significantly higher in participants with baseline anxiety symptoms (HR = 1.48, 95 % CI: 1.03 to 2.12, P = 0.033; HR = 1.56, 95 % CI: 1.05 to 2.32, P = 0.028), especially in men and individuals with higher educational levels, independent of baseline depression and anxiety at the two-year follow-up. The two-sample MR analysis showed positive associations between depressive, anxiety, stress symptoms and elevated blood pressure. LIMITATION Self-reported mental health symptoms, relatively shorter follow-up duration and the European-derived genome-wide association study data for MR analysis. CONCLUSIONS Anxiety symptoms were positively associated with elevated blood pressures in the longitudinal analysis independent of depression, stress, and other confounders. The results were verified in MR analysis, providing evidence for causal effects of anxiety symptoms on the risk of elevated blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Fu-Yuan Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yun-Yi Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Liu
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliate to Capital Medical University, Beijing 101199, China
| | - Bing-Xiao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wen-Juan Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Han Cao
- Department of Biostatistics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing 100069, China.
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Li Z, Samonte PRV, Cao H, Miesel JR, Xu W. Assess the formation of disinfection by-products from pyrogenic dissolved organic matter (pyDOM): impact of wildfire on the water quality of forest watershed. Sci Total Environ 2023; 898:165496. [PMID: 37451447 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Wildfires can release pyrogenic dissolved organic matter (pyDOM) into the forest watershed, which may pose challenges for water treatment operations downstream due to the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs). In this study, we systematically assessed the physio-chemical properties of pyDOM (e.g., electron-donating and -accepting capacities; EDC and EAC) and their contributions to DBP formation under different disinfection scenarios using (1) ten lab samples produced from various feedstocks and pyrolysis temperatures, and (2) pre- and post-fire field samples with different burning severities. A comprehensive suite of DBPs-four trihalomethanes (THMs), nine haloacetic acids (HAAs), and seven N-nitrosamines-were included. The formations of THM and HAA showed an up to 5.7- and 8.9-fold decrease as the pyrolysis temperature increased, while the formation of N-nitrosamines exhibited an up to 6.6-fold increase for the laboratory-derived pyDOM. These results were supported by field pyDOM samples, where the post-fire samples consistently showed a higher level of N-nitrosamine formation (i.e., up to 5.3-fold), but lower THMs and HAAs compared to the pre-fire samples. To mimic environmental reducing conditions, two field samples were further reduced electrochemically and compared with Suwannee River natural organic matter (SRNOM) to evaluate their DBP formation. We found increased DBP formation in pyDOM samples following electrochemical reduction but not for SRNOM, which showed increased N-nitrosamines but decreased THMs and HAAs post-electrochemical reduction. Furthermore, this study reported for the first time the formation of two previously overlooked N-nitrosamines (i.e., nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine (NDPA)) in both laboratory and field pyDOM samples, raising concerns for drinking water safety given their higher toxicity as compared to the regulated counterparts. Results from this study provide new insights for DBP mitigation during post-fire recovery, which are particularly relevant to communities that rely on forest watersheds as their drinking water sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, 800 E. Lancaster Ave., Villanova, PA 19085, United States of America
| | - Pamela Rose V Samonte
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, 800 E. Lancaster Ave., Villanova, PA 19085, United States of America
| | - Han Cao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, 800 E. Lancaster Ave., Villanova, PA 19085, United States of America
| | - Jessica R Miesel
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, 220 Trowbridge Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States of America
| | - Wenqing Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, 800 E. Lancaster Ave., Villanova, PA 19085, United States of America.
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Zhang KC, Meng XJ, Hu T, Luo D, Cao H, Lin QH, Zou HC. [Survey on the cognition of the "undetectable equals untransmittable" concept among HIV-infected men who have sex with men receiving antiviral treatment]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:1610-1615. [PMID: 37875449 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20230424-00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the cognition of the "undetectable equals untransmittable" ("U=U") concept and associated factors among HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) receiving antiviral treatment (ART) in Shenzhen, and provide evidence for designing promotion and advocacy strategies for the "U=U" concept. Methods: We recruited HIV-infected MSM receiving ART using convenient sampling method combined with routine follow-up in Shenzhen through conducting observational survey. The sample size was estimated to be 475. A questionnaire was administered to collect socio-demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, ART, viral load testing and the cognition towards "U=U" in HIV-infected MSM. Logistic regression was used to access factors associated with acceptance of "U=U". Results: A total of 490 HIV-infected MSM receiving ART were recruited. Of whom, 60.2% (295/490) were aware of "U=U" and 50.6% (248/490) accepted "U=U". Multiple logistic regression showed that participants who had an educational level of college or above (aOR=1.76,95%CI: 1.12-2.75) were more likely to accept "U=U". Those who had no local residency (aOR=0.51,95%CI: 0.29-0.92), had viral load >0 copies/ml in the last testing (aOR=0.61,95%CI: 0.38-0.98) and were unaware of "U=U" (aOR=0.13, 95%CI: 0.09-0.21), were less likely to accept "U=U". Conclusions: HIV-infected MSM receiving ART had a low cognition level of "U=U" in Shenzhen. Promotion and advocacy on this concept through healthcare workers should be enhanced in combination with routine follow-up in order to improve their ART adherence and outcome of treatment. Furthermore, developing related guidelines on "U=U" according to the characteristics of HIV-infected individuals is warranted to improve the normalization of promotion and advocacy on "U=U".
