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Han X, Dong X, Liu CQ, Wei R, Lang Y, Strauss H, Guo Q. Multiple Sulfur Isotopic Evidence for Sulfate Formation in Haze Pollution. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:20647-20656. [PMID: 38033251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of sulfate formation during winter haze events in North China remains largely elusive. In this study, the multiple sulfur isotopic composition of sulfate in different grain-size aerosol fractions collected seasonally from sampling sites in rural, suburban, urban, industrial, and coastal areas of North China are used to constrain the mechanism of SO2 oxidation at different levels of air pollution. The Δ33S values of sulfate in aerosols show an obvious seasonal variation, except for those samples collected in the rural area. The positive Δ33S signatures (0‰ < Δ33S < 0.439‰) observed on clean days are mainly influenced by tropospheric SO2 oxidation and stratospheric SO2 photolysis. The negative Δ33S signatures (-0.236‰ < Δ33S < ∼0‰) observed during winter haze events (PM2.5 > 200 μg/m3) are mainly attributed to SO2 oxidation by H2O2 and transition metal ion catalysis (TMI) in the troposphere. These results reveal that both the H2O2 and TMI pathways play critical roles in sulfate formation during haze events in North China. Additionally, these new data provide evidence that the tropospheric oxidation of SO2 can produce significant negative Δ33S values in sulfate aerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Han
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xinyuan Dong
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Cong-Qiang Liu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Rongfei Wei
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yunchao Lang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Harald Strauss
- Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 24, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Qingjun Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Göhring A, Hölzl S, Mayr C, Strauss H. Multi-isotope fingerprints of recent environmental samples from the Baltic coast and their implications for bioarchaeological studies. Sci Total Environ 2023; 874:162513. [PMID: 36870494 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Stable isotopes in coastal regions are influenced by the so-called sea spray effect which masks the actual terrestrial isotope fingerprint with a marine isotope signal. The sea spray impact on plants was investigated by analyzing different stable isotope systems (δ13Ccellulose, δ18Ocellulose, δ18Osulfate, δ34Ssulfate, δ34Stotal S, δ34Sorganic S, 87Sr/86Sr) in recent environmental samples (plants, soil, water) collected close to the Baltic Sea. All these isotopic systems are influenced by the sea spray, either by the uptake of ions (HCO3-, SO42-, Sr2+) of marine origin, thus exhibiting a marine isotopic signature, or by biochemical reactions associated with, e.g., salinity stress. A shift towards seawater values is observed for δ18Osulfate, δ34S, and 87Sr/86Sr. Cellulose becomes enriched in 13C and 18O due to sea spray, further enhanced (δ13Ccellulose) or mitigated (δ18Ocellulose) by salinity stress. The effect differs both regionally and seasonally, probably as a result of, e.g., differences in wind strength or prevailing wind direction, as well as between plants collected only few meters apart, in either the open field or at more wind-protected sites, reflecting samples more or less influenced by sea spray. The stable isotope data of recent environmental samples are compared to previously analyzed archaeological bone samples of animals from the Viking Haithabu and Early Medieval Schleswig sites located close to the Baltic Sea. Potential regions of origin can be predicted based on the magnitude of the (recent) local sea spray effect. This enables the identification of probably non-local individuals. The insights into sea spray mechanisms, biochemical reactions in plants, as well as seasonal, regional, and small-scale differences in stable isotope data will help to interpret multi-isotope fingerprints at coastal sites. Our study demonstrates the usefulness of environmental samples for bioarchaeological studies. Moreover, the detected seasonal and small-scale differences require adjusted sampling strategies for, e.g., isotopic baselines in coastal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Göhring
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Faculty of Biology, Department of Biology I, Anthropology and Human Genomics, Großhaderner Straße 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Stefan Hölzl
- RiesKraterMuseum Nördlingen, Eugene-Shoemaker-Platz 1, 86720 Nördlingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Mayr
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute of Geography, Wetterkreuz 15, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Faculty of Geosciences, Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Richard-Wagner-Straße 10, 80333 Munich, Germany; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, GeoBio-Center, Richard-Wagner-Straße 10, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Harald Strauss
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Corrensstr. 24, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Göhring A, Hölzl S, Mayr C, Strauss H. Identification and quantification of the sea spray effect on isotopic systems in α-cellulose (δ 13C, δ 18O), total sulfur (δ 34S), and 87Sr/ 86Sr of European beach grass (Ammophila arenaria, L.) in a greenhouse experiment. Sci Total Environ 2023; 856:158840. [PMID: 36122729 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The sea spray effect can severely influence the isotopic signature of terrestrial individuals in coastal regions. To further specify this effect, beach grass was grown in a greenhouse under controlled environmental conditions and sprayed with mineral salt solution containing different mineral salts but only traces of NaCl (group 1). Another group of plants was sprayed with salty water from the Schlei inlet and the Baltic Sea, respectively (group 2). Control plants were only sprayed with tap water. Isotope analyses were conducted on the unwashed and washed plants (δ13Ccellulose, δ18Ocellulose, δ34Stotal S, 87Sr/86Sr), soil (δ18Osulfate, δ34Ssulfate, 87Sr/86Sr), and spray as well as irrigation water (δ18Osulfate, δ34Ssulfate, 87Sr/86Sr). Moreover, elemental analyses were performed on the water samples. The sea spray effect was visible in all isotopic systems under study. The uptake of SO42-, HCO3-, and Sr2+ directly affected plants of group 1, while plants of group 2, sprayed with salty water, additionally showed salinity stress in the case of α-cellulose and total sulfur due to biochemical reactions of the plants. Very high concentrations in HCO3- or SO42- also affected the plants' isotopic signatures. The impact of the sea spray and additional stress reactions were quantified. Our study is the first experiment creating an artificial sea spray effect in a greenhouse. This experiment for the first time enables the identification and quantification of the sea spray effect in environmental samples. The marine signature taken up by the plants and recorded by the investigated isotopic systems is apparently high and should have an impact on the isotopic fingerprints of animal consumers at the coast, as evidenced for archaeological animals from the Viking Haithabu and the early medieval Schleswig sites located close to the Baltic Sea. This result demonstrates the potential of greenhouse experiments as an isotopic predictor of the past local sea spray effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Göhring
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Faculty of Biology, Department of Biology I, Anthropology and Human Genomics, Großhaderner Straße 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Stefan Hölzl
