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Röhrich M, Daum J, Gutjahr E, Spektor AM, Glatting FM, Sahin YA, Buchholz HG, Hoppner J, Schroeter C, Mavriopoulou E, Schlamp K, Grott M, Eichhorn F, Heußel CP, Kauczor HU, Kreuter M, Giesel F, Schreckenberger M, Winter H, Haberkorn U. Diagnostic Potential of Supplemental Static and Dynamic 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET for Primary 18F-FDG-Negative Pulmonary Lesions. J Nucl Med 2024:jnumed.123.267103. [PMID: 38604763 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.267103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
PET using 68Ga-labeled fibroblast activation protein (FAP) inhibitors (FAPIs) holds high potential for diagnostic imaging of various malignancies, including lung cancer (LC). However, 18F-FDG PET is still the clinical gold standard for LC imaging. Several subtypes of LC, especially lepidic LC, are frequently 18F-FDG PET-negative, which markedly hampers the assessment of single pulmonary lesions suggestive of LC. Here, we evaluated the diagnostic potential of static and dynamic 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET in the 18F-FDG-negative pulmonary lesions of 19 patients who underwent surgery or biopsy for histologic diagnosis after PET imaging. For target validation, FAP expression in lepidic LC was confirmed by FAP immunohistochemistry. Methods: Hematoxylin and eosin staining and FAP immunohistochemistry of 24 tissue sections of lepidic LC from the local tissue bank were performed and analyzed visually. Clinically, 19 patients underwent static and dynamic 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET in addition to 18F-FDG PET based on individual clinical indications. Static PET data of both examinations were analyzed by determining SUVmax, SUVmean, and tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) against the blood pool, as well as relative parameters (68Ga-FAPI-46 in relation to18F-FDG), of histologically confirmed LC and benign lesions. Time-activity curves and dynamic parameters (time to peak, slope, k 1, k 2, k 3, and k 4) were extracted from dynamic 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET data. The sensitivity and specificity of all parameters were analyzed by calculating receiver-operating-characteristic curves. Results: FAP immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of strongly FAP-positive cancer-associated fibroblasts in lepidic LC. LC showed markedly elevated 68Ga-FAPI-46 uptake, higher TBRs, and higher 68Ga-FAPI-46-to-18F-FDG ratios for all parameters than did benign pulmonary lesions. Dynamic imaging analysis revealed differential time-activity curves for LC and benign pulmonary lesions: initially increasing time-activity curves with a decent slope were typical of LC, and steadily decreasing time-activity curve indicated benign pulmonary lesions, as was reflected by a significantly increased time to peak and significantly smaller absolute values of the slope for LC. Relative 68Ga-FAPI-46-to-18F-FDG ratios regarding SUVmax and TBR showed the highest sensitivity and specificity for the discrimination of LC from benign pulmonary lesions. Conclusion: 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET is a powerful new tool for the assessment of single 18F-FDG-negative pulmonary lesions and may optimize patient stratification in this clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Röhrich
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johanna Daum
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ewgenija Gutjahr
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Spektor
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frederik M Glatting
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Jorge Hoppner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cathrin Schroeter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eleni Mavriopoulou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai Schlamp
- German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiology, Thoraxklinik, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Grott
- German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoraxklinik, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Eichhorn
- German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoraxklinik, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claus Peter Heußel
- German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiology, Thoraxklinik, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans Ulrich Kauczor
- German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Interstitial and Rare Lung Diseases, Pneumology, and Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Kreuter
- Department of Pneumology, Mainz Center for Pulmonary Medicine, Mainz University, Mainz, Germany
- Medical Center and Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Marienhaus Clinic Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederik Giesel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Radiation Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany; and
| | | | - Hauke Winter
- German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiology, Thoraxklinik, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe Haberkorn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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Pfeifer P, Sebastian A, Buchholz HG, Kaller CP, Gründer G, Fehr C, Schreckenberger M, Tüscher O. Prefrontal and striatal dopamine D 2/D 3 receptors correlate with fMRI BOLD activation during stopping. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 16:186-198. [PMID: 34403039 PMCID: PMC8825403 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00491-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
D2-like dopamine receptors in animals and humans have been shown to be linked to impulsive behaviors that are highly relevant for several psychiatric disorders. Here, we investigate the relationship between the fronto-striatal D2/D3 dopamine receptor availability and response inhibition in a selected population of healthy OPRM1 G-allele carriers. Twenty-two participants successively underwent blood-oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while performing a stop-signal task and a separate positron emission tomography (PET) scan. Striatal and extrastriatal D2/D3 dopamine receptor availability was measured using the radiotracer [18F]fallypride. Caudate D2/D3 dopamine receptor availability positively correlated with stopping-related fronto-striatal fMRI activation. In addition, right prefrontal D2/D3 dopamine receptor availability correlated positively with stopping-related striatal fMRI BOLD signal. Our study partially replicates previous findings on correlations between striatal D2/D3 dopamine receptor availability and response inhibition in a population selected for its genetic determination of dopamine response to alcohol and as a modulator of impulse control via the endogenous opioid system. We confirm the important role of D2/D3 dopamine receptor availability in the fronto-striatal neural circuit for response inhibition. Moreover, we extend previous findings suggesting that dopamine receptor availability in the right inferior frontal cortex, a crucial region of the stopping network, is also strongly associated with stopping-related striatal fMRI activity in healthy OPRM1 G-allele carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Pfeifer