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Zhang
- Longhua District Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518109, China
| | - X J Meng
- Wuxi Prefectural Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - T Hu
- Longhua District Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518109, China
| | - D Luo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - H Cao
- Longhua District Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518109, China
| | - Q H Lin
- Longhua District Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518109, China
| | - H C Zou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
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22
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Cao H, Yao C, Yuan Y. Bayesian approach for design and analysis of medical device trials in the era of modern clinical studies. Med Rev (2021) 2023; 3:408-424. [PMID: 38283256 PMCID: PMC10810749 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2023-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Medical device technology develops rapidly, and the life cycle of a medical device is much shorter than drugs. It is necessary to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a medical device in a timely manner to keep up with technology flux. Bayesian methods provides an efficient approach to addressing this challenge. In this article, we review the characteristics of the Bayesian approach and some Bayesian designs that were commonly used in medical device regulatory setting, including Bayesian adaptive design, Bayesian diagnostic design, Bayesian multiregional design, and Bayesian label expansion study. We illustrate these designs with medical devices approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). We also review several innovative Bayesian information borrowing methods, and briefly discuss the challenges and future directions of the Bayesian application in medical device trials. Our objective is to promote the use of the Bayesian approach to accelerate the development of innovative medical devices and their accessibility to patients for effective disease diagnoses and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Cao
- Department of Biostatistics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical Data Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Yao
- Department of Biostatistics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Beijing, China
- Hainan Institute of Real World Data, Qionghai, Hainan Province, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
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23
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Qu C, He R, Hou W, Ye W, Cao H, Zhang H, Zhang N, Cheng Q, Zhang Q, Luo P. Global burden of neoplasms attributable to specific occupational carcinogens over 30 years: a population-based study. Public Health 2023; 223:145-155. [PMID: 37657137 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to analyze the global burden of occupational neoplasms from various epidemiological perspectives. STUDY DESIGN In this cross-sectional study, secondary analyses were conducted to assess the burden of neoplasms attributable to occupational carcinogens and their distribution characteristics using data from GBD 2019 and the World Bank database. METHODS Based on the GBD 2019 and the World Bank database, we analyzed the global burden of occupational neoplasms including the age-period-cohort model, decomposition analysis, health inequality analysis, and panel model. All analyses were conducted in R (version 4.0.3) and Joinpoint (version 4.9.1). RESULTS The absolute number of neoplasms burden attributable to occupational carcinogens has continued to rise over 30 years. In 2019, occupational neoplasms caused 333,867 [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 263,491 to 404,641] mortalities and 6,964,775 (95% UI: 5,467,884 to 8,580,431) disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) globally. Greenland, Monaco, the Netherlands, and Andorra suffered the highest burden. The burden was higher in countries with a higher sociodemographic index. The age effect was prominent in the elderly, and the 1925 birth cohort had the highest cohort effect. Population growth was the most significant driver of the mortalities (89%) and DALYs (111%) change. Moreover, the proportion of urban population was significantly positively associated with the disease burden, while GDP per capita was negatively correlated with the disease burden. CONCLUSIONS The burden of occupational neoplasms was unevenly distributed across locations and populations. The need for rational allocation of healthcare resources was urgent.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - R He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - W Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - W Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - H Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - N Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Q Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Q Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - P Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Wang Y, Cao H, Lin K, Hu J, Luan N, Liu C. Evaluation of the Immunological Efficacy of an LNP-mRNA Vaccine Prepared from Varicella Zoster Virus Glycoprotein gE with a Double-Mutated Carboxyl Terminus in Different Untranslated Regions in Mice. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1475. [PMID: 37766151 PMCID: PMC10534744 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11091475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) plays a key role in the effectiveness of varicella zoster virus (VZV) vaccines, and mRNA vaccines have an innate advantage in inducing CMI. Glycoprotein E (gE) has been used widely as an antigen for VZV vaccines, and carboxyl-terminal mutations of gE are associated with VZV titer and infectivity. In addition, the untranslated regions (UTRs) of mRNA affect the stability and half-life of mRNA in the cell and are crucial for protein expression and antigenic translational efficiency. In this study, three UTRs were designed and connected to the nucleic acid sequence of gE-M, which is double mutated in the extracellular region of gE. Then, mRNA with different nucleic acids was encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), forming three LNP-mRNA VZV vaccines, named gE-M-Z, gE-M-M, and gE-M-P. The immune response elicited by these vaccines in mice was evaluated at intervals of 4 weeks, and the mice were sacrificed 2 weeks after the final immunization. In the results, the gE-M-P group, which retains the nucleic acid sequence of gE-M and is connected to Pfizer/BioNTech's BNT162b2 UTRs, induced the strongest humoral immune response and CMI. Because CMI is crucial for protection against VZV and for the design of VZV vaccines, this study provides a feasible strategy for improving the effectiveness and economy of future VZV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Wang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Han Cao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Kangyang Lin
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Jingping Hu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Ning Luan
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Cunbao Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
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25
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Tang M, Yao S, Cao H, Wei X, Zhen Q, Tan Y, Liu F, Wang Y, Peng Y, Fan N. Interrelation between the lipid accumulation product index and diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1224889. [PMID: 37645414 PMCID: PMC10461558 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1224889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the relation between the lipid accumulation product index (LAPI) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Herein, 931 patients were enrolled and their data were collected. Then the interrelation between LAPI and DKD was assessed using multivariate logistic regression analyses (LRAs) and by a restricted cubic spline (RCS). Results In total, 931 participants (352 females and 579 males) aged 55 years on average were included in the study. After adjusting for several confounders, the odds ratio for DKD was increased evidently in the third LAPI tertile compared with that in the first LAPI tertile. In addition, the RCS revealed a positive interrelation between LAPI and DKD. In the subgroup analyses, age, sex, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and HbA1c did not significantly interact with LAPI. Conclusions LAPI was higher in the DKD group than in the no-DKD group, and LAPI is positively linked with DKD, which may have potential value to diagnose DKD in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Tang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Cao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Zhen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijiong Tan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongde Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nengguang Fan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zhang Q, Liu N, Li Y, Guo JY, Huang QS, Cao H, Li Y, Yin ZQ, Liu MY, Wang ZY, Qi SJ, Fang MX. Effect of mechanical ventilation guided by transpulmonary pressure in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:7020-7030. [PMID: 37606111 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202308_33274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effect of mechanical ventilation guided by transpulmonary pressure in patients diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Randomized control trials of ARDS patients that received mechanical ventilation guided by transpulmonary pressure vs. mechanical ventilation guided by traditional lung protective ventilation strategies in adults were retrieved by two reviewers independently from PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, The China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang database before October 2022. The protocol has been registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022307816). The primary outcome was mortality. The secondary outcomes included mechanical ventilation days, oxygenation function and ventilation parameters, hemodynamics, and cytokines level. RESULTS Thirteen articles (819 patients) were finally included through our search strategy. The total mortality (RR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54-0.85; p = 0.0006) and mechanical ventilation days (MD, -2.77; 95% CI, -4.60 - -0.94; p = 0.003) reduced when compared with the control group. Patients in the transpulmonary pressure group had higher oxygen index (MD, 40.74; 95% CI 9.81-71.68, p = 0.010) and lung compliance (MD, 7.98; 95% CI 4.55-11.41, p < 0.00001). Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was higher in the transpulmonary pressure group (MD, 5.47; 95% CI, 3.59 - 7.35; p < 0.00001). The Interlukin-6 (IL-6) level in the control group decreased obviously compared with that in the transpulmonary pressure group (SMD, -2.03; 95% CI, -3.50 - -0.56; p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Mechanical ventilation guided by transpulmonary pressure tended to have a beneficial prognosis on ARDS patients. Oxygenation and lung mechanics parameters were also improved. The clinical effect of mechanical ventilation directed by transpulmonary pressure was superior to the traditional lung protective ventilation strategies in ARDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China.