- RiesKraterMuseum Nördlingen, Eugene-Shoemaker-Platz 1, 86720 Nördlingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Mayr
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute of Geography, Wetterkreuz 15, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Faculty of Geosciences, Department of Earth and Environmental Studies and GeoBio-Center, Richard-Wagner-Straße 10, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Harald Strauss
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Corrensstr. 24, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Swanner ED, Wüstner M, Leung T, Pust J, Fatka M, Lambrecht N, Chmiel HE, Strauss H. Seasonal phytoplankton and geochemical shifts in the subsurface chlorophyll maximum layer of a dimictic ferruginous lake. Microbiologyopen 2022; 11:e1287. [PMID: 35765183 PMCID: PMC9108440 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Subsurface chlorophyll maxima layers (SCML) are ubiquitous features of stratified aquatic systems. Availability of the micronutrient iron is known to influence marine SCML, but iron has not been explored in detail as a factor in the development of freshwater SCML. This study investigates the relationship between dissolved iron and the SCML within the dimictic, ferruginous lake Grosses Heiliges Meer in northern Germany. The occurrence of the SCML under nonferruginous conditions in the spring and ferruginous conditions in the fall are context to explore temporal changes in the phytoplankton community and indicators of primary productivity. Results indicate that despite more abundant chlorophyll in the spring, the SCML sits below a likely primary productivity maximum within the epilimnion, inferred based on colocated dissolved oxygen, δ13 CDIC , and pH maxima. The peak amount of chlorophyll in the SCML is lower in the fall than in the spring, but in the fall the SCML is colocated with elevated dissolved iron concentrations and a local δ13 CDIC maximum. Cyanobacteria and Chlorophyta have elevated abundances within the SCML in the fall. Further investigation of the relationship of iron to primary productivity within ferruginous SCML may help to understand the environmental controls on primary productivity in past ferruginous oceans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina Wüstner
- Center for Applied GeoscienceUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Tania Leung
- Department of Geological & Atmospheric SciencesIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
| | - Jürgen Pust
- Naturschutzgebietes Heiliges MeerLandschaftsverband Westfalen‐Lippe (LWL) Museum für NaturkundeReckeGermany
| | - Micah Fatka
- Department of Geological & Atmospheric SciencesIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
| | - Nick Lambrecht
- Department of Geological & Atmospheric SciencesIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
| | - Hannah E. Chmiel
- Environmental Engineering InstituteÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Harald Strauss
- Institute for Geology and PaleontologyUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
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Kümmel S, Horst A, Gelman F, Strauss H, Richnow HH, Gehre M. Simultaneous Compound-Specific Analysis of δ 33S and δ 34S in Organic Compounds by GC-MC-ICPMS Using Medium- and Low-Mass-Resolution Modes. Anal Chem 2020; 92:14685-14692. [PMID: 33095571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Compound-specific isotope analysis of sulfur (δ34S-CSIA) in organic compounds was established in the last decade employing gas chromatography connected to multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (GC-MC-ICPMS). However, δ33S-CSIA has not yet been reported so far. In this study, we present a method for the simultaneous determination of δ33S and δ34S in organic compounds by GC-MC-ICPMS applying medium- and also low-mass-resolution modes. The method was validated using the international isotope reference materials IAEA-S-1, IAEA-S-2, and IAEA-S-3. Overall analytical uncertainty including normalization and reproducibility for δ33S and δ34S was usually better than ±0.2 mUr (σ) for analytes containing at least 100 pmol of S. Further, it is demonstrated that, despite small isobaric interferences, results obtained at low mass resolution are indistinguishable from medium mass resolution offering the benefit of increased sensitivity and versatility of this method. Additionally, the method was applied for the δ33S and δ34S isotope analysis of industrially produced organic compounds to investigate potential mass-independent fractionation (MIF). The relation between δ34S and δ33S in these compounds followed a mass-dependent fractionation trend (MDF; Δ33S ≤ ±0.2 mUr). Degradation of dimethyl disulfide by direct photolysis caused a small but significant MIF (Δ33S = 0.55 ± 0.04 mUr, n = 3), demonstrating sufficient sensitivity of the method for these types of studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Kümmel
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Axel Horst
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Faina Gelman
- Geological Survey of Israel, 32 Yesha'ayahu Leibowitz Street, Jerusalem 9692100, Israel
| | - Harald Strauss
- Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 24, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hans H Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Gehre
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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Liebrich M, Schlereth S, Roser D, Strauss H, Merk DR, Hupp T, Doll N, Voth V, Hemmer W. Hans Georg Borst Preis: Midterm Results with the Frozen-Elephant Trunk Technique (E-vita Open) in Thoracic Aortic Disease: A Single-Center Experience in 199 Patients. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Peters M, Guo Q, Strauss H, Wei R, Li S, Yue F. Contamination patterns in river water from rural Beijing: A hydrochemical and multiple stable isotope study. Sci Total Environ 2019; 654:226-236. [PMID: 30445324 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The pollution of urban river has reached a critical level. In the present study, the hydrochemical composition of local surface water collected during two seasons from the rural area around urban Beijing, China, was examined. Concentrations of selected cations and anions reveal the temporal and spatial distribution of anthropogenic and natural pollution. Multiple stable isotopes (δ15Nnitrate, δ18Onitrate, δ34Ssulfate, δ18Osulfate, Δ33Ssulfate) analyses were applied for detecting of specific hydrochemical processes and identifying the major sources of contamination. Twenty-eight percent of the river water samples from the wet season and 34% from the dry season exhibit a minor water quality of class IV (poor) and below due to high pH values as well as high nitrate, sulfate and fluoride concentrations. This water is hazardous for human health and the aquatic ecology. The seemingly better river water quality in the wet season is caused by higher precipitation and, hence, dilution of the water constituents. Multiple isotopes identify urban wastewater as the prime pollution source. The higher fraction of deteriorated river water in the southern rural area (42%) compared to the north (24%) points to a higher contribution of urban effluents to the downstream rivers in the rural south. It can, thus, be concluded that less discharge of wastewater to the local surface and subsurface environments by better controls of public and private sewage disposal combined with the renewal of leaking sewer pipes would reduce the risk of anthropogenic contamination of river water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Peters
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qingjun Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Harald Strauss
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Corrensstr. 24, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Rongfei Wei
