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Pinchuk I, Leventhal BL, Akiyama T, Berger H, Bobolakis IS, Brendel RW, Catthoor K, Chihai J, Chkonia E, Dom G, Dudek D, James A, Javed A, Kupchik M, Mazaliauskiene R, Mohr P, Lien L, Lakra V, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Seifritz E, Szekeres G, Skokauskas N. The price of peace in our time. World Psychiatry 2023; 22:337-338. [PMID: 37159375 PMCID: PMC10168169 DOI: 10.1002/wps.21109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Pinchuk
- Ukrainian Psychiatric Association, Institute of Psychiatry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Tsuyoshi Akiyama
- International Committee, Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology; NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Jana Chihai
- Society of Psychiatrists, Narcologists, Psychotherapists and Clinical Psychologists, Republic of Moldova
| | | | - Geert Dom
- European Psychiatric Association, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Marina Kupchik
- Israel Psychiatric Association; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Pavel Mohr
- Czech Psychiatric Association; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic; 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lars Lien
- Norwegian Psychiatric Association, Inland University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Vinay Lakra
- Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists
| | | | - Erich Seifritz
- Board Member, Swiss Society of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy
| | | | - Norbert Skokauskas
- WPA Section on Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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2
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Hiersch L, Shah BR, Berger H, Geary M, McDonald SD, Murray-Davis B, Guan J, Halperin I, Retnakaran R, Barrett J, Melamed N. DEVELOPING twin-specific 75-g oral glucose tolerance test diagnostic thresholds for gestational diabetes based on the risk of future maternal diabetes: a population-based cohort study. BJOG 2021; 128:1975-1985. [PMID: 34032350 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop twin-specific outcome-based oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) diagnostic thresholds for GDM based on the risk of future maternal type-2 diabetes. DESIGN A population-based retrospective cohort study (2007-2017). SETTING Ontario, Canada. METHODS Nulliparous women with a live singleton (n = 55 361) or twin (n = 1308) birth who underwent testing for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) using a 75-g OGTT in Ontario, Canada (2007-2017). We identified the 75-g OGTT thresholds in twin pregnancies that were associated with similar incidence rates of future type-2 diabetes to those associated with the standard OGTT thresholds in singleton pregnancies. RESULTS For any given 75-g OGTT value, the incidence rate of future maternal type-2 diabetes was lower for women with a twin than women with a singleton pregnancy. Using women with a negative OGTT as reference, the risk of future maternal type-2 diabetes in twin pregnancies with a positive OGTT based on the standard OGTT thresholds (9.86 per 1000 person years, adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 4.79, 95% CI 2.69-8.51) was lower than for singleton pregnancies with a positive OGTT (18.74 per 1000 person years, aHR 8.22, 95% CI 7.38-9.16). The twin-specific OGTT fasting, 1-hour and 2-hour thresholds identified in the current study based on correlation with future maternal type-2 diabetes were 5.8 mmol/l (104 mg/dl), 11.8 mmol/l (213 mg/dl) and 10.4 mmol/l (187 mg/dl), respectively. CONCLUSIONS We identified potential twin-specific OGTT thresholds for GDM that are associated with a similar risk of future type-2 diabetes to that observed in women diagnosed with GDM in singleton pregnancies based on standard OGTT thresholds. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Potential twin-specific OGTT thresholds for GDM were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Hiersch
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Lis Maternity Hospital, Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - B R Shah
- Department of Medicine and Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - H Berger
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Geary
- Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S D McDonald
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radiology, and Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - B Murray-Davis
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radiology, and Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - J Guan
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - I Halperin
- Department of Endocrinology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R Retnakaran
- Leadership Sinai Centre for Diabetes, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Barrett
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - N Melamed
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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3
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Gatti G, Crepaldi A, Puppin M, Tancogne-Dejean N, Xian L, De Giovannini U, Roth S, Polishchuk S, Bugnon P, Magrez A, Berger H, Frassetto F, Poletto L, Moreschini L, Moser S, Bostwick A, Rotenberg E, Rubio A, Chergui M, Grioni M. Light-Induced Renormalization of the Dirac Quasiparticles in the Nodal-Line Semimetal ZrSiSe. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:076401. [PMID: 32857568 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.076401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In nodal-line semimetals, linearly dispersing states form Dirac loops in the reciprocal space with a high degree of electron-hole symmetry and a reduced density of states near the Fermi level. The result is reduced electronic screening and enhanced correlations between Dirac quasiparticles. Here we investigate the electronic structure of ZrSiSe, by combining time- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy with ab initio density functional theory (DFT) complemented by an extended Hubbard model (DFT+U+V) and by time-dependent DFT+U+V. We show that electronic correlations are reduced on an ultrashort timescale by optical excitation of high-energy electrons-hole pairs, which transiently screen the Coulomb interaction. Our findings demonstrate an all-optical method for engineering the band structure of a quantum material.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gatti
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Crepaldi
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Puppin
- Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy, ISIC, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - N Tancogne-Dejean
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - L Xian
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - U De Giovannini
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
| | - S Roth
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Polishchuk
- Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy, ISIC, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ph Bugnon
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Magrez
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - H Berger
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Frassetto
- National Research Council-Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), via Trasea 7, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - L Poletto
- National Research Council-Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (CNR-IFN), via Trasea 7, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - L Moreschini
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Physics, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Moser
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Physikalisches Institut and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - A Bostwick
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Eli Rotenberg
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Rubio
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Luruper Chaussee 149, Hamburg 22761, Germany
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group, Departamento de Fisica de Materiales, Universidad del País Vasco, San Sebastian 20018, Spain
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, New York 10010, USA
| | - M Chergui
- Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy, ISIC, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Grioni
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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4
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Ray JG, Davidson AJF, Berger H, Dayan N, Park AL. Haemoglobin levels in early pregnancy and severe maternal morbidity: population‐based cohort study. BJOG 2020; 127:1154-1164. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JG Ray
- University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- ICES Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Medicine St. Michael’s Hospital Toronto ON Canada
| | | | - H Berger
- University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology St. Michael’s Hospital Toronto ON Canada
| | - N Dayan
- Department of Medicine and Research Institute McGill University Health Centre Montreal QC Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health McGill University Montreal QC Canada
| | - AL Park
- University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada
- ICES Toronto ON Canada
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5
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Martino E, Crassee I, Eguchi G, Santos-Cottin D, Zhong RD, Gu GD, Berger H, Rukelj Z, Orlita M, Homes CC, Akrap A. Two-Dimensional Conical Dispersion in ZrTe_{5} Evidenced by Optical Spectroscopy. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:217402. [PMID: 31283333 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.217402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Zirconium pentatelluride was recently reported to be a 3D Dirac semimetal, with a single conical band, located at the center of the Brillouin zone. The cone's lack of protection by the lattice symmetry immediately sparked vast discussions about the size and topological or trivial nature of a possible gap opening. Here, we report on a combined optical and transport study of ZrTe_{5}, which reveals an alternative view of electronic bands in this material. We conclude that the dispersion is approximately linear only in the a-c plane, while remaining relatively flat and parabolic in the third direction (along the b axis). Therefore, the electronic states in ZrTe_{5} cannot be described using the model of 3D Dirac massless electrons, even when staying at energies well above the band gap 2Δ=6 meV found in our experiments at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Martino
- IPHYS, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - I Crassee
- LNCMI, CNRS-UGA-UPS-INSA, 25, Avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - G Eguchi
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - D Santos-Cottin
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - R D Zhong
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Berger
- IPHYS, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Z Rukelj
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Bijenička 32, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Orlita
- LNCMI, CNRS-UGA-UPS-INSA-EMFL, 25, Avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
- Institute of Physics, Charles University in Prague, CZ-12116 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - C C Homes
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Ana Akrap
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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6
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Kotzur F, Berger H, Schmidmayr M, Kleinsorge F, Seifert-Klauss V. Therapie-refraktäre anämisierende Vaginalblutungen bei arterieller Gefäßmalformation im uterinen und ovariellen Versorgungsgebiet – ein Fallbericht. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1671264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Kotzur
- Klinikum der Technischen Universität München, Frauenklinik, München, Deutschland
| | - H Berger
- Klinikum der Technischen Universität München, Interventionelle Radiologie, München, Deutschland
| | - M Schmidmayr
- Klinikum der Technischen Universität München, Frauenklinik, München, Deutschland