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Wen F, Li B, Cao H, Li P, Xie Y, Zhang F, Sun Y, Zhang L. Association of long-term exposure to air pollutant mixture and incident cardiovascular disease in a highly polluted region of China. Environ Pollut 2023; 328:121647. [PMID: 37062405 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite growing evidence that links long-term air pollution exposure to cardiovascular disease (CVD), the combined effects of air pollutants and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) components are still limited. A prospective cohort study was performed based on the Cohort Study on Chronic Disease of the Community Natural Population in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region (CHCN-BTH) to assess the association of long-term air pollutants with incident CVD and the combined effect of the air pollutants mixture among 26,851 adults. Three-year residential exposure to air pollutants (PM2.5, O3, PM10, PM1, NO2, SO2 and CO) and PM2.5 components [black carbon (BC), NH4+, SO42-, NO3- and organic matter (OM)] were calculated based on well-validated models. Proportional hazard models were applied to assess the association of air pollutants with incident CVD. Quantile g-Computation was used to examine the combined effect of the pollutant mixture. During the 56,090 person-years follow-up, 629 participants reported incident CVD. Adjusted hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CVD per interquartile range increase in O3, PM2.5, PM1, NO2, BC, and OM concentrations were 4.52 (95%CI: 2.61, 7.83), 2.39 (95%CI: 1.83, 3.13), 2.37 (95%CI: 1.20, 4.70), 1.36 (95%CI: 1.19, 1.56), 3.84 (95%CI: 2.38, 6.18), and 3.07 (95%CI: 2.01, 4.69), respectively. In multi-pollutant models, the combined effect of air pollutant mixture on incident CVD was 2.37 (95%CI: 2.30, 2.44). PM2.5 and O3 contributed 54.3% and 44.5% of the combined effect of the air pollutant mixture, respectively. After using PM2.5 components instead of PM2.5 as part of the mixture, OM drove 55.2% of the combined effect. The findings indicated associations of air pollutant mixtures with CVD incidence. PM2.5 (especially OM) and O3 might strongly contribute to air pollutant mixtures that lead to incident CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuan Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Bingxiao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Han Cao
- Department of Biostatistics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pandi Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yunyi Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Fengxu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Gao K, Wang Y, Cao H, Jia J. [Efficacy of machine learning models versus Cox regression model for predicting prognosis of esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2023; 43:952-963. [PMID: 37439167 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.06.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the performance of machine learning models and traditional Cox regression model in predicting postoperative outcomes of patients with esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (AEG). METHODS This study was conducted among 203 AEG patients with complete clinical and follow-up data, who were treated in our hospital between September, 2015 and October, 2020. The clinicopathological data of the patients were processed for analysis using R language package and divided into training and validation datasets at the ratio of 3:1. The Cox proportional hazards regression model and 4 machine learning models were constructed for analyzing the datasets. ROC curves, calibration curves and clinical decision curves (DCA) were plotted. Internal validation of the machine learning models was performed to assess their predictive efficacy. The predictive performance of each model was evaluated by calculating the area under the curve (AUC), and the model fitting was assessed using the calibration curve. RESULTS For predicting 3-year survival based on the validation dataset, the AUC was 0.870 for Cox proportional hazard regression model, 0.901 for eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), 0.791 for random forest, 0.832 for support vector machine, and 0.725 for multilayer perceptron; For predicting 5-year survival, the AUCs of these models were 0.915, 0.916, 0.758, 0.905, and 0.737, respectively. For internal validation, the AUCs of the 4 machine learning models decreased in the order of XGBoost (0.818), random forest (0.758), support vector machine (0.0.804), and multilayer perceptron (0.745). CONCLUSION The machine learning models show better predictive efficacy for survival outcomes of patients with AEG than Cox proportional hazard regression model, especially when proportional odds assumption or linear regression models are not applicable. XGBoost models have better performance than the other machine learning models, and the multi-layer perception model may have poor fitting results for a limited data volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - H Cao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - J Jia
- Department of Surgical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
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Zhang Y, Cao H, Wang M, Zou Z, Zhou P, Wang X, Jin J. A review of iodine in plants with biofortification: Uptake, accumulation, transportation, function, and toxicity. Sci Total Environ 2023; 878:163203. [PMID: 37004776 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Iodine deficiency can cause thyroid disease, a serious health problem that has been affecting humans since several years. The biofortification of plants with iodine is an effective strategy for regulating iodine content in humans. In addition, radioiodine released into the atmosphere may contaminate terrestrial ecosystem along with dry or wet deposition and its accumulation in plants may cause exposure risks to humans via food chain. Recent progress in understanding the mechanisms related to iodine uptake, elementary speciation, dynamic transportation, nutritional role, and toxicity in plants is reviewed here. First, we introduced the iodine cycle in a marine-atmosphere-land system. The content and speciation of iodine in plants under natural conditions and biofortification backgrounds were also analyzed. We then discussed the mechanisms of iodine uptake and efflux by plants. The promotion or inhibition effects of iodine on plant growth were also investigated. Finally, the participation of radioiodine in plant growth and its safety risks along the food chain were evaluated. Furthermore, future challenges and opportunities for understanding the participation of iodine in plants have been outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China
| | - Han Cao
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China
| | - Min Wang
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China
| | - Ziwei Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Pingfan Zhou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiangxue Wang
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China
| | - Jie Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
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Wang L, Cao H, Yuan L, Guo X, Cui Y. Child-Sum EATree-LSTMs: enhanced attentive Child-Sum Tree-LSTMs for biomedical event extraction. BMC Bioinformatics 2023; 24:253. [PMID: 37322443 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-023-05336-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tree-structured neural networks have shown promise in extracting lexical representations of sentence syntactic structures, particularly in the detection of event triggers using recursive neural networks. METHODS In this study, we introduce an attention mechanism into Child-Sum Tree-LSTMs for the detection of biomedical event triggers. We incorporate previous researches on assigning attention weights to adjacent nodes and integrate this mechanism into Child-Sum Tree-LSTMs to improve the detection of event trigger words. We also address a limitation of shallow syntactic dependencies in Child-Sum Tree-LSTMs by integrating deep syntactic dependencies to enhance the effect of the attention mechanism. RESULTS Our proposed model, which integrates an enhanced attention mechanism into Tree-LSTM, shows the best performance for the MLEE and BioNLP'09 datasets. Moreover, our model outperforms almost all complex event categories for the BioNLP'09/11/13 test set. CONCLUSION We evaluate the performance of our proposed model with the MLEE and BioNLP datasets and demonstrate the advantage of an enhanced attention mechanism in detecting biomedical event trigger words.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
- School of Information and Intelligent Technology, Shaanxi Business College, Xi'an, China