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Alexandra Sebastian
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Straße 8, 55131, Mainz, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Wallstraße 7, 55122, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans Georg Buchholz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph P Kaller
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg Brain Imaging Centre, University Medical Centre Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Brain Links-BrainTools Cluster of Excellence, University Medical Centre Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Gründer
- Department of Molecular Neuroimaging, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Fehr
- Department for Psychiatry und Psychotherapy, Vitos Clinic for Psychiatry und Psychotherapy Hadamar/Weilmünster, Mönchberg 8, 65589, Hadamar, Germany
| | - Mathias Schreckenberger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Straße 8, 55131, Mainz, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Wallstraße 7, 55122, Mainz, Germany
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3
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Pfeifer P, Tüscher O, Buchholz HG, Gründer G, Vernaleken I, Paulzen M, Zimmermann US, Maus S, Lieb K, Eggermann T, Fehr C, Schreckenberger M. Acute effect of intravenously applied alcohol in the human striatal and extrastriatal D 2 /D 3 dopamine system. Addict Biol 2017; 22:1449-1458. [PMID: 27396374 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Investigations on the acute effects of alcohol in the human mesolimbic dopamine D2 /D3 receptor system have yielded conflicting results. With respect to the effects of alcohol on extrastriatal D2 /D3 dopamine receptors no investigations have been reported yet. Therefore we applied PET imaging using the postsynaptic dopamine D2 /D3 receptor ligand [18 F]fallypride addressing the question, whether intravenously applied alcohol stimulates the extrastriatal and striatal dopamine system. We measured subjective effects of alcohol and made correlation analyses with the striatal and extrastriatal D2 /D3 binding potential. Twenty-four healthy male μ-opioid receptor (OPRM1)118G allele carriers underwent a standardized intravenous and placebo alcohol administration. The subjective effects of alcohol were measured with a visual analogue scale. For the evaluation of the dopamine response we calculated the binding potential (BPND ) by using the simplified reference tissue model (SRTM). In addition, we calculated distribution volumes (target and reference regions) in 10 subjects for which metabolite corrected arterial samples were available. In the alcohol condition no significant dopamine response in terms of a reduction of BPND was observed in striatal and extrastriatal brain regions. We found a positive correlation for 'liking' alcohol and the BPND in extrastriatal brain regions (Inferior frontal cortex (IFC) (r = 0.533, p = 0.007), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) (r = 0.416, p = 0.043) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) (r = 0.625, p = 0.001)). The acute alcohol effects on the D2 /D3 dopamine receptor binding potential of the striatal and extrastriatal system in our experiment were insignificant. A positive correlation of the subjective effect of 'liking' alcohol with cortical D2 /D3 receptors may hint at an addiction relevant trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Pfeifer
- Hospital of Psychiatry Muensingen and University Hospital of Psychiatry Bern, University of Bern; Bern 60 Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Mainz Germany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Mainz Germany
| | - Hans Georg Buchholz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Mainz Germany
| | - Gerhard Gründer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics; RWTH Aachen University and JARA-Translational Brain Medicine Aachen; Aachen Germany
| | - Ingo Vernaleken
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics; RWTH Aachen University and JARA-Translational Brain Medicine Aachen; Aachen Germany
| | - Michael Paulzen
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics; RWTH Aachen University and JARA-Translational Brain Medicine Aachen; Aachen Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Zimmermann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Stephan Maus
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Mainz Germany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Mainz Germany
| | - Thomas Eggermann
- Institute for Human Genetics; RWTH Aachen University Medical Center; Aachen Germany
| | - Christoph Fehr
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Mainz Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics; Agaplesion Markus Hospital; Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Mathias Schreckenberger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz; Mainz Germany
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4
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Becker-Bense S, Buchholz HG, Baier B, Schreckenberger M, Bartenstein P, Dieterich M. Imaging the vestibular system after acute unilateral midbrain infarction – A combined lesion-behaviour mapping and FDG-PET study. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1371189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Best C, Lange E, Buchholz HG, Bausbacher N, Kronfeld A, Schreckenberger M, Dieterich M, Reuss S. Kompensationsmechanismen nach Läsionierung vestibulär eloquenter Thalamuskerne im Rattenmodel: Eine funktionelle FDG-PET-Studie. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1371191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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6
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Klappstein G, Breimhorst M, Ament SJ, Buchholz HG, Elam M, Schreckenberger M, Birklein F, Krämer HH, Kaps M. Zentrale Repräsentation der muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) durch Baroreflexstimulation mittels lower body negativ pressure (LBNP) – eine Mikroneurografiestudie. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1337193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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Ament SJ, Maus S, Reber H, Buchholz HG, Bausbacher N, Brochhausen C, Graf F, Miederer M, Schreckenberger M. PET lung ventilation/perfusion imaging using (68)Ga aerosol (Galligas) and (68)Ga-labeled macroaggregated albumin. Recent Results Cancer Res 2013; 194:395-423. [PMID: 22918772 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-27994-2_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary imaging using ventilation/perfusion (V/P) single-photon emission tomography (V/P scan) with Tc-99m-labeled radiotracers is a well-established diagnostic tool for clinically suspected pulmonary embolism (PE). Ga-68 aerosol (Galligas) and Ga-68-labeled macroaggregated albumin (MAA) are potential tracers for positron emission tomography (PET) lung V/P imaging and could display an advantage over conventional V/P scans in terms of sensitivity and specificity. After radiochemical and animal studies, the clinical applicability of Ga-68 aerosol (Galligas) and Ga-68-labeled MAA was investigated in an exploratory study in patients with clinical suspicion of PE. PET scans were acquired using a 16-slice Gemini TF positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanner. The acquisition protocol included low-dose computed tomography (CT) for attenuation correction (AC). Dosimetry calculations and continuative phantom measurements were performed. Structural analyses showed no modification of the particles due to the labeling process. In addition, in vitro experiments showed stability of Ga-68 MAA in various media. As expected, Ga-68-labeled human serum albumin microspheres (HSAM) were completely retained in the lung of the animals. In clinical use, PET lung ventilation and perfusion imaging using Ga-68 aerosol (Galligas) and Ga-68-labeled MAA was successful in all cases. In one case a clinically suspected PE could be detected and verified. The administered activity of Ga-68 aerosol (Galligas) and Ga-68-labeled MAA may be reduced by more than 50%, resulting in comparable radiation exposure to conventional V/P scans. In conclusion, Ga-68 aerosol (Galligas) and Ga-68-labeled MAA are efficient substitutes for clinical use and could be an interesting alternative with high accuracy for lung V/P imaging with Tc-99m-labeled radiotracers, especially in times of Mo-99 shortages and increasing use and spread of PET/CT scanners and Ga-68 generators, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Ament
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
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8
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Schaefer A, Nestle U, Kremp S, Hellwig D, Grgic A, Buchholz HG, Mischke W, Gromoll C, Dennert P, Plotkin M, Senftleben S, Thorwarth D, Tosch M, Wahl A, Wengenmair H, Rübe C, Kirsch CM. Multi-centre calibration of an adaptive thresholding method for PET-based delineation of tumour volumes in radiotherapy planning of lung cancer. Nuklearmedizin 2012; 51:101-10. [PMID: 22446512 DOI: 10.3413/nukmed-0452-11-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the calibration of an adaptive thresholding algorithm (contrast-oriented algorithm) for FDG PET-based delineation of tumour volumes in eleven centres with respect to scanner types and image data processing by phantom measurements. METHODS A cylindrical phantom with spheres of different diameters was filled with FDG realizing different signal-to-background ratios and scanned using 5 Siemens Biograph PET/CT scanners, 5 Philips Gemini PET/CT scanners, and one Siemens ECAT-ART PET scanner. All scans were analysed by the contrast-oriented algorithm implemented in two different software packages. For each site, the threshold SUVs of all spheres best matching the known sphere volumes were determined. Calibration parameters a and b were calculated for each combination of scanner and image-analysis software package. In addition, "scanner-type-specific" calibration curves were determined from all values obtained for each combination of scanner type and software package. Both kinds of calibration curves were used for volume delineation of the spheres. RESULTS Only minor differences in calibration parameters were observed for scanners of the same type (Δa ≤4%, Δb ≤14%) provided that identical imaging protocols were used whereas significant differences were found comparing calibration parameters of the ART scanner with those of scanners of different type (Δa ≤60%, Δb ≤54%). After calibration, for all scanners investigated the calculated SUV thresholds for auto-contouring did not differ significantly (all p>0.58). The resulting sphere volumes deviated by less than -7% to +8% from the true values. CONCLUSION After multi-centre calibration the use of the contrast-oriented algorithm for FDG PET-based delineation of tumour volumes in the different centres using different scanner types and specific imaging protocols is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schaefer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
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9
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Bernedo Paredes VE, Schwartz H, Gartenschläger M, Gartenschläger M, Buchholz HG, Breimhorst M, Schreckenberger M, Werhahn KJ. Decreased Dopamine D2/D3-Receptor Binding in the Temporal Lobe and the Bilateral Basal Ganglia in patients with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1301572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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10
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Fechir M, Klega A, Buchholz HG, Pfeifer N, Balon S, Schlereth T, Geber C, Breimhorst M, Maihöfner C, Birklein F, Schreckenberger M. Cortical control of thermoregulatory sympathetic activation. Eur J Neurosci 2010; 31:2101-11. [PMID: 20529117 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07243.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thermoregulation enables adaptation to different ambient temperatures. A complex network of central autonomic centres may be involved. In contrast to the brainstem, the role of the cortex has not been clearly evaluated. This study was therefore designed to address cerebral function during a whole thermoregulatory cycle (cold, neutral and warm stimulation) using 18-fluordeoxyglucose-PET (FDG-PET). Sympathetic activation parameters were co-registered. Ten healthy male volunteers were examined three times on three different days in a water-perfused whole-body suit. After a baseline period (32 degrees C), temperature was either decreased to 7 degrees C (cold), increased to 50 degrees C (warm) or kept constant (32 degrees C, neutral), thereafter the PET examination was performed. Cerebral glucose metabolism was increased in infrapontine brainstem and cerebellar hemispheres during cooling and warming, each compared with neutral temperature. Simultaneously, FDG uptake decreased in the bilateral anterior/mid-cingulate cortex during warming, and in the right insula during cooling and warming. Conjunction analyses revealed that right insular deactivation and brainstem activation appeared both during cold and warm stimulation. Metabolic connectivity analyses revealed positive correlations between the cortical activations, and negative correlations between these cortical areas and brainstem/cerebellar regions. Heart rate changes negatively correlated with glucose metabolism in the anterior cingulate cortex and in the middle frontal gyrus/dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and changes of sweating with glucose metabolism in the posterior cingulate cortex. In summary, these results suggest that the cerebral cortex exerts an inhibitory control on autonomic centres located in the brainstem or cerebellum. These findings may represent reasonable explanations for sympathetic hyperactivity, which occurs, for example, after hemispheric stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fechir
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany.