| | - F Kleinsorge
- Klinikum der Technischen Universität München, Frauenklinik, München, Deutschland
| | - V Seifert-Klauss
- Klinikum der Technischen Universität München, Frauenklinik, München, Deutschland
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7
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Xu N, Wang ZW, Magrez A, Bugnon P, Berger H, Matt CE, Strocov VN, Plumb NC, Radovic M, Pomjakushina E, Conder K, Dil JH, Mesot J, Yu R, Ding H, Shi M. Evidence of a Coulomb-Interaction-Induced Lifshitz Transition and Robust Hybrid Weyl Semimetal in T_{d}-MoTe_{2}. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:136401. [PMID: 30312078 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.136401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Using soft x-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy we probed the bulk electronic structure of T_{d}-MoTe_{2}. We found that on-site Coulomb interaction leads to a Lifshitz transition, which is essential for a precise description of the electronic structure. A hybrid Weyl semimetal state with a pair of energy bands touching at both type-I and type-II Weyl nodes is indicated by comparing the experimental data with theoretical calculations. Unveiling the importance of Coulomb interaction opens up a new route to comprehend the unique properties of MoTe_{2}, and is significant for understanding the interplay between correlation effects, strong spin-orbit coupling and superconductivity in this van der Waals material.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Xu
- Institute of Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Z W Wang
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - A Magrez
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P Bugnon
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - H Berger
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C E Matt
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - V N Strocov
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - N C Plumb
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Radovic
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - E Pomjakushina
- Laboratory for Developments and Methods, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - K Conder
- Laboratory for Developments and Methods, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - J H Dil
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - J Mesot
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - R Yu
- School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - H Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100190, China
| | - M Shi
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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8
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Zhang SL, Wang WW, Burn DM, Peng H, Berger H, Bauer A, Pfleiderer C, van der Laan G, Hesjedal T. Manipulation of skyrmion motion by magnetic field gradients. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2115. [PMID: 29844391 PMCID: PMC5974091 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04563-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic skyrmions are particle-like, topologically protected magnetisation entities that are promising candidates as information carriers in racetrack memory. The transport of skyrmions in a shift-register-like fashion is crucial for their embodiment in practical devices. Here, we demonstrate that chiral skyrmions in Cu2OSeO3 can be effectively manipulated under the influence of a magnetic field gradient. In a radial field gradient, skyrmions were found to rotate collectively, following a given velocity-radius relationship. As a result of this relationship, and in competition with the elastic properties of the skyrmion lattice, the rotating ensemble disintegrates into a shell-like structure of discrete circular racetracks. Upon reversing the field direction, the rotation sense reverses. Field gradients therefore offer an effective handle for the fine control of skyrmion motion, which is inherently driven by magnon currents. In this scheme, no local electric currents are needed, thus presenting a different approach to shift-register-type operations based on spin transfer torque.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Zhang
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - W W Wang
- Faculty of Science, Ningbo University, 315211, Ningbo, China
| | - D M Burn
- Magnetic Spectroscopy Group, Diamond Light Source, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - H Peng
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - H Berger
- Crystal Growth Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Bauer
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - C Pfleiderer
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Strasse 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - G van der Laan
- Magnetic Spectroscopy Group, Diamond Light Source, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - T Hesjedal
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK.
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9
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Vennemann T, Jeong M, Yoon D, Magrez A, Berger H, Yang L, Živković I, Babkevich P, Rønnow HM. Note: Commercial SQUID magnetometer-compatible NMR probe and its application for studying a quantum magnet. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:046101. [PMID: 29716319 DOI: 10.1063/1.5023675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a compact nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probe which is compatible with a magnet of a commercial superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer and demonstrate its application to the study of a quantum magnet. We employ trimmer chip capacitors to construct an NMR tank circuit for low temperature measurements. Using a magnetic insulator MoOPO4 with S = 1/2 (Mo5+) as an example, we show that the T-dependence of the circuit is weak enough to allow the ligand-ion NMR study of magnetic systems. Our 31P NMR results are compatible with previous bulk susceptibility and neutron scattering experiments and furthermore reveal unconventional spin dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Vennemann
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Féderale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Jeong
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Féderale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D Yoon
- Laboratory of the Physics of Nanostructured Materials, Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Féderale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Magrez
- Crystal Growth Facility, Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Féderale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - H Berger
- Crystal Growth Facility, Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Féderale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Yang
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Féderale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - I Živković
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Féderale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P Babkevich
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Féderale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - H M Rønnow
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Féderale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Ahnert J, Schuler M, Legner R, Schmale R, Berger H, Vogel H. Anträge auf psychosomatische Rehabilitation – Häufigkeit, Qualität und Befürwortungsrate. Gesundheitswesen 2018; 80:232-239. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-106968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Der Anteil an psychischen Hauptdiagnosen hat bei den medizinischen Rehabilitationsleistungen der DRV in den letzten Jahren stetig zugenommen. Bisher existieren kaum Daten über Häufigkeit, Qualität und Befürwortungsquote von Anträgen auf eine psychosomatische Reha. Prüfärzte der DRV benötigen im Rehabilitationsantrag ausreichend Informationen über Rehabedarf, -motivation, -fähigkeit und -prognose eines Versicherten. Der ärztliche Befundbericht bei Reha-Anträgen von Patienten mit psychischer Hauptdiagnose wird oft durch den Hausarzt erstellt. Psychische Störungen werden von Hausärzten häufig fehlerhaft diagnostiziert.
Methodik: Bei der DRV Nordbayern und der DRV Bayern Süd wurden über 2 Wochen die prüfärztlichen Entscheidungen bei Reha-Anträgen im Rahmen einer prospektiven Aktenanalyse dokumentiert. Für jeden eingehenden Reha-Antrag wurden folgende Angaben notiert: psychische und somatische Hauptdiagnose/n, Vorliegen von Befundberichten, Angaben zu psychiatrischen/psychotherapeutischen Vorbehandlungen, nachträgliche Anforderung von weiteren Entscheidungsgrundlagen sowie die prüfärztliche Entscheidung.
Ergebnisse: Insgesamt konnten 1 366 Anträge (davon 81% Erstvorlagen) analysiert werden. 16,2% der Erstvorlagen stammen von Antragstellern mit psychischen Hauptdiagnosen. 44,0% dieser Anträge liegt nur ein Befundbericht vom Hausarzt bei. Der Anteil an nicht befürworteten (34,7%) und noch offenen Anträgen (27,2%) liegt bei Reha-Anträgen von Antragstellern mit psychischen Hauptdiagnosen höher als bei Antragstellern mit rein somatischen Hauptdiagnosen (19,6% nicht befürwortete, 12,7% offene Anträge) (χ2=79,8(4), p=0,001). Reha-Anträge von Patienten mit psychischen Hauptdiagnosen ohne Befundbericht vom Psychiater/Psychotherapeuten werden häufiger nicht befürwortet (45,3 vs. 32,3%) oder werden bei der Erstvorlage nicht entschieden (28,0 vs. 18,3%) (χ2=10,2(2), p=0,006). Unter Antragstellern, die bereits in psychiatrischer/psychotherapeutischer Vorbehandlung waren, zeigt sich bei Reha-Anträgen mit Befundbericht vom Hausarzt nur noch ein höherer Anteil an nicht entschiedenen Anträgen (35,7 vs. 18,2%). Bei nicht entschiedenen Anträgen mit Befundbericht vom Hausarzt wird am häufigsten (68,9%) noch ein Befundbericht vom Psychiater/Psychotherapeuten nachgefordert.
Schlussfolgerung: Um die Aussagekraft von Anträgen mit psychischer Erstdiagnose bzw. Anträgen auf eine psychosomatische Rehabilitation zu erhöhen und eine raschere Entscheidung und eine bessere Indikationsstellung zu ermöglichen, könnte es sinnvoll sein, Befundberichte von vornherein von Fachärzten für Psychiatrie oder Psychotherapeuten erstellen zu lassen.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Ahnert
- Abteilung für Med. Psychologie, Med. Soziologie und Rehabilitationswissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg
| | - M. Schuler
- Abteilung für Med. Psychologie, Med. Soziologie und Rehabilitationswissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg
| | - R. Legner
- Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bayern Süd, Sozialmedizin, Landshut
| | - R. Schmale
- Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bayern Süd, Sozialmedizin, Landshut
| | - H. Berger
- Deutsche Rentenversicherung Nordbayern, Ärztlicher Dienst, Würzburg
| | - H. Vogel
- Abteilung für Med. Psychologie, Med. Soziologie und Rehabilitationswissenschaften, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg
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11
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Görlitz S, Tiedje T, Berger H, Junker K, Rose J, Ukena D. Irrwege der Diagnostik – Erdheim-Chester Disease (ECD) mit Nachweis einer BRAF-V600E-Mutation. Pneumologie 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1619335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Görlitz
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin
| | - T Tiedje
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin
| | - H Berger
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin
| | | | | | - D Ukena
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Bremen-Ost gGmbH
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12
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Rosolowski M, Berger H, Schwaenen C, Wessendorf S, Loeffler M, Hasenclever D, Kreuz M. Development and Implementation of an Analysis Tool for Array-based Comparative Genomic Hybridization. Methods Inf Med 2018; 46:608-13. [DOI: 10.1160/me9064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Objectives:
Array-comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) is a high-throughput method to detect and map copy number aberrations in the genome. Multi-step analysis of high-dimensional data requires an integrated suite of bioinformatic tools. In this paperwe detail an analysis pipeline for array CGH data.