| | - Han Cao
- School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Liu Yuan
- School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoxu Guo
- School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yachao Cui
- School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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31
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Luan N, Cao H, Wang Y, Lin K, Hu J, Liu C. Comparison of Immune Responses between Inactivated and mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines Used for a Booster Dose in Mice. Viruses 2023; 15:1351. [PMID: 37376650 DOI: 10.3390/v15061351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A large amount of real-world data suggests that the emergence of variants of concern (VOCs) has brought new challenges to the fight against SARS-CoV-2 because the immune protection elicited by the existing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines was weakened. In response to the VOCs, it is necessary to advocate for the administration of booster vaccine doses to extend the effectiveness of vaccines and enhance neutralization titers. In this study, the immune effects of mRNA vaccines based on the WT (prototypic strain) and omicron (B1.1.529) strains for use as booster vaccines were investigated in mice. It was determined that with two-dose inactivated vaccine priming, boosting with mRNA vaccines could elevate IgG titers, enhance cell-mediated immunity, and provide immune protection against the corresponding variants, but cross-protection against distinct strains was inferior. This study comprehensively describes the differences in the mice boosted with mRNA vaccines based on the WT strain and the omicron strain, a harmful VOC that has resulted in a sharp rise in the number of infections, and reveals the most efficacious vaccination strategy against omicron and future SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Luan
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Han Cao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Kangyang Lin
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Jingping Hu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Cunbao Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
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32
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Wei S, Liao J, Xue T, Yu K, Fu X, Wang R, Dang X, Zhang C, Qiao H, Jiang S, Xiao J, Dong L, Yin J, Yan X, Jia W, Zhang G, Chen R, Zhou B, Song B, Li J, Yin M, Zhang L, Xie L, Dong S, Sun J, Gao P, Miao B, Li W, He L, Ning Q, Zhao L, Liu H, Cao H, Wang G. Ambient fine particulate matter and allergic symptoms in the middle-aged and elderly population: results from the PIFCOPD study. Respir Res 2023; 24:139. [PMID: 37231445 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02433-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations between short- and long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5) and allergic symptoms in middle-aged and elderly populations remain unclear, particularly in China, where most cities have severe air pollution. METHODS Participants (n = 10,142; age = 40-75 years) were recruited from ten regions in China from 2018 to 2021 for the Predictive Value of Inflammatory Biomarkers and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s (FEV1) for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (PIFCOPD) study. Short-term (lag0 and lag0-7 day) and long-term (1-, 3- and 5-year) PM2.5 concentrations at residences were extracted from the air pollutant database known as Tracking Air Pollution (TAP) in China. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate associations for short- and long-term PM2.5 exposure concentrations and long-term exposure models were additionally adjusted for short-term deviations. RESULTS A 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 on the day the allergic symptoms questionnaire was administered (lag0 day) was associated with higher odds of allergic nasal (1.09, 95% CI 1.05, 1.12) and eye symptoms (1.08, 95% CI 1.05, 1.11), worsening dyspnea caused by allergens (1.06, 95% CI 1.02, 1.10), and ≥ 2 allergic symptoms (1.07, 95% CI 1.03, 1.11), which was similar in the lag0-7 day concentrations. A 10 µg/m3 increase in the 1-year average PM2.5 concentration was associated with an increase of 23% for allergic nasal symptoms, 22% for eye symptoms, 20% for worsening dyspnea caused by allergens, and 21% for ≥ 2 allergic symptoms, similar to the 3- and 5-year average PM2.5 concentrations. These associations between long-term PM2.5 concentration and allergic symptoms were generally unchanged after adjustment for short-term deviations. CONCLUSIONS Short- and long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 was associated with an increased risk of allergic nasal and eye symptoms, worsening dyspnea caused by allergens, and ≥ 2 allergic symptoms. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical trial ID: NCT03532893 (29 Mar 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Jiping Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Tao Xue
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Kunyao Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Xiuhua Fu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ruiying Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaomin Dang
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Hua Qiao
- The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Shujuan Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianhong Xiao
- Mindong Hospital of Ningde City, Ningde, Fujian, China
| | - Lixia Dong
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinzhi Yin
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xixin Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Respiratory Critical Care, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Weihua Jia
- General Hospital of Taiyuan Iron & Steel (Group) Co., LTD, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Guifang Zhang
- Jinyuan Community Health Service Center, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Beibei Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Respiratory Critical Care, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Mengyu Yin
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Liping Xie
- General Hospital of Taiyuan Iron & Steel (Group) Co., LTD, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Shaochen Dong
- The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Gao
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Bifang Miao
- Mindong Hospital of Ningde City, Ningde, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Li
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lan He
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Qian Ning
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Limin Zhao
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hengyi Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Han Cao
- Department of Biostatistics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guangfa Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
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Lin K, Cao H, Luan N, Wang Y, Hu J, Liu C. Comparison of the Immune Effects of an mRNA Vaccine and a Subunit Vaccine against Herpes Zoster Administered by Different Injection Methods. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11051003. [PMID: 37243107 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11051003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the herpes zoster subunit vaccine Shingrix™ performs well in clinical trials. However, the key ingredient in its adjuvant, QS21, is extracted from rare plants in South America, so vaccine production is limited. Compared with subunit vaccines, mRNA vaccines have the advantages of faster production and not requiring adjuvants, but currently, there is no authorized mRNA vaccine for herpes zoster. Therefore, this study focused on herpes zoster subunit and mRNA vaccines. We prepared a herpes zoster mRNA vaccine and compared the effects of vaccine type, immunization route, and adjuvant use on vaccine immunological efficacy. The mRNA vaccine was injected directly into mice via subcutaneous or intramuscular injection. The subunit vaccine was mixed with adjuvants before immunization. The adjuvants include B2Q or alum. B2Q is BW006S + 2395S + QS21. BW006S and 2395S are phosphodiester CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs). Then, we compared the cell-mediated immunity (CIM) and humoral immunity levels of the different groups of mice. The results showed that the immune responses of mice inoculated with the mRNA vaccine prepared in this study were not significantly different from those of mice inoculated with the protein subunit vaccine supplemented with the B2Q. The mRNA vaccine-induced immune responses following subcutaneous or intramuscular injection, and the different immunization routes did not lead to significant differences in immune response intensity. Similar results were also observed for the protein subunit vaccine adjuvanted with B2Q but not alum. The above results suggest that our experiment can provide a reference for the preparation of mRNA vaccines against herpes zoster and has certain reference significance for the selection of the immunization route; that is, there is no significant difference in the immune response caused by subcutaneous versus an intramuscular injection, so the injection route can be determined according to the actual situation of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangyang Lin