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11
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Behnke S, Schroeder U, Dillmann U, Buchholz HG, Schreckenberger M, Fuss G, Reith W, Berg D, Krick CM. Hyperechogenicity of the substantia nigra in healthy controls is related to MRI changes and to neuronal loss as determined by F-Dopa PET. Neuroimage 2009; 47:1237-43. [PMID: 19497378 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2009] [Revised: 04/23/2009] [Accepted: 05/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcranial ultrasound (TCS) has been shown to reveal hyperechogenicity of the substantia nigra (SN) in Parkinsonian patients and in about 10% of healthy controls. It is hypothesized that SN hyperechogenicity in healthy subjects is a vulnerability marker for idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). Although there is strong evidence that the echomarker results from increased local iron content, the exact pathophysiological mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Thus, prognostic impact can only be estimated. We examined 14 subjects with SN hyperechogenicity (SN+) (7 IPD patients and 7 controls) and 7 healthy controls without the echomarker (SN-) by a magnetic resonance imaging method (MRI; T2 relaxation times) known to reveal tissue inhomogeneity following abnormal iron content and by F-Dopa PET to assess nigrostriatal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Behnke
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of the Saarland, Homburg Saar, Germany.
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12
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Fechir M, Klega A, Buchholz HG, Pfeifer N, Balon S, Schlereth T, Breimhorst M, Schreckenberger M, Birklein F. Charakterisierung der thermoregulatorischen Sympathikus-Aktivierung mittels 18-Fluordesoxyglukose Positronen-Emissions-Tomografie: Inhibitorische Kontrolle des cerebralen Cortex über autonome Hirnstammzentren. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1216239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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13
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Best C, Lange E, Buchholz HG, Bausbacher N, Schreckenberger M, Reuss S, Dieterich M. Ipsilaterale Dominanz vestibulärer kortikaler Prozessierung im Rattenhirn – Eine F-18-FDG Tier-PET-Studie. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1216157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Landvogt C, Mengel E, Bartenstein P, Buchholz HG, Schreckenberger M, Siessmeier T, Scheurich A, Feldmann R, Weglage J, Cumming P, Zepp F, Ullrich K. Reduced cerebral fluoro-L-dopamine uptake in adult patients suffering from phenylketonuria. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2008; 28:824-31. [PMID: 17971791 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase activity in phenylketonuria (PKU) causes an excess of phenylalanine (Phe) throughout the body, predicting impaired synthesis of catecholamines in the brain. To test this hypothesis, we used positron emission tomography (PET) to measure the utilization of 6-[18F]fluoro-L-DOPA [corrected] (FDOPA) in the brain of adult patients suffering from PKU and in healthy controls. Dynamic 2-h long FDOPA emission recordings were obtained in seven adult PKU patients (five females, two males; age: 21 to 27 years) with elevated serum Phe levels, but lacking neurologic deficits. Seven age-matched, healthy volunteers were imaged under identical conditions. The utilization of FDOPA in striatum was calculated by linear graphical analysis (k3S, min(-1)), with cerebellum serving as a nonbinding reference region. The time to peak activity in all brain time-radioactivity curves was substantially delayed in the PKU patients relative to the control group. The mean magnitude of k3S in the striatum of the PKU patients (0.0052+/-0.0004 min(-1)) was significantly lower than in the control group (0.0088+/-0.0009 min(-1)) (P<0.001). There was no significant correlation between individual serum Phe levels and k3S. The unidirectional clearance of FDOPA to brain was impaired in adult patients suffering from PKU, presumably reflecting the competitive inhibition of the large neutral amino acid carrier by Phe. Assuming this competition to be spatially uniform, the relationship between striatum and cerebellum time-activity curves additionally suggests inhibition of DOPA efflux, possibly also due to competition from Phe. The linear graphical analysis shows reduced k3S in striatum, indicating reduced DOPA decarboxylase activity.