Methods:
We developed an analysis tool for array CGH data which supports single and multi-chip analyses as well as combined analyses with paired mRNA gene expression data. The functions supporting relevant steps of analysis were implemented using the open source software R and combined as package aCGHPipeline. Analysis methods were illustrated using 189 CGH arrays of aggressive B-cell lymphomas.
Results:
The package covers data input, quality control, normalization, segmentation and classification. For multi-chip analysis aCGHPipeline offers an algorithm for automatic delineation of recurrent regions. This task was performed manuallyup to now. The package also supports combined analysis with mRNA gene expression data. Outputs consist of HTML documents to facilitate communication with clinical partners.
Conclusions:
The R package aCGHPipeline supports basic tasks of single and multi-chip analysis of array CGH data.
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Stasinopoulos I, Weichselbaumer S, Bauer A, Waizner J, Berger H, Garst M, Pfleiderer C, Grundler D. Linearly polarized GHz magnetization dynamics of spin helix modes in the ferrimagnetic insulator Cu 2OSeO 3. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7037. [PMID: 28765550 PMCID: PMC5539291 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07020-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Linear dichroism - the polarization dependent absorption of electromagnetic waves- is routinely exploited in applications as diverse as structure determination of DNA or polarization filters in optical technologies. Here filamentary absorbers with a large length-to-width ratio are a prerequisite. For magnetization dynamics in the few GHz frequency regime strictly linear dichroism was not observed for more than eight decades. Here, we show that the bulk chiral magnet Cu2OSeO3 exhibits linearly polarized magnetization dynamics at an unexpectedly small frequency of about 2 GHz at zero magnetic field. Unlike optical filters that are assembled from filamentary absorbers, the magnet is shown to provide linear polarization as a bulk material for an extremely wide range of length-to-width ratios. In addition, the polarization plane of a given mode can be switched by 90° via a small variation in width. Our findings shed a new light on magnetization dynamics in that ferrimagnetic ordering combined with antisymmetric exchange interaction offers strictly linear polarization and cross-polarized modes for a broad spectrum of sample shapes at zero field. The discovery allows for novel design rules and optimization of microwave-to-magnon transduction in emerging microwave technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Stasinopoulos
- Physik Department E10, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - S Weichselbaumer
- Physik Department E10, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - A Bauer
- Physik Department E51, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - J Waizner
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität zu Köln, 50937, Köln, Germany
| | - H Berger
- Institut de Physique de la Matière Complexe, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Garst
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität zu Köln, 50937, Köln, Germany.,Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - C Pfleiderer
- Physik Department E51, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - D Grundler
- Institute of Materials (IMX) and Laboratory of Nanoscale Magnetic Materials and Magnonics (LMGN), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 17, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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14
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VanGennep D, Jackson DE, Graf D, Berger H, Hamlin JJ. Evolution of the Fermi surface of BiTeCl with pressure. J Phys Condens Matter 2017; 29:295702. [PMID: 28513467 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa73b7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in the giant Rashba semiconductor BiTeCl under applied pressures up to ∼2.5 GPa. We observe two distinct oscillation frequencies, corresponding to the Rashba-split inner and outer Fermi surfaces. BiTeCl has a conduction band bottom that is split into two sub-bands due to the strong Rashba coupling, resulting in two spin-polarized conduction bands as well as a Dirac point. Our results suggest that the chemical potential lies above this Dirac point, giving rise to two Fermi surfaces. We use a simple two-band model to understand the pressure dependence of our sample parameters. Comparing our results on BiTeCl to previous results on BiTeI, we observe similar trends in both the chemical potential and the Rashba splitting with pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- D VanGennep
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States of America
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15
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Neu B, Nennstiel S, von Delius S, Abdelhafez M, Bajbouj M, Schmid RM, Berger H, Feussner H, Meining A. Endoscopic rendez-vous reconstruction of complete biliary obstruction. Dig Liver Dis 2017; 49:769-772. [PMID: 28314602 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2017.01.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Complete biliary strictures normally require surgical intervention. We describe an alternative, minimally invasive endoscopic/percutaneous rendez-vous technique for the reconstruction of complete benign biliary strictures. PATIENTS AND METHODS Complete biliary strictures were reconstructed in four patients using a rendez-vous percutaneous-endoscopic or percutaneous-percutaneous route guided by fluoroscopic and visual (transillumination) control. RESULTS All four patients were treated successfully and safely with the rendez-vous technique. Complications were caused by the preliminary creation, dilatation and maturation of the percutaneous tract. CONCLUSION This technique may offer a good alternative to surgical bilio-enteric anastomosis in experienced hands. The long term course of the patients treated remains to be seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Neu
- Academic Teaching Hospital Landshut-Achdorf, Medizinische Klinik II, Landshut, Technische Universität München, Germany.
| | - S Nennstiel
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - S von Delius
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - M Abdelhafez
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - M Bajbouj
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - R M Schmid
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - H Berger
- Institut für diagnostische und interventionelle Radiologie, Klinikums rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - H Feussner
- Chirurgische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - A Meining
- Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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16
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Nicholson CW, Berthod C, Puppin M, Berger H, Wolf M, Hoesch M, Monney C. Dimensional Crossover in a Charge Density Wave Material Probed by Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:206401. [PMID: 28581791 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.206401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy data reveal evidence of a crossover from one-dimensional (1D) to three-dimensional (3D) behavior in the prototypical charge density wave (CDW) material NbSe_{3}. In the low-temperature 3D regime, gaps in the electronic structure are observed due to two incommensurate CDWs, in agreement with x-ray diffraction and electronic-structure calculations. At higher temperatures we observe a spectral weight depletion that approaches the power-law behavior expected in one dimension. From the warping of the quasi-1D Fermi surface at low temperatures, we extract the energy scale of the dimensional crossover. This is corroborated by a detailed analysis of the density of states, which reveals a change in dimensional behavior dependent on binding energy. Our results offer an important insight into the dimensionality of excitations in quasi-1D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Nicholson
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14915, Germany
| | - C Berthod
- Department of Quantum Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24 quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Puppin
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14915, Germany
| | - H Berger
- Institut de la Matière Complexe, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Wolf
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institut of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14915, Germany
| | - M Hoesch
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - C Monney
- Institute of Physics, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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Pöllath S, Wild J, Heinen L, Meier TNG, Kronseder M, Tutsch L, Bauer A, Berger H, Pfleiderer C, Zweck J, Rosch A, Back CH. Dynamical Defects in Rotating Magnetic Skyrmion Lattices. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:207205. [PMID: 28581772 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.207205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The chiral magnet Cu_{2}OSeO_{3} hosts a Skyrmion lattice that may be equivalently described as a superposition of plane waves or a lattice of particlelike topological objects. A thermal gradient may break up the Skyrmion lattice and induce rotating domains, raising the question of which of these scenarios better describes the violent dynamics at the domain boundaries. Here, we show that in an inhomogeneous temperature gradient caused by illumination in a Lorentz transmission electron microscope different parts of the Skyrmion lattice can be set into motion with different angular velocities. Tracking the time dependence, we show that the constant rearrangement of domain walls is governed by dynamic 5-7 defects arranging into lines. An analysis of the associated defect density is described by Frank's equation and agrees well with classical 2D Monte Carlo simulations. Fluctuations of boundaries show a surgelike rearrangement of Skyrmion clusters driven by defect rearrangement consistent with simulations treating Skyrmions as point particles. Our findings underline the particle character of the Skyrmion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pöllath
- Institut für Experimentelle Physik, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - J Wild
- Institut für Experimentelle Physik, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - L Heinen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität zu Köln, D-50937 Köln, Germany
| | - T N G Meier
- Institut für Experimentelle Physik, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - M Kronseder
- Institut für Experimentelle Physik, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - L Tutsch
- Institut für Experimentelle Physik, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - A Bauer
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - H Berger
- Crystal Growth Facility, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Pfleiderer
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J Zweck
- Institut für Experimentelle Physik, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - A Rosch
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität zu Köln, D-50937 Köln, Germany
| | - C H Back
- Institut für Experimentelle Physik, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
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Moser S, Nomura Y, Moreschini L, Gatti G, Berger H, Bugnon P, Magrez A, Jozwiak C, Bostwick A, Rotenberg E, Biermann S, Grioni M. Publisher's Note: Electronic Phase Separation and Dramatic Inverse Band Renormalization in the Mixed-Valence Cuprate LiCu_{2}O_{2} [Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 176404 (2017)]. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:199902. [PMID: 28548506 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.199902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.176404.