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Han Cao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Ning Luan
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Jingping Hu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Cunbao Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
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Guo J, Xie L, Zhang J, Cao H, Wang J, Wu X, Feng Y. Synthesis, Quality Control and Preliminary Activity Evaluation of a New Compound HM475. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093753. [PMID: 37175163 PMCID: PMC10180444 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the principle of molecular splicing and theory of traditional Chinese medicine pairs, a new multi-active compound (HM475) was synthesized by connecting metformin with honokiol, and its structure was characterized, which not only reduced the toxicity of raw materials, but also maintained the original activity, and had a certain significance in research and innovation. At the same time, quality control and preliminary activity evaluation were carried out, and the effect of HM475 on neuroinflammation was further explored, which provided a new idea for drug development of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqing Guo
- New Drug Research and Development Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Luming Xie
- New Drug Research and Development Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- New Drug Research and Development Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Han Cao
- New Drug Research and Development Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Juanxia Wang
- New Drug Research and Development Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xia Wu
- New Drug Research and Development Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yifan Feng
- New Drug Research and Development Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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35
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Cao H, Pavitt AS, Hudson JM, Tratnyek PG, Xu W. Electron exchange capacity of pyrogenic dissolved organic matter (pyDOM): complementarity of square-wave voltammetry in DMSO and mediated chronoamperometry in water. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2023; 25:767-780. [PMID: 36891820 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00009e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pyrogenic dissolved organic matter (pyDOM) is derived from black carbon, which is important in the global carbon cycle and other biogeochemical redox processes. The electron-exchange capacity (EEC) of pyDOM has been characterized in water using mediated chronoamperometry (MCA), which gives precise results under specific operational conditions, but the broader significance of these EECs is less clear. In this study, we described a novel but complementary electrochemical approach to quantify EECs of pyDOM without mediation using square-wave voltammetry (SWV) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Using both the SWV and MCA methods, we determined EECs for 10 pyDOMs, 6 natural organic matter (NOM) samples, and 2 model quinones. The two methods gave similar EECs for model quinones, but SWV gave larger EECs than MCA for NOM and pyDOM (by several-fold and 1-2 orders of magnitude, respectively). The differences in the EECs obtained by SWV and MCA likely are due to multiple factors, including the potential range of electrons sampled, kinetics of electron transfer from (macro)molecular structures, and coupling of electron and proton transfer steps. Comparison of the results obtained by these two methods should provide new insights into important environmental processes such as carbon-cycling, wildfire recovery, and contaminant mitigation using carbon-based amendments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Cao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, USA.
| | - Ania S Pavitt
- OHSU/PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Jeffrey M Hudson
- OHSU/PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Paul G Tratnyek
- OHSU/PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Wenqing Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, USA.
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Sun P, Wei B, Habiyakare E, Bin B, Wang L, Peng C, Ji W, Cao H, Yang H. Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Bentonite-Cement Paste Reinforced with Basalt Fibers. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:3226. [PMID: 37110062 PMCID: PMC10146701 DOI: 10.3390/ma16083226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Bentonite cement paste (BCP) is among the grouting materials used widely in large-pore grouting and karst cave treatment. The mechanical properties of bentonite cement paste (BCP) will be improved by additional basalt fibers (BF). In this study, the effects of basalt fiber (BF) contents and their lengths on the rheological and mechanical properties of bentonite cement paste (BCP) have been examined. Yield stress (YS), plastic viscosity (PV), unconfined compressive strength (UCS), and splitting tensile strength (STS) were used to evaluate the rheological and mechanical properties of basalt fiber-reinforced bentonite cement paste (BFBCP). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) characterize microstructure development. The results indicate that the Bingham model can provide the rheological behavior of basalt fibers and bentonite cement paste (BFBCP). The yield stress (YS) and plastic viscosity (PV) increase as the content and length of basalt fiber (BF) increase. The effect of fiber content on yield stress (YS) and plastic viscosity (PV) is greater than that of fiber length. The addition of basalt fiber (BF) enhanced the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and splitting tensile strength (STS) of basalt fiber-reinforced bentonite cement paste (BFBCP) at the optimum basalt fiber (BF) content of 0.6%. The optimum basalt fiber (BF) content tends to increase as curing age increases. The basalt fiber length of 9 mm is the most effective for improving unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and splitting tensile strength (STS). The large increments in unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and splitting tensile strength (STS) were 19.17% and 28.21% for the basalt fiber-reinforced bentonite cement paste (BFBCP), with a basalt fiber length of 9 mm and content of 0.6%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that the randomly distributed basalt fiber (BF) forms a spatial network structure in basalt fiber-reinforced bentonite cement paste (BFBCP), which composes a stress system under the action of cementation. Basalt fibers (BF) used in crack generation processes slow down the flow through bridging and occur in the substrate to improve the mechanical properties of basalt fiber-reinforced bentonite cement paste (BFBCP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinghe Sun
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China; (P.S.); (B.W.); (E.H.)
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Bangdi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China; (P.S.); (B.W.); (E.H.)
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Erneste Habiyakare
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China; (P.S.); (B.W.); (E.H.)
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Bin Bin
- Hunan Hongyu Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Changsha 410007, China
| | - Le Wang
- No. 4 Branch Company of China Petroleum Pipeline Engineering Co., Ltd., Langfang 065000, China
| | - Chunlei Peng
- Hunan Hongyu Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Changsha 410007, China
| | - Wenlong Ji
- No. 4 Branch Company of China Petroleum Pipeline Engineering Co., Ltd., Langfang 065000, China
| | - Han Cao
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China; (P.S.); (B.W.); (E.H.)
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Hanhan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China; (P.S.); (B.W.); (E.H.)