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Schreckenberger MF, Egle UT, Drecker S, Buchholz HG, Weber MM, Bartenstein P, Kahaly GJ. Positron emission tomography reveals correlations between brain metabolism and mood changes in hyperthyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91:4786-91. [PMID: 16968792 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2006-0573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hyperthyroidism is frequently associated with emotional distress. The underlying cerebral processes of the endocrine-induced mood changes are unclear. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate, for the first time, the neuronal correlates of thyrotoxicosis-associated psychic symptoms using positron emission tomography (PET). DESIGN The study was designed as a cross-sectional trial. SETTING The study was performed at joint nuclear medicine and thyroid clinics. PATIENTS Twelve patients with untreated Graves' hyperthyroidism were evaluated. METHODS Levels of emotional distress were self-rated by means of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Both patients and 20 age- and gender-matched euthyroid controls underwent a brain fluorodeoxyglucose PET scan. Subsequently, the functional relationship between brain metabolism and the psychometric scores was analyzed. RESULTS Compared with controls and visualized by fluorodeoxyglucose PET, hyperthyroid patients showed a decreased (P < 0.0001) glucose metabolism in the limbic system (uncus and inferior temporal gyrus). Activation foci in the posterior cingulate and in the inferior parietal lobe were correlated with both anxiety and depression scales (P < 0.001). Compared with patients with normal anxiety levels, those with increased anxiety yielded an enhanced glucose metabolism (P < 0.001) in the bilateral sensory association cortex. Serum free T3/free T4 levels negatively correlated with regional glucose metabolism in the medial posterior cingulate. CONCLUSIONS Thyrotoxicosis and associated psychic symptoms are correlated to regional metabolic changes in the main structures of the limbic/paralimbic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Schreckenberger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gutenberg University Hospital, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
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Siessmeier T, Kienast T, Wrase J, Larsen JL, Braus DF, Smolka MN, Buchholz HG, Schreckenberger M, Rösch F, Cumming P, Mann K, Bartenstein P, Heinz A. Net influx of plasma 6-[18F]fluoro-L-DOPA (FDOPA) to the ventral striatum correlates with prefrontal processing of affective stimuli. Eur J Neurosci 2006; 24:305-13. [PMID: 16882026 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.04903.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Dopaminergic neurotransmission in the ventral and dorsal striatum interact with central processing of rewarding and reward-indicating stimuli, and may affect frontocortical-striatal-thalamic circuits regulating goal-directed behaviour. Thirteen healthy male volunteers were investigated with multimodal imaging, using the radioligand 6-[(18)F]fluoro-l-DOPA (FDOPA) for positron emission tomography (PET) measurements of dopamine synthesis capacity, and also functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a cognitive activation paradigm. We calculated the correlation between FDOPA net blood-brain influx (; ml/g/min) in the ventral and associative dorsal striatum and BOLD signal changes elicited by standardized affectively positive, negative and neutral visual stimuli. The magnitude of in the ventral striatum was positively correlated with BOLD signal increases in the left anterior cingulate cortex and right insular operculum elicited by positive vs. neutral stimuli, but not negative vs. neutral stimuli. In the dorsal striatum, the magnitude of was positively correlated with processing of positive and negative stimuli in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. These findings suggest that dopamine synthesis capacity in the ventral striatum correlates with the attentional processing of rewarding positive stimuli in the anterior cingulate cortex of healthy subjects. Dopaminergic neurotransmission in the associative dorsal striatum has been associated previously with habit learning. The observed correlation between dopamine synthesis capacity in the dorsal striatum and BOLD signal changes in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex suggests dopaminergic modulation of processing of emotional stimuli in brain areas associated with motor planning and executive behaviour control.
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Koehler J, Büscher C, Buchholz HG, Schreckenberger M. Correlation of cognition and FDG-PET findings in early multiple sclerosis. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-939206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Baumgärtner U, Buchholz HG, Bellosevich A, Magerl W, Siessmeier T, Höhnemann S, Wester HJ, Rösch F, Stoeter P, Bartenstein P, Treede RD, Schreckenberger M. High opiate receptor binding potential in the human lateral pain system: A (FEDPN)PET study. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-939091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Koehler J, Büscher C, Buchholz HG, Schreckenberger M. Localised emotionality by FDG-PET in patients with multiple sclerosis. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-939205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Vernaleken IB, Kumakura Y, Buchholz HG, Siessmeier T, Bartenstein P, Cumming P, Gründer G. Prefrontal cognitive performance of healthy subjects positively correlates with 18F-FDOPA uptake in positron emission tomography. Pharmacopsychiatry 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-918861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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21
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Schneider S, Feilen PJ, Schreckenberger M, Schwanstecher M, Schwanstecher C, Buchholz HG, Thews O, Oberholzer K, Korobeynikov A, Bauman A, Comagic S, Piel M, Schirrmacher E, Shiue CY, Alavi AA, Bartenstein P, Rösch F, Weber MM, Klein HH, Schirrmacher R. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of novel glibenclamide derivatives as imaging agents for the non-invasive assessment of the pancreatic islet cell mass in animals and humans. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2005; 113:388-95. [PMID: 16025400 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-865711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic islet cell mass (PICM) is a major determinant of the insulin secretory capacity in humans. Currently, the only method for accurate assessment of the PICM is an autopsy study. Thus, development of a technique allowing the non-invasive quantification of PICM is of great interest. The aim of this study was to develop such a non-invasive technique featuring novel fluorine- and (99m)Tc-labelled glibenclamide derivatives. Despite the structural modifications necessary to introduce fluorine into the glibenclamide molecule, all derivatives retained insulin stimulating capacity as well as high affinity binding to human SUR1 when compared to the original glibenclamide. Contrastingly, the lipophilicity of the fluorine-labelled derivatives was altered depending on the particular modification. In the human PET-study a constant but weak radioactive signal could be detected in the pancreas using a fluorine-labelled glibenclamide derivative. However, a reliable assessment and visualisation of the PICM could not be obtained. It can be assumed that the high uptake of the fluorine-labelled tracer e.g. into the the liver and the high plasma protein binding leads to a relatively low signal-to-noise ratio. In case of the presented fluorine-labelled glibenclamide based compounds this could be the result of their invariably high lipophilicity. The development of a (99 m)Tc-labelled glibenclamide derivative with a lower lipophilicity and differing in vivo behaviour, glibenclamide based compounds for non-invasive imaging of the pancreatic islet cell mass may be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schneider
- Medical Department I, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, University of Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany.