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Moser S, Nomura Y, Moreschini L, Gatti G, Berger H, Bugnon P, Magrez A, Jozwiak C, Bostwick A, Rotenberg E, Biermann S, Grioni M. Electronic Phase Separation and Dramatic Inverse Band Renormalization in the Mixed-Valence Cuprate LiCu_{2}O_{2}. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:176404. [PMID: 28498707 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.176404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We measured, by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, the electronic structure of LiCu_{2}O_{2}, a mixed-valence cuprate where planes of Cu(I) (3d^{10}) ions are sandwiched between layers containing one-dimensional edge-sharing Cu(II) (3d^{9}) chains. We find that the Cu(I)- and Cu(II)-derived electronic states form separate electronic subsystems, in spite of being coupled by bridging O ions. The valence band, of the Cu(I) character, disperses within the charge-transfer gap of the strongly correlated Cu(II) states, displaying an unprecedented 250% broadening of the bandwidth with respect to the predictions of density functional theory. Our observation is at odds with the widely accepted tenet of many-body theory that correlation effects generally yield narrower bands and larger electron masses and suggests that present-day electronic structure techniques provide an intrinsically inappropriate description of ligand-to-d hybridizations in late transition metal oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Moser
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Nomura
- Centre de Physique Théorique, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-UMR7644, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
- Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
| | - L Moreschini
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Gatti
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - H Berger
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P Bugnon
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Magrez
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Jozwiak
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Bostwick
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - E Rotenberg
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Biermann
- Centre de Physique Théorique, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-UMR7644, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
- Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France
| | - M Grioni
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Berger H, Lietzau M, Tichy A, Herzog K. Pregnancy outcome is influenced by luteal area during diestrus before successful insemination but not by milk production level. Theriogenology 2017; 104:115-119. [PMID: 28822902 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to compare luteal area (LA), luteal blood flow (LBF), and progesterone (P4) concentration before and after artificial insemination (AI) in pregnant and open cows in the diestrus preceding insemination and during the first 21 d after insemination. A number of 119 multiparous German Holstein cows were examined using B-mode and color Doppler sonography in diestrus (15-5 d before AI) and on days 7, 14, and 21 post insemination (pi). Blood samples for determination of P4 concentration were collected at each examination. In pregnant cows, P4 was measured in the diestrus before AI and on days 7, 14, and 21 of pregnancy, and in open cows, in the diestrus preceding the first AI and 7, 14, and 21 d later. Cows were retrospectively allocated into two groups according to the mean daily milk yield in the first 42 d (high milk yield [HMY], ≥39 kg/d; low milk yield [LMY], <39 kg/d). Pregnant cows had larger LA than open cows during diestrus before insemination (5.69 ± 1.85 vs. 4.94 ± 1.66 cm2, P < 0.05), on days 7 (5.34 ± 1.83 vs. 4.52 ± 1.93 cm2, P < 0.05) and 21 pi (5.92 ± 1.60 vs. 4.97 ± 1.44 cm2, P < 0.05). On day 14 there was a tendency towards larger LA in pregnant cows (P = 0.09). Luteal blood flow (1.72 ± 0.74 vs. 1.22 ± 0.67 cm2) and P4 concentration (8.97 ± 4.37 vs. 6.49 ± 4.32 ng/mL) were higher in pregnant cows than in open cows on day 21 (P < 0.05). At day 150, 69% of the LMY cows and 56% of the HMY cows were pregnant (P > 0.05). Pregnant HMY cows had larger LA during diestrus before insemination and on days 7 and 21 pi than open HMY cows (P < 0.05) and tended to result in larger CLs on day 14 (P = 0.06). Pregnant HMY cows had higher LBF on days 14 and 21 (P < 0.05) and higher P4 concentration on day 21 than open HMY cows (P < 0.05). The main finding of this study was a larger LA during diestrus in cows that conceived in the ensuing estrous cycle compared to cows that did not conceive. Luteal area, LBF, and P4 concentration were greater in pregnant cows compared to open cows, and further studies should be conducted on the usefulness of these variables to detect open cows as early as possible after breeding. High-yielding cows appear to require larger LA, LBF, and higher P4 concentration than low-yielding cows to maintain pregnancy. In conclusion, larger LAs were established in pregnant cows in the diestrus before successful insemination regardless of their milk yield. Further studies are needed to verify whether LA in the diestrus before insemination might be used to predict probabilities in reproductive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Berger
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
| | - M Lietzau
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - A Tichy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Platform Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Wien, Austria
| | - K Herzog
- Department for Animal Welfare Service, Lower Saxony State Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety, Oldenburg, Germany
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VanGennep D, Linscheid A, Jackson DE, Weir ST, Vohra YK, Berger H, Stewart GR, Hennig RG, Hirschfeld PJ, Hamlin JJ. Pressure-induced superconductivity in the giant Rashba system BiTeI. J Phys Condens Matter 2017; 29:09LT02. [PMID: 28004645 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa5567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
At ambient pressure, BiTeI exhibits a giant Rashba splitting of the bulk electronic bands. At low pressures, BiTeI undergoes a transition from trivial insulator to topological insulator. At still higher pressures, two structural transitions are known to occur. We have carried out a series of electrical resistivity and AC magnetic susceptibility measurements on BiTeI at pressure up to ∼40 GPa in an effort to characterize the properties of the high-pressure phases. A previous calculation found that the high-pressure orthorhombic P4/nmm structure BiTeI is a metal. We find that this structure is superconducting with T c values as high as 6 K. AC magnetic susceptibility measurements support the bulk nature of the superconductivity. Using electronic structure and phonon calculations, we compute T c and find that our data is consistent with phonon-mediated superconductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D VanGennep
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States of America
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Tiedje T, Berger H, Haars H, Goerlitz S, Sackmann S, Golke H, Ukena D. Management einer Tuberkulose nach DRESS-Syndrom auf Therapie mit Erstrang-Antituberkulotika – eine Kasuistik. Pneumologie 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Tiedje
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Bremen-Ost gGmbH
| | - H Berger
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Bremen-Ost gGmbH
| | - H Haars
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Bremen-Ost gGmbH
| | - S Goerlitz
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Bremen-Ost gGmbH
| | - S Sackmann
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Bremen-Ost gGmbH
| | - H Golke
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Bremen-Ost gGmbH
| | - D Ukena
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Bremen-Ost gGmbH
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23
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Haars H, Sackmann S, Golke H, Goerlitz S, Tiedje T, Berger H, Ukena D. Mann (geb. 1962) mit NSCLC IV-Adenokarzinom (EGFR-Mutation positiv): seit 7 Jahren Therapie mit u.a. Gefitinib, Bevacizumab und aktuell Osimertinib – und die Erfolgsgeschichte geht weiter …. Pneumologie 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Haars
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Bremen-Ost gGmbH
| | - S Sackmann
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Bremen-Ost gGmbH
| | - H Golke
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Bremen-Ost gGmbH
| | - S Goerlitz
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Bremen-Ost gGmbH
| | - T Tiedje
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Bremen-Ost gGmbH
| | - H Berger
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Bremen-Ost gGmbH
| | - D Ukena
- Klinik für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin, Klinikum Bremen-Ost gGmbH
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De Souza LR, Retnakaran R, Berger H, Nathens AB, Maguire JL, Connelly PW, Park AL, Ray JG. First-trimester maternal abdominal adiposity and adiponectin in pregnancy. Diabet Med 2017; 34:135-137. [PMID: 27028232 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L R De Souza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R Retnakaran
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - H Berger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A B Nathens
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J L Maguire
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P W Connelly
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A L Park
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J G Ray
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Health Policy Management Evaluation, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
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25
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Manzoni G, Gragnaniello L, Autès G, Kuhn T, Sterzi A, Cilento F, Zacchigna M, Enenkel V, Vobornik I, Barba L, Bisti F, Bugnon P, Magrez A, Strocov VN, Berger H, Yazyev OV, Fonin M, Parmigiani F, Crepaldi A. Evidence for a Strong Topological Insulator Phase in ZrTe_{5}. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:237601. [PMID: 27982645 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.237601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The complex electronic properties of ZrTe_{5} have recently stimulated in-depth investigations that assigned this material to either a topological insulator or a 3D Dirac semimetal phase. Here we report a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study of both electronic and structural properties of ZrTe_{5}, revealing that the bulk material is a strong topological insulator (STI). By means of angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, we identify at the top of the valence band both a surface and a bulk state. The dispersion of these bands is well captured by ab initio calculations for the STI case, for the specific interlayer distance measured in our x-ray diffraction study. Furthermore, these findings are supported by scanning tunneling spectroscopy revealing the metallic character of the sample surface, thus confirming the strong topological nature of ZrTe_{5}.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Manzoni