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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37
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Zhou X, Chen Y, Ip FCF, Jiang Y, Cao H, Lv G, Zhong H, Chen J, Ye T, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Ma S, Lo RMN, Tong EPS, Mok VCT, Kwok TCY, Guo Q, Mok KY, Shoai M, Hardy J, Chen L, Fu AKY, Ip NY. Deep learning-based polygenic risk analysis for Alzheimer's disease prediction. Commun Med (Lond) 2023; 3:49. [PMID: 37024668 PMCID: PMC10079691 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00269-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The polygenic nature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) suggests that multiple variants jointly contribute to disease susceptibility. As an individual's genetic variants are constant throughout life, evaluating the combined effects of multiple disease-associated genetic risks enables reliable AD risk prediction. Because of the complexity of genomic data, current statistical analyses cannot comprehensively capture the polygenic risk of AD, resulting in unsatisfactory disease risk prediction. However, deep learning methods, which capture nonlinearity within high-dimensional genomic data, may enable more accurate disease risk prediction and improve our understanding of AD etiology. Accordingly, we developed deep learning neural network models for modeling AD polygenic risk. METHODS We constructed neural network models to model AD polygenic risk and compared them with the widely used weighted polygenic risk score and lasso models. We conducted robust linear regression analysis to investigate the relationship between the AD polygenic risk derived from deep learning methods and AD endophenotypes (i.e., plasma biomarkers and individual cognitive performance). We stratified individuals by applying unsupervised clustering to the outputs from the hidden layers of the neural network model. RESULTS The deep learning models outperform other statistical models for modeling AD risk. Moreover, the polygenic risk derived from the deep learning models enables the identification of disease-associated biological pathways and the stratification of individuals according to distinct pathological mechanisms. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that deep learning methods are effective for modeling the genetic risks of AD and other diseases, classifying disease risks, and uncovering disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopu Zhou
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Fanny C F Ip
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Yuanbing Jiang
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Han Cao
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ge Lv
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huan Zhong
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiahang Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Yuewen Chen
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Brain Diseases, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Shuangshuang Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Ronnie M N Lo
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Estella P S Tong
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vincent C T Mok
- Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Centre for Prevention of Dementia, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Timothy C Y Kwok
- Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Centre for Prevention of Dementia, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qihao Guo
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Kin Y Mok
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - Maryam Shoai
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
- HKUST Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Amy K Y Fu
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China
| | - Nancy Y Ip
- Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Molecular Neuroscience Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, China.
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Zhou Y, Xia T, Du M, Cao H, Zheng Q, Yang J, Yan Z. The strategy to track and combat the deep sternal wound infection caused by Mycobacterium farcinogenes. J Hosp Infect 2023:S0195-6701(23)00102-0. [PMID: 37001604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Second Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - T Xia
- Department of Disease Prevention and Control, Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - M Du
- Department of Disease Prevention and Control, First Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - H Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Second Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Second Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - J Yang
- Department of Disease Prevention and Control, Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Yan
- Department of Disease Prevention and Control, Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, People's Republic of China; Department of Disease Prevention and Control, Second Medical Centre of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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39
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Cao H, Zhang ZZ, Zhu CC. [Influence of postoperative complications on prognosis of gastric cancer-The manifestation of gastric surgeon's skill, responsibility and empathy]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 26:126-131. [PMID: 36797557 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20221102-00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Radical gastrectomy combined with perioperative comprehensive treatment is the main curable strategy for gastric cancer patients, and postoperative complications are the issue that gastric surgeons have to face. Complications not only affect the short-term postoperative recovery, but also facilitate tumor recurrence or metastasis, thus resulting in poor prognosis. Therefore, unifying the diagnostic criteria for postoperative complications, bringing the surgeons' attention to complications, and understanding the potential mechanism of complications undermining long-term survival, will be helpful to the future improvement of the clinical diagnosis and treatment as well as prognosis for gastric cancer patients in China. Meanwhile, surgeons should constantly hone their operative skills, improve their sense of responsibility and empathy, and administer individualized perioperative management based on patients' general conditions, so as to minimize the occurrence of postoperative complications and their influence on prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Z Z Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - C C Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
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40
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Sun P, Zhou S, Cao H, Cai G, Zhang S, Gao Q, Cheng G, Liu B, Liu G, Zhang X, Liu Y, Wu D, Ding Z, Zeng L, Liao G, Liu L, Wang X, Xiao T, Jin J, Yang H. Design and Implementation of a Chain-Type Direct Push Drilling Rig for Contaminated Sites. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:3757. [PMID: 36834448 PMCID: PMC9962342 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
For sites where volatile organic compounds are present, the direct push method, in combination with other sensors for investigation, is a powerful method. The investigation process is an integrated drilling and sensing process, but the trajectory of the probe carrying the sensor is ambiguous. This paper explores and introduces the application of a chain-type direct push drilling rig by designing and building a chain-type direct push miniature drilling rig. This rig allows for indoor experimental studies of direct push trajectories. The chain-type direct push drilling model is proposed based on the mechanism of chain transmission. The drilling rig provides a steady direct thrust through the chain, which is driven by a hydraulic motor. In addition, the drilling tests and results described prove that the chain could be applied to direct push drilling. The chain-type direct push drilling rig can drill to a depth of 1940 mm in single-pass and up to 20,000 mm in multiple passes. The test results also indicate that it drills a total length of 462.461 mm and stops after 87.545 s of operation. The machine can provide a drilling angle of 0-90° and keep the borehole angle fluctuating within 0.6° with the characteristics of strong adjustability, flexibility, continuity, stability, and low disturbance, which is of great value and significance for studying the drilling trajectory of direct push tools and obtaining more accurate investigation data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinghe Sun
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Shengwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Han Cao
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Guojun Cai
- School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shaohe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Gongbi Cheng
- Jiangsu Gaiya Environmental Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Biao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Gongping Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Dongyu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhenyu Ding
- Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Lan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Guangdong Liao
- Suntime Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Leilei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xiaokang Wang
- Jiangsu Gaiya Environmental Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Ting Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Suntime Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Hanhan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, China