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22
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Helisch A, Schirrmacher E, Thews O, Schirrmacher R, Buchholz HG, Dillenburg W, Höhnemann S, Tillmanns J, Wessler I, Buhl R, Rösch F, Bartenstein P. Demonstration of pulmonary β2-adrenergic receptor binding in vivo with [18F]fluoroethyl-fenoterol in a guinea pig model. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2005; 32:1324-8. [PMID: 16133376 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-005-1914-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2005] [Accepted: 07/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The new beta2 radioligand (R,R)(S,S) 5-(2-(2-[4-(2-[18F]fluoroethoxy)phenyl]-1-methylethylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl)-benzene-1,3-diol ([18F]FE-fenoterol; [18F]FEFE), a fluoroethylated derivative of racemic fenoterol, was evaluated in vivo and ex vivo using a guinea pig model. METHODS Dynamic PET studies over 60 min with [(18)F]FEFE were performed in nine Hartley guinea pigs in which a baseline (group 1, n=3), a predose (group 2, n=3; 2 mg/kg fenoterol 5 min prior to injection of [18F]FEFE) or a displacement study (group 3, n=3; 2 mg/kg fenoterol 5 min post injection of [18F]FEFE) was conducted. RESULTS In all animal groups, the lungs could be visualised and semi-quantified separately by calculating uptake ratios to non-specific binding in the neck area. Premedication with non-radioactive fenoterol and displacement tests showed significant reduction of lung uptake, by 94% and 76%, respectively. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate specific binding of the new radioligand to the pulmonary beta2-receptors in accordance with ex vivo measurements. Therefore, [18F]FEFE seems to be suitable for the in vivo visualisation and quantification of the pulmonary beta2-receptor binding in this animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Helisch
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany.
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Heinz A, Siessmeier T, Wrase J, Buchholz HG, Gründer G, Kumakura Y, Cumming P, Schreckenberger M, Smolka MN, Rösch F, Mann K, Bartenstein P. Correlation of alcohol craving with striatal dopamine synthesis capacity and D2/3 receptor availability: a combined [18F]DOPA and [18F]DMFP PET study in detoxified alcoholic patients. Am J Psychiatry 2005; 162:1515-20. [PMID: 16055774 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.8.1515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In abstinent alcoholic patients, a low availability of dopamine D2/3 receptors in the ventral striatum and adjacent putamen was associated with a high level of craving for alcohol. Alcohol craving may also depend on presynaptic dysfunction of striatal dopamine production, which may contribute to the risk of relapse. In this study, positron emission tomography (PET) was used to compare dopamine synthesis capacity in the striatum in alcoholic patients and healthy comparison subjects. METHOD Positron emission tomography (PET) was used to map the net blood-brain clearance of the dopa decarboxylase substrate 6-[18F]fluoro-l-dopa, an index of dopamine synthesis capacity, in the striatum of 12 detoxified male alcoholic patients and 13 age-matched healthy men. The parametric maps were correlated with results of an earlier [18F]desmethoxyfallypride PET study of dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in the same 12 alcoholic patients and in 12 of the healthy volunteers. Alcohol craving was measured with the Alcohol Craving Questionnaire. Patients were followed for 6 months, and alcohol intake was recorded. RESULTS The magnitude of net blood-brain clearance in the striatum did not differ significantly between detoxified alcoholic patients and the comparison subjects. However, a voxel-wise correlation analysis of net blood-brain clearance in the alcoholic patients linked low levels of dopamine synthesis capacity in the bilateral putamen with high levels of alcohol craving. After normalization of net blood-brain clearance maps to the voxel-wise estimates of dopamine D2/3 receptor availability, there was still a negative correlation with alcohol craving. Alcohol craving at the time of scanning was associated with high level of alcohol intake in the 6-month follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS Simultaneous assay by PET of pre- and postsynaptic markers of dopamine neurotransmission indicated that a striatal dopamine deficit correlated with alcohol craving, which was associated with a high relapse risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Heinz
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
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Heinz A, Siessmeier T, Wrase J, Hermann D, Klein S, Grüsser SM, Grüsser-Sinopoli SM, Flor H, Braus DF, Buchholz HG, Gründer G, Schreckenberger M, Smolka MN, Rösch F, Mann K, Bartenstein P. Correlation between dopamine D(2) receptors in the ventral striatum and central processing of alcohol cues and craving. Am J Psychiatry 2004; 161:1783-9. [PMID: 15465974 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.10.1783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol and other drugs of abuse stimulate dopamine release in the ventral striatum, which includes the nucleus accumbens, a core region of the brain reward system, and reinforce substance intake. Chronic alcohol intake is associated with down-regulation of central dopamine D(2) receptors, and delayed recovery of D(2) receptor sensitivity after detoxification is positively correlated with high risk for relapse. Prolonged D(2) receptor dysfunction in the ventral striatum may interfere with a dopamine-dependent error detection signal and bias the brain reward system toward excessive attribution of incentive salience to alcohol-associated stimuli. METHOD Multimodal imaging, with the radioligand [(18)F]desmethoxyfallypride and positron emission tomography as well as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), was used to compare 11 detoxified male alcoholics with 13 healthy men. The authors measured the association of D(2)-like dopamine receptors in the ventral striatum with alcohol craving and central processing of alcohol cues. RESULTS Activation of the medial prefrontal cortex and striatum by alcohol-associated stimuli, relative to activation by neutral visual stimuli, was greater in the detoxified alcoholics than in the healthy men. The alcoholics displayed less availability of D(2)-like receptors in the ventral striatum, which was associated with alcohol craving severity and with greater cue-induced activation of the medial prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate as assessed with fMRI. DISCUSSION In alcoholics, dopaminergic dysfunction in the ventral striatum may attribute incentive salience to alcohol-associated stimuli, so that alcohol cues elicit craving and excessive activation of neural networks associated with attention and behavior control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