- Universitá degli Studi di Trieste, Via Alfonso Valerio 2, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - L Gragnaniello
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - G Autès
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials MARVEL, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - T Kuhn
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - A Sterzi
- Universitá degli Studi di Trieste, Via Alfonso Valerio 2, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - F Cilento
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, Trieste I-34149, Italy
| | - M Zacchigna
- Officina dei Materiali (IOM)-CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Area Science Park - Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - V Enenkel
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - I Vobornik
- Officina dei Materiali (IOM)-CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Area Science Park - Basovizza, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - L Barba
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, Area Science Park, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5 Trieste I-34149, Italy
| | - F Bisti
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Ph Bugnon
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Magrez
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - V N Strocov
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - H Berger
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - O V Yazyev
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials MARVEL, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Fonin
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - F Parmigiani
- Universitá degli Studi di Trieste, Via Alfonso Valerio 2, Trieste 34127, Italy
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, Trieste I-34149, Italy
- International Faculty, University of Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - A Crepaldi
- Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, Trieste I-34149, Italy
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De Souza LR, Berger H, Retnakaran R, Vlachou PA, Maguire JL, Nathens AB, Connelly PW, Ray JG. Hepatic fat and abdominal adiposity in early pregnancy together predict impaired glucose homeostasis in mid-pregnancy. Nutr Diabetes 2016; 6:e229. [PMID: 27643724 PMCID: PMC5048015 DOI: 10.1038/nutd.2016.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fat and abdominal adiposity individually reflect insulin resistance, but their combined effect on glucose homeostasis in mid-pregnancy is unknown. A cohort of 476 pregnant women prospectively underwent sonographic assessment of hepatic fat and visceral (VAT) and total (TAT) adipose tissue at 11–14 weeks' gestation. Logistic regression was used to assess the relation between the presence of maternal hepatic fat and/or the upper quartile (Q) of either VAT or TAT and the odds of developing the composite outcome of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or gestational diabetes mellitus at 24–28 weeks' gestation, based on a 75 g OGTT. Upon adjusting for maternal age, ethnicity, family history of DM and body mass index (BMI), the co-presence of hepatic fat and quartile 4 (Q4) of VAT (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 6.5, 95% CI: 2.3–18.5) or hepatic fat and Q4 of TAT (aOR 7.8 95% CI 2.8–21.7) were each associated with the composite outcome, relative to women with neither sonographic feature. First-trimester sonographic evidence of maternal hepatic fat and abdominal adiposity may independently predict the development of impaired glucose homeostasis and GDM in mid-pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R De Souza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - H Berger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - R Retnakaran
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P A Vlachou
- Department of Medical Imaging, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J L Maguire
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - A B Nathens
- Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P W Connelly
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - J G Ray
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Health Policy Management Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Bapat P, Pinto LSR, Lubetsky A, Aleksa K, Berger H, Koren G, Ito S. Examining the transplacental passage of apixaban using the dually perfused human placenta. J Thromb Haemost 2016; 14:1436-41. [PMID: 27149680 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Essentials Apixaban is a novel oral anticoagulant that has not been studied in pregnant patients. Our objective was to determine the rate and extent of the placental transfer of apixaban. Apixaban rapidly crosses the ex vivo term human placenta from maternal to fetal circulation. Fetal apixaban levels in vivo are estimated to be 35-90% of the corresponding maternal levels. SUMMARY Background Apixaban is a novel oral anticoagulant that is increasingly being prescribed to women of reproductive age. However, information regarding its placental transfer is non-existent. Objective To determine the rate and extent of placental transfer of apixaban, using the human placenta ex vivo. Methods Placentae collected after Caesarean or vaginal delivery of healthy term infants were perfused in the respective maternal and fetal circulation. At the start of the experiment, apixaban was added to the maternal circulation at a concentration of 150 ng mL(-1) , and samples from maternal and fetal reservoirs were collected over 3 h. Results There was a rapid decline of apixaban in the maternal compartment, followed by emergence in the fetal compartment with a median fetal-to-maternal drug concentration ratio of 0.77 (interquartile range [IQR], 0.76-0.81) and fetal concentration of 39.0 ng mL(-1) (IQR, 36.8-40.6) after 3 h (n = 5). The perfusion results were subsequently adjusted to account for differences in the concentration of plasma proteins in maternal and fetal blood, as apixaban remains highly bound to albumin and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein. After the adjustment, the predicted fetal-to-maternal ratio of total (bound plus unbound) apixaban concentrations in vivo ranged from 0.35 to 0.90. Conclusions We conclude that unbound apixaban rapidly crosses from the maternal to fetal circulation. We further predict that total apixaban concentrations in cord blood in vivo are 35-90% of the corresponding maternal levels, suggesting that apixaban could have a possible adverse effect on fetal and neonatal coagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bapat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L S R Pinto
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Lubetsky
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - K Aleksa
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - H Berger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - G Koren
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S Ito
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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28
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Zhang SL, Bauer A, Burn DM, Milde P, Neuber E, Eng LM, Berger H, Pfleiderer C, van der Laan G, Hesjedal T. Multidomain Skyrmion Lattice State in Cu2OSeO3. Nano Lett 2016; 16:3285-3291. [PMID: 27070961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic skyrmions in chiral magnets are nanoscale, topologically protected magnetization swirls that are promising candidates for spintronics memory carriers. Therefore, observing and manipulating the skyrmion state on the surface level of the materials are of great importance for future applications. Here, we report a controlled way of creating a multidomain skyrmion state near the surface of a Cu2OSeO3 single crystal, observed by soft resonant elastic X-ray scattering. This technique is an ideal tool to probe the magnetic order at the L3 edge of 3d metal compounds giving an average depth sensitivity of ∼50 nm. The single-domain 6-fold-symmetric skyrmion lattice can be broken up into domains, overcoming the propagation directions imposed by the cubic anisotropy by applying the magnetic field in directions deviating from the major cubic axes. Our findings open the door to a new way to manipulate and engineer the skyrmion state locally on the surface or on the level of individual skyrmions, which will enable applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Zhang
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - A Bauer
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - D M Burn
- Diamond Light Source , Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - P Milde
- Institut für Angewandte Photophysik, TU Dresden , 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - E Neuber
- Institut für Angewandte Photophysik, TU Dresden , 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - L M Eng
- Institut für Angewandte Photophysik, TU Dresden , 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - H Berger
- Crystal Growth Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Pfleiderer
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München , 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G van der Laan
- Magnetic Spectroscopy Group, Diamond Light Source, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - T Hesjedal
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
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29
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Manzoni G, Sterzi A, Crepaldi A, Diego M, Cilento F, Zacchigna M, Bugnon P, Berger H, Magrez A, Grioni M, Parmigiani F. Ultrafast Optical Control of the Electronic Properties of ZrTe₅. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:207402. [PMID: 26613470 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.207402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report on the temperature dependence of the ZrTe(5) electronic properties, studied at equilibrium and out of equilibrium, by means of time and angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. Our results unveil the dependence of the electronic band structure across the Fermi energy on the sample temperature. This finding is regarded as the dominant mechanism responsible for the anomalous resistivity observed at T*∼160 K along with the change of the charge carrier character from holelike to electronlike. Having addressed these long-lasting questions, we prove the possibility to control, at the ultrashort time scale, both the binding energy and the quasiparticle lifetime of the valence band. These experimental evidences pave the way for optically controlling the thermoelectric and magnetoelectric transport properties of ZrTe(5).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Manzoni
- Universitá degli Studi di Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - A Sterzi
- Universitá degli Studi di Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - A Crepaldi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S. C. p. A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Diego
- Universitá degli Studi di Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - F Cilento
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S. C. p. A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Zacchigna
- C.N.R.-I.O.M., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ph Bugnon
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - H Berger
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Magrez