- School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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Chen X, Wang K, Chu D, Zhu Y, Zhang W, Cao H, Xie W, Lu C, Li X. [Forsythiaside B inhibits cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress injury in mice via the AMPK/DAF-16/FOXO3 pathway]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2023; 43:199-205. [PMID: 36946038 PMCID: PMC10034537 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.02.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the protective effect of forsythiaside B (FB) against cerebral oxidative stress injury induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in mice and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS Ninety C57BL/6 mice were randomized into sham-operated group, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model group, and low-, medium and highdose (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, respectively) FB groups. The expression levels of MDA, ROS, PCO, 8-OHdG, SOD, GSTα4, CAT and GPx in the brain tissue of the mice were detected using commercial kits, and those of AMPK, P-AMPK, DAF-16, FOXO3 and P-FOXO3 were detected with Western blotting. Compound C (CC), an AMPK inhibitor, was used to verify the role of the AMPK pathway in mediating the therapeutic effect of FB. In another 36 C57BL/6 mice randomized into 4 sham-operated group, MCAO model group, FB (40 mg/kg) treatment group, FB+CC (10 mg/kg) treatment group, TTC staining was used to examine the volume of cerebral infarcts, and the levels of ROS and SOD in the brain were detected; the changes in the protein expressions of AMPK, P-AMPK, DAF-16, FOXO3 and P-FOXO3 in the brain tissue were detected using Western blotting. RESULTS In mice with cerebral IR injury, treatment with FB significantly reduced the levels of ROS, MDA, PCO and 8-OHdG, increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD, GSTα4, CAT and GPx, and enhanced phosphorylation of AMPK and FOXO3 and DAF-16 protein expression in the brain tissue (P < 0.01). Compared with FB treatment alone, the combined treatment with FB and CC significantly reduced phosphorylation of AMPK and FOXO3, lowered expression of DAF-16 and SOD activity, and increased cerebral infarction volume and ROS level in the brain tissue of the mice (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION FB inhibits oxidative stress injury caused by cerebral I/R in mice possibly by enhancing AMPK phosphorylation, promoting the downstream DAF-16 protein expression and FOXO3 phosphorylation, increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes, and reducing ROS level in the brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hanbin District Third People's Hospital, Ankang 725000, China
| | - K Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hanbin District Third People's Hospital, Ankang 725000, China
| | - D Chu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hanbin District Third People's Hospital, Ankang 725000, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hanbin District Third People's Hospital, Ankang 725000, China
| | - W Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hanbin District Third People's Hospital, Ankang 725000, China
| | - H Cao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hanbin District Third People's Hospital, Ankang 725000, China
| | - W Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - C Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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Cao H, Shi Y, Ma J, Yan P, Cong X, Bie F. Palladium- and Nickel-Catalyzed Synthesis of Thioethers via Thioesters - Aryl Halides Coupling. Tetrahedron Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2023.154414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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Cao H, Sesselmann S, Xu J, Seehaus F, Forst R. How Do Classic (Static) RSA and Patient Motion Artifacts Affect the Assessment of Migration of a TKA Tibial Component? An In Vitro Study. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2023; 481:400-412. [PMID: 36398327 PMCID: PMC9831201 DOI: 10.1097/corr.0000000000002453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Classic (static) Roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis (RSA) is the current gold standard to assess, in vivo, the migration of total joint arthroplasty components. To prevent potential patient motion artifacts during the acquisition of paired radiostereometric images, images must be taken by simultaneously firing both X-ray tubes. However, the influence of nonsynchronized RSA paired images or patient motion artifacts on the precision of RSA and the assessment of implant migration is not well understood. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES We assessed (1) the effect of possible patient motion on the precision of RSA and (2) apparent differences in implant migration among axes (in-plane and out-of-plane translations and in-plane and out-of-plane rotations) of possible motion artifacts. METHODS Radiographs of two tibial knee arthroplasty components, each fixed in two bone-implant models as a customized phantom, were taken in a uniplanar measurement setup. We evaluated both model-based (implant models from reversed engineering) and marker-based (additional attached implant markers) RSA approaches. Between the simulated reference and follow-up examinations, we used one of the bone-implant models to simulate patient motion and the other to simulate no patient motion in parallel. Two defined protocols were followed for each of the bone-implant models: no-motion and simulated motion protocols. RSA image pairs were analyzed using a model-based RSA software package (MBRSA 4.1, RSA core ). Precision was calculated through repeat examinations, and migration of the two components was assessed for comparison of the components with each other. Measurements were taken along the medial-lateral and posterior-anterior axes for translations and around the cranial-caudal axis for rotations. The maximum total point motion was measured for comparison between the two components. RESULTS The effect of simulated patient motion was generally small, except in the cranial-caudal axis, but the induced imprecision associated with motion was larger in model-based RSA than it was in marker-based RSA. The mean ± standard deviation values of precision in model-based RSA were 0.035 ± 0.015 mm, 0.045 ± 0.014 mm, and 0.049 ± 0.036 mm greater than those in marker-based RSA, in accordance with the simulated motion protocol in translations along the medial-lateral axis (0.018 ± 0.004 mm; p = 0.01), along the posterior-anterior axis (0.018 ± 0.007 mm; p = 0.003), and rotations around the cranial-caudal axis (0.017 ± 0.006 mm; p = 0.02). Apparent differences in implant migration were the greatest for the maximum total point motion. The maximum total point motion increased from 0.038 ± 0.007 mm for the no-motion protocol to 1.684 ± 0.038 mm (p < 0.001) for the simulated motion protocol in marker-based RSA, and from 0.101 ± 0.027 mm for the no-motion protocol to 1.973 ± 0.442 mm (p < 0.001) for the simulated motion protocol in model-based RSA, and was the worst-case scenario regarding patient motion artifacts. CONCLUSION Patient motion exceeding 1 mm or 1° on nonsynchronized RSA images affects measurement errors regarding the detection of migration of a tibial component. In clinical RSA studies, the effect of patient motion on the assessment of implant migration should be of particular concern, even if clinical RSA systems have acceptable precision. Specially trained radiographers are crucial for correctly acquiring radiographs, especially when simultaneous radiography exposures are not electronically automated. In general, RSA requires synchronized image acquisition, and this should be the state-of-the-art. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In clinical RSA studies, precision assessed by repeat examinations may not be reliable using the current standards that are widely used in radiology departments. When assessing implant migration for reliability, comparison of the maximum total point motion between the tested (simulated motion) implant and baseline (no-motion) implant, as in this study, is advocated because of the accurate detection of patient motion artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Taizhou Second People’s Hospital, Taizhou, PR China
| | - Stefan Sesselmann
- Institute for Medical Technology, Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Amberg-Weiden, Weiden, Germany
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Frank Seehaus
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raimund Forst
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Lai Y, Lee Y, Cao H, Zhang H, Chen B. Extraction of heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from pork jerky and the effect of flavoring on formation and inhibition. Food Chem 2023; 402:134291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Yue L, Cao H, Qi J, Yuan J, Wang X, Wang Y, Shan B, Ke H, Li H, Luan N, Liu C. Pretreatment with 3-methyladenine ameliorated Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced acute pneumonia by inhibiting cell death of neutrophils in a mouse infection model. Int J Med Microbiol 2023; 313:151574. [PMID: 36736016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2023.151574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections worldwide. Clinical isolates that are resistant to multiple antimicrobials make it intractable. The interactions between P. aeruginosa and host cell death have multiple effects on bacterial clearance and inflammation; however, the potential intervention effects remain to be defined. Herein, we demonstrated that intravenous administration of 3-methyladenine before, but not after, P. aeruginosa infection enhanced autophagy-independent survival, which was accompanied by a decrease in the bacterial load, alleviation of pathology and reduction in inflammatory cytokines, in an acute pneumonia mouse model. Interestingly, these beneficial effects were not dependent on neutrophil recruitment or phagocytosis, but on the enhanced killing capacity induced by inhibiting the cell death of 3-MA pretreated neutrophils. These findings demonstrate a novel protective role of 3-MA pretreatment in P. aeruginosa-induced acute pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yue
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Han Cao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Jialong Qi
- The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province & Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650034, China
| | - Jin Yuan
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Bin Shan
- Department of Clinical Lab, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Huaxin Ke
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Hua Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Ning Luan
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China.
| | - Cunbao Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China.
