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Pongener I, O'Shea C, Wootton H, Watkinson M, Miller GJ. Developments in the Chemical Synthesis of Heparin and Heparan Sulfate. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3238-3255. [PMID: 34523797 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Heparin and heparan sulfate represent key members of the glycosaminoglycan family of carbohydrates and underpin considerable repertoires of biological importance. As such, their efficiency of synthesis represents a key requirement, to further understand and exploit the H/HS structure-to-biological function axis. In this review we focus on chemical approaches to and methodology improvements for the synthesis of these essential sugars (from 2015 onwards). We first consider advances in accessing the heparin-derived pentasaccharide anticoagulant fondaparinux. This is followed by heparan sulfate targets, including key building block synthesis, oligosaccharide construction and chemical sulfation techniques. We end with a consideration of technological improvements to traditional, solution-phase synthesis approaches that are increasingly being utilised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imlirenla Pongener
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Conor O'Shea
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Hannah Wootton
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Michael Watkinson
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Gavin J Miller
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG, Staffordshire, UK
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Beswick L, Ahmadipour S, Hofman GJ, Wootton H, Dimitriou E, Reynisson J, Field RA, Linclau B, Miller GJ. Exploring anomeric glycosylation of phosphoric acid: Optimisation and scope for non-native substrates. Carbohydr Res 2020; 488:107896. [PMID: 31887633 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.107896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Beswick
- Lennard-Jones Laboratory, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Sanaz Ahmadipour
- Lennard-Jones Laboratory, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Gert-Jan Hofman
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Wootton
- Lennard-Jones Laboratory, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Eleni Dimitriou
- Lennard-Jones Laboratory, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Jóhannes Reynisson
- Hornbeam Building, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Robert A Field
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Linclau
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin J Miller
- Lennard-Jones Laboratory, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, United Kingdom.
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Wootton H. Managing postoperative pain: improved epidural infusion. Nurs Times 2000; 96:41. [PMID: 11961777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Wootton
- Good Hope Hospital NHS Trust, Sutton Coldfield
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Wootton H. A new year--but little cheer for the single homeless. Health Soc Serv J 1985; 95:1564-5. [PMID: 10275427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Wootton H. Rights, wrongs and risks of patients' charter campaign. Health Soc Serv J 1980; 90:470. [PMID: 10246710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
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