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Siliang Li
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Fujun Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
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Kong J, Guo Q, Wei R, Strauss H, Zhu G, Li S, Song Z, Chen T, Song B, Zhou T, Zheng G. Contamination of heavy metals and isotopic tracing of Pb in surface and profile soils in a polluted farmland from a typical karst area in southern China. Sci Total Environ 2018; 637-638:1035-1045. [PMID: 29801199 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Farmland top soils and soil profiles situated in the karst area of Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southern China, reveal different degrees of heavy metal pollution, both in respect to the lateral as well as the vertical dimension. Pb isotope ratios clearly identify that heavy metal contributions to the soil represent the legacy of former Pb-Zn mining and smelting in the area. Depending upon soil properties, differences in the intensity of the vertical penetration of heavy metal pollution are discernible. Top soil coverage by local farmers provides little remediation. Consequently, hazardous conditions for the regional ecology, for agricultural usage and ultimately for human health remain in place. Based on chemical and isotopic results obtained, more effective remediation strategies need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Kong
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingjun Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Rongfei Wei
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Harald Strauss
- Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 24, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Guangxu Zhu
- College of Biology and Environment Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
| | - Siliang Li
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhaoliang Song
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tongbin Chen
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bo Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Guodi Zheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Strauss H, Zaret B, Pieri P, Lahiri A. Studies on the velocity of blood flow. J Nucl Cardiol 2018; 25:12-13. [PMID: 29214610 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-017-1130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Strauss
- Nuclear Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
| | - Barry Zaret
- Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Avijit Lahiri
- Clinical Imaging and Research Centre, Wellington Hospital, London, UK
- British Cardiac Research Trust, London, UK
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Lin Z, Sun X, Peckmann J, Lu Y, Strauss H, Xu L, Lu H, Teichert BMA. Preparation of Authigenic Pyrite from Methane-bearing Sediments for In Situ Sulfur Isotope Analysis Using SIMS. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28892022 DOI: 10.3791/55970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Different sulfur isotope compositions of authigenic pyrite typically result from the sulfate-driven anaerobic oxidation of methane (SO4-AOM) and organiclastic sulfate reduction (OSR) in marine sediments. However, unravelling the complex pyritization sequence is a challenge because of the coexistence of different sequentially formed pyrite phases. This manuscript describes a sample preparation procedure that enables the use of secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) to obtain in situ δ34S values of various pyrite generations. This allows researchers to constrain how SO4-AOM affects pyritization in methane-bearing sediments. SIMS analysis revealed an extreme range in δ34S values, spanning from -41.6 to +114.8‰, which is much wider than the range of δ34S values obtained by the traditional bulk sulfur isotope analysis of the same samples. Pyrite in the shallow sediment mainly consists of 34S-depleted framboids, suggesting early diagenetic formation by OSR. Deeper in the sediment, more pyrite occurs as overgrowths and euhedral crystals, which display much higher SIMS δ34S values than the framboids. Such 34S-enriched pyrite is related to enhanced SO4-AOM at the sulfate-methane transition zone, postdating OSR. High-resolution in situ SIMS sulfur isotope analyses allow for the reconstruction of the pyritization processes, which cannot be resolved by bulk sulfur isotope analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Lin
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University; School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering; South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center;
| | | | - Yang Lu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering
| | - Harald Strauss
- Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
| | - Li Xu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering
| | | | - Barbara M A Teichert
- Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
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Han X, Guo Q, Strauss H, Liu C, Hu J, Guo Z, Wei R, Peters M, Tian L, Kong J. Multiple Sulfur Isotope Constraints on Sources and Formation Processes of Sulfate in Beijing PM 2.5 Aerosol. Environ Sci Technol 2017; 51:7794-7803. [PMID: 28605583 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently air pollution is seriously threatening the health of millions of people in China. The multiple sulfur isotopic composition of sulfate in PM2.5 samples collected in Beijing is used to better constrain potential sources and formation processes of sulfate aerosol. The Δ33S values of sulfate in PM2.5 show a pronounced seasonality with positive values in spring, summer and autumn and negative values in winter. Positive Δ33S anomalies are interpreted to result from SO2 photolysis with self-shielding, and may reflect air mass transport between the troposphere and the stratosphere. The negative Δ33S signature (-0.300‰ < Δ33S < 0‰) in winter is possibly related to incomplete combustion of coal in residential stoves during the heating season, implying that sulfur dioxide released from residential stoves in more rural areas is an important contributor to atmospheric sulfate. However, negative Δ33S anomalies (-0.664‰ < Δ33S ← 0.300‰) in winter and positive Δ33S anomalies (0.300‰ < Δ33S < 0.480‰) in spring, summer, and autumn suggest sulfur isotopic equilibrium on an annual time frame, which may provide an implication for the absence of mass-independent fractionation of sulfur isotopes (S-MIF) in younger sediments. Results obtained here reveal that reducing the usage of coal and improving the heating system in rural areas will be important for efficiently decreasing the emissions of sulfur in China and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Han
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qingjun Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Harald Strauss
- Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstrasse 24, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Congqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guiyang Guizhou 550002, China
| | - Jian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guiyang Guizhou 550002, China
| | - Zhaobing Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology , Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Rongfei Wei
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Marc Peters
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liyan Tian
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jing Kong
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, China