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Schlindwein P, Birklein F, Dieterich M, Buchholz HG, Bartenstein P. Cerebral Correlates of the Activation of the Cardiovascular Autonomic Nervous System – An FDG-PET Study. KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-832155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bense S, Schlindwein P, Prange K, Buchholz HG, Brandt T, Bartenstein P, Dieterich M. Contralateral Activation of the Vestibular Cortex in Acute Vestibular Neuritis (FDG-PET Study). KLIN NEUROPHYSIOL 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-831931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Dielentheis TF, Schreckenberger M, Lochmann M, Lange-Asschenfeld C, Siessmeier T, Buchholz HG, Hobusch K, Hirsch J, Vernaleken I, Mann K, Bartenstein P, Gründer G. Sensitivity of GABAergic systems in male alcoholics and subjects at risk for alcoholism. Pharmacopsychiatry 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-825306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gründer G, Vernaleken I, Siessmeier T, Buchholz HG, Heinz A, Gjedde A, Cumming P, Bartenstein P. Pharmacological modulation of dopaminergic systems in neuropsychiatric disorders studied with positron emission tomography. Pharmacopsychiatry 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-825348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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29
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Gründer G, Schreckenberger M, Dielentheis TF, Lochmann M, Mann K, Lange-Asschenfeld C, Siessmeier T, Buchholz HG, Amberg R, Bartenstein P. Effects of alcohol and benzodiazepines on brain metabolism: [18F]FDG-PET studies. Pharmacopsychiatry 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-825347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Schirrmacher E, Schirrmacher R, Thews O, Dillenburg W, Helisch A, Wessler I, Buhl R, Höhnemann S, Buchholz HG, Bartenstein P, Machulla HJ, Rösch F. Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of (R,R)(S,S) 5-(2-(2-[4-(2-[(18)F]fluoroethoxy)phenyl]-1-methylethylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl)-benzene-1,3-diol ([(18)F]FEFE) for the in vivo visualisation and quantification of the beta2-adrenergic receptor status in lung. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:2687-92. [PMID: 12873495 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(03)00538-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The (18)F-labeled beta2-adrenergic receptor ligand (R,R)(S,S) 5-(2-(2-[4-(2-[(18)F]fluoroethoxy)phenyl]-1-methylethylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl)-benzene-1,3-diol, a derivative of the original highly selective racemic fenoterol, was synthesized in an overall radiochemical yield of 20% after 65 min with a radiochemical purity higher than 98%. The specific activity was in the range of 50-60 GBq/micromol. In vitro testing of the non-radioactive fluorinated fenoterol derivative with isolated guinea pig trachea was conducted to obtain an IC(50) value of 60 nM. Preliminary ex vivo organ distribution and in vivo experiments with positron emission tomography (PET) on guinea pigs were performed to study the biodistribution as well as the displacement of the radiotracer to prove specific binding to the beta2-receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Schirrmacher
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry, University of Mainz, Fritz Strassmann-Weg 2, D-55128, Mainz, Germany.
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Buchholz HG, Herzog H, Förster GJ, Reber H, Nickel O, Rösch F, Bartenstein P. PET imaging with yttrium-86: comparison of phantom measurements acquired with different PET scanners before and after applying background subtraction. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2003; 30:716-20. [PMID: 12605273 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-002-1112-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2002] [Accepted: 12/07/2002] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative imaging with the positron emitter (86)Y is the method of choice to determine the uptake and dosimetry of (90)Y-labelled radiopharmaceuticals. To examine the quantitative accuracy of positron emission tomography findings with (86)Y, this non-pure positron emitter was evaluated in a cylindrical phantom with rods of Teflon, water and air and measured with three different scanners: ECAT EXACT (2D/3D), ECAT HR+ (2D/3D) and PC4096+ (2D). After standard reconstruction, (86)Y radioactivity measured with the ECAT EXACT and related to the true radioactivity varied between 0.84 and 0.99 in 2D and between 0.93 and 1.20 in 3D from the first to the last acquisition (eight half-life times later). The water and Teflon rods exhibited considerable amounts of reconstructed radioactivity-21% in 2D and 67% in 3D for water and 65% and 147%, respectively, for Teflon-compared with the actual (86)Y radioactivity of the phantom. For the ECAT HR+ similar results were obtained in 3D, but there were even greater overestimations in 2D. Measurements with the PC4096+ showed rather small errors, with 10% for water and 20% for Teflon. To correct for the background of gamma-coincidences, sinograms were analysed and an experimental percentage of the background was subtracted from the sinograms. In order to minimise the errors in reconstructed radioactivity, the subtraction value had to be different for the individual scanners and modes. Our results demonstrate that (90)Y/(86)Y-based dosimetry for bone and red marrow must be regarded with