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Cao H. Accuracy of radiostereometric analysis using a motorized Roentgen system in a pilot study for clinical simulation. Med Eng Phys 2023; 111:103929. [PMID: 36792244 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2022.103929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Radiostereometric analysis (RSA) is routinely implemented with two paired Roentgen tubes for three-dimensional (3D) implant migration measurements. A conventional set-up of one stationary tube and one mobile could be time-consuming. Utilizing two customized ceiling-mounted tubes is normally associated with investment costs. Thus, a pilot set-up of a motorized system (single Roentgen source) for radiostereometric image acquisition may be a time-saving and space-efficient alternative. RSA using the motorized system is feasible in this study as a non-synchronized image acquisition technique, however, patient motion may occur and influence the assessment of implant migration. The phantom study aimed to assess accuracy of RSA using the motorized Roentgen system in this in vitro study. Accuracy values of translations and rotations were ±0.29 mm and ±0.48° for the single Roentgen source RSA set-up and ±0.26 mm and ±0.48° for the conventional RSA set-up. This study was also performed to simulate potential patient motion during exposure intervals between paired image acquisition. RSA using the motorized system is able to implement RSA with acceptable accuracy. In general, RSA with synchronized image acquisition is the gold standard to access in vivo implant migration with the highest accuracy. Patient motion exists in non-synchronized image acquisition techniques and results in RSA-related motion artifacts. Then we introduced what RSA-related motion artifacts are. The uniplanar calibration cage applied in the study has a few fiducial and control markers, and some of the markers were occluded in radiographs. Whereas, the number of markers in the calibration cage is correlated with accuracy of 3D implant reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Taizhou Second People's Hospital, 225599 Taizhou, China.
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Fei Z, Pan B, Pei R, Ye S, Wang Z, Ma L, Zhang R, Li C, Du X, Cao H. Neuroprotective Effects of IVIG against Alzheimer' s Disease via Regulation of Antigen Processing and Presentation by MHC Class I Molecules in 3xTg-AD Mice. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2023; 10:581-594. [PMID: 37357300 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2023.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The results of clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients treated with Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) revealed inconsistency in efficacy. OBJECTIVE To explore the neuroprotective effects and possible mechanisms of different IVIG in 3xTg-AD mice. METHODS 3-month-old 3xTg-AD mice were administered intraperitoneally with different IVIG (A/B/C) for 3 months and then the therapeutic effects were observed and tested at 9 months of age. The bioavailability of IVIG and Aβ40/42 concentrations in parietotemporal cortex was measured by ELISA. Behavioral tests were performed to examine cognitive functions. Immunohistochemistry was utilized to examine the deposition of Aβ, the phosphorylation of tau, the levels of GFAP and Iba-1 in the hippocampus. Proteomics, Luminex assay and parallel reaction monitoring were performed to identify and verify the proteins that showed a marked change in the hippocampus. RESULTS IVIG-C was more effective than IVIG-A and IVIG-B in counteracting cognitive deficits, ameliorating Aβ deposits and tau phosphorylation, attenuating the activation of microglia and astrocytes in the hippocampus and inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors. IVIG-C affected innate immunity and suppressed the activation of antigen processing and presentation by MHC class I molecule (APP-MHC-I). CONCLUSION The efficacy of different IVIG on AD was significantly different, and only IVIG-C has been confirmed to possess significant neuroprotective effects, which are related to the inhibition of APP-MHC-I. IVIG may be a potential therapeutic for AD but further research is needed to evaluate the functional of IVIG before clinical trials of AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Fei
- Xi Du and Haijun Cao , Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu 610052, China, ; . Tel: 86-28-61648527
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Liu F, Cao H, Xu L, Fu H, Sun S, Xiao Z, Sun C, Long X, Xia Y, Wang S. Design and preparation of highly active TiO 2 photocatalysts by modulating their band structure. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 629:336-344. [PMID: 36162391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide photocatalysts with high reduction potential and visible light response hold great promise in photochemical conversion. Here, we used a simple glycine doping method to synthesize novel N-TiO2@C photocatalysts with upward shifted conduction bands and narrowed band gaps as well as inhibited recombination of photoinduced electron-hole pairs. The N-TiO2@C photocatalysts exhibited higher visible light response and remarkably enhanced photocatalytic activity in the production of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) by photomediated reduction of NAD+ without any electron mediator. The yield of NADH was up to 70.3 % far greater than that of the undoped TiO2 (11.3 %), and it stabilized at ca. 60 % after 10 cycles. The viability of coupling NADH regeneration with enzymatic reaction (alcohol dehydrogenase) was established in aldehyde reduction where formaldehyde was specifically reduced to methanol. These findings shed new light on the modulation of the band structure of semiconductors and develop an electron mediator free strategy for NADH-dependent artificial photosynthesis through coupled photocatalytic and enzymatic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Han Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Luyi Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Hui Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Shiyong Sun
- School of Environment and Resource, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Zijun Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Caiheng Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xing Long
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Yongqing Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Shengjie Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China.
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You H, Zhuo C, Yan S, Wang E, Cao H, Liu S, Wang X. CO 2 Deprotection-Mediated Switchable Polymerization for Precise Construction of Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huai You
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunwei Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuo Yan
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Enhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Han Cao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shunjie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
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Cao H, Hong X, Tost H, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Schwarz E. Advancing translational research in neuroscience through multi-task learning. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:993289. [PMID: 36465289 PMCID: PMC9714033 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.993289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Translational research in neuroscience is increasingly focusing on the analysis of multi-modal data, in order to account for the biological complexity of suspected disease mechanisms. Recent advances in machine learning have the potential to substantially advance such translational research through the simultaneous analysis of different data modalities. This review focuses on one of such approaches, the so-called "multi-task learning" (MTL), and describes its potential utility for multi-modal data analyses in neuroscience. We summarize the methodological development of MTL starting from conventional machine learning, and present several scenarios that appear particularly suitable for its application. For these scenarios, we highlight different types of MTL algorithms, discuss emerging technological adaptations, and provide a step-by-step guide for readers to apply the MTL approach in their own studies. With its ability to simultaneously analyze multiple data modalities, MTL may become an important element of the analytics repertoire used in future neuroscience research and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Cao
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xudong Hong
- Department of Computer Vision and Machine Learning, Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Language Science and Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Heike Tost
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Emanuel Schwarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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