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Han X, Guo Q, Liu C, Strauss H, Yang J, Hu J, Wei R, Tian L, Kong J, Peters M. Effect of the pollution control measures on PM 2.5 during the 2015 China Victory Day Parade: Implication from water-soluble ions and sulfur isotope. Environ Pollut 2016; 218:230-241. [PMID: 27423498 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution by particulate matter is a serious problem in Beijing. Strict pollution control measures have been carried out in Beijing prior to and during the 2015 China Victory Day Parade in order to improve air quality. This distinct event provides an excellent opportunity for investigating the impact of such measures on the chemical properties of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5). The water-soluble ions as well as sulfur and oxygen isotopes of sulfate in PM2.5 collected between August 19 and September 18, 2015 (n = 31) were analyzed in order to trace the sources and formation processes of PM2.5 in Beijing. The results exhibit a decrease in concentration of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 including aerosol sulfate. In contrast, the mean values of δ34Ssulfate (4.7 ± 0.8‰ vs. 5.0 ± 2.0‰) and δ18Osulfate (18.3 ± 2.3‰ vs. 17.2 ± 6.0) in PM2.5 during the air pollution control period and the non-source control period exhibit no significant differences, which suggests that despite a reduction in concentration, the sulfate source remains identical for the two periods. It is inferred that the decrease in concentration of sulfate in PM2.5 mainly results from variations in air mass transport. Notably, the air mass during the pollution control period originated mainly from north and northeast and changed to southerly directions thereafter. The sulfur and oxygen isotopes of the sulfate point to coal combustion as the major source of sulfate in PM2.5 from the Beijing area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Han
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingjun Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Congqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang Guizhou 550002, China
| | - Harald Strauss
- Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 24, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Junxing Yang
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang Guizhou 550002, China
| | - Rongfei Wei
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liyan Tian
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Kong
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Marc Peters
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Duda JP, Van Kranendonk MJ, Thiel V, Ionescu D, Strauss H, Schäfer N, Reitner J. A Rare Glimpse of Paleoarchean Life: Geobiology of an Exceptionally Preserved Microbial Mat Facies from the 3.4 Ga Strelley Pool Formation, Western Australia. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147629. [PMID: 26807732 PMCID: PMC4726515 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Paleoarchean rocks from the Pilbara Craton of Western Australia provide a variety of clues to the existence of early life on Earth, such as stromatolites, putative microfossils and geochemical signatures of microbial activity. However, some of these features have also been explained by non-biological processes. Further lines of evidence are therefore required to convincingly argue for the presence of microbial life. Here we describe a new type of microbial mat facies from the 3.4 Ga Strelley Pool Formation, which directly overlies well known stromatolitic carbonates from the same formation. This microbial mat facies consists of laminated, very fine-grained black cherts with discontinuous white quartz layers and lenses, and contains small domical stromatolites and wind-blown crescentic ripples. Light- and cathodoluminescence microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and time of flight—secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) reveal a spatial association of carbonates, organic material, and highly abundant framboidal pyrite within the black cherts. Nano secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) confirmed the presence of distinct spheroidal carbonate bodies up to several tens of μm that are surrounded by organic material and pyrite. These aggregates are interpreted as biogenic. Comparison with Phanerozoic analogues indicates that the facies represents microbial mats formed in a shallow marine environment. Carbonate precipitation and silicification by hydrothermal fluids occurred during sedimentation and earliest diagenesis. The deciphered environment, as well as the δ13C signature of bulk organic matter (-35.3‰), are in accord with the presence of photoautotrophs. At the same time, highly abundant framboidal pyrite exhibits a sulfur isotopic signature (δ34S = +3.05‰; Δ33S = 0.268‰; and Δ36S = -0.282‰) that is consistent with microbial sulfate reduction. Taken together, our results strongly support a microbial mat origin of the black chert facies, thus providing another line of evidence for life in the 3.4 Ga Strelley Pool Formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Peter Duda
- Department of Geobiology, Geoscience Centre, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Goldschmidtstr. 3, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- ‘Origin of Life’ Group, Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Theaterstraße 7, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Martin J. Van Kranendonk
- Australian Centre for Astrobiology and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Volker Thiel
- Department of Geobiology, Geoscience Centre, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Goldschmidtstr. 3, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Danny Ionescu
- Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Alte Fischerhütte 2, 16775, Stechlin, Germany
| | - Harald Strauss
- Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 24, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Nadine Schäfer
- Department of Geobiology, Geoscience Centre, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Goldschmidtstr. 3, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Joachim Reitner
- Department of Geobiology, Geoscience Centre, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Goldschmidtstr. 3, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- ‘Origin of Life’ Group, Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Theaterstraße 7, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
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Böttcher ME, Fiebig J, Strauss H. Tales of mystery and imagination in stable isotope geochemistry: celebrating the 75th birthday of Jochen Hoefs. Isotopes Environ Health Stud 2016; 52:1-11. [PMID: 27002599 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2015.1114934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We celebrate the contribution of Jochen Hoefs to the development of stable isotope (bio)geochemistry on the occasion of his 75th birthday.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Böttcher
- a Geochemistry & Isotope Biogeochemistry Group, Department of Marine Geology , Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research , Warnemünde , Germany
| | - Jens Fiebig
- b Institut für Geowissenschaften, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt , Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Harald Strauss
- c Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität , Münster , Germany