caution if it is derived from regions of interest over the bone, the density of which is similar to that of Teflon. To obtain more reliable estimates, an appropriate background correction must be applied and tailored individually with respect to the scanner and acquisition mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Buchholz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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Förster GJ, Engelbach MJ, Brockmann JJ, Reber HJ, Buchholz HG, Mäcke HR, Rösch FR, Herzog HR, Bartenstein PR. Preliminary data on biodistribution and dosimetry for therapy planning of somatostatin receptor positive tumours: comparison of (86)Y-DOTATOC and (111)In-DTPA-octreotide. Eur J Nucl Med 2001; 28:1743-50. [PMID: 11734910 DOI: 10.1007/s002590100628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The somatostatin analogue (90)Y-DOTATOC (yttrium-90 DOTA- D-Phe(1)-Tyr(3)-octreotide) is used for treatment of patients with neuroendocrine tumours. Accurate pretherapeutic dosimetry would allow for individual planning of the optimal therapeutic strategy. In this study, the biodistribution and resulting dosimetric calculation for therapeutic exposure of critical organs and tumour masses based on the positron emission tomography (PET) tracer (86)Y-DOTATOC, which is chemically identical to the therapeutic agent, were compared with results based on the tracer commonly used for somatostatin receptor scintigraphy, (111)In-DTPA-octreotide (indium-111 DTPA- D-Phe(1)-octreotide, OctreoScan). Three patients with metastatic carcinoid tumours were investigated. Dynamic and static PET studies with 77-186 MBq (86)Y-DOTATOC were performed up to 48 h after injection. Serum and urinary activity were measured simultaneously. Within 1 week, but not sooner than 5 days, patients were re-investigated by conventional scintigraphy with (111)In-DTPA-octreotide (110-187 MBq) using an equivalent protocol. Based on the regional tissue uptake kinetics, residence times were calculated and doses for potential therapy with (90)Y-DOTATOC were estimated. Serum kinetics and urinary excretion of both tracers showed no relevant differences. Estimated liver doses were similar for both tracers. Dose estimation for organs with the highest level of radiation exposure, the kidneys and spleen, showed differences of 10.5%-20.1% depending on the tracer. The largest discrepancies in dose estimation, ranging from 23.1% to 85.9%, were found in tumour masses. Furthermore, there was a wide inter-subject variability in the organ kinetics. Residence times (tau(organs)) for (90)Y-DOTATOC therapy were: tau(liver) 1.59-2.79 h; tau(spleen) 0.07-1.68 h; and tau(kidneys) 0.55-2.46 h (based on (86)Y-DOTATOC). These data suggest that dosimetry based on (86)Y-DOTATOC and (111)In-DTPA-octreotide yields similar organ doses, whereas there are relevant differences in estimated tumour doses. Individual pretherapeutic dosimetry for (90)Y-DOTATOC therapy appears necessary considering the large differences in organ doses between individual patients. If possible, the dosimetry should be performed with the chemically identical tracer (86)Y-DOTATOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Förster
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany.
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Gründer G, Siessmeier T, Lange-Asschenfeldt C, Vernaleken I, Buchholz HG, Stoeter P, Drzezga A, Lüddens H, Rösch F, Bartenstein P. [18F]Fluoroethylflumazenil: a novel tracer for PET imaging of human benzodiazepine receptors. Eur J Nucl Med 2001; 28:1463-70. [PMID: 11685488 DOI: 10.1007/s002590100594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2001] [Accepted: 04/07/2001] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
5-(2'-[18F]Fluoroethyl)flumazenil ([18F]FEF) is a fluorine-18 labelled positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for central benzodiazepine receptors. Compared with the established [11C]flumazenil, it has the advantage of the longer half-life of the fluorine-18 label. After optimisation of its synthesis and determination of its in vitro receptor affinities, we performed first PET studies in humans. PET studies in seven healthy human volunteers were performed on a Siemens ECAT EXACT whole-body scanner after injection of 100-280 MBq [L8F]FEF. In two subjects, a second PET scan was conducted after pretreatment with unlabelled flumazenil (1 mg or 2.5 mg i.v., 3 min before tracer injection). A third subject was studied both with [18F]FEF and with [11C]flumazenil. Brain radioactivity was measured for 60-90 min p.i. and analysed with a region of interest-oriented approach and on a voxelwise basis with spectral analysis. Plasma radioactivity was determined from arterial blood samples and metabolites were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. In human brain, maximum radioactivity accumulation was observed 4 +/- 2 min p.i., with a fast clearance kinetics resulting in 50% and 20% of maximal activities at about 10 and 30 min, respectively. [18F]FEF uptake followed the known central benzodiazepine receptor distribution in the human brain (occipital cortex >temporal cortex >cerebellum >thalamus >pons). Pretreatment with unlabelled flumazenil resulted in reduced tracer uptake in all brain areas except for receptor-free reference regions like the pons. Parametric images of distribution volume and binding potential generated on a voxelwise basis revealed two- to three-fold lower in vivo receptor binding of [18F]FEF compared with [11C]flumazenil, while relative uptake of [18F]FEF was higher in the cerebellum, most likely owing to its relatively higher affinity for benzodiazepine receptors containing the alpha6 subunit. Metabolism of [18F]FEF was very rapid. Polar metabolites represented about 50%-60% of total plasma radioactivity at 5 min and 80%-90% at 20 min p.i. Although [11C]flumazenil has some advantages over [18F]FEF (higher affinity, slower metabolism, slower kinetics), our results indicate that [18F]FEF is a suitable PET ligand for quantitative assessment of central benzodiazepine receptors, which can be used independently of an on-site cyclotron.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gründer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Mainz, Germany.
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