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Grioni
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Parmigiani
- Universitá degli Studi di Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, Trieste 34127, Italy
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S. C. p. A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- International Faculty, University of Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
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Ruff E, Lunkenheimer P, Loidl A, Berger H, Krohns S. Magnetoelectric effects in the skyrmion host material Cu2OSeO3. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15025. [PMID: 26446514 PMCID: PMC4597216 DOI: 10.1038/srep15025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulating helimagnetic Cu2OSeO3 shows sizeable magnetoelectric effects in its skyrmion phase. Using magnetization measurements, magneto-current analysis and dielectric spectroscopy, we provide a thorough investigation of magnetoelectric coupling, polarization and dielectric constants of the ordered magnetic and polar phases of single-crystalline Cu2OSeO3 in external magnetic fields up to 150 mT and at temperatures below 60 K. From these measurements we construct a detailed phase diagram. Especially, the skyrmion phase and the metamagnetic transition of helical to conical spin order are characterized in detail. Finally we address the question if there is any signature of polar order that can be switched by an external electric field, which would imply multiferroic behaviour of Cu2OSeO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ruff
- Experimental Physics V, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, 86135 Augsburg, Germany
| | - P Lunkenheimer
- Experimental Physics V, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, 86135 Augsburg, Germany
| | - A Loidl
- Experimental Physics V, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, 86135 Augsburg, Germany
| | - H Berger
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Krohns
- Experimental Physics V, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, 86135 Augsburg, Germany
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Müller-Nordhorn J, Muckelbauer R, Englert H, Grittner U, Berger H, Prugger C, Wegscheider K, Willich SN. Longitudinal Association Between Body Mass Index and Health-Related Quality of Life. Int J Epidemiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv096.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Vogel H, Blöcher A, Wegmann U, Berger H, Faller H. Nachbefragung von Rehabilitanden zum Reha- und Entlassungsmanagement als Baustein der Qualitätssicherung in der Medizinischen Rehabilitation. Gesundheitswesen 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1563232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ahnert J, Schuler M, Legner R, Berger H, Vogel H. Anträge auf psychosomatische Rehabilitation – Häufigkeit, Qualität und Befürwortungsrate im Vergleich zu Anträgen auf somatische Rehabilitation. Gesundheitswesen 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1563228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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34
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Moser S, Fatale S, Krüger P, Berger H, Bugnon P, Magrez A, Niwa H, Miyawaki J, Harada Y, Grioni M. Electron-Phonon Coupling in the Bulk of Anatase TiO2 Measured by Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Spectroscopy. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:096404. [PMID: 26371668 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.096404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the polaronic ground state of anatase TiO2 by bulk-sensitive resonant inelastic x-ray spectroscopy (RIXS) at the Ti L3 edge. We find that the formation of the polaron cloud involves a single 95 meV phonon along the c axis, in addition to the 108 meV ab-plane mode previously identified by photoemission. The coupling strength to both modes is the same within error bars, and it is unaffected by the carrier density. These data establish RIXS as a directional bulk-sensitive probe of electron-phonon coupling in solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Moser
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut de Physique des Nanostructures, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Fatale
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut de Physique des Nanostructures, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P Krüger
- Graduate School of Advanced Integration Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - H Berger
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut de Physique des Nanostructures, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P Bugnon
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut de Physique des Nanostructures, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Magrez
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut de Physique des Nanostructures, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - H Niwa
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8526, Japan
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Organization, University of Tokyo, Sayo-cho, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - J Miyawaki
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8526, Japan
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Organization, University of Tokyo, Sayo-cho, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Y Harada
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8526, Japan
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Organization, University of Tokyo, Sayo-cho, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - M Grioni
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut de Physique des Nanostructures, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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35
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Pregelj M, Zorko A, Zaharko O, Nojiri H, Berger H, Chapon LC, Arčon D. Spin-stripe phase in a frustrated zigzag spin-1/2 chain. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7255. [PMID: 26068618 PMCID: PMC4490353 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Motifs of periodic modulations are encountered in a variety of natural systems, where at least two rival states are present. In strongly correlated electron systems, such behaviour has typically been associated with competition between short- and long-range interactions, for example, between exchange and dipole-dipole interactions in the case of ferromagnetic thin films. Here we show that spin-stripe textures may develop also in antiferromagnets, where long-range dipole-dipole magnetic interactions are absent. A comprehensive analysis of magnetic susceptibility, high-field magnetization, specific heat and neutron diffraction measurements unveils β-TeVO4 as a nearly perfect realization of a frustrated (zigzag) ferromagnetic spin-1/2 chain. Notably, a narrow spin-stripe phase develops at elevated magnetic fields due to weak frustrated short-range interchain exchange interactions, possibly assisted by the symmetry-allowed electric polarization. This concept provides an alternative route for the stripe formation in strongly correlated electron systems and may help understanding of other widespread, yet still elusive, stripe-related phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pregelj
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - A Zorko
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - O Zaharko
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen CH-5232, Switzerland
| | - H Nojiri
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - H Berger
- Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - L C Chapon
- Institut Laue-Langevin, BP 156X, Grenoble 38042, France
| | - D Arčon
- 1] Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova c. 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia [2] Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska c. 19, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
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36
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Schwarze T, Waizner J, Garst M, Bauer A, Stasinopoulos I, Berger H, Pfleiderer C, Grundler D. Universal helimagnon and skyrmion excitations in metallic, semiconducting and insulating chiral magnets. Nat Mater 2015; 14:478-483. [PMID: 25730395 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nearly seven decades of research on microwave excitations of magnetic materials have led to a wide range of applications in electronics. The recent discovery of topological spin solitons in chiral magnets, so-called skyrmions, promises high-frequency devices that exploit the exceptional emergent electrodynamics of these compounds. Therefore, an accurate and unified quantitative account of their resonant response is key. Here, we report all-electrical spectroscopy of the collective spin excitations in the metallic, semiconducting and insulating chiral magnets MnSi, Fe1-xCoxSi and Cu2OSeO3, respectively, using broadband coplanar waveguides. By taking into account dipolar interactions, we achieve a precise quantitative modelling across the entire magnetic phase diagrams using two material-specific parameters that quantify the chiral and the critical field energy. The universal behaviour sets the stage for purpose-designed applications based on the resonant response of chiral magnets with tailored electric conductivity and an unprecedented freedom for an integration with electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Schwarze
- Lehrstuhl für Physik funktionaler Schichtsysteme, Technische Universität München, Physik Department, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J Waizner
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - M Garst
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - A Bauer
- Lehrstuhl für Topologie korrelierter Systeme, Technische Universität München, Physik Department, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - I Stasinopoulos
- Lehrstuhl für Physik funktionaler Schichtsysteme, Technische Universität München, Physik Department, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - H Berger
- Institut de Physique de la Matiére Complexe, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Pfleiderer
- Lehrstuhl für Topologie korrelierter Systeme, Technische Universität München, Physik Department, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - D Grundler