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Schobben M, Stebbins A, Ghaderi A, Strauss H, Korn D, Korte C. Eutrophication, microbial-sulfate reduction and mass extinctions. Commun Integr Biol 2015; 9:e1115162. [PMID: 27066181 PMCID: PMC4802792 DOI: 10.1080/19420889.2015.1115162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In post-Cambrian time, life on Earth experienced 5 major extinction events, likely instigated by adverse environmental conditions. Biodiversity loss among marine taxa, for at least 3 of these mass extinction events (Late Devonian, end-Permian and end-Triassic), has been connected with widespread oxygen-depleted and sulfide-bearing marine water. Furthermore, geochemical and sedimentary evidence suggest that these events correlate with rather abrupt climate warming and possibly increased terrestrial weathering. This suggests that biodiversity loss may be triggered by mechanisms intrinsic to the Earth system, notably, the biogeochemical sulfur and carbon cycle. This climate warming feedback produces large-scale eutrophication on the continental shelf, which, in turn, expands oxygen minimum zones by increased respiration, which can turn to a sulfidic state by increased microbial-sulfate reduction due to increased availability of organic matter. A plankton community turnover from a high-diversity eukaryote to high-biomass bacterial dominated food web is the catalyst proposed in this anoxia-extinction scenario and stands in stark contrast to the postulated productivity collapse suggested for the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. This cascade of events is relevant for the future ocean under predicted greenhouse driven climate change. The exacerbation of anoxic "dead" zones is already progressing in modern oceanic environments, and this is likely to increase due to climate induced continental weathering and resulting eutrophication of the oceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schobben
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung , Berlin, Germany
| | - Alan Stebbins
- School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts Boston , Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abbas Ghaderi
- Department of Geology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , Mashhad, Iran
| | - Harald Strauss
- Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Münster, Germany
| | - Dieter Korn
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung , Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Korte
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, Denmark
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Strauss H, Chmiel H, Christ A, Fugmann A, Hanselmann K, Kappler A, Königer P, Lutter A, Siedenberg K, Teichert BMA. Multiple sulphur and oxygen isotopes reveal microbial sulphur cycling in spring waters in the Lower Engadin, Switzerland. Isotopes Environ Health Stud 2015; 52:75-93. [PMID: 25922968 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2015.1032961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Highly mineralized springs in the Scuol-Tarasp area of the Lower Engadin and in the Albula Valley near Alvaneu, Switzerland, display distinct differences with respect to the source and fate of their dissolved sulphur species. High sulphate concentrations and positive sulphur (δ(34)S) and oxygen (δ(18)O) isotopic compositions argue for the subsurface dissolution of Mesozoic evaporitic sulphate. In contrast, low sulphate concentrations and less positive or even negative δ(34)S and δ(18)O values indicate a substantial contribution of sulphate sulphur from the oxidation of sulphides in the crystalline basement rocks or the Jurassic sedimentary cover rocks. Furthermore, multiple sulphur (δ(34)S, Δ(33)S) isotopes support the identification of microbial sulphate reduction and sulphide oxidation in the subsurface, the latter is also evident through the presence of thick aggregates of sulphide-oxidizing Thiothrix bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Strauss
- a Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Münster , Germany
| | - Hannah Chmiel
- a Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Münster , Germany
- b Limnology Department , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Andreas Christ
- a Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Münster , Germany
| | - Artur Fugmann
- a Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Münster , Germany
| | - Kurt Hanselmann
- c Department of Earth Sciences, Geomicrobiology Group , ETHZ , Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Andreas Kappler
- d Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences , University of Tuebingen , Tuebingen , Germany
| | - Paul Königer
- e Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe , Hannover , Germany
| | - Andreas Lutter
- a Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Münster , Germany
| | - Katharina Siedenberg
- a Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Münster , Germany
| | - Barbara M A Teichert
- a Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Münster , Germany
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Eickmann B, Thorseth IH, Peters M, Strauss H, Bröcker M, Pedersen RB. Barite in hydrothermal environments as a recorder of subseafloor processes: a multiple-isotope study from the Loki's Castle vent field. Geobiology 2014; 12:308-321. [PMID: 24725254 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Barite chimneys are known to form in hydrothermal systems where barium-enriched fluids generated by leaching of the oceanic basement are discharged and react with seawater sulfate. They also form at cold seeps along continental margins, where marine (or pelagic) barite in the sediments is remobilized because of subseafloor microbial sulfate reduction. We test the possibility of using multiple sulfur isotopes (δ34S, Δ33S, ∆36S) of barite to identify microbial sulfate reduction in a hydrothermal system. In addition to multiple sulfur isotopes, we present oxygen (δ18O) and strontium (87Sr/86Sr) isotopes for one of numerous barite chimneys in a low-temperature (~20 °C) venting area of the Loki's Castle black smoker field at the ultraslow-spreading Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge (AMOR). The chemistry of the venting fluids in the barite field identifies a contribution of at least 10% of high-temperature black smoker fluid, which is corroborated by 87Sr/86 Sr ratios in the barite chimney that are less radiogenic than in seawater. In contrast, oxygen and multiple sulfur isotopes indicate that the fluid from which the barite precipitated contained residual sulfate that was affected by microbial sulfate reduction. A sulfate reduction zone at this site is further supported by the multiple sulfur isotopic composition of framboidal pyrite in the flow channel of the barite chimney and in the hydrothermal sediments in the barite field, as well as by low SO4 and elevated H2S concentrations in the venting fluids compared with conservative mixing values. We suggest that the mixing of ascending H2- and CH4-rich high-temperature fluids with percolating seawater fuels microbial sulfate reduction, which is subsequently recorded by barite formed at the seafloor in areas where the flow rate is sufficient. Thus, low-temperature precipitates in hydrothermal systems are promising sites to explore the interactions between the geosphere and biosphere in order to evaluate the microbial impact on these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Eickmann
- Department of Earth Science, Centre for Geobiology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Liebrich M, Roser D, Maletskidis C, Walle U, Czesla M, Strauss H, Tzanavaros I, Weimar T, Doll KN, Hemmer W. Hybrid endovascular prosthesis in complex thoracic aortic disease: A tool that really matters or just a toy? Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Betzenberger A, Geldner G, Hintzenstern UV, Keller A, Kretschmer R, Kusche D, Lichy G, Maschke RP, Neumann C, Pohlplatz J, Reuß J, Sasse J, Schwalbe H, Strauss H, Vahrenholt J. Arbeitstechniken. Notarzt-Leitfaden 2014. [PMCID: PMC7158177 DOI: 10.1016/b978-3-437-22464-5.00002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Perner M, Hansen M, Seifert R, Strauss H, Koschinsky A, Petersen S. Linking geology, fluid chemistry, and microbial activity of basalt- and ultramafic-hosted deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments. Geobiology 2013; 11:340-355. [PMID: 23647923 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal fluids passing through basaltic rocks along mid-ocean ridges are known to be enriched in sulfide, while those circulating through ultramafic mantle rocks are typically elevated in hydrogen. Therefore, it has been estimated that the maximum energy in basalt-hosted systems is available through sulfide oxidation and in ultramafic-hosted systems through hydrogen oxidation. Furthermore, thermodynamic models suggest that the greatest biomass potential arises from sulfide oxidation in basalt-hosted and from hydrogen oxidation in ultramafic-hosted systems. We tested these predictions by measuring biological sulfide and hydrogen removal and subsequent autotrophic CO2 fixation in chemically distinct hydrothermal fluids from basalt-hosted and ultramafic-hosted vents. We found a large potential of microbial hydrogen oxidation in naturally hydrogen-rich (ultramafic-hosted) but also in naturally hydrogen-poor (basalt-hosted) hydrothermal fluids. Moreover, hydrogen oxidation-based primary production proved to be highly attractive under our incubation conditions regardless whether hydrothermal fluids from ultramafic-hosted or basalt-hosted sites were used. Site-specific hydrogen and sulfide availability alone did not appear to determine whether hydrogen or sulfide oxidation provides the energy for primary production by the free-living microbes in the tested hydrothermal fluids. This suggests that more complex features (e.g., a combination of oxygen, temperature, biological interactions) may play a role for determining which energy source is preferably used in chemically distinct hydrothermal vent biotopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Perner
- Molecular Biology of Microbial Consortia, Biocenter Klein Flottbek, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
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Guo Q, Strauss H, Chen TB, Zhu G, Yang J, Yang J, Lei M, Zhou X, Peters M, Xie Y, Zhang H, Wei R, Wang C. Tracing the source of Beijing soil organic carbon: a carbon isotope approach. Environ Pollut 2013; 176:208-214. [PMID: 23434575 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Bulk soil organic carbon concentration and isotopic composition characterize its sources and fate, identify the anthropogenic input of organic carbon into the soil, and trace soil carbon turnover. Coal and/or coal combustion products represent the prime anthropogenic input of organic carbon into three soil profiles located in the vicinity of a steel company. Three profiles positioned away from any direct industrial contribution display vertical pattern in soil organic carbon concentration and isotopic composition that resemble more commonly observed downward gradients in soil carbon chemistry and indicate microbial soil carbon turnover. Two additional profiles located outside of the immediate industrial area display vertical carbon isotope profiles between typical of those from industrial and non-industrial areas. Eight soil profiles and their vertical distribution of bulk organic carbon isotopic composition and concentration collected in the Beijing area reveal and distinguish both anthropogenic and natural contributions of carbon to these soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjun Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Strauss H. [Diagnosis and internal medicine therapy of duodenal ulcer. H. Strauss. 1913]. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes 2013; 107:418-420. [PMID: 24205513 DOI: 10.1016/j.zefq.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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Thiel V, Hügler M, Blümel M, Baumann HI, Gärtner A, Schmaljohann R, Strauss H, Garbe-Schönberg D, Petersen S, Cowart DA, Fisher CR, Imhoff JF. Widespread occurrence of two carbon fixation pathways in tubeworm endosymbionts: lessons from hydrothermal vent associated tubeworms from the mediterranean sea. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:423. [PMID: 23248622 PMCID: PMC3522073 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Vestimentiferan tubeworms (siboglinid polychetes) of the genus Lamellibrachia are common members of cold seep faunal communities and have also been found at sedimented hydrothermal vent sites in the Pacific. As they lack a digestive system, they are nourished by chemoautotrophic bacterial endosymbionts growing in a specialized tissue called the trophosome. Here we present the results of investigations of tubeworms and endosymbionts from a shallow hydrothermal vent field in the Western Mediterranean Sea. The tubeworms, which are the first reported vent-associated tubeworms outside the Pacific, are identified as Lamellibrachia anaximandri using mitochondrial ribosomal and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene sequences. They harbor a single gammaproteobacterial endosymbiont. Carbon isotopic data, as well as the analysis of genes involved in carbon and sulfur metabolism indicate a sulfide-oxidizing chemoautotrophic endosymbiont. The detection of a hydrogenase gene fragment suggests the potential for hydrogen oxidation as alternative energy source. Surprisingly, the endosymbiont harbors genes for two different carbon fixation pathways, the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle as well as the reductive tricarboxylic acid (rTCA) cycle, as has been reported for the endosymbiont of the vent tubeworm Riftia pachyptila. In addition to RubisCO genes we detected ATP citrate lyase (ACL – the key enzyme of the rTCA cycle) type II gene sequences using newly designed primer sets. Comparative investigations with additional tubeworm species (Lamellibrachia luymesi, Lamellibrachia sp. 1, Lamellibrachia sp. 2, Escarpia laminata, Seepiophila jonesi) from multiple cold seep sites in the Gulf of Mexico revealed the presence of acl genes in these species as well. Thus, our study suggests that the presence of two different carbon fixation pathways, the CBB cycle and the rTCA cycle, is not restricted to the Riftia endosymbiont, but rather might be common in vestimentiferan tubeworm endosymbionts, regardless of the habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Thiel
- GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel, Germany
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Strauss H, Bast R, Cording A, Diekrup D, Fugmann A, Garbe-Schönberg D, Lutter A, Oeser M, Rabe K, Reinke D, Teichert BMA, Westernströer U. Sulphur diagenesis in the sediments of the Kiel Bight, SW Baltic Sea, as reflected by multiple stable sulphur isotopes. Isotopes Environ Health Stud 2012; 48:166-179. [PMID: 22303924 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2012.648930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the biogeochemistry of marine sediments from the Kiel Bight, coastal SW Baltic Sea, is studied based on the abundance and isotopic composition of organic carbon and different forms of sedimentary sulphur. Active bacterial sulphate reduction, partly under sulphate-limiting conditions, is evident from paired δ(34)S and δ(18)O values of pore water sulphate. The resulting pore water sulphide is partly precipitated as acid-volatile iron sulphide and subsequently forms sedimentary pyrite, partly serves in later diagenetic sulphurisation of organic matter, or remains dissolved in the pore water, all evident from the respective δ(34)S values. Microbial sulphate turnover is associated with an apparent isotopic fractionation between dissolved sulphate and dissolved sulphide (Δ(34)S) that varies between 46 and 66‰.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Strauss
- Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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Cohen O, Zangen A, Amiaz R, Yahalom G, Nitsan Z, Ephraty L, Orlev Y, Kozlova E, Strauss H, Hassin-Baer S. 2.294 LOW FREQUENCY REPETITIVE DEEP TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION IMPROVES MOTOR PERFORMANCE IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON'S DISEASE. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(11)70617-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Yahalom G, Kaplan N, Vituri A, Cohen O, Inzelberg R, Strauss H, Kozlova E, Orlev Y, Korczyn A, Rosset S, Hassin-Baer S. 3.049 LEVODOPA-INDUCED DYSKINESIA IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE PATIENTS CARRYING THE LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT KINASE 2 (LRRK2) G2019S MUTATION. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(11)70785-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Perner M, Hentscher M, Rychlik N, Seifert R, Strauss H, Bach W. Driving forces behind the biotope structures in two low-temperature hydrothermal venting sites on the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Environ Microbiol Rep 2011; 3:727-737. [PMID: 23761363 DOI: 10.1111/j.1758-2229.2011.00291.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Although it has been more than 30 years since the discovery of deep-sea hydrothermal vents, comprehending the interconnections between hydrothermal venting and microbial life remains a challenge. Here we investigate abiotic-biotic linkages in low-temperature hydrothermal biotopes at Desperate and Lilliput on the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Both sites are basalt-hosted and fluids exhibit the expected chemical signatures. However, contrasting crustal permeabilities have been proposed, supporting pervasive mixing at Desperate but restricting circulation at Lilliput. In Desperate fluids, sulfide and O2 were readily available but H2 hardly detectable. Under incubation conditions (oxic unamended, sulfide-spiked, oxic and anoxic H2 -spiked at 18°C), only sulfide oxidation by Thiomicrospira fuelled biomass synthesis. Microbial phylogenies from Desperate incubation experiments resembled those of the natural samples suggesting that the incubation conditions mimicked the environment. In Lilliput fluids, O2 was limited, whereas sulfide and H2 were enriched. Autotrophy appeared to be stimulated by residual sulfide and by amended H2 . Yet, based on bacterial phylogenies only conditions in anoxic H2 -spiked Lilliput incubations appeared similar to parts of the Lilliput habitat. In anoxic H2 -spiked Lilliput enrichments Campylobacteraceae likely supported biomass production through H2 oxidation. We argue that the diverging circulation patterns arising from different subseafloor permeabilities act as major driving forces shaping these biotope structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Perner
- Molecular Biology of Microbial Consortia, University of Hamburg, Biocenter Klein Flottbek, Ohnhorststr. 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany. Department of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Klagenfurter Street 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany. Institute of Biogeochemistry and Marine Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Bundesstr. 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany. Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 24, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Guo QJ, Chen TB, Yang J, Strauss H, Lei M, Zhu GX, Li YM, Zhou XY, Li XY. [Identification of using organic carbon isotopic composition of soil pollution process]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2011; 32:3094-3098. [PMID: 22279929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study has taken advantage of the characteristics of concentration of soil organic matter (SOC) and delta13 C(SOC) values to provide proofs for environment quality assessment and to know more about polluted sources, sizes and processes in Beijing steel company area. delta13C values of SOC is good for tracing sources and documenting shifts in community composition and distribution. Two sections (Beijing steel company area and Yongledian, Tongzhou) which belong to two different soil types collected in Beijing, and organic carbon isotopic composition and total soil organic carbon were analyzed. These results shows that SOC of soil samples from Beijing steel company area are quite high, and even 9.7% at the surface sample, however SOC from unpolluted area (Yongledian area) is lower than those of industrial area. delta13 C(SOC) from soils of Beijing steel company area and Yongledian area respectively vary from -24.8 per thousand to -23.1 per thousand and -26.4 per thousand to -20.5 per thousand, the results are quite different. The results reflect that there are different organic carbon sources in different types' soil: Organic carbon from Beijing steel company area has been mainly affected by coal burning, soil organic carbon concentrations are quite high, and pollution can affect on soils 70 cm deep underground; and soils from Yongledian area, have been not polluted, and organic matter is from natural litter (C3 plants). Although there are different soil organic carbon concentrations and isotope compositions, two soil sections have similar variation trends. This study provides proofs for environment quality assessment and know more about polluted and natural sources, sizes in Beijing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Jun Guo
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Bedda W, Hemmer W, Schantz HE, Strauss H, Paula J, Doll N. A case of autograft endocarditis after Ross procedure, operate or not to operate? Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1269381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Strauss H. Ueber Indikationen und Kontraindikationen der Sigmoskopie1). Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1201866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Perner M, Bach W, Hentscher M, Koschinsky A, Garbe-Schönberg D, Streit WR, Strauss H. Short-term microbial and physico-chemical variability in low-temperature hydrothermal fluids near 5 degrees S on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Environ Microbiol 2009; 11:2526-41. [PMID: 19558512 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.01978.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the representativeness of low-temperature hydrothermal fluid samples with respect to their chemical and microbiological characteristics. Within this scope, we investigated short-term temporal chemical and microbial variability of the hydrothermal fluids. For this purpose we collected three fluid samples consecutively from the same spot at the Clueless field near 5 degrees S on the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge over a period of 50 min. During sampling, the temperature was monitored online. We measured fluid chemical parameters, characterized microbial community compositions and used statistical analyses to determine significant differences between the samples. Overall, the three fluid samples are more closely related to each other than to any other tested habitat. Therefore, on a broad scale, the three collected fluid samples can be regarded as habitat representatives. However, small differences are apparent between all samples. One of the Clueless samples even displayed significant differences (P-value < 0.01) to the other two Clueless samples. Our data suggest that the observed variations in fluid chemical and microbial compositions are not reflecting sampling artefacts but are related to short-term fluid variability due to dynamic subseafloor fluid mixing. Recorded temporal changes in fact reflect spatial heterogeneity found in the subsurface as the fluid flows through distinctive pathways. While conservative elements (Cl, Si, Na and K) indicate variable degrees of fluid-seawater mixing, reactive components, including Fe(II), O(2) and H(2)S, show that chemical and microbial reactions within the mixing zone further modify the emanating fluids on short-time scales. Fluids entrain microorganisms, which modify the chemical microenvironment within the subsurface biotopes. This is the first study focusing on short-term microbial variability linked to chemical changes in hydrothermal fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Perner
- Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, 22609 Hamburg, Germany.