- 1] Lehrstuhl für Physik funktionaler Schichtsysteme, Technische Universität München, Physik Department, D-85748 Garching, Germany [2] Institut des Matériaux, Faculté Sciences et Technique de l'Ingénieur, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Baber M, Chaudhry S, Kelly L, Ross C, Carleton B, Berger H, Koren G. The pharmacogenetics of codeine pain relief in the postpartum period. Pharmacogenomics J 2015; 15:430-5. [DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2015.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Cacho C, Crepaldi A, Battiato M, Braun J, Cilento F, Zacchigna M, Richter MC, Heckmann O, Springate E, Liu Y, Dhesi SS, Berger H, Bugnon P, Held K, Grioni M, Ebert H, Hricovini K, Minár J, Parmigiani F. Momentum-resolved spin dynamics of bulk and surface excited States in the topological insulator Bi(2)Se(3). Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:097401. [PMID: 25793848 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.097401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The prospect of optically inducing and controlling a spin-polarized current in spintronic devices has generated wide interest in the out-of-equilibrium electronic and spin structure of topological insulators. In this Letter we show that only measuring the spin intensity signal over several orders of magnitude by spin-, time-, and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy can provide a comprehensive description of the optically excited electronic states in Bi_{2}Se_{3}. Our experiments reveal the existence of a surface resonance state in the second bulk band gap that is benchmarked by fully relativistic ab initio spin-resolved photoemission calculations. We propose that the newly reported state plays a major role in the ultrafast dynamics of the system, acting as a bottleneck for the interaction between the topologically protected surface state and the bulk conduction band. In fact, the spin-polarization dynamics in momentum space show that these states display macroscopically different temperatures and, more importantly, different cooling rates over several picoseconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cacho
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - A Crepaldi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S. C. p. A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Battiato
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, A 1040 Wien, Austria
| | - J Braun
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - F Cilento
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S. C. p. A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Zacchigna
- CNR-IOM, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - M C Richter
- Laboratoire de Physique des Matriaux et des Surfaces, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 5 mail Gay-Lussac, 95031 Cergy-Pontoise, France
- DSM, IRAMIS, Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - O Heckmann
- Laboratoire de Physique des Matriaux et des Surfaces, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 5 mail Gay-Lussac, 95031 Cergy-Pontoise, France
- DSM, IRAMIS, Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E Springate
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Y Liu
- Diamond Light Source, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX110DE, United Kingdom
| | - S S Dhesi
- Diamond Light Source, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX110DE, United Kingdom
| | - H Berger
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics (ICMP), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ph Bugnon
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics (ICMP), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - K Held
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, A 1040 Wien, Austria
| | - M Grioni
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics (ICMP), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - H Ebert
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - K Hricovini
- Laboratoire de Physique des Matriaux et des Surfaces, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 5 mail Gay-Lussac, 95031 Cergy-Pontoise, France
- DSM, IRAMIS, Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Minár
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
- New Technologies-Research Center, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitni 8, 306 14 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - F Parmigiani
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S. C. p. A., Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Trieste, Via A. Valerio 2, Trieste 34127, Italy
- International Faculty, University of Köln, 50937 Köln, Germany
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Guarise M, Piazza BD, Berger H, Giannini E, Schmitt T, Rønnow HM, Sawatzky GA, van den Brink J, Altenfeld D, Eremin I, Grioni M. Anisotropic softening of magnetic excitations along the nodal direction in superconducting cuprates. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5760. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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40
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Boschini F, Hedayat H, Dallera C, Farinello P, Manzoni C, Magrez A, Berger H, Cerullo G, Carpene E. An innovative Yb-based ultrafast deep ultraviolet source for time-resolved photoemission experiments. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:123903. [PMID: 25554305 DOI: 10.1063/1.4903347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy is a powerful technique to study ultrafast electronic dynamics in solids. Here, an innovative optical setup based on a 100-kHz Yb laser source is presented. Exploiting non-collinear optical parametric amplification and sum-frequency generation, ultrashort pump (hν = 1.82 eV) and ultraviolet probe (hν = 6.05 eV) pulses are generated. Overall temporal and instrumental energy resolutions of, respectively, 85 fs and 50 meV are obtained. Time- and angle-resolved measurements on BiTeI semiconductor are presented to show the capabilities of the setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Boschini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - H Hedayat
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - C Dallera
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - P Farinello
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e dell'Informazione, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - C Manzoni
- IFN-CNR Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - A Magrez
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics (ICMP), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - H Berger
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics (ICMP), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - G Cerullo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - E Carpene
- IFN-CNR Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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41
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Ozerov M, Romhányi J, Belesi M, Berger H, Ansermet JP, van den Brink J, Wosnitza J, Zvyagin SA, Rousochatzakis I. Establishing the fundamental magnetic interactions in the chiral Skyrmionic Mott insulator Cu(2)OSeO(3) by terahertz electron spin resonance. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:157205. [PMID: 25375739 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.157205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The recent discovery of Skyrmions in Cu(2)OSeO(3) has established a new platform to create and manipulate Skyrmionic spin textures. We use high-field electron spin resonance with a terahertz free-electron laser and pulsed magnetic fields up to 64 T to probe and quantify its microscopic spin-spin interactions. In addition to the previously observed long-wavelength Goldstone mode, this technique probes also the high-energy part of the excitation spectrum which is inaccessible by standard low-frequency electron spin resonance. Fitting the behavior of the observed modes in magnetic field to a theoretical framework establishes experimentally that the fundamental magnetic building blocks of this Skyrmionic magnet are rigid, highly entangled and weakly coupled tetrahedra.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ozerov
- Dresden High Magnetic Field Laboratory (HLD), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden D-01328, Germany
| | - J Romhányi
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW, Dresden D-01069, Germany
| | - M Belesi
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW, Dresden D-01069, Germany
| | - H Berger
- Institut de Physique de la Matiére Condensée, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 3, CH-1015 Lausanne-EPFL, Switzerland
| | - J-Ph Ansermet
- Institut de Physique de la Matiére Condensée, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 3, CH-1015 Lausanne-EPFL, Switzerland
| | - Jeroen van den Brink
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW, Dresden D-01069, Germany and Department of Physics, TU Dresden, Dresden D-01062, Germany
| | - J Wosnitza
- Dresden High Magnetic Field Laboratory (HLD), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden D-01328, Germany and Department of Physics, TU Dresden, Dresden D-01062, Germany
| | - S A Zvyagin
- Dresden High Magnetic Field Laboratory (HLD), Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden D-01328, Germany
| | - I Rousochatzakis
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW, Dresden D-01069, Germany
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42
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White JS, Prša K, Huang P, Omrani AA, Zivković I, Bartkowiak M, Berger H, Magrez A, Gavilano JL, Nagy G, Zang J, Rønnow HM. Electric-field-induced Skyrmion distortion and giant lattice rotation in the magnetoelectric insulator Cu2OSeO3. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:107203. [PMID: 25238382 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.107203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Uniquely in Cu2OSeO3, the Skyrmions, which are topologically protected magnetic spin vortexlike objects, display a magnetoelectric coupling and can be manipulated by externally applied electric (E) fields. Here, we explore the E-field coupling to the magnetoelectric Skyrmion lattice phase, and study the response using neutron scattering. Giant E-field induced rotations of the Skyrmion lattice are achieved that span a range of ∼25°. Supporting calculations show that an E-field-induced Skyrmion distortion lies behind the lattice rotation. Overall, we present a new approach to Skyrmion control that makes no use of spin-transfer torques due to currents of either electrons or magnons.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S White
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland and Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - K Prša
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P Huang
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A A Omrani
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - I Zivković
- Institute of Physics, Bijenička 46, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Bartkowiak
- Laboratory for Developments and Methods, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - H Berger
- Crystal Growth Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Magrez
- Crystal Growth Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J L Gavilano
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - G Nagy
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - J Zang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - H M Rønnow
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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VanGennep D, Maiti S, Graf D, Tozer SW, Martin C, Berger H, Maslov DL, Hamlin JJ. Pressure tuning the Fermi level through the Dirac point of giant Rashba semiconductor BiTeI. J Phys Condens Matter 2014; 26:342202. [PMID: 25090658 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/34/342202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in the giant Rashba semiconductor BiTeI under applied pressures up to ∼2 GPa. We observe one high frequency oscillation at all pressures and one low frequency oscillation that emerges between ∼0.3-0.7 GPa indicating the appearance of a second small Fermi surface. BiTeI has a conduction band bottom that is split into two sub-bands due to the strong Rashba coupling, resulting in a 'Dirac point'. Our results suggest that the chemical potential starts below the Dirac point in the conduction band at ambient pressure and moves upward, crossing it as pressure is increased. The presence of the chemical potential above this Dirac point results in two Fermi surfaces. We present a simple model that captures this effect and can be used to understand the pressure dependence of our sample parameters. These extracted parameters are in quantitative agreement with first-principles calculations and other experiments. The parameters extracted via our model support the notion that pressure brings the system closer to the predicted topological quantum phase transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- D VanGennep