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Strauss H. Zur Funktionsprüfung der Leber1). Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1128723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Emons G, Guenthert A, Thiel F, Camara O, Strauss H, Breitbach G, Koelbl H, Reimer T, Finas D, Rensing K. Results from a phase II study to assess the efficacy and tolerability of fulvestrant 250 mg/month as treatment of recurrent or metastatic endometrial carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.5532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
5532 Background: Fulvestrant (F) is a pure anti-estrogen with no agonistic action and no known adverse effects on the endometrium. This may be an advantage over tamoxifen, which has been successfully used in the treatment of hormone-receptor (HR) positive recurrent or metastatic endometrial carcinoma. Methods: This was an open label single-arm multicentre phase II study (AGO-Uterus 5) in patients with recurrent or metastatic endometrial carcinoma and measurable disease (RECIST). Pts. received monthly 250 mg F i.m. injections. The primary objective was clinical response after 3 injections, measured 4 weeks after injection 3 (ITT-pop.). Safety and tolerability were secondary endpoints. Results: Between March 2003 and May 2006, 35 pts. were included. Mean age was 70 years (range 45–83), first diagnosis was a mean 2.6 years ago, diagnosis of recurrence 10.2 months ago. 25 pts. (73.5%) had a FIGO 4B; 24 pts. (71%) had endometrioid cancer, 5 (15%) serous and 5 other carcinoma. All pts. had a positive ER and/or PgR status. 1 pt. had received no surgery for her disease; 21 pts. (61.8%) had prior radiotherapy; 13 pts. (38.2%) chemotherapy. 26 pts. were assessed as planned (ITT); 5 pts. received fewer than 3 injections, 4 pts. were not seen 4 weeks after inj. 3. Response to F was PR in 5 pts. (19.2%) and SD in 8 pts. (30.8%), adding up to a 50% disease control rate. 13 pts. had PD. Tolerability was good, no previously unknown side effects occurred. Conclusions: F showed encouraging response rates in our patient collective and was well tolerated. Further studies are warranted with F in HR pos. endometrial carcinoma. This study was supported by AstraZeneca. F is licensed for treatment of ER+, advanced breast cancer after an antioestrogen in postmenopausal women. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Emons
- George August University, Goettingen, Germany; University Hospitals Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany; Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany; Städisches Klinikum Neunkirchen, Neunkirchen, Germany; Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; University Women's Hospital, Rostock, Germany; University Hospitals of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany; University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - A. Guenthert
- George August University, Goettingen, Germany; University Hospitals Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany; Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany; Städisches Klinikum Neunkirchen, Neunkirchen, Germany; Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; University Women's Hospital, Rostock, Germany; University Hospitals of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany; University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - F. Thiel
- George August University, Goettingen, Germany; University Hospitals Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany; Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany; Städisches Klinikum Neunkirchen, Neunkirchen, Germany; Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; University Women's Hospital, Rostock, Germany; University Hospitals of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany; University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - O. Camara
- George August University, Goettingen, Germany; University Hospitals Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany; Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany; Städisches Klinikum Neunkirchen, Neunkirchen, Germany; Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; University Women's Hospital, Rostock, Germany; University Hospitals of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany; University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - H. Strauss
- George August University, Goettingen, Germany; University Hospitals Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany; Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany; Städisches Klinikum Neunkirchen, Neunkirchen, Germany; Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; University Women's Hospital, Rostock, Germany; University Hospitals of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany; University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - G. Breitbach
- George August University, Goettingen, Germany; University Hospitals Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany; Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany; Städisches Klinikum Neunkirchen, Neunkirchen, Germany; Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; University Women's Hospital, Rostock, Germany; University Hospitals of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany; University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - H. Koelbl
- George August University, Goettingen, Germany; University Hospitals Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany; Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany; Städisches Klinikum Neunkirchen, Neunkirchen, Germany; Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; University Women's Hospital, Rostock, Germany; University Hospitals of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany; University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - T. Reimer
- George August University, Goettingen, Germany; University Hospitals Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany; Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany; Städisches Klinikum Neunkirchen, Neunkirchen, Germany; Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; University Women's Hospital, Rostock, Germany; University Hospitals of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany; University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - D. Finas
- George August University, Goettingen, Germany; University Hospitals Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany; Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany; Städisches Klinikum Neunkirchen, Neunkirchen, Germany; Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; University Women's Hospital, Rostock, Germany; University Hospitals of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany; University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - K. Rensing
- George August University, Goettingen, Germany; University Hospitals Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany; Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany; Städisches Klinikum Neunkirchen, Neunkirchen, Germany; Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; University Women's Hospital, Rostock, Germany; University Hospitals of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany; University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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Canfield DE, Poulton SW, Knoll AH, Narbonne GM, Ross G, Goldberg T, Strauss H. Ferruginous conditions dominated later neoproterozoic deep-water chemistry. Science 2008; 321:949-52. [PMID: 18635761 DOI: 10.1126/science.1154499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Earth's surface chemical environment has evolved from an early anoxic condition to the oxic state we have today. Transitional between an earlier Proterozoic world with widespread deep-water anoxia and a Phanerozoic world with large oxygen-utilizing animals, the Neoproterozoic Era [1000 to 542 million years ago (Ma)] plays a key role in this history. The details of Neoproterozoic Earth surface oxygenation, however, remain unclear. We report that through much of the later Neoproterozoic (<742 +/- 6 Ma), anoxia remained widespread beneath the mixed layer of the oceans; deeper water masses were sometimes sulfidic but were mainly Fe2+-enriched. These ferruginous conditions marked a return to ocean chemistry not seen for more than one billion years of Earth history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald E Canfield
- Nordic Center for Earth Evolution and Institute of Biology, Campusvej 55, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark.
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Perner M, Kuever J, Seifert R, Pape T, Koschinsky A, Schmidt K, Strauss H, Imhoff JF. The influence of ultramafic rocks on microbial communities at the Logatchev hydrothermal field, located 15°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2007; 61:97-109. [PMID: 17506828 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00325.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultramafic-hosted Logatchev hydrothermal field (LHF) on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is characterized by high hydrogen and methane contents in the subseafloor, which support a specialized microbial community of phylogenetically diverse, hydrogen-oxidizing chemolithoautotrophs. We compared the prokaryotic communities of three sites located in the LHF and encountered a predominance of archaeal sequences affiliated with methanogenic Methanococcales at all three. However, the bacterial composition varied in accordance with differences in fluid chemistry between the three sites investigated. An increase in hydrogen seemed to coincide with the diversification of hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria. This might indicate that the host rock indirectly selects this specific group of bacteria. However, next to hydrogen availability further factors are evident (e.g. mixing of hot reduced hydrothermal fluids with cold oxygenated seawater), which have a significant impact on the distribution of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Perner
- Marine Microbiology, IFM-GEOMAR, Duesternbrooker Weg, Kiel, Germany
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