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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44
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Hildebrand B, Didiot C, Novello AM, Monney G, Scarfato A, Ubaldini A, Berger H, Bowler DR, Renner C, Aebi P. Doping nature of native defects in 1T-TiSe2. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:197001. [PMID: 24877961 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.197001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The transition-metal dichalcogenide 1T-TiSe2 is a quasi-two-dimensional layered material with a charge density wave (CDW) transition temperature of T(CDW) ≈ 200 K. Self-doping effects for crystals grown at different temperatures introduce structural defects, modify the temperature-dependent resistivity, and strongly perturbate the CDW phase. Here, we study the structural and doping nature of such native defects combining scanning tunneling microscopy or spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. The dominant native single atom dopants we identify in our single crystals are intercalated Ti atoms, Se vacancies, and Se substitutions by residual iodine and oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hildebrand
- Département de Physique and Fribourg Center for Nanomaterials, Université de Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - C Didiot
- Département de Physique and Fribourg Center for Nanomaterials, Université de Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - A M Novello
- Département de Physique de la Matière Condensée, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - G Monney
- Département de Physique and Fribourg Center for Nanomaterials, Université de Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - A Scarfato
- Département de Physique de la Matière Condensée, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - A Ubaldini
- Département de Physique de la Matière Condensée, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - H Berger
- Institut de Génie Atomique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D R Bowler
- London Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - C Renner
- Département de Physique de la Matière Condensée, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - P Aebi
- Département de Physique and Fribourg Center for Nanomaterials, Université de Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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Shiohira S, Yoshida T, Sugiura H, Nishida M, Nitta K, Tsuchiya K, Grampp S, Goppelt-Strube M, Eckardt KU, Schodel J, Kang SW, Kim Y, Seo SK, Kim T, Ong S, Yang WS, Han NJ, Lee JM, Baek CH, Park SK, Kemter E, Aigner B, Wanke R, Troyano Suarez N, Olmos Centenero G, Mora I, Griera M, Cano JL, Martin P, Zamora J, Ruiz-Torres MP, Falke LL, Leask A, Lyons K, Nguyen TQ, Goldschmeding R, Park SK, Kim D, Lee AS, Jung YJ, Yang KH, Lee S, Kim W, Kim W, Kang KP, Garcia-Jerez A, Luengo-Rodriguez A, Ramirez-Chamond R, Carracedo J, Medrano-Andres D, Rodriguez-Puyol D, Calleros L, Kim HW, Park SK, Yang WS, Lee SK, Chang JW, Seo JW, Lee CT, Chou CA, Lee YT, Ng HY, Sanchez-Nino MD, Fernandez-Fernandez B, Perez-Gomez MV, Poveda J, Sanz AB, Cannata-Ortiz P, Egido J, Selgas R, Ortiz A, Ma SK, Kim IJ, Kim CS, Bae EH, Kim SW, Kokeny G, Boo'Si M, Fazekas K, Rosivall L, Mozes MM, Mijuskovic M, Ulrich C, Berger H, Trojanowicz B, Kohler F, Wolf A, Seibert E, Fiedler R, Markau S, Glomb M, Girndt M, Lajdova I, Spustova V, Oksa A, Chorvat D, Marcek Chorvatova A, Choi SO, Kim JS, Han BG, Yang JW, Liu S, Lv J, Chang R, Su F, Liang W, Zawada AM, Rogacev KS, Hundsdorfer J, Sester U, Fliser D, Heine GH, Chen JS, Cheng CW, Chang LC, Wu CZ, Novaes AS, Borges FT, Boim MA, Tramonti G, Romiti N, Chieli E, Hamahata S, Nagasawa Y, Kawabe M, Kida A, Yahiro M, Nanami M, Hasuike Y, Kuragano T, Nakasho K, Ohyama H, Nakanishi T, Tanaka S, Yano S, Sugimoto T, Bae E, Stevens KK, Hillyard DZ, Delles C, Jardine AG, Burke M, Morais C, Soyer P, Sinnya S, Winterford C, Oliver K, Lambie D, Staatz C, Carroll R, Campbell S, Isbel N, Felaco P, Pesce M, Patruno A, Sirolli V, Speranza L, Amoroso L, Franceschelli S, Bonomini M, Thilo F, Zakrzewicz A, Tepel M, Thilo F, Zakrzewicz A, Tepel M, Liu S, Li Y, Liang W, Su F, Wang B. CELL SIGNALLING AND APOPTOSIS. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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46
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Wildgruber M, Borgmeyer S, Ettl J, Meier R, Berger H. Radiologische Implantation zentralvenöser Portkathetersysteme am Unterarm – eine retrospektive monozentrische Analyse von 1722 Patienten. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1373064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Choi KY, Choi IH, Lemmens P, van Tol J, Berger H. Magnetic, structural, and electronic properties of the multiferroic compound FeTe₂O₅Br with geometrical frustration. J Phys Condens Matter 2014; 26:086001. [PMID: 24501196 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/26/8/086001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report electron spin resonance (ESR), Raman scattering, and interband absorption measurements of the multiferroic FeTe₂O₅Br with two successive magnetic transitions at T(N1) = 11.0 K and T(N2) = 10.5 K. ESR measurements show all characteristics of a low-dimensional frustrated magnet: (i) the appearance of an antiferromagnetic resonance (AFMR) mode at 40 K, a much higher temperature than T(N1), and (ii) a weaker temperature dependence of the AFMR linewidth than in classical magnets, ΔH(pp)(T) ∝ T(n) with n = 2.2-2.3. Raman spectra at ambient pressure show a large variation of phonon intensities with temperature while there are no appreciable changes in phonon numbers and frequencies. This demonstrates the significant role of the polarizable Te⁴⁺ lone pairs in inducing multiferroicity. Under pressure at P = 2.12-3.04 GPa Raman spectra undergo drastic changes and absorption spectra exhibit an abrupt drop of a band gap. This evidences a pressure-induced structural transition related to changes of the electronic states at high pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-Y Choi
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
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Ilakovac V, Guarise M, Grioni M, Schmitt T, Zhou K, Braicovich L, Ghiringhelli G, Strocov VN, Berger H. Opening of a Peierls gap in BaVS3 probed by V L3 edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. J Phys Condens Matter 2013; 25:505602. [PMID: 24275702 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/50/505602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
V L3 edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering measurements performed on high quality BaVS3 single crystals reveal that the intra-t2g dd excitations close to the elastic peak are suppressed below the metal-insulator transition induced by the Peierls instability. The depletion of electronic states close to the Fermi level represents a direct observation of the opening of a charge gap inside the t2g manifold.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ilakovac
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS UMR 7614, LCP-MR, F-75231 Paris, France. Université de Cergy-Pontoise, F-95031 Cergy-Pontoise, France
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Xi X, Ma C, Liu Z, Chen Z, Ku W, Berger H, Martin C, Tanner DB, Carr GL. Signatures of a pressure-induced topological quantum phase transition in BiTeI. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:155701. [PMID: 24160613 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.155701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Revised: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of two signatures of a pressure-induced topological quantum phase transition in the polar semiconductor BiTeI using x-ray powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. The x-ray data confirm that BiTeI remains in its ambient-pressure structure up to 8 GPa. The lattice parameter ratio c/a shows a minimum between 2.0-2.9 GPa, indicating an enhanced c-axis bonding through p(z) band crossing as expected during the transition. Over the same pressure range, the infrared spectra reveal a maximum in the optical spectral weight of the charge carriers, reflecting the closing and reopening of the semiconducting band gap. Both of these features are characteristics of a topological quantum phase transition and are consistent with a recent theoretical proposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Xi
- Photon Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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50
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Tournier-Colletta C, Moreschini L, Autès G, Moser S, Crepaldi A, Berger H, Walter AL, Kim KS, Bostwick A, Monceau P, Rotenberg E, Yazyev OV, Grioni M. Electronic instability in a zero-gap semiconductor: the charge-density wave in (TaSe4)2I. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:236401. [PMID: 25167517 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.236401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report a comprehensive study of the paradigmatic quasi-1D compound (TaSe(4))(2)I performed by means of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and first-principles electronic structure calculations. We find it to be a zero-gap semiconductor in the nondistorted structure, with non-negligible interchain coupling. Theory and experiment support a Peierls-like scenario for the charge-density wave formation below T(CDW)=263 K, where the incommensurability is a direct consequence of the finite interchain coupling. The formation of small polarons, strongly suggested by the ARPES data, explains the puzzling semiconductor-to-semiconductor transition observed in transport at T(CDW).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tournier-Colletta
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Moreschini
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Autès
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Moser
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Crepaldi
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - H Berger
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A L Walter
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K S Kim
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Bostwick
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P Monceau
- Institut Néel, CNRS/Université Joseph Fourier, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - E Rotenberg
- Advanced Light Source (ALS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - O V Yazyev
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Grioni
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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